
 Remove snow tires when threat of snow or ice has ended.
 Note  that roof racks, ski racks, etc, increase air resistance  and  also fuel consumption.
 Avoid using automatic  transmission kickdown  feature unless necessary.
 However, at higher driving speeds, fuel consumption will be  lower with the air conditioning on and  the windows
closed than with the air conditioning off and  the windows open.
 Using the onboard trip computer's fuel consumption modes can help you learn how to drive more economically.
Other factors  that decrease gas mileage are:
 Dirty air cleaner
 Dirty engine oil and  clogged oil filter
 Dragging brakes
 Incorrect front  end  alignment.
Some of the above mentioned items and  others  are checked at the standard Maintenance Service intervals.
NOTE:  Vehicles equipped with automatic  transmissions  should use (D)rive  as often as possible and  avoid using
"kickdown"  to help improve fuel economy.
CAUTION!
Drive slowly and  carefully if going through standing water (i.e. flooded roadways, etc.). Damage to the engine could
result if excess water is drawn in through the air intake  system. Never  drive the vehicle in water deeper than 1 foot
(300 mm).
pg. 114 Starting and driving
Handling  and road holding
Weight distribution affects handling
At the specified curb weight your vehicle has a  tendency to understeer, which  means that the steering wheel has to be
turned more than might seem appropriate for the curvature of a  bend.
This ensures good stability and  reduces the risk of rear wheel skid. Remember that these properties can alter with the
vehicle load. The heavier  the load in the trunk (max. 220 lbs, 100 kg), the less the tendency to understeer.
Handling,  roadholding
Vehicle load, tire design and  inflation pressure all affect vehicle handling. Therefore,  check that the tires are inflated to
the recommended pressure according  to the vehicle load. See  "Tire  pressure" section.
Loads  should be  distributed so that capacity weight or maximum permissible axle loads are not exceeded.
Speed-sensitive power steering (Option on certain models)
With this  feature, the steering is most  responsive at lower speeds to make parking, driving in city traffic,  etc., easier.
The effect of the power steering diminishes as you accelerate for greater stability at highway  speeds.
Driving through  water
The vehicle can be  driven through water up to a  depth of approximately 9 in. (25 cm), at a  maximum speed of 6 mph
(10 km/h).
Take particular care when driving through flowing water.
Clean the electrical connections for trailer wiring after driving in mud or water When driving through water, maintain
low speed and  do not stop in the water.
WARNING!
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If you wish to check your vehicle before the approach of cold weather, the following advice is worth noting:
 Make sure that the engine coolant  contains 50 percent  antifreeze.  Any other mixture will reduce freeze  protection.
This gives protection against freezing down to -31°F (-35°C). See  section "Coolant". The use of "recycled"
antifreeze is not approved by Volvo. Different  types of antifreeze must not be mixed.
 Volvo recommends using only genuine Volvo antifreeze  in your vehicle's radiator. Your Volvo retailer stocks plenty
of Volvo engine coolant  to protect your vehicle during cold weather.
 Try  to keep the fuel tank  well filled - this  prevents the formation  of condensation in the tank. In addition, in
extremely cold weather conditions it is worthwhile to add  fuel line de -icer before refueling.
 The viscosity of the engine oil  is important. Oil with low viscosity (thinner oil) improves cold-weather starting as
well as decreasing fuel consumption while the engine is warming up. For winter use, 5W -30 oil, particularly the
synthetic type
1, is recommended. Be sure to use good quality oil but do not use cold-weather oil for hard driving or in
warm weather. See  section "Engine oil" for more information.
 The load placed on the battery  is greater during the winter since the windshield wipers, lighting, etc. are used more
often. Moreover,  the capacity of the battery decreases as the temperature drops. In very cold weather, a  poorly charged
battery can freeze  and  be  damaged. It is therefore advisable to check the state of charge more frequently and  spray an
antirust oil on the battery posts.
 Volvo recommends the use of snow tires  on all four wheels for winter driving - see section "Wheels and  tires."
 To prevent the washer fluid  reservoir from  freezing, add  washer solvents containing antifreeze  (see page 176 for
the location of the washer fluid reservoir).  This is important since dirt is often splashed  on the windshield during
winter driving, requiring the frequent use of the washers and  wipers. Volvo Washer Solvent should be  diluted as
follows:
- Down  to 14° F (-10° C) : 1 part washer solvent and  4 parts  water
- Down  to 5° F (-15° C) : 1 part washer solvent and  3 parts  water
- Down  to 0° F (-18° C) : 1 part washer solvent and  2 parts  water
- Down  to -18° F (-28° C) : 1 part washer solvent and  1 part water
 Use Volvo Teflon Lock Spray in the locks.
