2003 NISSAN ALMERA N16 FLUID

OVERALL SYSTEM
AT-27
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Control SystemECS007NJ
OUTLINE
The automatic transaxle senses vehicle operating conditions through various switches and sensors. It always
controls the optimum shift position and reduces shifting and lock-up shocks.
*: This sensor means Accelerator pedal position (APP) sensor.
CONTROL SYSTEM
SWITCHES & SENSORS TCM ACTUATORS
PNP switch
Throttle position sensor*
Engine speed signal
A/T fluid temperature sensor
Revolution sensor
Vehicle speed sensor
Overdrive control switch
Stop lamp switchShift control
Line pressure control
Lock-up control
Overrun clutch control
Timing control
Fail-safe control
Self-diagnosis
CONSULT-II communication line
controlShift solenoid valve A
Shift solenoid valve B
Overrun clutch solenoid valve
Torque converter clutch solenoid
valve
Line pressure solenoid valve
O/D OFF indicator lamp
SCIA0690E

AT-28
OVERALL SYSTEM
TCM FUNCTION
The function of the TCM is to:
●Receive input signals sent from various switches and sensors.
●Determine required line pressure, shifting point, lock-up operation, and engine brake operation.
●Send required output signals to the respective solenoid valves.
INPUT/OUTPUT SIGNAL OF TCM
Control MechanismECS007NK
LINE PRESSURE CONTROL
TCM has various line pressure control characteristics to match the driving conditions.
An ON-OFF duty signal is sent to the line pressure solenoid valve based on TCM characteristics.
Hydraulic pressure on the clutch and brake is electronically controlled through the line pressure solenoid valve
to accommodate engine torque. This results in smooth shift operation.
Normal Control
The line pressure to throttle opening characteristics is set for suitable
clutch operation.
Sensors, switches and solenoid
valvesFunction
InputPNP switch Detects select lever position and sends a signal to TCM.
Throttle position sensor (accelerator
pedal position (APP) sensor)Detects throttle valve position and sends a signal to TCM.
Engine speed signal From ECM.
A/T fluid temperature sensor Detects transmission fluid temperature and sends a signal to TCM.
Revolution sensor Detects output shaft rpm and sends a signal to TCM.
Vehicle speed sensorUsed as an auxiliary vehicle speed sensor. Sends a signal when revolution
sensor (installed on transmission) malfunctions.
Overdrive control switchSends a signal, which prohibits a shift to “D
4 ” (overdrive) position, to the
TCM.
Stop lamp switch Releases lock-up system when depressing pedal in lock-up condition.
OutputShift solenoid valve A/BSelects shifting point suited to driving conditions in relation to a signal sent
from TCM.
Line pressure solenoid valveRegulates (or decreases) line pressure suited to driving conditions in relation
to a signal sent from TCM.
Torque converter clutch solenoid
valveRegulates (or decreases) lock-up pressure suited to driving conditions in rela-
tion to a signal sent from TCM.
Overrun clutch solenoid valveControls an “engine brake” effect suited to driving conditions in relation to a
signal sent from TCM.
O/D OFF indicator lamp Shows TCM faults when A/T control components malfunction.
SAT003J

OVERALL SYSTEM
AT-29
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Back-up Control (Engine Brake)
If the selector lever is shifted to “2” position while driving in D4 (OD)
or D
3 , great driving force is applied to the clutch inside the transmis-
sion. Clutch operating pressure (line pressure) must be increased to
deal with this driving force.
During Shift Change
The line pressure is temporarily reduced corresponding to a change
in engine torque when shifting gears (that is, when the shift solenoid
valve is switched for clutch operation) to reduce shifting shock.
At Low Fluid Temperature
●Fluid viscosity and frictional characteristics of the clutch facing change with fluid temperature. Clutch
engaging or band-contacting pressure is compensated for, according to fluid temperature, to stabilize
shifting quality.
●The line pressure is reduced below 60°C (140°F) to prevent
shifting shock due to low viscosity of automatic transmission
fluid when temperature is low.
●Line pressure is increased to a maximum irrespective of the
throttle opening when fluid temperature drops to −10°C (14°F).
This pressure rise is adopted to prevent a delay in clutch and
brake operation due to extreme drop of fluid viscosity at low
temperature.
SAT004J
SAT005J
SAT006J
SAT007J

