REAR AXLE -Differential Carrier
FRICTION PLATE AND FRICTION DISC DISTORTION
CHECK
Apply a dial indicator to the friction plate or disc on a surface
plate and, turning the friction plate or disc, measure the
distortion (flatness).
Limit: 0.08 mm (total runout)
FRICTION PLATE, FRICTION DISC, AND SPRING
PLATE WEAR CHECK
1. For the purpose of determining wear, measure thickness
(A, B) of the friction surface and protrusion at several
places and find the difference between the two.
Limit: 0.1 mm
2. If the wear exceeds the limit, replace the part with a
new one.
A
B
A B
31-1
WHEEL AND TYRE
CONTENTS
GENERAL INFORMATION 2..................
SERVICE SPECIFICATIONS 2.................
TROUBLESHOOTING 3.......................ON-VEHICLE SERVICE 6.....................
Tyre Inflation Pressure Check 6.................
Tyre Wear Check 6............................
Wheel Runout Check 6.........................
WHEEL AND TYRE 6........................
WHEEL AND TYRE -On-vehicle Service/Wheel and Tyre31-6
ON-VEHICLE SERVICE
TYRE INFLATION PRESSURE CHECK
NOTE
For information on tyre inflation pressure, refer to the label
attached near the driver’s side door striker.
TYRE WEAR CHECK
Measure the tread depth of tyres.
Limit: 1.6 mm
If the remaining tread depth is less than the limit, replace
the tyre.
NOTE
When the tread depth of tyres is reduced to 1.6 mm or less,
wear indicators will appear.
WHEEL RUNOUT CHECK
Jack up the vehicle so that the wheels are clear of the floor.
While slowly turning the wheel, measure wheel runout with
a dial indicator.
Limit:
ItemSteel wheelAluminium wheel
Radial runout mm1.21.0
Lateral runout mm1.21.0
If wheel runout exceeds the limit, replace the wheel.
WHEEL AND TYRE
Caution
If the vehicle is equipped with the Brembo disc brake,
during maintenance, take care not to contact the parts
or tools to the caliper because the paint of caliper will
be scratched.
INSTALLATION SERVICE POINT
Tighten the wheel nut to the specified torque.
Tightening torque: 98¶10 N·m
Radial
Lateral
BASIC BRAKE SYSTEM -On-vehicle Service35A-13
(5) Apply repair kit grease to the portions of the pads
indicated on the left. At this time, make sure that
the grease will not be applied to any other surfaces.
(6) Mount the pads to the caliper so that its side with
the wear indicator is on the outside of the vehicle.
With the rear pads, ensure that the arrow on the
pad faces in the same direction as the brake disc
turns when the vehicle moves forward.
(7) Holding the cross spring with one hand, fit pins in
the caliper.
(8) Using a spring balance, measure the turning sliding
resistance of the hub in the forward direction.
(9) Find the brake disc drag force [the difference in
measurements taken in step(3) and in step(8)].
Standard value: 69 N or less
DISC BRAKE ROTOR CHECK
Caution
When servicing disc brakes, it is necessary to exercise caution to keep the disc brakes within
the allowable service values in order to maintain normal brake operation.
Before re-finishing or re-processing the brake disc surface, the following conditions should be checked.
Inspection itemsRemarks
Scratches, rust, saturated lining materials
and wearDIf the vehicle is not driven for a certain period, the sections of
the discs that are not in contact with lining will become rusty, causing
noise and shuddering.
DIf grooves resulting from excessive disc wear and scratches are
not removed prior to installing a new pad assembly, there will
momentarily be inappropriate contact between the disc and the
lining (pad).
Run-out or driftExcessive run-out or drift of the discs will increase the pedal depression
resistance due to piston knock-back.
Change in thickness (parallelism)If the thickness of the disc changes, this will cause pedal pulsation,
shuddering and surging.
Inset or warping (flatness)Overheating and improper handling while servicing will cause inset or
warping.
