2003 NISSAN X-TRAIL engine coolant

EC-9
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ECA ENGINE CONTROL SYSTEM ................................ 659
System Diagram ................................................... 659
System Chart ....................................................... 660
Fuel Injection Control System .............................. 660
Fuel Injection Timing Control System ................... 662
Air Conditioning Cut Control ................................. 662
Fuel Cut Control (At No Load & High Engine Speed). 662
Crankcase Ventilation System ............................. 663
BASIC SERVICE PROCEDURE ............................ 664
Fuel Filter ............................................................. 664
Accelerator Pedal Released Position Learning .... 664
Fuel Pressure Relief Valve ................................... 665
ON BOARD DIAGNOSTIC (OBD) SYSTEM .......... 666
DTC and MI Detection Logic ................................ 666
Diagnostic Trouble Code (DTC) ........................... 666
NATS (Nissan Anti-theft System) ......................... 666
Malfunction Indicator (MI) ..................................... 667
TROUBLE DIAGNOSIS .......................................... 669
Trouble Diagnosis Introduction ............................. 669
Basic Inspection ................................................... 672
Symptom Matrix Chart ......................................... 676
Engine Control Component Parts Location .......... 680
Circuit Diagram .................................................... 683
ECM Harness Connector Terminal Layout ........... 685
ECM Terminals And Reference Value .................. 685
CONSULT-II Function .......................................... 691
CONSULT-II Reference Value in Data Monitor Mode
. 696
Major Sensor Reference Graph in Data Monitor
Mode .................................................................... 698
TROUBLE DIAGNOSIS FOR INTERMITTENT INCI-
DENT ...................................................................... 699
Description ........................................................... 699
Diagnostic Procedure ........................................... 699
POWER SUPPLY CIRCUIT FOR ECM .................. 700
ECM Terminals and Reference Value .................. 700
Wiring Diagram .................................................... 701
Diagnostic Procedure ........................................... 702
Component Inspection ......................................... 705
DTCP0100MASSAIRFLOWSENSOR(MAFS).. 706
Component Description ........................................ 706
CONSULT-II Reference Value in Data Monitor Mode
. 706
ECM Terminals and Reference Value .................. 706
On Board Diagnosis Logic ................................... 707
DTC Confirmation Procedure ............................... 707
Wiring Diagram .................................................... 708
Diagnostic Procedure ........................................... 709
Component Inspection ......................................... 710
Removal and Installation ...................................... 710
DTC P0115 ENGINE COOLANT TEMPERATURE
(ECT) SENSOR (CIRCUIT) ...................................... 711
Description ............................................................ 711
On Board Diagnosis Logic .................................... 711
DTC Confirmation Procedure ................................ 711
Wiring Diagram .................................................... 712
Diagnostic Procedure ........................................... 713Component Inspection ..........................................714
Removal and Installation ......................................714
DTC P0120 ACCELERATOR PEDAL POSITION
SENSOR .................................................................715
Description ............................................................715
CONSULT-II Reference Value in Data Monitor Mode
.715
ECM Terminals and Reference Value ...................715
On Board Diagnosis Logic ....................................716
DTC Confirmation Procedure ...............................716
Wiring Diagram .....................................................717
Diagnostic Procedure ...........................................718
Component Inspection ..........................................721
Removal and Installation ......................................722
DTC P0190 COMMON RAIL FUEL PRESSURE
SENSOR .................................................................723
Description ............................................................723
CONSULT-II Reference Value in Data Monitor Mode
.723
ECM Terminals and Reference Value ...................723
On Board Diagnosis Logic ....................................723
DTC Confirmation Procedure ...............................723
Wiring Diagram .....................................................724
Diagnostic Procedure ...........................................725
Component Inspection ..........................................726
Removal and Installation ......................................726
DTC P0201 - P0204 FUEL INJECTOR ...................727
Description ............................................................727
CONSULT-II Reference Value in Data Monitor Mode
.727
ECM Terminals and Reference Value ...................727
On Board Diagnosis Logic ....................................728
DTC Confirmation Procedure ...............................729
Wiring Diagram .....................................................730
Diagnostic Procedure ...........................................732
Component Inspection ..........................................733
Removal and Installation ......................................733
DTC P0335 CRANKSHAFT POSISTION SENSOR
(TDC) .......................................................................734
Description ............................................................734
CONSULT-II Reference Value in Data Monitor Mode
.734
ECM Terminals and Reference Value ...................734
On Board Diagnosis Logic ....................................735
DTC Confirmation Procedure ...............................735
Wiring Diagram .....................................................736
Diagnostic Procedure ...........................................737
Component Inspection ..........................................737
Removal and Installation ......................................738
DTC P0340 CAMSHAFT POSITION SENSOR ......739
Description ............................................................739
ECM Terminals and Reference Value ...................739
On Board Diagnosis Logic ....................................739
DTC Confirmation Procedure ...............................739
Wiring Diagram .....................................................741
Diagnostic Procedure ...........................................742
Component Inspection ..........................................742
Removal and Installation ......................................743

