2006 MERCEDES-BENZ SPRINTER tire pressure

1.0 INTRODUCTION
The procedures contained in this manual include
all the specifications, instructions, and graphics
needed to diagnose the Sprinter Chassis system
problems: Bosch 5.7 ABS/ESP/TCS (ASR) Braking
System. The diagnostics in this manual are based
on the failure condition or symptom being present
at time of diagnosis.
Please follow the recommendations below when
choosing your diagnostic path.
1. First make sure the DRBIIItis communicating
with the vehicle system being diagnosed. If the
DRBIIItdisplays a ``No Response'' condition, you
must diagnose that first.
2. Read DTC's (diagnostic trouble codes) with the
DRBIIIt.
3. If no DTC's are present, identify the customer
complaint.
4. Once the DTC or customer complaint is iden-
tified locate the matching test in the Table of
Contents and begin to diagnose the system.
All component location views are in Section 8.0.
All connector pinouts are in Section 9.0. All sche-
matics are in Section 10.0.
When repairs are required, refer to the appropri-
ate service manual for the proper removal and
repair procedure.
Diagnostic procedures change every year. New
diagnostic systems may be added; carryover sys-
tems maybe enhanced. READ THIS MANUAL BE-
FORE TRYING TO DIAGNOSE A VEHICLE DI-
AGNOSTIC TROUBLE CODE. It is recommended
that you review the entire manual to become famil-
iar with all new and changed diagnostic procedures.
This manual reflects many suggested changes
from readers of past issues. After using this man-
ual, if you have any comments or recommendations,
please fill out the form at the back of the manual
and mail it back.
1.1 SYSTEM COVERAGE
This diagnostic procedure manual covers the An-
tilock Braking System (ABS), the Electronic Stabil-
ity Program (ESP) and the Traction Control System
(TCS) found on the Sprinter.
1.2 SIX-STEP TROUBLESHOOTING
PROCEDURE
Diagnosis of the Antilock Brake Systems is done
in six basic steps:
²Verification of complaint
²Verification of any related symptoms
²Symptom analysis
²Problem isolation
²Repair of isolated problem
²Verification of proper operation
2.0 INDENTIFICATION OF
SYSTEM
The Bosch 5.7 system can be identified by the 42
way Controller Antilock Brake (CAB), Hydraulic
Control Unit (HCU) and Pump Motor being an
integral electronic/hydraulic unit mounted below
the Master Cylinder with four Wheel Speed Sen-
sors, one at each wheel.
Vehicles with the Traction Control System (TCS/
ASR) can be identified by the presence of the
Traction Control System Switch (TCCS) located on
the center instrument panel.
Vehicles with Electronic Stability Program (ESP)
can be identified by the presence of the Steering
Angle Sensor and the Lateral Acceleration/Yaw
Sensor.
3.0 SYSTEM DESCRIPTION AND
FUNCTIONAL OPERATION
3.1 ESP
The ESP system consists of the electronic control/
hydraulic unit, steering angle sensor, lateral
acceleration/yaw sensor and wheel speed sensors.
When the vehicle is in a turn, the ESP looks at the
steering wheel angle sensor value and monitors the
wheel speed of the inner and outer wheels to ensure
the values are plausible. The steering angle sensor
also measures the speed at which the steering
wheel is turned.
The ESP control module is very similar to the
ABS/ASR module. The ESP is comprised of several
other systems, namely theHBA, ABS, TCS (ASR),
EBDandFZRsystems.
3.2 ABS
The Controller Antilock Brake (CAB) is used to
monitor wheel speeds and modulates (controls) hy-
draulic pressure in each brake channel. The modu-
lated hydraulic pressure is used to prevent wheel
lock up during braking and maintain vehicle stabil-
ity. The CAB also provides a vehicle speed signal
(VSS) to the Electronic Control Module (ECM).
