2003 NISSAN X-TRAIL engine coolant

PRECAUTIONS
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[YD22DDTi]PRECAUTIONSPFP:00001
Precautions For Liquid GasketEBS01276
LIQUID GASKET APPLICATION PROCEDURE
1. Remove old liquid gasket adhering to the liquid gasket application surface and the mating surface.

Remove liquid gasket completely from the liquid gasket application surface, mounting bolts, and bolt
holes.
2. Wipe the liquid gasket application surface and the mating surface with white gasoline (lighting and heating
use) to remove adhering moisture, grease and foreign materials.
3. Attach liquid gasket tube to the tube presser (special service
tool).
Use Genuine Liquid Gasket or equivalent.

Within five minutes of liquid gasket application, install the mat-
ing component.

If liquid gasket protrudes, wipe it off immediately.

Do not retighten mounting bolts or nuts after the installation.

After 30 minutes or more have passed from the installation, fill
engine oil and engine coolant.
PBIC2160E

OVERHEATING CAUSE ANALYSIS
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OVERHEATING CAUSE ANALYSISPFP:00012
Troubleshooting ChartEBS00BAW
Symptom Check items
Cooling sys-
tem parts
malfunctionPoor heat transferWater pump malfunction Worn or loose drive belt
— Thermostat stuck closed —
Damaged finsDust contamination or
paper clogging
Physical damage
Clogged radiator cooling
tubeExcess foreign material
(rust, dirt, sand, etc.)
Reduced air flowCooling fan does not oper-
ateRefer to DTC in EC1217
(cooling system)
— High resistance to fan rota-
tion
Fan assembly
Damaged fan blades
Damaged radiator shroud — — —
Improper engine coolant
mixture ratio—— —
Poor engine coolant quality — Engine coolant density —
Insufficient engine coolantEngine coolant leaksCooling hoseLoose clamp
Cracked hose
Water pump Poor sealing
Radiator capLoose
Poor sealing
RadiatorO-ring for damage, deterio-
ration or improper fitting
Cracked radiator tank
Cracked radiator core
Reservoir tank Cracked reservoir tank
Overflowing reservoir tankExhaust gas leaks into
cooling systemCylinder head deterioration
Cylinder head gasket dete-
rioration

ENGINE COOLANT
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ENGINE COOLANTPFP:KQ100
InspectionEBS00BAY
LEVEL CHECK

Check if the reservoir tank engine coolant level within MIN to
MAX when engine is cool.

Adjust engine coolant level as necessary.
CHECKING RADIATOR SYSTEM FOR LEAKS

To check for leaks, apply pressure to the cooling system with the
radiator cap tester (commercial service tool) and the radiator
cap tester adapter (special service tool).
WARNING:
Do not remove radiator cap when engine is hot. Serious
burns could occur from high pressure engine coolant
escaping from radiator.
CAUTION:
Higher test pressure than specified may cause radiator
damage.
NOTE:
In a case that engine coolant decreases, replenish radiator with engine coolant.

If anything is found, repair or replace damaged parts.
Changing Engine CoolantEBS00BAZ
WARNING:

To avoid being scalded, do not change engine coolant when engine is hot.

Wrap a thick cloth around cap and carefully remove radiator cap. First, turn radiator cap a quarter
of a turn to release built-up pressure. Then turn the cap all the way.
DRAINING ENGINE COOLANT
1. Remove engine undercover.
2. Open radiator drain plug at the bottom of radiator, and remove
radiator cap.
NOTE:

Be careful not to allow engine coolant to contact drive
belts.

