2001 NISSAN X-TRAIL engine coolant

EC-446
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ENGINE CONTROL SYSTEM
SYSTEM DESCRIPTION
The ignition timing is controlled by the ECM to maintain the best air-
fuel ratio for every running condition of the engine. The ignition tim-
ing data is stored in the ECM. This data forms the map shown.
The ECM receives information such as the injection pulse width and
camshaft position sensor signal. Computing this information, ignition
signals are transmitted to the power transistor.
e.g., N: 1,800 rpm, Tp: 1.50 msec
A°BTDC
During the following conditions, the ignition timing is revised by the
ECM according to the other data stored in the ECM.
●At starting
●During warm-up
●At idle
●At low battery voltage
●During acceleration
The knock sensor retard system is designed only for emergencies. The basic ignition timing is programmed
within the anti-knocking zone, if recommended fuel is used under dry conditions. The retard system does not
operate under normal driving conditions. If engine knocking occurs, the knock sensor monitors the condition.
The signal is transmitted to the ECM. The ECM retards the ignition timing to eliminate the knocking condition.
Air Conditioning Cut ControlEBS00NDW
INPUT/OUTPUT SIGNAL CHART
SYSTEM DESCRIPTION
This system improves engine operation when the air conditioner is used.
Under the following conditions, the air conditioner is turned off.
●When the accelerator pedal is fully depressed.
●When cranking the engine.
●At high engine speeds.
●When the engine coolant temperature becomes excessively high.
●When operating power steering during low engine speed or low vehicle speed.
●When engine speed is excessively low.
●When refrigerant pressure is excessively low or high.
SEF742M
Sensor Input Signal to ECM ECM function Actuator
Air conditioner switch Air conditioner “ON” signal
Air conditioner
cut controlAir conditioner relay Throttle position sensor Throttle valve opening angle
Crankshaft position sensor (POS) Engine speed
Engine coolant temperature sensor Engine coolant temperature
Ignition switch Start signal
Refrigerant pressure sensor Refrigerant pressure
Power steering pressure sensor Power steering operation
Wheel sensor Vehicle speed

ENGINE CONTROL SYSTEM
EC-447
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EC
Fuel Cut Control (at No Load and High Engine Speed)EBS00NDX
INPUT/OUTPUT SIGNAL CHART
SYSTEM DESCRIPTION
If the engine speed is above 1,800 rpm with no load (for example, in neutral and engine speed over 1,800
rpm) fuel will be cut off after some time. The exact time when the fuel is cut off varies based on engine speed.
Fuel cut will operate until the engine speed reaches 1,500 rpm, then fuel cut is cancelled.
NOTE:
This function is different from deceleration control listed under “Multiport Fuel Injection (MFI) System”, EC-443
.
CAN CommunicationEBS00NLT
SYSTEM DESCRIPTION
CAN (Controller Area Network) is a serial communication line for real time application. It is an on-vehicle mul-
tiplex communication line with high data communication speed and excellent error detection ability. Many elec-
tronic control units are equipped onto a vehicle, and each control unit shares information and links with other
control units during operation (not independent). In CAN communication, control units are connected with 2
communication lines (CAN H line, CAN L line) allowing a high rate of information transmission with less wiring.
Each control unit transmits/receives data but selectively reads required data only.
FOR A/T MODELS
System diagram
Input/output signal chart
T: Transmit R: Receive Sensor Input Signal to ECMECM
functionActuator
Park/neutral position (PNP) switch Neutral position
Fuel cut
controlFuel injectors Throttle position sensor Throttle position
Accelerator pedal position sensor Accelerator pedal position
Engine coolant temperature sensor Engine coolant temperature
Crankshaft position sensor (POS) Engine speed
Wheel sensor Vehicle speed
SKIA0884E
Signals ECM TCM
Engine coolant temperature signal T R
Accelerator pedal position signal T R
A/T self-diagnosis signal R T

