2005 NISSAN X-TRAIL Coolant system

GI-48
TERMINOLOGY

TERMINOLOGYPFP:00011
SAE J1930 Terminology List EAS000GH
All emission related terms used in this publication in accordance with SAE J1930 are listed. Accordingly, new
terms, new acronyms/abbreviations and old terms are listed in the following chart.
NEW TERMNEW ACRONYM /
ABBREVIATIONOLD TERM
Air cleaner ACL Air cleaner
Barometric pressure BARO ***
Barometric pressure sensor-BCDD BAROS-BCDD BCDD
Camshaft position CMP ***
Camshaft position sensor CMPS Crank angle sensor
Canister *** Canister
Carburetor CARB Carburetor
Charge air cooler CAC Intercooler
Closed loop CL Closed loop
Closed throttle position switch CTP switch Idle switch
Clutch pedal position switch CPP switch Clutch switch
Continuous fuel injection system CFI system ***
Continuous trap oxidizer system CTOX system ***
Crankshaft position CKP ***
Crankshaft position sensor CKPS ***
Data link connector DLC ***
Data link connector for CONSULT-II DLC for CONSULT-II Diagnostic connector for CONSULT-II
Diagnostic test mode DTM Diagnostic mode
Diagnostic test mode selector DTM selector Diagnostic mode selector
Diagnostic test mode I DTM I Mode I
Diagnostic test mode II DTM II Mode II
Diagnostic trouble code DTC Malfunction code
Direct fuel injection system DFI system ***
Distributor ignition system DI system Ignition timing control
Early fuel evaporation-mixture heater EFE-mixture heater Mixture heater
Early fuel evaporation system EFE system Mixture heater control
Electrically erasable programmable read
only memoryEEPROM ***
Electronic ignition system EI system Ignition timing control
Engine control EC ***
Engine control module ECM ECCS control unit
Engine coolant temperature ECT Engine temperature
Engine coolant temperature sensor ECTS Engine temperature sensor
Engine modification EM ***
Engine speed RPM Engine speed
Erasable programmable read only memory EPROM ***
Evaporative emission canister EVAP canister Canister
Evaporative emission system EVAP system Canister control solenoid valve
Exhaust gas recirculation valve EGR valve EGR valve

PRECAUTIONS
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[QR]PRECAUTIONSPFP:00001
Precautions for Drain Engine CoolantEBS00KN0
Drain engine coolant when engine is cooled.
Precautions for Disconnecting Fuel PipingEBS00KN1

Before starting work, make sure no fire or spark producing items are in the work area.

Release fuel pressure before disassembly.

After disconnecting pipes, plug openings to stop fuel leakage.
Precautions for Removal and DisassemblyEBS00KN2

When instructed to use special service tools, use the specified tools. Always be careful to work safely,
avoid forceful or uninstructed operations.

Exercise maximum care to avoid damage to mating or sliding surfaces.

Cover openings of engine system with tape or the equivalent, if necessary, to seal out foreign materials.

Mark and arrange disassembly parts in an organized way for easy troubleshooting and re-assembly.

When loosening nuts and bolts, as a basic rule, start with the one furthest outside, then the one diagonally
opposite, and so on. If the order of loosening is specified, do exactly as specified.
Precautions for Inspection, Repair and ReplacementEBS00KN3
Before repairing or replacing, thoroughly inspect parts. Inspect new replacement parts in the same way, and
replace if necessary.
Precautions for Assembly and InstallationEBS00MRZ

Use torque wrench to tighten bolts or nuts to specification.

When tightening nuts and bolts, as a basic rule, equally tighten in several different steps starting with the
ones in center, then ones on inside and outside diagonally in this order. If the order of tightening is speci-
fied, do exactly as specified.

Replace with new gasket, packing, oil seal or O-ring.

Dowel pins are used for several parts alignment. When replacing and reassembling with dowel pins, make
sure that dowel pins are installed in the original portion.

Thoroughly wash, clean, and air-blow each part. Carefully check oil or coolant passages for any restriction
and blockage.

Avoid damaging sliding or mating surfaces. Completely remove foreign materials such as cloth lint or dust.
Before assembly, oil sliding surfaces well.

Release air within route when refilling after draining coolant.

Before starting engine, apply fuel pressure to fuel lines with turning ignition switch “ON” (with engine
stopped). Then make sure there are no leaks at fuel line connections.