EC-11
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ECA Diagnostic Procedure ........................................... 812
Component Inspection ......................................... 813
PARK/NEUTRAL POSITION (PNP) SWITCH ........ 814
Description ........................................................... 814
CONSULT-II Reference Value in Data Monitor Mode
. 814
ECM Terminals and Reference Value .................. 814
Wiring Diagram .................................................... 815
Diagnostic Procedure ........................................... 816
START SIGNAL ...................................................... 818
Wiring Diagram .................................................... 818
Diagnostic Procedure ........................................... 819
POWER STEERING OIL PRESSURE SWITCH .... 820
Component Description ........................................ 820
CONSULT-II Reference Value in Data Monitor Mode
. 820
ECM Terminals and Reference Value .................. 820Wiring Diagram .....................................................821
Diagnostic Procedure ...........................................822
Component Inspection ..........................................823
Removal and Installation ......................................823
AIR CONDITIONER CONTROL .............................824
Wiring Diagram .....................................................824
MI & DATA LINK CONNECTORS ...........................825
Wiring Diagram .....................................................825
SERVICE DATA AND SPECIFICATIONS (SDS) ....826
General Specifications ..........................................826
Mass Air Flow Sensor ...........................................826
Engine Coolant Temperature Sensor ...................826
Common Rail Fuel Pressure Sensor ....................826
Crankshaft Position Sensor (TDC) .......................826
Camshaft Position Sensor ....................................826
Glow Plug .............................................................826
EGR Volume Control Valve ..................................826

EC-20
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PREPARATION
PREPARATION
PFP:00002
Special Service ToolsEBS00B0M
The actual shapes of Kent-Moore tools may differ from those of special service tools illustrated here.
Commercial Service ToolsEBS00B0N
Tool number
Tool nameDescription
KV10117100
Heated oxygen
sensor wrenchLoosening or tightening heated oxygen sensors
with 22 mm (0.87 in) hexagon nut
KV10114400
Heated oxygen
sensor wrenchLoosening or tightening heated oxygen sensors
a: 22 mm (0.87 in)
S-NT379
S-NT636
Tool name (Kent-
Moore No.)Description
Quick connector
releaseRemoving fuel tube quick connectors in engine
room
(Available in SEC. 164 of PARTS CATALOG:
Part No. 16441 6N210)
Fuel filler cap adapter Checking fuel tank vacuum relief valve opening
pressure
Socket wrench Removing and installing engine coolant
temperature sensor
PBIC0198E
S-NT653
S-NT705

EC-24
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ENGINE CONTROL SYSTEM
System Chart
EBS00B0Q
*1: This sensor is not used to control the engine system under normal conditions.
*2: These signals are sent to the ECM through CAN communication line.
Multiport Fuel Injection (MFI) SystemEBS00B0R
INPUT/OUTPUT SIGNAL CHART
*1: Under normal conditions, this sensor is not for engine control operation.
*2: This signal is sent to the ECM through CAN communication line.Input (Sensor) ECM Function Output (Actuator)
lCamshaft position sensor (PHASE)
lCrankshaft position sensor (POS)
lMass air flow sensor
lEngine coolant temperature sensor
lHeated oxygen sensor 1
lThrottle position sensor
lAccelerator pedal position sensor
lPark/neutral position (PNP) switch
lIntake air temperature sensor
lPower steering pressure sensor
lIgnition switch
lBattery voltage
lKnock sensor
lRefrigerant pressure sensor
lHeated oxygen sensor 2 *1
lTCM (Transmission control module) *2
lESP/TCS/ABS control unit *2
lWheel sensor
lAir conditioner switch
lElectrical loadFuel injection & mixture ratio control Fuel injectors
Electronic ignition system Power transistors
Fuel pump control Fuel pump relay
On board diagnostic system MI (On the instrument panel)
Heated oxygen sensor 1 heater control Heated oxygen sensor 1 heater
Heated oxygen sensor 2 heater control Heated oxygen sensor 2 heater
EVAP canister purge flow controlEVAP canister purge volume control
solenoid valve
Air conditioning cut control Air conditioner relay
Cooling fan control Cooling fan relays
Sensor Input Signal to ECMECM func-
tionActuator
Crankshaft position sensor (POS)
Engine speed
Piston position
Fuel injec-
tion & mix-
ture ratio
controlFuel injectors Camshaft position sensor (PHASE)
Mass air flow sensor Amount of intake air
Engine coolant temperature sensor Engine coolant temperature
Heated oxygen sensor 1 Density of oxygen in exhaust gas
Throttle position sensor Throttle position
Accelerator pedal position sensor Accelerator pedal position
Park/neutral position (PNP) switch Gear position
Ignition switch Start signal
Knock sensor Engine knocking condition
Battery Battery voltage
Power steering pressure sensor Power steering operation
Heated oxygen sensor 2 *1 Density of oxygen in exhaust gas
ESP/TCS/ABS control unit *2 ESP/TCS operation command
Wheel sensor Vehicle speed
Air conditioner switch Air conditioner operation