EC-450
[QR25(WITHOUT EURO-OBD)]
BASIC SERVICE PROCEDURE
3. Turn ignition switch “OFF” wait at least 10 seconds.
Make sure that throttle valve moves during above 10 seconds by confirming the operating sound.
Idle Air Volume LearningEBS00NE2
DESCRIPTION
“Idle Air Volume Learning” is an operation to learn the idle air volume that keeps each engine within the spe-
cific range. It must be performed under any of the following conditions:
●Each time electric throttle control actuator or ECM is replaced.
●Idle speed or ignition timing is out of specification.
PREPARATION
Before performing “Idle Air Volume Learning”, make sure that all of the following conditions are satisfied.
Learning will be cancelled if any of the following conditions are missed for even a moment.
●Battery voltage: More than 12.9V (At idle)
●Engine coolant temperature: 70 - 100°C (158 - 212°F)
●PNP switch: ON
●Electric load switch: OFF
(Air conditioner, headlamp, rear window defogger)
On vehicles equipped with daytime light systems, set lighting switch to the 1st position to light
only small lamps.
●Steering wheel: Neutral (Straight-ahead position)
●Vehicle speed: Stopped
●Transmission: Warmed-up
For A/T models with CONSULT-II, drive vehicle until “FLUID TEMP SE” in “DATA MONITOR” mode of “A/
T” system indicates less than 0.9V.
For A/T models without CONSULT-II and M/T models, drive vehicle for 10 minutes.
OPERATION PROCEDURE
With CONSULT-II
1. Perform EC-449, "Accelerator Pedal Released Position Learning" .
2. Perform EC-449, "
Throttle Valve Closed Position Learning" .
3. Start engine and warm it up to normal operating temperature.
4. Check that all items listed under the topic “PREPARATION” (previously mentioned) are in good order.
5. Select “IDLE AIR VOL LEARN” in “WORK SUPPORT” mode.
6. Touch “START” and wait 20 seconds.
SEF452Y
SEF454Y

ON BOARD DIAGNOSTIC (OBD) SYSTEM
EC-455
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EC
How to Read DTC and 1st Trip DTC
DTC and 1st trip DTC can be read by the following methods.
With CONSULT-II
CONSULT-II displays the DTC in “SELF-DIAG RESULTS” mode. Examples: P0117, P0340, P1065, etc.
(CONSULT-II also displays the malfunctioning component or system.)
Without CONSULT-II
The number of blinks of the MI in the Diagnostic Test Mode II (Self-Diagnostic Results) indicates the DTC.
Example: 0117, 0340 1065 etc.
●1st trip DTC No. is the same as DTC No.
●Output of a DTC indicates a malfunction. However, the Diagnostic Test Mode II does not indicate
whether the malfunction is still occurring or has occurred in the past and has returned to normal.
CONSULT-II can identify malfunction status as shown below. Therefore, using CONSULT-II (if avail-
able) is recommended.
A sample of CONSULT-II display for DTC and 1st trip DTC is shown below. DTC or 1st trip DTC of a malfunc-
tion is displayed in SELF-DIAGNOSTIC RESULTS mode of CONSULT-II. Time data indicates how many times
the vehicle was driven after the last detection of a DTC.
If the DTC is being detected currently, the time data will be “0”.
If a 1st trip DTC is stored in the ECM, the time data will be “[1t]”.
FREEZE FRAME DATA AND 1ST TRIP FREEZE FRAME DATA
The ECM records the driving conditions such as fuel system status, calculated load value, engine coolant tem-
perature, short term fuel trim, long term fuel trim, engine speed, vehicle speed, base fuel schedule and intake
air temperature at the moment a malfunction is detected.
Data which are stored in the ECM memory, along with the 1st trip DTC, are called 1st trip freeze frame data.
The data, stored together with the DTC data, are called freeze frame data and displayed on CONSULT-II. For
details, see EC-489
.
Only one set of freeze frame data (either 1st trip freeze frame data or freeze frame data) can be stored in the
ECM. 1st trip freeze frame data is stored in the ECM memory along with the 1st trip DTC. There is no priority
for 1st trip freeze frame data and it is updated each time a different 1st trip DTC is detected. However, once
freeze frame data (2nd trip detection/MI on) is stored in the ECM memory, 1st trip freeze frame data is no
longer stored. Remember, only one set of freeze frame data can be stored in the ECM.
Both 1st trip freeze frame data and freeze frame data (along with the DTCs) are cleared when the ECM mem-
ory is erased. Procedures for clearing the ECM memory are described in EC-455, "
HOW TO ERASE EMIS-
SION-RELATED DIAGNOSTIC INFORMATION" .
HOW TO ERASE EMISSION-RELATED DIAGNOSTIC INFORMATION
How to Erase DTC ( With CONSULT-II)
The emission related diagnostic information in the ECM can be erased by selecting “ERASE” in the “SELF-
DIAG RESULTS” mode with CONSULT-II.
1. If the ignition switch stays “ON” after repair work, be sure to turn ignition switch “OFF” once. Wait at least
10 seconds and then turn it “ON” (engine stopped) again.
2. Touch “ENGINE”.
3. Touch “SELF-DIAG RESULTS”.
PBIB0911E