NOTE:  Avoid the use of de -icing sprays as they can cause damage to the locks.
W - Winter/Wet driving mode - enhanced vehicle  traction (automatic transmission)
 Mode W  will only function if the gear selector is in the ( D)rive position.
 Press the button at the base of the gear selector to engage/disengage this  driving mode.
 An LED  in the button will light up to indicate that W  is engaged and  this  will also be  displayed in the instrument
panel (see page 44
).
 This mode may be  selected for starting/ moving off on slippery roads.
1. Synthetic  oil is not used when  the oil is changed  at the normal maintenance service intervals.
pg. 137 Starting and driving
Before a long distance trip
It is always worthwhile to have your vehicle checked at a  Volvo retailer before driving long distances. Your retailer
will also be  able to supply you with bulbs, fuses, spark plugs and  wiper blades for your use in the event that problems
occur.
As a  minimum, the following items should be  checked before any  long trip:
 Check that engine runs smoothly and  that fuel consumption is normal.
 Check for fuel, oil, and  fluid leakage.
 Check transmission oil level1.
 Check condition of drive belts.
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 Use a  tire gauge to check the tire inflation pressure, including the spare, at least once a  month and  before long trips.
You are strongly urged to buy a  reliable tire pressure gauge, as automatic  service station gauges may be  inaccurate.
 Use the recommended cold inflation pressure for optimum tire performance and  wear.
 Under-inflation or over-inflation may cause uneven treadwear  patterns.
WARNING!
 Under-inflation is the most  common cause of tire failure and  may result in severe tire cracking,  tread separation,
or "blowout," with unexpected loss of vehicle control and  increased risk of injury.
 Under-inflated tires reduce the load carrying capacity of your vehicle.
When weather temperature changes occur, tire inflation pressures also change. A 10- degree temperature drop causes a
corresponding drop of 1 psi (7 kPa) in inflation pressure. Check your tire pressures frequently and  adjust them to the
proper pressure, which  can be  found on the vehicle's tire information placard  or certification label.
Checking tire pressure
A certain amount of air seepage from  the tires occurs naturally and  tire pressure fluctuates with seasonal changes in
temperature. Always check tire pressure regularly.
Cold tires
Inflation  pressure should be  checked when the tires are cold.
pg. 145 Wheels and tires
General information
The tires are considered to be cold when they have the same temperature as the surrounding (ambient) air.
This temperature is normally reached after the vehicle has been parked for at least 3 hours.
After driving a  distance of approximately 1 mile (1.6 km), the tires are considered to be  hot. If you have to drive
farther than this  distance to pump your tire(s), check and  record the tire pressure first and  add  the appropriate air
pressure when you get to the pump.
If checking tire pressure when the tire is hot, never "bleed" or reduce air pressure. The tires are hot from  driving and  it
is normal for pressures to increase above recommended cold pressures. A hot tire at or below  recommended cold
inflation pressure could be  significantly under-inflated.
To check  inflation pressure:
- Remove the cap from  the valve on one  tire, then firmly press the tire gauge onto the valve.
- Add air to reach the recommended air pressure.
- Replace the valve cap.
- Repeat this  procedure for each tire, including the spare.
- Visually inspect the tires to make sure there are no nails or other objects embedded that could puncture the tire and
cause an  air leak.
- Check the sidewalls to make sure there are no gouges, cuts, bulges or other irregularities.
NOTE:
 If you overfill  the tire, release air by pushing on the metal stem in the center  of the valve. Then recheck the pressure
with your tire gauge.
 Some spare tires require higher inflation pressure than the other tires. Consult the tire inflation tables on pages 146
and  147, or see the inflation pressure placard.
pg. 146 Wheels and tires
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Maximum  permissible inflation pressure: the greatest amount of air pressure that should ever be  put in the tire.
This limit is set by the tire manufacturer.
Recommended tire inflation pressure: inflation pressure, established  by Volvo, which  is based on the type of tires
that are mounted on a  vehicle at the factory. This inflation pressure is affected by the number of occupants in the
vehicle, the amount of cargo, and  the speed at which  the vehicle will be  driven for a  prolonged period. This
information can be  found on the tire inflation placard(s) located on the driver's side B-pillar or on the inside of the fuel
filler  door on Canadian models, and  in the tire inflation table  in this  chapter.