AT-30
OVERALL SYSTEM
SHIFT CONTROL
The shift is regulated entirely by electronic control to accommodate vehicle speed and varying engine opera-
tions. This is accomplished by electrical signals transmitted by the revolution sensor and throttle position sen-
sor. This results in improved acceleration performance and fuel economy.
Control of Shift Solenoid Valves A and B
The TCM activates shift solenoid valves A and B according to sig-
nals from the throttle position sensor and revolution sensor to select
the optimum gear position on the basis of the shift schedule memo-
rized in the TCM.
The shift solenoid valve performs simple ON-OFF operation. When
set to “ON”, the drain circuit closes and pilot pressure is applied to
the shift valve.
Relation Between Shift Solenoid Valves A and B and Gear Positions
Control of Shift Valves A and B
Pilot pressure generated by the operation of shift solenoid valves A and B is applied to the end face of shift
valves A and B.
The drawing above shows the operation of shift valve B. When the shift solenoid valve is “ON”, pilot pressure
applied to the end face of the shift valve overcomes spring force, moving the valve to right side on illustration.
LOCK-UP CONTROL
The torque converter clutch piston in the torque converter is locked to eliminate torque converter slip to
increase power transmission efficiency. The solenoid valve is controlled by an ON-OFF duty signal sent from
the TCM. The signal is converted to an oil pressure signal which controls the torque converter clutch piston.
Conditions for Lock-Up Operation
When vehicle is driven in 4th gear position, vehicle speed and throttle opening are detected. If the detected
values fall within the lock-up zone memorized in the TCM, lock-up is performed.
SAT008J
Shift solenoid valveGear position
D1 , 21 , 11D2 , 22 , 12D3D4 (OD) N-P
A ON (Closed) OFF (Open) OFF (Open) ON (Closed) ON (Closed)
B ON (Closed) ON (Closed) OFF (Open) OFF (Open) ON (Closed)
SAT009J
Overdrive control switch ON OFF
Selector lever “D” position
Gear position D
4D3
Vehicle speed sensor More than set value
Throttle position sensor Less than set opening
Closed throttle position switch OFF
A/T fluid temperature sensor More than 40°C (104°F)

TROUBLE DIAGNOSIS — INDEX
AT-35
[EURO-OBD]
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[EURO-OBD]TROUBLE DIAGNOSIS — INDEXPFP:00000
Alphabetical & P No. Index for DTCECS007NM
ALPHABETICAL INDEX FOR DTC
Check if the vehicle is a model with EURO-OBD system or not by the “Type approval number” on the identifi-
cation plate. Refer to GI-41, "IDENTIFICATION PLATE".
●*1: These numbers are prescribed by ISO 15031-5.
●*2: When the fail-safe operation occurs, the MI illuminates.
●*3: The MI illuminates when both the “Revolution sensor signal” and the “Vehicle speed sensor signal” meet the fail-safe condition at
the same time.Type approval number Model
Available With EURO-OBD system
Not available (blank) Without EURO-OBD system
Items
(CONSULT-II screen terms)DTC
Reference page
CONSULT-II
GST*
1
A/T 1ST GR FNCTN P0731AT-133, "DTC P0731 A/T 1ST
GEAR FUNCTION"
A/T 2ND GR FNCTN P0732AT-139, "DTC P0732 A/T 2ND
GEAR FUNCTION"
A/T 3RD GR FNCTN P0733AT-145, "DTC P0733 A/T 3RD
GEAR FUNCTION"
A/T 4TH GR FNCTN P0734AT-151, "DTC P0734 A/T 4TH
GEAR FUNCTION"
ATF TEMP SEN/CIRC P0710AT- 11 7 , "
DTC P0710 A/T FLUID
TEMPERATURE SENSOR
CIRCUIT"
ENGINE SPEED SIG P0725AT-129, "DTC P0725 ENGINE
SPEED SIGNAL"
L/PRESS SOL/CIRC P0745AT-164, "
DTC P0745 LINE
PRESSURE SOLENOID
VA LV E"
O/R CLTCH SOL/CIRC P1760AT-187, "
DTC P1760 OVER-
RUN CLUTCH SOLENOID
VA LV E"
PNP SW/CIRC P0705AT- 111 , "
DTC P0705 PARK/
NEUTRAL POSITION (PNP)
SWITCH"
SFT SOL A/CIRC*2P0750AT- 1 7 1 , "DTC P0750 SHIFT
SOLENOID VALVE A"
SFT SOL B/CIRC*2P0755AT- 1 7 6 , "DTC P0755 SHIFT
SOLENOID VALVE B"
TCC SOLENOID/CIRC P0740AT-159, "
DTC P0740 TORQUE
CONVERTER CLUTCH SOLE-
NOID VALVE"
TP SEN/CIRC A/T*2P1705AT-181, "
DTC P1705 ACCEL-
ERATOR PEDAL POSITION
(APP) SENSOR"
VEH SPD SEN/CIR AT*3P0720AT- 1 2 3 , "
DTC P0720 VEHICLE
SPEED SENSOR A/T (REVO-
LUTION SENSOR)"
CAN COMM CIRCUIT U1000AT-192, "DTC U1000 CAN
COMMUNICATION LINE"