ON BOARD DIAGNOSTIC (OBD) SYSTEM
EC-459
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DIAGNOSTIC TEST MODE II — SELF-DIAGNOSTIC RESULTS
In this mode, the DTC and 1st trip DTC are indicated by the number of blinks of the MI as shown below.
The DTC and 1st trip DTC are displayed at the same time. If the MI does not illuminate in diagnostic test mode
I (Malfunction warning), all displayed items are 1st trip DTCs. If only one code is displayed when the MI illumi-
nates in diagnostic test mode II (SELF-DIAGNOSTIC RESULTS), it is a DTC; if two or more codes are dis-
played, they may be either DTCs or 1st trip DTCs. DTC No. is same as that of 1st trip DTC. These unidentified
codes can be identified by using the CONSULT-II. A DTC will be used as an example for how to read a code.
A particular trouble code can be identified by the number of four-digit numeral flashes. The “zero” is indicated
by the number of ten flashes. The length of time the 1,000th-digit numeral flashes on and off is 1.2 seconds
consisting of an ON (0.6-second) - OFF (0.6-second) cycle.
The 100th-digit numeral and lower digit numerals consist of a 0.3-second ON and 0.3-second OFF cycle.
A change from one digit numeral to another occurs at an interval of 1.0-second OFF. In other words, the later
numeral appears on the display 1.3 seconds after the former numeral has disappeared.
A change from one trouble code to another occurs at an interval of 1.8-second OFF.
In this way, all the detected malfunctions are classified by their DTC numbers. The DTC “0000” refers to no
malfunction. (See E C - 111 9 , "
INDEX FOR DTC" )
How to Erase Diagnostic Test Mode II (Self-diagnostic Results)
The DTC can be erased from the back up memory in the ECM by depressing accelerator pedal. Refer to EC-
458, "HOW TO SWITCH DIAGNOSTIC TEST MODE" .
●If the battery is disconnected, the DTC will be lost from the backup memory after approx 24 hours.
●Be careful not to erase the stored memory before starting trouble diagnoses.
DIAGNOSTIC TEST MODE II — HEATED OXYGEN SENSOR 1 MONITOR
In this mode, the MI displays the condition of the fuel mixture (lean or rich) which is monitored by the heated
oxygen sensor 1.
*: Maintains conditions just before switching to open loop.
To check the heated oxygen sensor 1 function, start engine in the Diagnostic Test Mode II and warm it up until
engine coolant temperature indicator points to the middle of the gauge.
Next run engine at about 2,000 rpm for about 2 minutes under no-load conditions. Then make sure that the MI
comes ON more than 5 times within 10 seconds with engine running at 2,000 rpm under no-load.
SEF952W
MI Fuel mixture condition in the exhaust gas Air-fuel ratio feedback control condition
ON Lean
Closed loop system
OFF Rich
*Remains ON or OFF Any condition Open loop system

EC-464
[QR25(WITHOUT EURO-OBD)]
TROUBLE DIAGNOSIS
Fail-safe Chart
EBS00NEB
The ECM enters fail-safe mode, if any of the following malfunctions is detected due to the open or short circuit.
When the ECM enters the fail-safe mode, the MI illuminates.
Priority Detected items (DTC)
1
●U1000 CAN communication line
●P0102 P0103 Mass air flow sensor
●P0117 P0118 Engine coolant temperature sensor
●P0122 P0123 P0222 P0223 P1225 P1226 P1229 P2135 Throttle position sensor
●P0327 P0328 Knock sensor
●P0335 Crankshaft position sensor (POS)
●P0340 Camshaft position sensor (PHASE)
●P0500 Vehicle speed sensor
●P0605 ECM
●P2122 P2123 P2127 P2128 P2138 Accelerator pedal position sensor
2
●P0134 Heated oxygen sensor 1
●P0550 Power steering pressure sensor
●P0650 MI
●P1122 Electric throttle control function
●P1124 P1126 P1128 Electric throttle control actuator
●P1805 Brake switch
3
●P1121 Electric throttle control actuator
●P1217 Engine over temperature (OVERHEAT)
DTC No. Detected items Engine operating condition in fail-safe mode
P0117
P0118Engine coolant tempera-
ture sensor circuitEngine coolant temperature will be determined by ECM based on the time after turning
ignition switch “ON” or “START”.
CONSULT-II displays the engine coolant temperature decided by ECM.
ConditionEngine coolant temperature decided (CONSULT-
II display)
Just as ignition switch is turned
ON or Start40°C (104°F)
More than approx. 4 minutes after
ignition ON or Start80°C (176°F)
Except as shown above40 - 80°C (104 - 176°F)
(Depends on the time)
When the fail-safe system for engine coolant temperature sensor is activated, the cool-
ing fan operates while engine is running.
P0122
P0123
P0222
P0223
P2135Throttle position sensor The ECM controls the electric throttle control actuator in regulating the throttle opening
in order for the idle position to be within +10 degrees.
The ECM regulates the opening speed of the throttle valve to be slower than the nor-
mal condition.
So, the acceleration will be poor.
P1121 Electric throttle control actu-
ator
(ECM detect the throttle
valve is stuck open.)While the vehicle is driving, it slows down gradually by fuel cut. After the vehicle stops,
the engine stalls.
The engine can restart in “N” or “P” position, and engine speed will not exceed 1,000
rpm or more.
P1122 Electric throttle control func-
tionECM stops the electric throttle control actuator control, throttle valve is maintained at a
fixed opening (approx. 5 degrees) by the return spring.
P1124
P1126Throttle control relay ECM stops the electric throttle control actuator control, throttle valve is maintained at a
fixed opening (approx. 5 degrees) by the return spring.
P1128 Throttle control motor ECM stops the electric throttle control actuator control, throttle valve is maintained at a
fixed opening (approx. 5 degrees) by the return spring.