ENGINE CONTROL SYSTEM
EC-25
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SYSTEM DESCRIPTION
The amount of fuel injected from the fuel injector is determined by the ECM. The ECM controls the length of
time the valve remains open (injection pulse duration). The amount of fuel injected is a program value in the
ECM memory. The program value is preset by engine operating conditions. These conditions are determined
by input signals (for engine speed and intake air) from both the crankshaft position sensor and the mass air
flow sensor.
VARIOUS FUEL INJECTION INCREASE/DECREASE COMPENSATION
In addition, the amount of fuel injected is compensated to improve engine performance under various operat-
ing conditions as listed below.

lDuring warm-up
lWhen starting the engine
lDuring acceleration
lHot-engine operation
lWhen selector lever is changed from “N” to “D”
lHigh-load, high-speed operation

lDuring deceleration
lDuring high engine speed operation
MIXTURE RATIO FEEDBACK CONTROL (CLOSED LOOP CONTROL)
The mixture ratio feedback system provides the best air-fuel mixture ratio for driveability and emission control.
The three way catalyst (manifold) can then better reduce CO, HC and NOx emissions. This system uses
heated oxygen sensor 1 in the exhaust manifold to monitor if the engine operation is rich or lean. The ECM
adjusts the injection pulse width according to the sensor voltage signal. For more information about heated
oxygen sensor 1, refer toEC-160
. This maintains the mixture ratio within the range of stoichiometric (ideal air-
fuel mixture).
This stage is referred to as the closed loop control condition.
Heated oxygen sensor 2 is located downstream of the three way catalyst (manifold). Even if the switching
characteristics of heated oxygen sensor 1 shift, the air-fuel ratio is controlled to stoichiometric by the signal
from heated oxygen sensor 2.
Open Loop Control
The open loop system condition refers to when the ECM detects any of the following conditions. Feedback
control stops in order to maintain stabilized fuel combustion.
lDeceleration and acceleration
lHigh-load, high-speed operation
lMalfunction of heated oxygen sensor 1 or its circuit
lInsufficient activation of heated oxygen sensor 1 at low engine coolant temperature
lHigh engine coolant temperature
lDuring warm-up
lAfter shifting from “N” to “D”
lWhen starting the engine
PBIB0121E

ENGINE CONTROL SYSTEM
EC-27
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Electronic Ignition (EI) SystemEBS00B0S
INPUT/OUTPUT SIGNAL CHART
SYSTEM DESCRIPTION
The ignition timing is controlled by the ECM to maintain the best air-
fuel ratio for every running condition of the engine. The ignition tim-
ing data is stored in the ECM. This data forms the map shown.
The ECM receives information such as the injection pulse width and
camshaft position sensor signal. Computing this information, ignition
signals are transmitted to the power transistor.
e.g.,N:1,800rpm,Tp:1.50msec
A°BTDC
During the following conditions, the ignition timing is revised by the
ECM according to the other data stored in the ECM.
lAt starting
lDuring warm-up
lAt idle
lAt low battery voltage
lDuring acceleration
The knock sensor retard system is designed only for emergencies. The basic ignition timing is programmed
within the anti-knocking zone, if recommended fuel is used under dry conditions. The retard system does not
operate under normal driving conditions. If engine knocking occurs, the knock sensor monitors the condition.
The signal is transmitted to the ECM. The ECM retards the ignition timing to eliminate the knocking condition.
Air Conditioning Cut ControlEBS00B0T
INPUT/OUTPUT SIGNAL CHART
SYSTEM DESCRIPTION
This system improves engine operation when the air conditioner is used.
Under the following conditions, the air conditioner is turned off.
Sensor Input Signal to ECMECM func-
tionActuator
Crankshaft position sensor (POS)
Engine speed
Piston position
Ignition
timing con-
trolPower transistor Camshaft position sensor (PHASE)
Mass air flow sensor Amount of intake air
Engine coolant temperature sensor Engine coolant temperature
Throttle position sensor Throttle position
Accelerator pedal position sensor Accelerator pedal position
Ignition switch Start signal
Knock sensor Engine knocking
Park/neutral position (PNP) switch Gear position
Battery Battery voltage
Wheel sensor Vehicle speed
SEF742M
Sensor Input Signal to ECM ECM function Actuator
Air conditioner switch Air conditioner “ON” signal
Air conditioner
cut controlAir conditioner relay Throttle position sensor Throttle valve opening angle
Crankshaft position sensor (POS) Engine speed
Engine coolant temperature sensor Engine coolant temperature
Ignition switch Start signal
Refrigerant pressure sensor Refrigerant pressure
Power steering pressure sensor Power steering operation
Wheel sensor Vehicle speed