During a non-ABS stop, the system functions as a
standard braking system. The CAB uses special
sortware that monitors the wheel speed(s) and
when certain criteria are met, the software will
1
GENERAL INFORMATION

enable the HCU to perform the brake fluid manage-
ment control as the combination/proportioning
valves.
The Bosch 5.7 system uses the CAB/HCU/Pump
Motor to make an integral electronic/hydraulic unit
which shares data with other electronic modules on
the vehicle via the CAN C Bus network. To access
DTCs from the CAB, the DRBIIItuses the K-ABS
line located in the Data Link Connector (DLC).
3.3 BRAKE ASSIST SYSTEM (HBA)
The Brake Assist System (HBA) analyzes how
hard and fast the driver wants to brake. It monitors
the brake pressure via a pressure sensor. The
passenger car brake assist system uses a vacuum
booster solenoid. The Sprinter uses the hydraulic
control unit to develop the brake pressure.
3.4 TCS (ASR)
The primary function of the Traction Control System
is to reduce wheel slip and maintain traction at the
driven wheels when the road surfaces are slippery. The
Traction Control System reduces wheel slip by applying
the brake that has lost traction. The system is designed
to operate at speeds below 50 km/h (30 mph). The
engine's torque can be reduced by the ECM via the CAN
C Bus, if necessary. The TCS can be deactivated with
switch on the dash. The Traction Control System uses
the ABS to indicate spinning tires to enable the traction
control function. The TCS software is in the CAB.
The TCS (ASR) performs the following functions:
1. Engine power derate
2. Engine deceleration regulation. If the vehicle is
on a patch of ice, the simple action of releasing
the throttle is enough to cause the rear wheels to
slip. To avoid this, the throttle input is regulated
so power drops slowly instead of abruptly. The
engine power is reduced (decelerated) as neces-
sary.
3.5 ELECTRONIC BRAKE DISTRIBUTION
(EBD)
The system was enhanced and eliminates the
need for the ALB system (load sensing valve). All
ESP equipped models will not have ALB. The EBV
system self-adapts to operating conditions. It de-
tects the vehicle's payload when the vehicle starts
and pulls away. Based on the acceleration rate
when the vehicle first pulls away from a standstill,
the system is able to calculate the actual payload.
This is a rough estimate which is used initially.
Later on, the system gathers more precise informa-
tion by monitoring the brake pressure and wheel
speed and negative slip when the driver applies thebrakes. The system will then produce a more accu-
rate calculation of payload depending on brake
retardation. The adaptation is erased when the
ignition is switched off. A new adaptation will occur
on the next driving cycle. By default, the system
acts upon the vehicle as if in an unloaded condition
(safe mode).
Once a new driving cycle begins with the vehicle
in a fully loaded condition (without having gathered
more precise information) the system will detect
ABS actuation in the front wheels and will allow
enough pressure to be applied to the rear axle, to an
extent where the wheels are just about to lock up
(maximum braking possible).
The system calculates the braking force at the
front and rear axles. If the driver applies the brakes
gently and then realizes he needs to apply the
brakes further, the EBV allows the proper pressure
to be applied to the front and rear brakes.
The EBV also contains a feature called ªcorner
brake systemº (CBS) which operates when the ve-
hicle is braked while cornering to avoid a possible
oversteering condition. The EBV monitors the
wheel speed of both rear wheels to detect when the
vehicle is cornering and allows precise brake pres-
sure application to the front and rear brakes. Also
when the brakes are applied during cornering, the
outer wheels get more of the vehicle's weight while
the inner wheels get less weight and could lose
traction (wheel lock up). The EBV system splits the
pressure between left and right sides in addition to
front and rear brakes.
3.6 VEHICLE CONTROLLING (FZR)
Vehicle controlling (FZR)requires additional
sensors to operate. The term ESP refers to the
software of the system. The term FZR refers to the
system controller. The TCS (ASR) system requires
wheel speed sensors to monitor wheel slip and CAN
bus communications to regulate engine power. In
addition to these inputs, the vehicle controlling
(FZR) requires a steering angle sensor, and a lateral
acceleration/yaw rate sensor.