Front Rear
Cross
spring
Pins
BASIC BRAKE SYSTEM -On-vehicle Service35A-14
BRAKE DISC THICKNESS CHECK
Caution: Brembo disc brake
Take care not to contact the parts or tools to the caliper
because the paint of caliper will be scratched. And if
there is brake fluid on the caliper, wipe out quickly.
1. Using a micrometer, measure disc thickness at eight
positions, approximately 45°apart and 10 mm in from
the outer edge of the disc.
Brake disc thickness
Standard value: 24.0 mm
Limit: 22.4 mm
Brake disc thickness
Standard value:32.0 mm
Limit: 29.8 mm
Thickness variation (at least 8 positions)
The difference between any thickness measurements
should not be more than 0.015 mm.
2. If the disc is beyond the limits for thickness, remove it
and install a new one. If thickness variation exceeds the
specification, replace the brake disc or grind it with
on-the-car type brake lathe (“MAD, DL-8700PF” or
equivalent).
Caution
(1) After a new brake disc is installed, always grind
the brake disc with on-the-car type brake lathe.If
this step is not carried out, the brake disc run-out
exceeds the specified value, resulting in judder.
(2) When the on-the-car type lathe is used, first install
M12 flat washer on the stud bolt in the brake disc
side according to the figure, and then install the
adapter. If the adapter is installed with M12 flat
washer not seated, the brake disc rotor may be
deformed, resulting in inaccurate grinding.
(3) Grind the brake disc with all wheel nuts diagonally
and equally tightened to the specified torque 100
N·m. When all numbers of wheel nuts are not used,
or the tightening torque is excessive or not equal,
the brake disc rotor or drum may be deformed,
resulting in judder.
BRAKE DISC RUN-OUT CHECK AND
CORRECTION
Caution: Brembo disc brake
Take care not to contact the parts or tools to the caliper
because the paint of caliper will be scratched. And if
there is brake fluid on the caliper, wipe out quickly.
1. Remove the brake assembly, and then hold it with wire.
2. Temporarily install the disc with the hub nut.
M12 flat washer
M12 flat washer
BASIC BRAKE SYSTEM -On-vehicle Service35A-15
3. Place a dial gauge approximately 5 mm from the outer
circumference of the brake disc, and measure the run-out
of the disc.
Limit: 0.03 mm or less
4. If the brake disc run-out exceeds the limit, correct it as
follows:
(1) Chalk phase marks on the wheel stud and the brake
disc, which run-out is excessive.
(2) Remove the brake disc. Then place a dial gauge
as shown, and measure the wheel bearing axial play
by pushing and pulling the wheel hub.
Limit: 0.06 mm
(3) If the wheel bearing axial play exceeds the limit,
disassemble the hub and knuckle assembly to check
each part.
(4) If the wheel bearing axial play does not exceed the
limit, dephase the brake disc and secure it. Then
recheck the brake disc run-out.
5. If the run-out cannot be corrected by changing the phase
of the brake disc, replace the brake disc or grind it with
the on-the-car type brake lathe ( “MAD, DL-8700PF” or
equivalent).
Caution
(1) After a new brake disc is installed, always grind
the brake disc with on-the-car type brake lathe.
If this step is not carried out, the brake disc run-out
exceeds the specified value, resulting in judder.
(2) When the on-the-car type lathe is used, first install
M12 flat washer on the stud bolt in the brake disc
side according to the figure, and then install the
adapter. If the adapter is installed with M12 flat
washer not seated, the brake disc rotor may be
deformed, resulting in inaccurate grinding.
(3) Grind the brake disc with all wheel nuts diagonally
and equally tightened to the specified torque 100
N·m. When all numbers of wheel nuts are not used,
or the tightening torque is excessive or not equal,
the brake disc rotor or drum may be deformed,
resulting in judder.
