2001 NISSAN ALMERA N16 automatic transaxle

Maintenance Under Severe Driving ConditionsNJMA0005S06The maintenance intervals shown on the preceding pages are for normal operating conditions. If the vehicle
is mainly operated under severe driving conditions as shown below, more frequent maintenance must be per-
formed on the following items as shown in the table.
Severe driving conditions
A Ð Driving under dusty conditions
B Ð Driving repeatedly short distances
C Ð Towing a trailer or caravan
D Ð Extensive idling
E Ð Driving in extremely adverse weather conditions or in areas where ambient temperatures are either
extremely low or extremely high
F Ð Driving in high humidity areas or in mountainous areas
G Ð Driving in areas using salt or other corrosive materials
H Ð Driving on rough and/or muddy roads or in the desert
I Ð Driving with frequent use of braking or in mountainous areas
Maintenance operation: Check = Check and correct or replace as necessary.
Driving condition Maintenance itemMaintenance
operationMaintenance intervalReference
page
A........Aircleaner filter Replace More frequentlyEM-17,
EM-87
ABCD.....Engine oil & oil filter (Gaso-
line engine)ReplaceEvery 5,000 km (3,000
miles) or 3 monthsLC-8, LC-9
.....F...Brake fluid ReplaceEvery 20,000 km (12,000
miles) or 12 monthsBR-7
. . C . . . . H . Automatic transaxle fluid ReplaceEvery 40,000 km (24,000
miles) or 24 monthsAT-15
......GH.Steering gear & linkage, axle
& suspension parts & drive
shaftsCheckEvery 10,000 km (6,000
miles) or 6 monthsST-7, SU-6,
SU-18
A.C...GHIBrake pads, rotors & other
brake componentsCheckEvery 5,000 km (3,000
miles) or 3 monthsBR-27,
BR-35
A.C...GHIBrake linings, drums & other
brake componentsCheckEvery 10,000 km (6,000
miles) or 6 monthsBR-33
......G..Lock, hinges & hood latch LubricateEvery 5,000 km (3,000
miles) or 3 monthsBT-16, BT-7
A........Ventilation air filter Replace More frequently HA-102
PERIODIC MAINTENANCE (EXCEPT FOR EUROPE)
Maintenance Under Severe Driving Conditions
MA-7

Driving conditionMaintenance
itemMaintenance
operationMaintenance interval
..C....H....Automatic transaxle fluid
Petrol models ReplaceEvery 30,000 km (18,000 miles) or
24 months
A.C...GHI...Brake pads, rotors & other brake system components
Petrol models InspectEvery 7,500 km (4,500 miles) or 6
months
Diesel models InspectEvery 10,000 km (6,000 miles) or 6
months
......GH....Steering gear & linkage, axle & suspension parts, drive shafts,
exhaust system
Petrol models InspectEvery 15,000 km (9,000 miles) or
12 months
Diesel models InspectEvery 20,000 km (12,000 miles) or
12 months
PERIODIC MAINTENANCE (FOR EUROPE)
Maintenance Under Severe Driving Conditions (Annual Driving Distance < 30,000 km/year) (Cont'd)
MA-13