The ESP system does not take the vehicle load
into account. Instead, the coefficient of friction is
calculated in a 20 millisecond period, where the
controller measures the rate at which the wheel
speed is decelerated, as brake pressure is applied to
the wheel.
3.7 SYSTEM COMPONENTS
²Controller Antilock Brake (CAB)
²Hydraulic Control Unit (HCU)
²Pump Motor
2
GENERAL INFORMATION

read opposite switch states.Note: The BS and
BLS are in the same switch housing.
BRAKE LAMP SWITCH (BLS):This switch pre-
pares the CAB for a possible antilock event. The
CAB uses an output state voltage from the BLS
when the brake pedal is either depressed/released.
The Fused Ignition Switch Output circuit supplies
12 volts to the BLS. A depressed brake pedal will
close the BLS circuit and the BLS Output circuit
supplies 12 volts at the CAB. When the driver
releases the brake pedal, the BLS Output circuit
voltage drops to 0 volts and the CAB senses the
brake pedal state. This tells the CAB what position
the brake pedal is currently in to make an ABS
event possible. When using the DRBIIItin Inputs/
Outputs, the BS and BLS will read opposite switch
states.Note: The BS and BLS are in the same
switch housing.
TRACTION CONTROL SYSTEM SWITCH
(TCSS):This switch signals the CAB to either turn
ON or OFF the TCS. The driver can toggle the
TCSS, which receives 12 volts from the D (+) Relay
Output circuit. Depending on the position of the
TCSS, open or closed, the CAB receives the TCSS
state voltage on the TCS Switch Sense circuit.
When 12 volts are applied to the TCS Switch Sense
circuit, the TCS is OFF. When no voltage is present,
the TCS is ON.
WHEEL SPEED SENSORS AND TONE
WHEELS:The Bosch 5.7 system uses one passive
WSS on each wheel. The sensor measures the wheel
speed by monitoring a rotating tone wheel. As the
teeth of the tone wheel move through the magnetic
field of the sensor an AC voltage and amperage is
generated. This signal frequency increases or de-
creases proportionally to the speed of the wheel.
The CAB monitors this signal to check for a sudden
change in single or multiple wheel decelerations. If
the deceleration of one or more wheels is not within
a predetermined amount, the CAB takes control for
antilock action through the HCU. Each WSS has a
magnetic inductive pick up coil (WSS) that is
mounted to a fixed component. There is an air gap
between the tone wheel and the speed sensor as-
sembly. Diagnostically, the coils of the Wheel Speed
Sensors have the same amount of resistance. When
measured across the CAB harness connector termi-
nals, the resistance should be between 1100 - 1800
ohms. Refer to service manual for WSS replacement
and air gap specifications.
Correct ABS operation is dependent on Tone
Wheel speed signal from the WSS. The vehicle
wheels and tires should all be the same size and
type to get accurate signals. In addition, all tires
should be at recommended tire pressures.3.7.5 SELF TESTS
The system software includes several self tests
that are performed every time the ignition is turned
on and the vehicle is driven. Some of the self tests
occur immediately, while others occur under normal
driving conditions while not in antilock operation.
The CAB checks continuously for a missing or
erratic WSS signals/circuits, tone wheels, solenoids,
pump motor or solenoid relay by performing several
tests such as: dynamic, static, ohmic, voltage drop,
and timed response. If any component exhibits a
fault during testing, the CAB will request to illumi-
nate the ABS and TCS warning indicators.
As an additional check of the ESP system, a road
test procedure is available on the DRBIIIt. This
test should be carried out when any ESP component
is replaced in order to ensure proper function. Since
the wheel speed sensors are required inputs to the
ESP, this test should also be performed if the wheel
speed sensors are replaced.