Cold tires : The tires are considered to be  cold when they have the same temperature as the surrounding (ambient)
air. This temperature is normally reached after the vehicle has been parked for at least 3 hours.
pg. 153 Wheels and tires
Vehicle loading
Properly  loading your vehicle will provide maximum return of vehicle design performance.
Before loading your vehicle, familiarize yourself with the following terms for determining your vehicle's weight
ratings, with or without a  trailer, from  the vehicle's Federal/ Canadian Motor Vehicle Safety Standards
(FMVSS/CMVSS) label,  and  the vehicle's tire information placard:
Curb weight
The weight of the vehicle including a  full tank of fuel and  all standard equipment. It does not include  passengers,
cargo, or optional equipment.
Capacity weight
All weight added to the curb weight, including cargo and  optional equipment. When towing, trailer hitch tongue load
is also part of cargo weight.
NOTE: For trailer towing information, please refer  to the section "Towing a  trailer" on page 131
.
Permissible  axle weight
The maximum allowable weight that can be  carried by a  single axle (front or rear).  These numbers  are shown on the
Federal/Canadian Motor Vehicle Safety Standards  (FMVSS/ CMVSS) label.  The total load on each axle must  never
exceed its  maximum permissible weight.
Gross vehicle  weight (GVW)
The vehicle's curb weight +  cargo +  passengers.
NOTE:
 The location of the various  labels in your vehicle can be  found on page 199.
 A table  listing  important weight limits for your vehicle can be  found on page 201.
Steps for Determining Correct Load Limit
- Locate the statement "the  combined  weight of occupants and  cargo should never exceed XXX pounds'' on your
vehicle's placard.
- Determine the combined  weight of the driver and  passengers that will be  riding in your vehicle.
- Subtract the combined  weight of the driver and  passengers from  XXX kilograms or XXX pounds.
- The resulting figure equals the available amount of cargo and  luggage load capacity. For example, if the Ô'XXX''
amount equals 1400 lbs. and  there will be  five 150 lb. passengers in your vehicle, the amount of available cargo and
luggage load capacity is 650 lbs. (1400- 750 (5 x 150) =  650 lbs.)
- Determine the combined  weight of luggage and  cargo being loaded on the vehicle. That weight may not safely
exceed the available cargo and  luggage load capacity calculated in Step 4.
- If your vehicle will be  towing a  trailer, load from  your trailer will be  transferred to your vehicle. Consult this
1
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manual to determine how this  reduces the available cargo and  luggage load capacity of your vehicle.
1. See "Towing a trailer"  on page 131.
pg. 154 Wheels and tires
Vehicle loading
WARNING!
 Exceeding the permissible axle weight, gross vehicle weight, or any  other weight rating limits can cause tire
overheating resulting in permanent deformation or catastrophic failure.
 Do not use replacement  tires with lower load carrying capacities  than the tires that were  original equipment on the
vehicle because this  will lower the vehicle's GVW rating. Replacement tires with a  higher limit than the originals do
not increase the vehicle's GVW rating limitations.
pg. 155 Wheels and tires
Uniform Tire Quality Grading
ALL PASSENGER  VEHICLE TIRES  MUST CONFORM TO  FEDERAL SAFETY  REQUIREMENTS IN
ADDITION TO  THESE GRADES
Quality grades can be found,  where applicable, on the tire sidewall  between the tread shoulder and maximum
section  width.  For example:
Treadwear 200 Traction AA  Temperature A
TREADWEAR
The treadwear  grade is a  comparative  rating based on the wear  rate of the tire when tested under controlled conditions
on a  specified government test course. For example, a  tire graded 150 would wear  one  and  one  half (1 1/2) times as
well on the government course as a  tire graded 100. The relative performance of tires depends upon the actual
conditions of their use, however,  and  many depart significantly from  the norm due  to variation in driving habits,
maintenance practices and  differences  in road characteristics and  climate.
TRACTION
The traction grades, from  highest to lowest, are AA,  A, B, and  C, as measured under controlled conditions on specified
government test surfaces of asphalt and  concrete.  A tire marked C may have poor traction performance.
WARNING!
The traction grade assigned  to this  tire is based on braking (straight-ahead) traction tests and  is not a  measure of
cornering (turning) traction.