AT-36
[EURO-OBD]
TROUBLE DIAGNOSIS — INDEX
P NO. INDEX FOR DTC
Check if the vehicle is a model with EURO-OBD system or not by the “Type approval number” on the identifi-
cation plate. Refer to GI-41, "IDENTIFICATION PLATE".
●*1: These numbers are prescribed by ISO 15031-5.
●*2: When the fail-safe operation occurs, the MI illuminates.
●*3: The MI illuminates when both the “Revolution sensor signal” and the “Vehicle speed sensor signal” meet the fail-safe condition at
the same time.Type approval number Model
Available With EURO-OBD system
Not available (blank) Without EURO-OBD system
DTC
Items
(CONSULT-II screen terms)Reference page
CONSULT-II
GST*
1
P0705 PNP SW/CIRCAT- 111 , "
DTC P0705 PARK/
NEUTRAL POSITION (PNP)
SWITCH"
P0710 ATF TEMP SEN/CIRCAT- 11 7 , "
DTC P0710 A/T FLUID
TEMPERATURE SENSOR
CIRCUIT"
P0720
VEH SPD SEN/CIR AT*3AT-123, "DTC P0720 VEHICLE
SPEED SENSOR A/T (REVO-
LUTION SENSOR)"
P0725 ENGINE SPEED SIGAT-129, "DTC P0725 ENGINE
SPEED SIGNAL"
P0731 A/T 1ST GR FNCTNAT- 1 3 3 , "DTC P0731 A/T 1ST
GEAR FUNCTION"
P0732 A/T 2ND GR FNCTNAT-139, "DTC P0732 A/T 2ND
GEAR FUNCTION"
P0733 A/T 3RD GR FNCTNAT-145, "DTC P0733 A/T 3RD
GEAR FUNCTION"
P0734 A/T 4TH GR FNCTNAT-151, "DTC P0734 A/T 4TH
GEAR FUNCTION"
P0740 TCC SOLENOID/CIRCAT-159, "
DTC P0740 TORQUE
CONVERTER CLUTCH SOLE-
NOID VALVE"
P0745 L/PRESS SOL/CIRCAT- 1 6 4 , "
DTC P0745 LINE
PRESSURE SOLENOID
VA LV E"
P0750
SFT SOL A/CIRC*2AT-171, "DTC P0750 SHIFT
SOLENOID VALVE A"
P0755
SFT SOL B/CIRC*2AT-176, "DTC P0755 SHIFT
SOLENOID VALVE B"
P1705
TP SEN/CIRC A/T*2AT- 1 8 1 , "DTC P1705 ACCEL-
ERATOR PEDAL POSITION
(APP) SENSOR"
P1760 O/R CLTCH SOL/CIRCAT-187, "
DTC P1760 OVER-
RUN CLUTCH SOLENOID
VA LV E"
U1000 CAN COMM CIRCUITAT- 1 9 2 , "DTC U1000 CAN
COMMUNICATION LINE"