Cover the exhaust tube heat shield to prevent from splashing
engine coolant.
When draining all engine coolant in the system, also perform the following steps.
SMA412B
Testing pressure:
157 kPa (1.57 bar, 1.6 kg/cm
2 , 23 psi)
SLC134B
PBIC0236E

CO-32
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ENGINE COOLANT

3. Remove air relief plug.
4. Open cylinder block drain plug. Refer to EM-212, "
CYLINDER BLOCK" .
5. Remove reservoir tank, drain engine coolant, then clean reservoir tank.
6. Check drained engine coolant for contaminants such as rust, corrosion or discoloration.
If contaminated, flush engine cooling system. Refer to CO-33, "
FLUSHING COOLING SYSTEM" .
REFILLING ENGINE COOLANT
1. Install reservoir tank, and radiator drain plug.
CAUTION:
Be sure to clean radiator drain plug and install with new O-ring.

If water drain plug on cylinder block is removed, close and tighten it. Refer to EM-212, "CYLIN-
DER BLOCK" .
2. Fill radiator and reservoir tank to the specified level.

Pour engine coolant through engine coolant filler neck
slowly of less than 2 (1-3/4 lmp qt) a minute to allow air
in system to escape.

Use Genuine Nissan Anti-freeze Coolant or equivalent
mixed with water (distilled or demineralized). Refer to
MA-17, "
RECOMMENDED FLUIDS AND LUBRICANTS".

When engine coolant overflows air relief hole, install air relief
plug with new copper washer.
3. Warm up engine to normal operating temperature without radiator cap installed.

If engine coolant overflows radiator filler hole, install radiator cap.
4. Run engine at 3,000 rpm for 10 seconds and return to idle speed with radiator cap installed.

Repeat two or three times.
CAUTION:
Watch engine coolant temperature gauge so as not to overheat the engine.
5. Stop engine and cool down to less than approximately 50°C(122°F).

Cool down using a fan to reduce the time.

If necessary, refill radiator up to filler neck with engine coolant.
6. Refill reservoir tank to MAX level line with engine coolant.
SBIA0130E
Engine coolant capacity
(with reservoir tank at “MAX” level)
: Approx. 9.5 (8-3/8 lmp qt)
SMA182B
Reservoir tank capacity (at “MAX” level)
: 0.6 (1/2 lmp qt)
Air relief plug:
: 6.9 - 7.8 N·m (0.7 - 0.8 kg-m, 61 - 69 in-lb)
SMA412B

ENGINE COOLANT
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7. Repeat steps 2 through 5 two or more times with radiator cap installed until engine coolant level no longer
drops.
8. Check cooling system for leaks with engine running.
9. Warm up engine, and check for sound of engine coolant flow while running engine from idle up to 3,000
rpm with heater temperature controller set at several position between COOL and WARM.

Sound may be noticeable at heater unit.
10. Repeat step 9 three times.
11. If sound is heard, bleed air from cooling system by repeating steps 2 through 5 until engine coolant level
no longer drops.

Clean excess engine coolant from engine.
FLUSHING COOLING SYSTEM
1. Fill radiator with water until water spills from the air relief hole, then close air relief plug. Fill radiator and
reservoir tank with water and reinstall radiator cap.
2. Run engine and warm it up to normal operating temperature.
3. Rev engine two or three times under no-load.
4. Stop engine and wait until it cools down.
5. Drain water from the system. Refer to CO-31, "
DRAINING ENGINE COOLANT" .
6. Repeat steps 1 through 5 until clear water begins to drain from radiator.

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RADIATOR

RADIATORPFP:21400
Removal and InstallationEBS00BB0
WARNING:
Do not remove radiator cap when engine is hot. Serious burns could occur from high-pressure engine
coolant escaping from radiator.
REMOVAL
1. Drain engine coolant from radiator. Refer to CO-31, "DRAINING ENGINE COOLANT" .
CAUTION:

Perform this step when engine is cold.