EC-28
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ENGINE CONTROL SYSTEM
lWhen the accelerator pedal is fully depressed.
lWhen cranking the engine.
lAt high engine speeds.
lWhen the engine coolant temperature becomes excessively high.
lWhen operating power steering during low engine speed or low vehicle speed.
lWhen engine speed is excessively low.
lWhen refrigerant pressure is excessively low or high.
Fuel Cut Control (at No Load and High Engine Speed)EBS00B0U
INPUT/OUTPUT SIGNAL CHART
SYSTEM DESCRIPTION
If the engine speed is above 1,800 rpm with no load (for example, in neutral and engine speed over 1,800
rpm) fuel will be cut off after some time. The exact time when the fuel is cut off varies based on engine speed.
Fuel cut will operate until the engine speed reaches 1,500 rpm, then fuel cut is cancelled.
NOTE:
This function is different from deceleration control listed under “Multiport Fuel Injection (MFI) System”,EC-24
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CAN communicationEBS00B0V
SYSTEM DESCRIPTION
CAN (Controller Area Network) is a serial communication line for real time application. It is an on-vehicle mul-
tiplex communication line with high data communication speed and excellent error detection ability. Many elec-
tronic control units are equipped onto a vehicle, and each control unit shares information and links with other
control units during operation (not independent). In CAN communication, control units are connected with 2
communication lines (CAN H line, CAN L line) allowing a high rate of information transmission with less wiring.
Each control unit transmits/receives data but selectively reads required data only.
FOR A/T MODELS
System Diagram
Input/Output Signal Chart
T: Transmit R: Receive Sensor Input Signal to ECMECM func-
tionActuator
Park/neutral position (PNP) switch Neutral position
Fuel cut
controlFuel injectors Throttle position sensor Throttle position
Accelerator pedal position sensor Accelerator pedal position
Engine coolant temperature sensor Engine coolant temperature
Crankshaft position sensor (POS) Engine speed
Wheel sensor Vehicle speed
SKIA0884E
Signals ECM TCM
Engine speed signal T R
Engine coolant temperature signal T R

EC-32
[QR (WITH EURO-OBD)]
BASIC SERVICE PROCEDURE
PREPARATION
Before performing “Idle Air Volume Learning”, make sure that all of the following conditions are satisfied.
Learning will be cancelled if any of the following conditions are missed for even a moment.
lBattery voltage: More than 12.9V (At idle)
lEngine coolant temperature: 70 - 100°C (158 - 212°F)
lPNP switch: ON
lElectric load switch: OFF
(Air conditioner, headlamp, rear window defogger)
On vehicles equipped with daytime light systems, set lighting switch to the 1st position to light
only small lamps.
lSteering wheel: Neutral (Straight-ahead position)
lVehicle speed: Stopped
lTransmission: Warmed-up
For A/T models with CONSULT-II, drive vehicle until “FLUID TEMP SE” in “DATA MONITOR” mode of “A/
T” system indicates less than 0.9V.
For A/T models without CONSULT-II and M/T models, drive vehicle for 10 minutes.
OPERATION PROCEDURE
With CONSULT-II
1. PerformEC-31, "Accelerator Pedal Released Position Learning".
2. PerformEC-31, "
Throttle Valve Closed Position Learning".
3. Start engine and warm it up to normal operating temperature.
4. Check that all items listed under the topic “PRE-CONDITIONING” (previously mentioned) are in good
order.
5. Select “IDLE AIR VOL LEARN” in “WORK SUPPORT” mode.
6. Touch “START” and wait 20 seconds.
SEF452Y
SEF454Y