ON BOARD DIAGNOSTIC SYSTEM DESCRIPTION
AT-43
[EURO-OBD]
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X: Applicable
—: Not applicable
*1: These malfunctions cannot be displayed by MI if another malfunction is assigned to lamp MI.
*2: Refer to AT- 4 1 , "
Malfunction Indicator (MI)" .
*3: A/T COMM LINE means CAN COMM LINE in this model.
DATA MONITOR MODE (A/T)
A/T fluid temperature sensor●TCM receives an excessively low
or high voltage from the sensor.
X P0710
BATT/FLUID TEMP
SENATF TEMP SEN/
CIRC
Engine control
●The ECM-A/T communication line
is open or shorted.X U1000
A/T COMM LINE
*3—
TCM (RAM)
●TCM memory (RAM) is malfunc-
tioning.
——
CONTROL UNIT
(RAM)—
TCM (ROM)
●TCM memory (ROM) is malfunc-
tioning.
——
CONTROL UNIT
(ROM)—
TCM (EEP ROM)
●TCM memory (EEP ROM) is mal-
functioning.
——
CONT UNIT (EEP
ROM)—
Initial start
●This is not a malfunction message
(Whenever shutting off a power
supply to the TCM, this message
appears on the screen.)X— INITIAL START
—
No failure
(NO SELF DIAGNOSTIC FAILURE INDI-
CATED FURTHER TESTING MAY BE
REQUIRED**)
●No failure has been detected.
XX Detected items
(Screen terms for CONSULT-II, “SELF
DIAGNOSIS” test mode)
Malfunction is detected when...TCM self-diagnosis EURO-OBD (DTC)
Available by O/D OFF
indicator lamp or “A/T”
on CONSULT-IIAvailable by malfunc-
tion indicator*
2 ,
“ENGINE” on CON-
SULT-II or GST “A/T” “ENGINE”
Item DisplayMover to center Monitor items
Description Remarks TCM
Input
signalsCAN
comm
sig-
nalsMain
signalsSelection
from
menu
Vehicle speed
sensor 1 (A/T)
(Revolution sen-
sor)VHCL/S SE·A/T
[km/h] or [mph]
X——
●Vehicle speed com-
puted from signal of
revolution sensor is
displayed.When racing engine in N
or P with vehicle station-
ary, CONSULT-II data
may not indicate 0 km/h
(0 mph).
Vehicle speed
sensor 2
(Meter)VHCL/S
SE·MTR
[km/h] or [mph]
X——
●Vehicle speed com-
puted from signal of
vehicle speed sensor is
displayed.Vehicle speed display
may not be accurate
under approx. 10 km/h
(6 mph). It may not indi-
cate 0 km/h (0 mph)
when vehicle is station-
ary.

AT-44
[EURO-OBD]
ON BOARD DIAGNOSTIC SYSTEM DESCRIPTION
Throttle position
sensorTHRTL POS
SEN
[V]X——●Throttle position sensor
signal voltage is dis-
played.This sensor means
accelerator pedal posi-
tion(APP)sensor.
A/T fluid tempera-
ture sensorFLUID TEMP SE
[V]
X——
●A/T fluid temperature
sensor signal voltage is
displayed.
●Signal voltage lowers
as fluid temperature
rises.
Battery voltage BATTERY VOLT
[V]X——
●Source voltage of TCM
is displayed.
Engine speed ENGINE SPEED
[rpm]
X—X
●Engine speed, com-
puted from engine
speed signal, is dis-
played.Engine speed display
may not be accurate
under approx. 800 rpm.
It may not indicate 0 rpm
even when engine is not
running.
Overdrive control
switchOVERDRIVE
SW
[ON/OFF]X——
●ON/OFF state com-
puted from signal of
overdrive control SW is
displayed.
PN position (PNP)
switchPN POSI SW
[ON/OFF]
X——
●ON/OFF state com-
puted from signal of PN
position SW is dis-
played.
R position switch R POSITION SW
[ON/OFF]
X——
●ON/OFF state com-
puted from signal of R
position SW is dis-
played.
D position switch D POSITION SW
[ON/OFF]
X——
●ON/OFF state com-
puted from signal of D
position SW is dis-
played.
2 position switch 2 POSITION SW
[ON/OFF]
X——
●ON/OFF status, com-
puted from signal of 2
position SW, is dis-
played.
1 position switch 1 POSITION SW
[ON/OFF]
X——
●ON/OFF status, com-
puted from signal of 1
position SW, is dis-
played.
Kickdown switch KICKDOWN SW
[ON/OFF]
X——
●ON/OFF status, com-
puted from signal of
kick down SW, is dis-
played.●This is displayed even
when no kick down
switch is equipped.
Gear position GEAR
—— X
●Gear position data
used for computation
by TCM, is displayed.
Selector lever
positionSLCT LVR POSI
—— X
●Selector lever position
data, used for compu-
tation by TCM, is dis-
played.●A specific value used
for control is displayed
if fail-safe is activated
due to error. Item DisplayMover to center Monitor items
Description Remarks TCM
Input
signalsCAN
comm
sig-
nalsMain
signalsSelection
from
menu