First, the brakes are applied with the vehicle
stationary. Then, the vehicle is driven at approxi-
mately 6 MPH. The driver has to make left and
right turns, with a minimum 90 degree steering
turning angle. If the indicator lamp goes out, every-
thing is in order. If the lamp remains illuminated,
the DRBIIItwill display the fault codes that are
causing the test to fail. The road test function is set
in the ESP control module, and can only be deacti-
vated once there are no more fault codes detected.
The Steering Angle Sensor must be initialized. A
procedure is carried out using the DRBIIItto
ensure that the module detects the exact position of
the sensor. The sensor must be calibrated any time
wheel alignment is changed, the steering column is
removed and re-installed, or the sensor is replaced.
3.8 USING THE DRBIIIT
Refer to the DRBIIItuser 's guide for instructions
and assistance with reading diagnostic trouble
codes, erasing diagnostic trouble codes and other
DRBIIItfunctions.
3.9 DRBIIITERROR MESSAGES
Under normal operation, the DRBIIItwill dis-
play one of only two error messages:
Ð User-Requested WARM Boot or User-Requested
COLD Boot.
If the DRBIIItshould display any other error
message, record the entire display and call the
STAR Center for information and assistance. This
is a sample of such an error message display:
4
GENERAL INFORMATION

TEST ACTION APPLICABILITY
3 Turn the ignition off.
WARNING: HIGH-PRESSURE FUEL LINES DELIVER DIESEL FUEL UN-
DER EXTREME PRESSURE FROM THE INJECTION PUMP TO THE FUEL
INJECTORS. THIS MAY BE AS HIGH AS 23,200 PSI (1600 BAR). USE
EXTREME CAUTION WHEN INSPECTING FOR HIGH-PRESSURE FUEL
LEAKS.
WARNING: FUEL UNDER THIS AMOUNT OF PRESSURE CAN PENE-
TRATE SKIN CAUSING PERSONAL INJURY OR DEATH. INSPECT FOR
HIGH-PRESSURE FUEL LEAKS WITH A SHEET OF CARDBOARD. WEAR
SAFETY GOGGLES AND ADEQUATE PROTECTIVE CLOTHING WHEN
SERVICING FUEL SYSTEM.
Inspect the entire fuel system for leakage.
Is there any evidence of leakage?All
Ye s!Repair as necessary in accordance with the Service Information.
Perform ROAD TEST VERIFICATION - VER-2.
No!Go To 4
4NOTE: Mixing any other fuels such as gasoline or kerosine can cause this
DTC to set.
Turn the ignition off.
WARNING: HIGH-PRESSURE FUEL LINES DELIVER DIESEL FUEL UN-
DER EXTREME PRESSURE FROM THE INJECTION PUMP TO THE FUEL
INJECTORS. THIS MAY BE AS HIGH AS 23,200 PSI (1600 BAR). USE
EXTREME CAUTION WHEN INSPECTING FOR HIGH-PRESSURE FUEL
LEAKS.
WARNING: FUEL UNDER THIS AMOUNT OF PRESSURE CAN PENE-
TRATE SKIN CAUSING PERSONAL INJURY OR DEATH. INSPECT FOR
HIGH-PRESSURE FUEL LEAKS WITH A SHEET OF CARDBOARD. WEAR
SAFETY GOGGLES AND ADEQUATE PROTECTIVE CLOTHING WHEN
SERVICING FUEL SYSTEM.
Refer to the Service Information and inspect the fuel system for contamination.
Is the fuel contaminated?All
Ye s!Repair as necessary in accordance with the Service Information.
Perform ROAD TEST VERIFICATION - VER-2.
No!Go To 5
11 9
DRIVEABILITY - DIESEL
P2015-FUEL RAIL PRESSURE MALFUNCTION MAXIMUM FUEL FLOW
EXCEEDED Ð
Continued

effect panels. If necessary, remove the wheels from
the lifted end of the vehicle and lower the vehicle
closer to the ground, to increase the ground clearance
at the opposite end of the vehicle. Install lug nuts on
wheel attaching studs to retain brake drums.
RAMP ANGLE
If a vehicle with flat-bed towing equipment is used,
the approach ramp angle should not exceed 15
degrees.
