2005 NISSAN X-TRAIL navigation

AV-38
NAVIGATION SYSTEM

NAVIGATION SYSTEMPFP:25915
System DescriptionEKS00M7F
NAVIGATION SYSTEM
Location Detection Principle
The navigation system periodically calculates the vehicle's current
position according to the following three signals:

Travel distance of the vehicle as determined by the vehicle
speed sensor

Turning angle of the vehicle as determined by the gyroscope
(angular velocity sensor)

Direction of vehicle travel as determined by the GPS antenna
(GPS information)
The current position of the vehicle is then identified by comparing the
calculated vehicle position with map data read from the map DVD-
ROM, which is stored in the DVD-ROM drive (map-matching), and
indicated on the screen as a vehicle mark. More accurate data is judged and used by comparing vehicle posi-
tion detection results found by the GPS with the result by map-matching.
The current vehicle position will be calculated by detecting the dis-
tance the vehicle moved from the previous calculation point and its
direction.

Travel distance
Travel distance calculations are based on the vehicle speed
sensor input signal. Therefore, the calculation may become
incorrect as the tires wear down. To prevent this, an automatic
distance correction function has been adopted.

Travel direction
Change in the travel direction of the vehicle is calculated by a
gyroscope (angular velocity sensor) and a GPS antenna (GPS
information). They have both advantages and disadvantages.
More accurate traveling direction is detected because priorities are set for the signals from these two
devices according to the situation.
SKIB1058E
SEL684V
Type Advantage Disadvantage
Gyroscope
(angular velocity sensor)Can detect the vehicle's turning angle quite
accurately.Direction errors may accumulate when vehicle is
driven for long distances without stopping.
GPS antenna
(GPS information)Can detect the vehicle's travel direction
(North/South/East/West).Correct direction cannot be detected when vehi-
cle speed is low.

NAVIGATION SYSTEM
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Map-Matching
Map-matching compares a current location detected by the method
in the “Location Detection Principle“ (refer to AV- 3 8
) with a road map
data from Map DVD-ROM stored in DVD-ROM drive.
NOTE:
The road map data is based on data stored in the map DVD-ROM.
The vehicle position may not be corrected under the following circumstances and after driving for a certain
time when GPS information is difficult to receive. In this case, the vehicle mark on the display must be cor-
rected manually.

In map-matching, alternative routes to reach the destination will
be shown and prioritized, after the road on which the vehicle is
currently driven has been judged and the vehicle mark has been
repositioned.
If there is an error in distance and/or direction, alternative routes
will be shown in different order of priority, and the incorrect road
can be avoided.
If two roads are running in parallel, they are of the same priority.
Therefore, the vehicle mark may appear on either of them alter-
nately, depending on maneuvering of the steering wheel and
configuration of the road.

Map-matching does not function correctly when a road on which
the vehicle is driving is new and not recorded in the map DVD-
ROM, or when road pattern stored in the map data and the
actual road pattern are different due to repair.
When driving on a road not present in the map, the map-match-
ing function may find another road and position the vehicle mark
on it. Then, when the correct road is detected, the vehicle mark
may change to it.

Effective range for comparing the vehicle position and travel
direction calculated by the distance and direction with the road
data read from the map DVD-ROM is limited. Therefore, when
there is an excessive gap between current vehicle position and
the position on the map, correction by map-matching is not possible.
SEL685V
SEL686V
SKIA0613E

AV-40
NAVIGATION SYSTEM

GPS (Global Positioning System)
GPS (Global Positioning System) was developed for and is con-
trolled by the US Department of Defense. The system utilizes GPS
satellites (NAVSTAR), sending out radio waves while flying on an
orbit around the earth at an altitude of approximately 21,000 km.
The GPS receiver calculates the vehicle's position in three dimen-
sions (latitude/longitude/altitude) according to the time lag of the
radio waves received from four or more GPS satellites (three-dimen-
sional positioning). If radio waves were received only from three
GPS satellites, the GPS receiver calculates the vehicle's position in
two dimensions (latitude/longitude), utilizing the altitude data calcu-
lated previously with radio waves from four or more GPS satellites
(two-dimensional positioning).
Position correction by GPS is not available while the vehicle is stopped.
Accuracy of GPS will deteriorate under the following conditions:

In two-dimensional positioning, GPS accuracy will deteriorate when altitude of the vehicle position
changes.

The accuracy can be even lower depending on the arrangement of the GPS satellites utilized for the posi-
tioning.

Position detection is not possible when vehicle is in an area where radio waves from the GPS satellite do
not reach, such as in a tunnel, parking lot in a building, and under an elevated highway. Radio waves from
the GPS satellites may not be received when some object is located over the GPS antenna.
NOTE:

Even a high-precision three dimensional positioning, the detection result has an error about 10 m (30 ft).