After repairing, start engine and increase engine speed to check engine coolant, fuel, engine oil, and
exhaust systems for leakage.
Parts Requiring Angle TighteningEBS00KN5

Use an angle wrench (special service tool: KV10112100) for the final tightening of the following engine
parts.
–Cylinder head bolts
–Lower cylinder block bolts
–Connecting rod cap bolts
–Crankshaft pulley bolt (No angle wrench is required as the bolt flange is provided with notches for angle
tightening)
–Balancer unit

Do not use a torque value for final tightening.

The torque value for these parts are for a preliminary step.

Ensure thread and seat surfaces are clean and coated with engine oil.

TIMING CHAIN
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Hood assembly; Refer to BL-12, "HOOD" .

RH and LH undercovers

PCV hose; Refer to EM-18, "INTAKE MANIFOLD" .

Ignition coil; Refer to EM-31, "IGNITION COIL" .

Rocker cover; Refer to EM-44, "ROCKER COVER" .

Engine coolant reservoir tank; Refer to CO-12, "RADIATOR" .

Drive belt; Refer to EM-13, "REMOVAL" .

Alternator; Refer to SC-13, "CHARGING SYSTEM" .

Drive belt auto-tensioner; Refer to EM-14, "REMOVAL" .

Exhaust front tube; Refer to EX-2, "EXHAUST SYSTEM" .
2. Remove A/C compressor from engine. Temporarily secure A/C compressor to vehicle side with a rope to
avoid putting a load on them.
3. Remove bracket mounting bolts for fixing A/C piping on right strut housing and exhaust manifold cover.
Doing so simplifies moving.
4. Remove power steering oil pump with piping connected, and secure it to vehicle side temporarily. Refer to
PS-37, "
HYDRAULIC LINE" .
5. Remove power steering reservoir tank from bracket to move power steering piping. Refer to PS-37,
"HYDRAULIC LINE" .
CAUTION:
To avoid power steering fluid leakage, temporarily fix power steering reservoir tank vertically.
6. Install engine slingers into front left of cylinder head and rear
right of cylinder head.

Use alternator bracket mounting bolt holes for the front side.
7. Lift with hoist, and support the engine posture.
8. Remove RH engine mounting insulator and bracket. Refer to EM-81, "
ENGINE ASSEMBLY" .
9. Remove engine mounting related parts below. Refer to EM-81, "
Removal and Installation (2WD Models)"
(2WD models) or EM-85, "Removal and Installation (4WD Models)" (4WD models).

RH engine mounting insulator

Center member

Rear engine mounting bracket (2WD models)
10. Drain engine oil. Refer to LU-8, "
Changing Engine Oil" .
11. Remove oil pan (upper and lower), and oil strainer. Refer to EM-27, "
OIL PAN AND OIL STRAINER" .
12. Remove intake valve timing control cover.

Loosen bolts in reverse order as shown in the figure.

U s e a s e a l c u t t e r ( s p e c i a l s e r v i c e t o o l : K V 1 0 1111 0 0 ) o r e q u i v -
alent tool to cut liquid gasket for removal.
CAUTION:
Be careful not to damage mounting surface.
13. Pull chain guide between camshaft sprockets out through front cover.Slinger bolts:
Front
: 57.9 N·m (5.9 kg-m, 43 ft-lb)
Rear
: 28.0 N·m (2.9 kg-m, 21 ft-lb)
SBIA0271E
KBIA0085E

TIMING CHAIN
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INSPECTION AFTER INSTALLATION
Inspection for Leaks
The following are procedures for checking fluids leak, lubricates leak and exhaust gases leak.

Before starting engine, check oil/fluid levels including engine coolant and engine oil. If less than required
quantity, fill to the specified level. Refer to MA-17, "
RECOMMENDED FLUIDS AND LUBRICANTS" .

Use procedure below to check for fuel leakage.
–Turn ignition switch “ON” (with engine stopped). With fuel pressure applied to fuel piping, check for fuel
leakage at connection points.
–Start engine. With engine speed increased, check again for fuel leakage at connection points.

Run engine to check for unusual noise and vibration.
NOTE:
If hydraulic pressure inside timing chain tensioner drops after removal/installation, slack in the guide may
generate a pounding noise during and just after engine start. However, this is normal. Noise will stop after
hydraulic pressure rises.

Warm up engine thoroughly to make sure there is no leakage of fuel, exhaust gases, or any oil/fluids
including engine oil and engine coolant.