TEMPERATURE
The temperature grades are AA  (the highest), A, B, and  C, representing  the tire's resistance  to the generation of heat
and  its  ability to dissipate heat when tested under controlled conditions on a  specified indoor laboratory test wheel.
Sustained high temperature can cause the material of the tire to degenerate and  reduce tire life, and  excessive
temperature can lead to sudden tire failure. The grade C corresponds to a  minimum level  of performance that all
passenger  vehicle tires must  meet  under the Federal Motor Safety Standard No. 109. Grades B and  A represent higher
levels of performance on the laboratory test wheel than the minimum required by law.
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Label information
1. Model plate
Vehicle Identification Number (VIN).  Codes for color and  upholstery, etc.
2. Child safety lock labels
1
3. Federal Motor Vehicle Safety Standards (FMVSS) specifications (USA) and Ministry of Transport (CMVSS)
standards (Canada)
Your Volvo is designed to meet  all applicable safety standards, as evidenced by the certification label  on the facing
side of the driver's door. For further information regarding these regulations,  please consult your Volvo retailer.
4. Loads and Tire Pressures
The appearance of the decal will vary, depending on the market for which  the vehicle is intended.
 Canadian models: upper decal
 U.S. models: lower decal
5. Vehicle Identification Number (VIN)
The VIN plate  is located on the top left surface  of the dashboard. The VIN is also stamped on the right hand  door
pillar.
The Vehicle Identification Number (VIN)  should always be  quoted in all correspondence concerning  your vehicle with
the retailer and  when ordering parts.
6. Vehicle Emission Control Information/ Vacuum hose routing
Your Volvo is designed to meet  all applicable emission standards, as evidenced by the certification label  on the
underside of the hood. For further information regarding these regulations,  please consult your Volvo retailer.
1. Not on vehicles equipped with  the optional power child safety  locks.
pg. 200 Specifications
Dimensions and weights
Dimensions Length 180 in. (458 cm) 
S60R - 181.7 in. (462 cm)
Width 71 in. (180 cm)
S60R - 71 in. (180 cm)
Height 56.2 in. (143 cm)
S60R - 55.7 in. (142 cm)
Wheelbase 107 in. (272 cm)
Front track 61.5 in. (156 cm)
Rear track 61.4 in. (156 cm)
Turning circle 35.4-38.7 ft. 
(10.8-11.8 m)
S60R:  42.7 ft (13 m)
Cargo  capacity, trunk SAE V1 - 13.9 (394)
Max.  loads
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Max. roof load220 lbs (100 kg)
Max. trailer weight:
- without brakes 
- with brakes, 2" ball
1
- with brakes, 1 7/8" ball1650 lbs (750 kg)
3300 lbs (1500 kg)
2000 lbs (900 kg)
Max. tongue weight: 165 lbs (75 kg)
Trailer weights below  2,650 lbs (1,200 kg) 110 lbs (50 kg)
Trailer weights above 2,650 lbs (1,200 kg) 165 lbs (75 kg)
1. When  driving for  prolonged periods  at temperatures  above  86 °F (30  °C), the maximum recommended weight is 2000 lbs  (900 kg).
See also page 131
 for  additional information.
WARNING!
When adding accessories, equipment, luggage and  other cargo to your vehicle, the total capacity weight must  not be
exceeded.
pg. 201 Specifications
Dimensions and weights
Weights
AWD =  All Wheel Drive Gross vehicle  weight
1USA Canada
5-cyl. turbo manual 4430 lbs2010 kg
5-cyl. turbo automatic 4470 lbs2030 kg
5-cyl turbo AWD automatic 4540 lbs2060 kg
5-cyl turbo AWD-R manual/automatic 4540 lbs2060 kg
Capacity weight
5-cyl. turbo 870 lbs395 kg
5 cyl. turbo AWD 805 lbs365 kg
5 cyl. turbo AWD-R 770 Ibs350 kg
Permissible  axle weights, front
1
5-cyl. turbo 2400 lbs1090 kg
5-cyl. turbo AWD automatic 2420 lbs1100 kg
5-cyl. turbo AWD-R manual 2400 lbs1090 kg
5-cyl. turbo AWD-R automatic 2420 lbs1100 kg
Permissible  axle weights, rear
1
5-cyl., 5-cyl. turbo 2220 lbs1010 kg
5-cyl. turbo AWD, AWD-R 2310 lbs1050 kg
Curb weight
5-cyl. turbo 3430-3505 lbs1545-1580 kg
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