M12 flat washer
M12 flat washer
35B-1
ANTI-SKID
BRAKING SYSTEM
(ABS) <4WD>
CONTENTS
GENERAL INFORMATION 2..................
SERVICE SPECIFICATIONS 3.................
LUBRICANTS Refer to GROUP 35A..........
SEALANT Refer to GROUP 35A..............
SPECIAL TOOLS 4...........................
TROUBLESHOOTING 4.......................
ON-VEHICLE SERVICE 26....................
Brake Pedal Check and Adjustment
Refer to GROUP 35A ..........................
Brake Booster Operating Test
Refer to GROUP 35A ..........................
Check Valve Operation Check
Refer to GROUP 35A ..........................
Bleeding Refer to GROUP 35A..................
Brake Fluid Level Sensor Check
Refer to GROUP 35A ..........................
Disc Brake Pad Check and
Replacement Refer to GROUP 35A..............Disc Brake Rotor Check Refer to GROUP 35A...
Brake Disc Thickness Check
Refer to GROUP 35A ..........................
Brake Disc Run-out Check and Correction
Refer to GROUP 35A ..........................
Wheel Speed Sensor Output Voltage Check
26 ............................................
Hydraulic Unit Check 28........................
Remedy for a Flat Battery 29...................
BRAKE PEDAL Refer to GROUP 35A........
MASTER CYLINDER AND BRAKE
BOOSTER Refer to GROUP 35A............
DISC BRAKE Refer to GROUP 35A..........
HYDRAULIC UNIT AND ABS-ECU 30.........
WHEEL SPEED SENSOR 33..................
G SENSORS AND STEERING WHEEL
SENSOR 35..................................
STEERING -On-vehicle Service37A-9
POWER STEERING FLUID LEVEL CHECK
1. Park the vehicle on a flat, level surface, start the engine,
and then turn the steering wheel several times to raise
the temperature of the fluid to approximately 50 - 60_C.
2. With the engine running, turn the wheel all the way to
the left and right several times.
3. Check the fluid in the oil reservoir for foaming or milkiness.
Check the difference of the fluid level when the engine
is stopped, and while it is running. If the change of the
fluid level is 5 mm or more, air bleeding should be done.
POWER STEERING FLUID REPLACEMENT
1. Raise the front wheels on a jack, and then support them
with rigid racks.
2. Disconnect the return hose connection.
3. Connect a vinyl hose to the return hose, and drain the
oil into a container.
4. Disconnect the ignition coil connectors. (Refer to
GROUP16 - Ignition System.)
5. While operating the starting motor intermittently, turn the
steering wheel all the way to the left and right several
times to drain all of the fluid.
6. Connect the return hoses securely, and then secure it
with the clip.
7. Fill the oil reservoir with specified fluid up to the lower
position of the filter, and then bleed air.
Specified fluid:
Automatic transmission fluid DEXRONII
Caution
Do not use ATF-SPIIM and ATF-SPIII.
POWER STEERING SYSTEM BLEEDING
1. Jack up the vehicle and support the front wheels with
rigid racks.
2. Disconnect the ignition coil connectors. (Refer to
GROUP16 - Ignition System.)
3. Cranking the engine with the starter several times
intermittently (during 15 to 20 seconds), turn the steering
wheel left and right fully five or six times.
Caution
(1) During the bleeding, refill the fluid so that the
level never falls below the lower position of the
filter.
(2) Be sure to bleed air only while cranking. If the
bleeding is done with the engine running, the air
will be broken up and absorbed into the fluid.
4. Connect the ignition coil connectors and idle the engine.
5. Turn the steering wheel left and right fully until no bubbles
comes out in the oil reservoir.
6. See that the fluid is not milky and that the fluid level
is up to the specified position on the level gauge.
7. See that the fluid level changes little when the steering
wheel is turned left and right.
8. Check difference in fluid levels between the engine
stopped and running.
Fluid level change: Within 5 mm
While engine
runningWhile engine
stopped
Return hose
Vinyl hose