TOWING WHEN KEYS ARE NOT AVAILABLE
When the vehicle is locked and keys are not avail-
able, use a flat bed hauler. A Wheel-lift or Sling-type
device can be used provided all the wheels are lifted
off the ground using tow dollies.
MAINTENANCE SCHEDULES
DESCRIPTION
The use of special lubricant additives is not recom-
mended. The use of such additives may affect the
warranty rights. With regard to legal stipulations
concerning emissions control, please note that
engines have to be serviced and adjusted in accor-
dance with special instructions and using special
measuring equipment. Modifications to or interfer-
ence with the emissions control systems are not per-
missible.
MAINTENANCE - WITHOUT ASSYST MAINTE-
NANCE COMPUTER
Maintenance Intervals
²Oil service ±Normal Operationevery 10,000
miles or 16,000 km or 12 months.
²Maintenance service every 30,000 miles or
48,000 km.
Additional work must be carried out at yearly
intervals.
MAINTENANCE - WITH ASSYST MAINTENANCE
COMPUTER
ASSYST provides information on the best possible
timing for maintenance work.
When the next maintenance service is due, this
will be indicated in the multi-function display with
the wrench icon symbol displayed in km/miles or
days.
²One wrench icon showing indicates Oil Service
is necessary.
²Two wrench icons showing indicates Mainte-
nance Service is necessary ± displayed in km/miles or
days.
If the display shows the number of days, a clock
symbol will also appear in the multi-function display.You should have the maintenance performed
within the stated period/distance.
The service indicator will be reset after an oil ser-
vice and/or maintenance service has been performed.
REGULAR CHECK - UPS
To maintain the safe operation of the vehicle, it is
recommended that the following tasks be performed
on a regular basis (i.e. weekly or whenever the vehi-
cle is refueled). Check:
²Engine oil level
²Brake system - fluid level
²Battery - acid level
²Windshield washer system and headlamp clean-
ing system - fluid level
²Mechanical assemblies (e.g. engine, transmis-
sion, etc.) - check for leaks
²Condition of tires and tires pressures
²All exterior lights
SPECIAL MAINTENANCE REQUIREMENTS
If bodies built by manufacturers other than
DaimlerChrysler Corporation are fitted to the vehi-
cle, the maintenance requirements and lubrication
intervals specified by the body manufacturer must be
adhered to, in addition to all standard maintenance
requirements.
Coolant
Corrosion inhibitor/antifreeze concentration in the
coolant should be checked before the onset of winter
(once year in countries with high prevailing temper-
atures).
Replace the coolant every five years or 100,000
miles.
Dust Filter for Heating / Ventilation Replacement
The dust filter and the tailgate interior filter are to
be renewed during routine maintenance service. If
operating conditions are dusty, these filters should be
renewed more frequently.
ENGINE OIL CHANGE AND FILTER REPLACEMENT
At a minimum, change the engine oil and oil filter
once a year ± even if the vehicle mileage per year is
extremely low. For standard oil service schedules
refer to the chapter oil service and maintenance ser-
vice.
Once a Year
Select the viscosity of the engine oil (SAE classes)
according to the outside air temperature.
Only use engine oil approved by DaimlerChrysler
Corporation if following the ASSYST system guide-
lines.
0 - 8 LUBRICATION & MAINTENANCEVA

SCOPE OF WORK FOR MAINTENANCE SERVICE
Oil Service
²Engine: Oil change and filter replacement
Check fluid levels of the following system, refill as neces-
sary.
²If fluid is lost, trace and eliminate cause - as a
separate order.
²Power-assisted steering
Lubrication work:
²Trailer tow hitch (original equipment)
Maintenance
²ASSYST maintenance computer reset
Function check
²Signalling system, warning and indicator lamps
²Headlamps, exterior lighting
²Windshield wipers, windshield washer system
Check for leaks and damage
²Check for abrasion points and ensure that lines
are correctly routed!