TROUBLE DIAGNOSIS
EC-465
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EC
Basic InspectionEBS00NEC
1.INSPECTION START
1. Check service records for any recent repairs that may indicate a related incident, or a current need for
scheduled maintenance.
2. Open engine hood and check the following:
–Harness connectors for improper connections
–Wiring harness for improper connections, pinches and cut
–Vacuum hoses for splits, kinks and improper connections
–Hoses and ducts for leaks
–Air cleaner clogging
–Gasket
3. Confirm that electrical or mechanical loads are not applied.
–Headlamp switch is OFF.
–Air conditioner switch is OFF.
–Rear window defogger switch is OFF.
–Steering wheel is in the straight-ahead position, etc.
4. Start engine and warm it up until engine coolant temperature
indicator points the middle of gauge.
Ensure engine stays below 1,000 rpm.
5. Run engine at about 2,000 rpm for about 2 minutes under no-
load.
6. Make sure that no DTC is displayed with CONSULT-II or GST.
OK or NG
OK >> GO TO 3.
NG >> GO TO 2.
2.REPAIR OR REPLACE
Repair or replace components as necessary according to corresponding “Diagnostic Procedure”.
>> GO TO 3.
P1229 Sensor power supply ECM stops the electric throttle control actuator control, throttle valve is maintained at a
fixed opening (approx. 5 degrees) by the return spring.
P2122
P2123
P2127
P2128
P2138Accelerator pedal position
sensorThe ECM controls the electric throttle control actuator in regulating the throttle opening
in order for the idle position to be within +10 degrees.
The ECM regulates the opening speed of the throttle valve to be slower than the nor-
mal condition.
So, the acceleration will be poor. DTC No. Detected items Engine operating condition in fail-safe mode
SEF983U
SEF976U
SEF977U

EC-470
[QR25(WITHOUT EURO-OBD)]
TROUBLE DIAGNOSIS
1 - 6: The numbers refer to the order of inspection.
(continued on next page)Air Positive crankcase ventilation sys-
tem334444444 41EC-1389
Incorrect idle speed adjustment 33 1111 1EC-465
Electric throttle control actuator 112332222 2 2EC-1273
,
EC-1275
,
EC-1281
IgnitionIncorrect ignition timing adjustment33111 11 1EC-465
Ignition circuit 11222 22 2EC-1331
Main power supply and ground circuit 22333 33 23EC-1193
Mass air flow sensor circuit 11222 22 2EC-1202
Engine coolant temperature sensor circuit 11222322312EC-1209
Throttle position sensor circuit 12 22222 2EC-1214
Accelerator pedal position sensor circuit3212 2EC-1222
Heated oxygen sensor 1 circuit 1232 22 2EC-1229,
EC-671
Knock sensor circuit 2 2 3EC-1235
Crankshaft position sensor (POS) circuit 2 2EC-1240
Camshaft position sensor (PHASE) circuit 2 2EC-1246
Vehicle speed signal circuit 2 3 3 3EC-1252
Power steering pressure sensor circuit 2 3333EC-1257
ECM 22333333333EC-1262,
EC-1269
Intake valve timing control solenoid valve cir-
cuit332 13223 3EC-699
VIAS control solenoid valve circuit 1EC-714
PNP switch circuit 3 3 3 3 3 3 3EC-705
Start signal circuit 2EC-1362
Refrigerant pressure sensor circuit 2 3333 4EC-1373
Electrical load signal circuit3333EC-1377
Air conditioner circuit 223333333 3 2AT C - 3 3
SYMPTOM
Reference
page
HARD/NO START/RESTART (EXCP. HA)
ENGINE STALL
HESITATION/SURGING/FLAT SPOT
SPARK KNOCK/DETONATION
LACK OF POWER/POOR ACCELERATION
HIGH IDLE/LOW IDLE
ROUGH IDLE/HUNTING
IDLING VIBRATION
SLOW/NO RETURN TO IDLE
OVERHEATS/WATER TEMPERATURE HIGH
EXCESSIVE FUEL CONSUMPTION
EXCESSIVE OIL CONSUMPTION
BATTERY DEAD (UNDER CHARGE)
Warranty symptom code AA AB AC AD AE AF AG AH AJ AK AL AM HA