Maintenance Under Severe Driving Conditions
(Annual Driving Distance > 30,000 km/year)
=NJMA0043S06The maintenance intervals shown on the preceding pages are for normal operating conditions. If the vehicle
is mainly operated under severe driving conditions as shown below, more frequent maintenance must be per-
formed on the following items as shown in the table.
A Ð Driving under dusty conditions
B Ð Driving repeatedly short distances
C Ð Towing a trailer or caravan
D Ð Extensive idling
E Ð Driving in extremely adverse weather conditions or in areas where ambient temperatures are either
extremely low or extremely high
F Ð Driving in high humidity areas or in mountainous areas
G Ð Driving in areas using salt or other corrosive materials
H Ð Driving on rough and/or muddy roads or in the desert
I Ð Driving with frequent use of braking or in mountainous areas
J Ð Frequent off road use or driving in water
K Ð Sustained high speed driving
L Ð For models without Euro-OBD system
Driving conditionMaintenance
itemMaintenance
operationMaintenance interval
ABCD........Engine oil & engine oil filter
Petrol models Replace Every 7,500 km (4,500 miles)
Diesel models Replace Every 10,000 km (6,000 miles)
A...........Air cleaner filter
Petrol models Replace Every 30,000 km (18,000 miles)
Diesel models Replace Every 30,000 km (18,000 miles)
A...E.......Fuel filter
Diesel models Replace Every 30,000 km (18,000 miles)
...........LHeated Oxygen Sensor 1 (Front)
Petrol models Inspect Every 60,000 km (36,000 miles)
...........LHeated Oxygen Sensor 2 (Rear)
Petrol models Inspect Every 60,000 km (36,000 miles)
A...........Ventilation air filter
Petrol models Replace Every 15,000 km (9,000 miles)
Diesel models Replace Every 10,000 km (6,000 miles)
.....F......Brake fluid
Petrol models Replace Every 30,000 km (18,000 miles)
Diesel models Replace Every 30,000 km (18,000 miles)
..C....H....Automatic transaxle fluid
Petrol models Replace Every 60,000 km (36,000 miles)
A.C...GHI...Brake pads, rotors & other brake system components
Petrol models Inspect Every 15,000 km (9,000 miles)
Diesel models Inspect Every 10,000 km (6,000 miles)
PERIODIC MAINTENANCE (FOR EUROPE)
Maintenance Under Severe Driving Conditions (Annual Driving Distance > 30,000 km/year)
MA-18

NJMA0006
Fluids and LubricantsNJMA0006S01
Recommended fluids and lubricants
Engine oilQG engine+Except for Europe
API SE, SF, SG, SH or SJ*1
ILSAC grade GF-I or GF-II*1
+For Europe
API SG, SH or SJ*1
ILSAC grade GF-I or GF-II*1
ACEA 96-A2
YD engine+Except for Europe
API CD, CE, CF or CF-4*1, *2
+For Europe
API CF-4*1, *2
ACEA 98-B1
Cooling system+Except for Europe
Nissan genuine engine coolant, or equivalent in its quality*3
+For Europe
Genuine Nissan Anti-freeze Coolant (L2N) or equivalent*3
Manual transaxle gear oil+Except for Europe
API GL-4
Viscosity SAE 75W-90
+For Europe
Genuine Nissan XZ gear oil or exact equivalent.
Automatic transaxle fluid Genuine Nissan ATF or equivalent*4
Power steering fluid Type Dexron
TMIII or equivalent
Brake and clutch fluid+Except for Europe
DOT 3 (US FMVSS No. 116)
+For Europe
DOT 3 or DOT 4 (US FMVSS No. 116)*5
Multi-purpose grease NLGI No. 2 (Lithium soap base)
*1: For further details, see ªSAE Viscosity Numberº.
*2: Never use API CG-4.
*3: Use Nissan genuine engine coolant [For Europe, use Genuine Nissan Anti-freeze Coolant (L2N)] or equivalent in its quality, in order
to avoid possible aluminum corrosion within the engine cooling system caused by the use of non-genuine engine coolant.
Note that any repairs for the incidents within the engine cooling system while using non-genuine engine coolant may not be
covered by the warranty even if such incidents occurred during the warranty period.
*4: Contact a Nissan dealership for more information regarding suitable fluids, including recommended brand(s) of Dexron
TMIII/MerconTM
Automatic Transmission Fluid.
*5: Never mix different types of fluids (DOT 3 and DOT 4).
RECOMMENDED FLUIDS AND LUBRICANTS
Fluids and Lubricants
MA-20