²All lines and hoses, sensor cables
²Rubber boots on front axle drive shafts, rubber
boots on front axle suspension ball joints, shock
absorbers
²Check fluid levels for the following systems, cor-
rect as necessary
NOTE: Should there be a loss of fluid which cannot
be explained by regular use, trace and eliminate the
cause.
²Engine cooling system. Check corrosion inhibi-
tor/antifreeze, refill as necessary.
²Hydraulic brake system
²Battery
²Windshield washer system
Engine
²Fuel filter renewal - Every oil service
²Air cleaner with maintenance indicator:
²Check degree of contamination.
²Air cleaner filter element renewed as necessary.
Chassis and body
²Trailer coupling: Check operation, play and
retaining fixtures
²Secondary rubber springs: Visual check
²Tire pressures: Correct as necessary, including
spare tire
²Check thickness of brake pads
²Brake test
²Check condition of steering mechanism
²Heating/ventilation dust filter renewal
ADDITIONAL MAINTENANCE WORK
Automatic transmission once only at 80,000 miles / 128000
km
²Oil and filter change
During every second maintenance service
²Air cleaner without maintenance indicator:
²Air cleaner filter element renewal
²Check poly-V-belt for wear and signs of damage
During every fourth maintenance service
²Change rear axle fluid
ADDITIONAL MAINTENANCE WORK AFTER YEARS
Every 2 years
²Change brake fluid.
Every 3 years
²Air cleaner filter element renewal (note installa-
tion date)
Every 15 years or 100,000 miles
²Coolant renewal
²Note coolant composition
INTERNATIONAL SYMBOLS
DESCRIPTION
DaimlerChrysler Corporation uses international
symbols to identify engine compartment lubricant
and fluid inspection and fill locations (Fig. 3).
Fig. 3 INTERNATIONAL SYMBOLS
VALUBRICATION & MAINTENANCE 0 - 9

(6) Seperate the tie rod off the steering knuckle
(Fig. 8) using special tool C-3894±A.
NOTE: In order to remove tension from the strut,
Raise the lower control arm approximately 10 mm
with a jack.
(7) Remove the strut bolts from the steering
knuckle (Fig. 8).
(8) Remove the stop plate bolts and rotate the
plate upwards with the stabilizer link attached (Fig.
8).
(9) Lower the lower control arm.
(10) Remove the lower ball joint nut from the
steering knuckle (Fig. 8).
(11) Separate the lower ball joint from the knuckle
using special tool 9282.
(12) Remove the lower control arm nuts and bolts
from the frame (Fig. 8).
(13) Remove the lower control arm.
INSTALLATION
(1) Install the lower control arm to the frame.
Hand tighten the nuts and bolts.
NOTE: In order to remove tension from the strut,
Raise the lower control arm approximately 10 mm
with a jack.(2) Install the lower ball joint into the steering
knuckle. Tighten to 280 N´m (206 ft. lbs.).
(3) Install the strut bolts to the steering knuckle
(Fig. 8). Tighten to 185 N´m (136 ft. lbs.).
(4) Install the stop plate (Refer to 2 - SUSPEN-
SION/FRONT/SPRING STOP PLATES - INSTALLA-
TION).
(5) Lower the lower control arm.
(6) Attach the tie rod to the steering knuckle (Fig.
8). Tighten the nut to 130 N´m (96 ft. lbs.)
(7) Install the disc brake caliper adapter (Refer to
5 - BRAKES/HYDRAULIC/MECHANICAL/DISC
BRAKE CALIPER ADAPTER - INSTALLATION)
(Fig. 8).
(8) Install the front tire & wheel assembly (Refer
to 22 - TIRES/WHEELS/WHEELS - INSTALLA-
TION).
(9) Lower the vehicle.
(10) Remove the spring blocks between the spring
and the spring clamp plates, While the vehicles
wheels are on the ground.
(11) Roll the vehicle approximately 1 mm forwards
and the backwards, and rock firmly.