Bleed air from lines and hoses of applicable lines, such as in cooling system.

After cooling down engine, again check oil/fluid levels including engine oil and engine coolant. Refill to the
specified level, if necessary.
Summary of the inspection items:
* Transmission/transaxle/CVT fluid, power steering fluid, brake fluid, etc.Item Before starting engine Engine running After engine stopped
Engine coolant Level Leakage Level
Engine oil Level Leakage Level
Other oils and fluid* Level Leakage Level
Fuel Leakage Leakage Leakage
Exhaust gases — Leakage —

CYLINDER HEAD
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INSTALLATION
1. Install cylinder head gasket.
2. Tighten cylinder head bolts in numerical order as shown in figure
with the following procedure, and install cylinder head.
CAUTION:
If cylinder head bolts are re-used, check their outer diame-
ters before installation. Refer to EM-72, "
Cylinder Head
Bolts Outer Diameter" .
a. Apply new engine oil to threads and seating surface of mounting
bolts.
b. Tighten all bolts.
c. Turn all bolts 60 degrees clockwise (angle tightening).
d. Completely loosen.
CAUTION:
In this step, loosen bolts in reverse order of that indicated in the figure.
e. Tighten all bolts.
f. Turn all bolts 75 degrees clockwise (angle tightening).
g. Turn all bolts 75 degrees clockwise again (angle tightening).
CAUTION:
Check and confirm the tightening angle by using an angle
wrench (special service tool) or protractor. Avoid judgment
by visual inspection without the tool.
3. Install in the reverse order of removal after this step.
INSPECTION AFTER INSTALLATION
Inspection for Leaks
The following are procedures for checking fluids leak, lubricates leak and exhaust gases leak.

Before starting engine, check oil/fluid levels including engine coolant and engine oil. If less than required
quantity, fill to the specified level. Refer to MA-17, "
RECOMMENDED FLUIDS AND LUBRICANTS" .

Use procedure below to check for fuel leakage.
–Turn ignition switch “ON” (with engine stopped). With fuel pressure applied to fuel piping, check for fuel
leakage at connection points.
–Start engine. With engine speed increased, check again for fuel leakage at connection points.

Run engine to check for unusual noise and vibration.

Warm up engine thoroughly to make sure there is no leakage of fuel, exhaust gases, or any oil/fluids
including engine oil and engine coolant.

Bleed air from lines and hoses of applicable lines, such as in cooling system.

After cooling down engine, again check oil/fluid levels including engine oil and engine coolant. Refill to the
specified level, if necessary. : 50 N·m (5.1 kg-m, 37 ft-lb)
: 0 N·m (0 kg-m, 0 ft-lb)
: 39.2 N·m (4.0 kg-m, 29 ft-lb)
KBIA0058E
KBIA0059E

ENGINE ASSEMBLY
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ENGINE ASSEMBLYPFP:10001
Removal and Installation (2WD Models)EBS01FKJ
WARNING:

Situate the vehicle on a flat and solid surface.

Place chocks at front and back of rear wheels.

For engines not equipped with engine slingers, attach proper slingers and bolts described in
PARTS CATALOG.
CAUTION:

Always be careful to work safely, avoid forceful or uninstructed operations.

Do not start working until exhaust system and coolant are cool enough.

If items or work required are not covered by the engine section, refer to the applicable sections.

Always use the support point specified for lifting.

Use either 2-pole lift type or separate type lift as best you can. If board-on type is used for
unavoidable reasons, support at the rear axle jacking point with a transmission jack or similar tool
before starting work, in preparation for the backward shift of center of gravity.

For supporting points for lifting and jacking point at rear axle, refer to GI-36, "Garage Jack and
Safety Stand" .
1. Rear engine mounting insulator 2. Rubber seat 3. Rear engine mounting bracket
4. RH engine mounting insulator 5. RH engine mounting bracket 6. Front engine mounting bracket
7. Front engine mounting insulator 8. Grommet 9. Center member
10. LH engine mounting insulator 11. Stopper 12. LH engine mounting bracket
PBIC3831E

EM-82
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ENGINE ASSEMBLY

REMOVAL
Outline
Remove engine and transaxle assembly from vehicle downward. Separate engine and transaxle.
Preparation
1. Remove hood assembly. Refer to BL-12, "HOOD" .
2. Release fuel pressure. Refer to EC-49, "
FUEL PRESSURE RELEASE" (WITH EURO-OBD) or EC-562,
"FUEL PRESSURE RELEASE" (WITHOUT EURO-OBD).
3. Drain engine coolant from radiator. Refer to CO-9, "
Changing Engine Coolant" .
CAUTION:

Perform this step when the engine is cold.