Do not spill engine coolant on drive belts.
2. Disconnect radiator hose (upper and lower), reservoir tank hose and radiator mounting bracket.
3. Remove radiator and cooling fan assembly.
CAUTION:
Do not damage or scratch radiator core when removing.
INSTALLATION
Install in the reverse order of removal.
INSPECTION AFTER INSTALLATION

Check for leaks of engine coolant using the radiator cap tester adapter (special service tool:
EG17650301) and the radiator cap tester (commercial service tool). Refer to CO-31, "
CHECKING RADIA-
TOR SYSTEM FOR LEAKS" .

Start and warm up engine. Visually check if there is no leaks of engine coolant.
1. Radiator 2. Radiator mounting bracket 3. Mounting rubber (upper)
4. Radiator cap 5. Mounting rubber (lower) 6. O-ring
7. Drain plug 8. Radiator hose (lower) 9. Cooling fan assembly
10. Reservoir tank bracket 11. Reservoir tank 12. Reservoir tank hose
13. Radiator hose (upper)
PBIC2383E

RADIATOR
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Checking Radiator Cap EBS011WM
1. Pull negative-pressure valve to open it and make sure that it
closes completely when released.

Make sure that there is no dirt or damage on the valve seat of
radiator cap negative-pressure valve.

Make sure that there are no unusualness in the opening and
closing conditions of negative-pressure valve.
2. Check radiator cap relief pressure.

When connecting radiator cap to the radiator cap tester (com-
mercial service tool) and the radiator cap tester adapter (spe-
cial service tool), apply engine coolant to the cap seal
surface.

Replace radiator cap if there is an unusualness in negative-
pressure valve, or if the relief pressure fall below the limit.
Checking RadiatorEBS011WN
Check radiator for mud or clogging. If necessary, clean radiator as follows.

Be careful not to bend or damage the radiator fins.

When radiator is cleaned without removal, remove all surrounding parts such as cooling fan, radiator
shroud and horns. Then tape the harness and connectors to prevent water from entering.
1. Apply water by hose to the back side of the radiator core vertically downwards.
2. Apply water again to all radiator core surface once per minute.
3. Stop washing if any stains no longer flow out from the radiator.
4. Blow air into the back side of radiator core vertically downwards.

Use compressed air lower than 490 kPa (4.9 bar, 5 kg/cm2 , 71psi) and keep distance more than 30 cm
(11.8 in).
5. Blow air again into all the radiator core surface once per minute until no water sprays out.
SMA967B
Standard:
78 - 98 kPa (0.78 - 0.98 bar, 0.8 - 1.0 kg/cm
2 , 11 - 14 psi)
Limit:
59 kPa (0.59 bar, 0.6 kg/cm
2 , 9 psi)
SLC755AC

CO-36
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COOLING FAN

COOLING FANPFP:21140
Removal and InstallationEBS011WO
REMOVAL
1. Drain engine coolant from radiator. Refer to CO-31, "Changing Engine Coolant" .
CAUTION:
Perform when engine is cold.
2. Remove air duct (inlet) and air duct assembly. Refer to EM-133, "
AIR CLEANER AND AIR DUCT" .
3. Disconnect radiator hose (upper) at radiator side. Refer to CO-12, "
RADIATOR" .
CAUTION:
Do not spill engine coolant on drive belt.
4. Disconnect harness connectors from fan motors, and move them to aside.
5. Remove radiator cooling fan assembly. Refer to CO-34, "
RADIATOR" .
CAUTION:
Be careful not to damage or scratch on radiator core.
INSTALLATION
Install in the reverse order of removal.

Cooling fans are controlled by ECM. For details, refer to EC-1011, "DTC P0217 ENGINE OVER TEM-
PERATURE" (WITH EURO-OBD), EC-1320, "DTC P0217 ENGINE OVER TEMPERATURE" (WITHOUT
EURO-OBD).
DISASSEMBLY AND ASSEMBLY
Disassembly
1. Remove cooling fans.
2. Remove cooling fan motors from cooling fan shroud.
1. Cooling fan motors 2. Cooling fan shroud 3. Cooling fan (RH)
4. Cooling fan (LH)
PBIC2252E