(12) Tighten the lower control arm nuts and bolts
to the frame to 150 N´m (110 ft. lbs.) (Fig. 8).
(13) Apply brake to actuate brake pressure.
SPRING
REMOVAL
(1)To do this next step the vehicle must be
on the ground.Remove the front and rear bolts on
the left and right spring clamp plates (Fig. 9).
(2) Raise and support the vehicle.
(3) Remove the front wheels.
(4) Remove the brake caliper adapter (Refer to 5 -
BRAKES/HYDRAULIC/MECHANICAL/DISC
BRAKE CALIPER ADAPTER - REMOVAL).Do not
allow the caliper to hang by the hose, support
the caliper accordingly.
(5) Remove the ABS sensor from the mounting
bore in the steering knuckle (Fig. 9).
(6) Remove the outer tie rod retaining nut and
separate the tie rod from the knuckle (Fig. 9) using
special tool C-3894±A.
NOTE: In order to remove tension from the strut,
Raise the lower control arm approximately 10 mm
with a jack.
(7) Remove the strut bolts from the steering
knuckle.
(8) Remove both stop plate bolts and rotate the
plates upwards with the stabilizer link attached.
(9) Lower the lower control arm.
(10) Remove the lower ball joint nut from the
steering knuckle.
Fig. 8 LOWER CONTROL ARM
1 - STRUT
2 - LOWER CONTROL ARM BOLT
3 - STOP PLATE BOLT
4 - STOP PLATE
5 - CALIPER ADPTER BOLT
6 - DISC BRAKE CALIPER
7 - LOCKING BOLT
8 - DISC BRAKE ROTOR
9 - OUTER TIE ROD END RETAINING NUT
10 - OUTER TIE ROD END
11 - LOWER BALL JOINT NUT
12 - LOWER BALL JOINT
13 - LOWER CONTROL ARM NUTS
14 - STRUT BOLT
VAFRONT 2 - 7

WHEEL ALIGNMENT
TABLE OF CONTENTS
page page
WHEEL ALIGNMENT
DESCRIPTION........................17
DIAGNOSIS AND TESTING - PRE-ALIGNMENT
INSPECTION.........................17STANDARD PROCEDURE - TOE
ADJUSTMENT........................18
SPECIFICATIONS.....................19
WHEEL ALIGNMENT
DESCRIPTION
NOTE: Camber and Caster are not adjustable on
this vehicle. (TOE ONLY).
NOTE: Suspension components with rubber/ure-
thane bushings should be tightened with the vehi-
cle at normal ride height. It is important to have the
springs supporting the weight of the vehicle when
the fasteners are torqued. If springs are not at their
normal ride position, vehicle ride comfort could be
affected and premature bushing wear may occur.
Wheel alignment involves the correct positioning of
the wheels in relation to the vehicle. The positioning
is accomplished through suspension and steering
linkage adjustments. An alignment is considered
essential for efficient steering, good directional stabil-
ity and to minimize tire wear. The most important
measurements of an alignment are caster, camber
and toe (Fig. 1).
CAUTION: Never attempt to modify suspension or
steering components by heating or bending.
DIAGNOSIS AND TESTING - PRE - ALIGNMENT
INSPECTION
Before starting wheel alignment, the following
inspection and necessary corrections must be com-
pleted. Refer to Suspension and Steering System
Diagnosis Chart below for additional information.
(1) Inspect tires for size, air pressure and tread
wear.
(2) Inspect front wheel bearings for wear.
(3) Inspect front wheels for excessive radial or lat-
eral runout and balance.
(4) Inspect ball studs, linkage pivot points and
steering gear for looseness, roughness or binding.
(5) Inspect suspension components for wear and
noise.
(6) Road test the vehicle.
Fig. 1 Wheel Alignment Measurements
1 - FRONT OF VEHICLE
2 - STEERING AXIS INCLINATION
3 - PIVOT POINT
4 - TOE-IN
VAWHEEL ALIGNMENT 2 - 17