System DescriptionNJEC0573The malfunction information related to A/T (Automatic Transaxle) is transferred through the line (circuit) from
TCM (Transmission Control Module) to ECM. Therefore, be sure to erase the malfunction information such as
DTC not only in TCM (Transmission Control Module) but also ECM after the A/T related repair.
ECM Terminals and Reference ValueNJEC0574Specification data are reference values and are measured between each terminal and ground.
CAUTION:
Do not use ECM ground terminals when measuring input/output voltage. Doing so may result in dam-
age to the ECM's transistor. Use a ground other than ECM terminals, such as the ground.
TERMI-
NAL
NO.WIRE
COLORITEM CONDITION DATA (DC Voltage)
91 PU A/T check signal[Ignition switch ªONº]0 - Approximately 5V
On Board Diagnosis LogicNJEC0575
DTC No. Malfunction is detected when ... Check Items (Possible Cause)
P1605
1605+An incorrect signal from TCM (Transmission Control
Module) is sent to ECM.+Harness or connectors
[The communication line circuit between ECM
and TCM (Transmission Control Module) is open
or shorted.]
+Dead (Weak) battery
+TCM (Transmission Control Module)
SEF058Y
DTC Confirmation ProcedureNJEC0576NOTE:
If ªDTC CONFIRMATION PROCEDUREº has been previously
conducted, always turn ignition switch ªOFFº and wait at least 9
seconds before conducting the next test.
With CONSULT-II
1) Turn ignition switch ªONº.
2) Select ªDATA MONITORº mode with CONSULT-II.
3) Start engine and let it idle for at least 40 seconds.
4) If 1st trip DTC is detected, go to ªDiagnostic Procedureº,
EC-363.
With GST
Follow the procedure ªWith CONSULT-IIº above.
DTC P1605 A/T DIAGNOSIS COMMUNICATION LINEQG
System Description
EC-361

AUTOMATIC TRANSAXLE
SECTION
AT
CONTENTS
EURO-OBD
TROUBLE DIAGNOSIS - INDEX....................................5
Alphabetical & P No. Index for DTC ...........................5
PRECAUTIONS...............................................................7
Supplemental Restraint System (SRS)²AIR
BAG²and²SEAT BELT PRE-TENSIONER²...............7
Precautions for On Board Diagnostic (EURO-
OBD) System of A/T and Engine - Euro-OBD - ..........7
Precautions ..................................................................7
Service Notice or Precautions .....................................9
Wiring Diagrams and Trouble Diagnosis ...................10
PREPARATION............................................................. 11
Special Service Tools ................................................ 11
Commercial Service Tools .........................................13
A/T FLUID......................................................................15
Checking A/T Fluid ....................................................15
Changing A/T Fluid ....................................................15
OVERALL SYSTEM......................................................16
A/T Electrical Parts Location .....................................16
Circuit Diagram ..........................................................17
Cross-sectional View - ...............................................18
Hydraulic Control Circuit ............................................19
Shift Mechanism ........................................................20
Control System ..........................................................29
Control Mechanism ....................................................30
Control Valve .............................................................35
EXCEPT FOR EURO-OBD
ON BOARD DIAGNOSTIC SYSTEM............................37
CONSULT-II ...............................................................37
Diagnostic Procedure Without CONSULT-II ..............42
EURO-OBD
ON BOARD DIAGNOSTIC SYSTEM
DESCRIPTION...............................................................48Introduction ................................................................48
EURO-OBD Function for A/T System .......................48
One or Two Trip Detection Logic of EURO-OBD ......48
EURO-OBD Diagnostic Trouble Code (DTC)............48
Malfunction Indicator (MI) ..........................................52
CONSULT-II ...............................................................52
Diagnostic Procedure Without CONSULT-II ..............61
EXCEPT FOR EURO-OBD
TROUBLE DIAGNOSIS -...............................................67
Introduction ................................................................67
Work Flow ..................................................................71
EURO-OBD
TROUBLE DIAGNOSIS - INTRODUCTION..................72
Introduction ................................................................72
Work Flow ..................................................................76
TROUBLE DIAGNOSIS - BASIC INSPECTION...........78
A/T Fluid Check .........................................................78
Stall Test ....................................................................78
Line Pressure Test .....................................................82
Road Test...................................................................83
TROUBLE DIAGNOSIS - GENERAL
DESCRIPTION.............................................................103
Symptom Chart ........................................................103
TCM Terminals and Reference Value...................... 116
TROUBLE DIAGNOSIS FOR POWER SUPPLY........121
Wiring Diagram - AT - MAIN ....................................121
Diagnostic Procedure ..............................................122
EXCEPT FOR EURO-OBD
VEHICLE SPEED SENSOR.A/T..................................124
Description ...............................................................124
Wiring Diagram - AT - VSSA/T ................................126
Diagnostic Procedure ..............................................127