Because the signals of GPS satellite is controlled by the Tracking and Control Center in the United States,
the accuracy may be degraded lower intentionally or the radio waves may stop.
Traffic Information (RDS-TMC)
The Traffic Information broadcast allows to you to avoid delays due to traffic incidents.
Traffic jams, roadwork, closed roads around your current location, etc. are represented graphically on the map
by icons depicting the nature of the event.
Incidents on the route are automatically brought to your attention when they are approached.
The Traffic Information feature gives you the opportunity to forecast traffic incidents, determine how serious
they are and, via the guidance mode, allows you to detour around traffic problems.
The navigation system receives traffic information from best available sources and enables the RDS-TMC
(Radio Data System-Traffic Message Channel) to inform and guide you.
The RDS-TMC broadcast is fed by a dedicated FM tuner so that you can still tune your radio station while Traf-
fic Information is being broadcasted.
SEL526V

NAVIGATION SYSTEM
AV-41
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Component DescriptionEKS00M7G
NAVI CONTROL UNIT

The gyro (angular speed sensor) and the DVD-ROM drive are
built-in units that control the navigation functions.

Signals are received from the gyro, the vehicle speed sensor,
and the GPS antenna. Vehicle location is determined by com-
bining this data with the data contained in the DVD-ROM map.
Location information is shown on liquid crystal display panel.
DVD-ROM Drive
Maps, traffic control regulations, and other pertinent information can
be easily read from the DVD-ROM disc.
Map DVD-ROM

The map DVD-ROM has maps, traffic control regulations, and other pertinent information.

To improve DVD-ROM map matching and route determination functions, the DVD-ROM uses an exclusive
Nissan format. Therefore, the use of a DVD-ROM provided by other manufacturers cannot be used.
Gyro (Angular Speed Sensor)

The oscillator gyro sensor is used to detect changes in vehicle steering angle.

The gyro is built into the navigation (NAVI) control unit.
GPS ANTENNA
The GPS antenna receives and amplifies the radio waves from the GPS satellites, and then transmits the GPS
signal to NAVI control unit.
PKIA0248E
PKIA0249E

AV-42
NAVIGATION SYSTEM

Antenna Route
DISPLAY

Images on the display include RGB image such as map screen
and rear view image displayed when setting the select lever to R
range.

NAVI control unit controls images on the display.
NAVI SWITCH

NAVI switch connects to the display and transfer unit with com-
munication lines. NAVI switch transmits the demand signal and
the response signal with the serial transmission.

Communication form of the operation signal is conversed in
transfer unit to NAVI switch. The operation signal is transmitted
to NAVI control unit.
PKIB9383E
PKIB9465E
PKIB9465E

NAVIGATION SYSTEM
AV-43
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TRANSFER UNIT

Transfer unit interfaces the communication signal among NAVI
switch, display and transfer unit to the communication signal
between transfer unit and NAVI control unit.

Transfer unit outputs ON signal and voice guidance signal to
voice change relay.
VOICE CHANGE RELAY
Voice change relay converses the voice signal transmitted from audio unit and the voice guidance signal
transmitted from NAVI control unit through transfer unit. And voice change relay outputs the voice signal and
the voice guidance signal to driver-side speaker.
TMC TUNER
TMC tuner connects to NAVI control unit with a communication line.
TMC tuner transmits traffic message channel information to NAVI
control unit, and indicates the traffic message channel information on
the display. Also TMC tuner receives the receivable channel list from
NAVI control unit.
PKIB9466E
PKIB9467E

AV-44
NAVIGATION SYSTEM

System Operation DescriptionEKS00M7H
NAVIGATION SYSTEM
Here is an example of functions. For details, refer to the owner's manual or navigation system owner's manual.
MAP VIEWING STYLE

The NISSAN Navigation System gives you a choice of two map viewing styles, a normal 2-dimensional
PLAN VIEW map and 3-dimensional BIRDVIEW
® map.

The 3-dimensional BIRDVIEW® map depicts a geographic area as seen from an elevated perspective.
PLAN VIEW Map
BIRDVIEW
® Map
Description

Display area: Trapezoidal representation showing approximate
distances (Wn, D, and Wd).

Ten horizontal grid lines indicate display width while six vertical
grid lines indicate display depth and direction.

Pushing the “ZOOM IN” button during operation displays the
scale change and the view point height on the left side of the
screen.
The height of the view point increases or decreases when
“ZOOM” or “WIDE” is selected with the joystick.
SKIA1377E
SKIA1378E
SKIA5613E

NAVIGATION SYSTEM
AV-45
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MAP DISPLAY
Function of each icon is as follows:
1. Direction indicator

This indicates the direction of the map.
2. Vehicle mark (cross pointer)

This indicates your vehicle position and the direction of travel.
3. GPS indicator

This indicates the strength of the GPS signal received.
4. Distance indicator

This indicates the distance on the screen according to the
map scale.SKIA1379E