Do not spill engine coolant on drive belt.
4. Remove the following parts.

LH and RH undercovers

Front road wheels and tyres

Battery; Refer to SC-4, "BATTERY" .

Drive belt; Refer to EM-13, "DRIVE BELTS" .

Air duct and air cleaner case assembly; Refer to EM-16, "AIR CLEANER AND AIR DUCT" .

Alternator; Refer to SC-13, "CHARGING SYSTEM" .

Radiator and radiator cooling fan assembly; Refer to CO-12, "RADIATOR" .
5. Disconnect engine room harness from the engine side and set it aside for easier work.
6. Disconnect all vacuum hoses and air hoses connected to vehicle side at engine side.
Engine Room LH
1. Disconnect fuel feed hoses, and plug them to prevent fuel from draining. Refer to EM-34, "FUEL INJEC-
TOR AND FUEL TUBE" .
2. Disconnect heater hoses, and install plugs them to prevent engine coolant from draining. Refer to CO-23,
"THERMOSTAT AND WATER CONTROL VALVE" .
3. Disconnect clutch operating cylinder from transaxle, and move it aside. Refer to CL-12, "
OPERATING
CYLINDER" .
4. Disconnect shift and select cable from transaxle. Refer to MT-16, "
CONTROL LINKAGE" .
5. Disconnect B terminal harness of starter motor. Refer to SC-23, "
STARTING SYSTEM" .
Engine Room RH
1. Remove engine coolant reservoir tank. Refer to CO-12, "RADIATOR" .
2. Remove A/C compressor with piping connected from engine. Temporarily secure it on vehicle side with a
rope to avoid putting load on it. Refer to ATC-144, "
Removal and Installation of Compressor" .
3. Remove power steering oil pump with piping connected from engine. Temporarily secure it on vehicle side
with a rope to avoid putting load on it. Refer to PS-37, "
HYDRAULIC LINE" .
Vehicle Underbody
1. Remove exhaust front tube. Refer to EX-2, "EXHAUST SYSTEM" .
2. Remove transaxle joint bolts which pierce at oil pan (upper) lower rear side. Refer to MT-19, "
TRAN-
SAXLE ASSEMBLY" .
3. Remove front wheel sensor (LH and RH) for ABS from steering knuckle. Refer to BRC-46, "
WHEEL SEN-
SORS" .
4. Remove brake caliper assembly with piping connected from steering knuckle. Temporarily secure it on the
vehicle side with a rope to avoid load on it. Refer to BR-27, "
FRONT DISC BRAKE" .
5. Remove LH and RH drive shafts from steering knuckle. Refer to FAX-11, "
FRONT DRIVE SHAFT" .
Removal
1. Install engine slingers into front-left of cylinder head and rear-right of cylinder head.

EM-84
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ENGINE ASSEMBLY

INSPECTION AFTER INSTALLATION
Inspection for Leaks
The following are procedures for checking fluids leak, lubricates leak and exhaust gases leak.

Before starting engine, check oil/fluid levels including engine coolant and engine oil. If less than required
quantity, fill to the specified level. Refer to MA-17, "
RECOMMENDED FLUIDS AND LUBRICANTS" .

Use procedure below to check for fuel leakage.
–Turn ignition switch “ON” (with engine stopped). With fuel pressure applied to fuel piping, check for fuel
leakage at connection points.
–Start engine. With engine speed increased, check again for fuel leakage at connection points.

Run engine to check for unusual noise and vibration.

Warm up engine thoroughly to make sure there is no leakage of fuel, exhaust gases, or any oil/fluids
including engine oil and engine coolant.

Bleed air from lines and hoses of applicable lines, such as in cooling system.

After cooling down engine, again check oil/fluid levels including engine oil and engine coolant. Refill to the
specified level, if necessary.
Summary of the inspection items:
* Transmission/transaxle/CVT fluid, power steering fluid, brake fluid, etc.Item Before starting engine Engine running After engine stopped
Engine coolant Level Leakage Level
Engine oil Level Leakage Level
Other oils and fluid* Level Leakage Level
Fuel Leakage Leakage Leakage
Exhaust gases — Leakage —