+The fluid has an odor, is discolored, and there is no evidence of metal or clutch facing particles.
+The threads in one or more of the converter bolt holes are damaged.
+Transaxle failure did not display evidence of damaged or worn internal parts, steel particles or clutch plate
lining material in unit and inside the fluid filter.
+Vehicle has been exposed to high mileage (only). The exception may be where the torque converter clutch
dampener plate lining has seen excess wear by vehicles operated in heavy and/or constant traffic, such
as taxi, delivery or police use.
EURO-OBD SELF-DIAGNOSIS Ð EURO-OBD ÐNJAT0247S04+A/T self-diagnosis is performed by the TCM in combination with the ECM. The results can be read through
the blinking pattern of the O/D OFF indicator or the malfunction indicator (MI). Refer to the table on AT-53
for the indicator used to display each self-diagnostic result.
+The self-diagnostic results indicated by the MI are automatically stored in both the ECM and TCM memo-
ries.
Always perform the procedure ªHOW TO ERASE DTCº on AT-50 to complete the repair and avoid
unnecessary blinking of the MI.
+The following self-diagnostic items can be detected using ECM self-diagnostic results mode* only when
the O/D OFF indicator lamp does not indicate any malfunctions.
þ PNP switch
þ A/T 1st, 2nd, 3rd, or 4th gear function
*: For details of EURO-OBD, refer to EC-57, ªON BOARD DIAGNOSTIC SYSTEM DESCRIPTIONº.
+Certain systems and components, especially those related to EURO-OBD, may use a new style
slide-locking type harness connector.
For description and how to disconnect, refer to EL-5, ªHARNESS CONNECTORº.
Wiring Diagrams and Trouble DiagnosisNJAT0248When you read wiring diagrams, refer to the following:
+GI-12, ªHOW TO READ WIRING DIAGRAMSº
+EL-10, ªPOWER SUPPLY ROUTINGº
When you perform trouble diagnosis, refer to the following:
+GI-32, ªHOW TO FOLLOW TEST GROUP IN TROUBLE DIAGNOSISº
+GI-21, ªHOW TO PERFORM EFFICIENT DIAGNOSIS FOR AN ELECTRICAL INCIDENTº
PRECAUTIONS
Service Notice or Precautions (Cont'd)
AT-10

Control System=NJAT0014OUTLINENJAT0014S01The automatic transaxle senses vehicle operating conditions through various switches and sensors. It always
controls the optimum shift position and reduces shifting and lock-up shocks.
SWITCHES & SENSORS
cTCM
cACTUATORS
PNP switch
Throttle position sensor
Closed throttle position switch
Wide open throttle position
switch
Engine speed signal
A/T fluid temperature sensor
Revolution sensor
Vehicle speed sensor
Overdrive control switch
Stop lamp switchShift control
Line pressure control
Lock-up control
Overrun clutch control
Timing control
Fail-safe control
Self-diagnosis
CONSULT-II communication line
control
Duet-EA controlShift solenoid valve A
Shift solenoid valve B
Overrun clutch solenoid valve
Torque converter clutch solenoid
valve
Line pressure solenoid valve
O/D OFF indicator lamp
CONTROL SYSTEMNJAT0014S02
SAT995J
OVERALL SYSTEM
Control System
AT-29