1999 SUBARU LEGACY engine

8. Time Lag Test
A: INSPECTION
1. GENERAL INFORMATION
If the shift lever is shifted while the engine is idling,
there will be a certain time elapse or lag before the
shock can be felt. This is used for checking the
condition of the low clutch, reverse clutch, low &
reverse brake and one-way clutch.
CAUTION:
IPerform the test at normal operation fluid
temperature 60 to 80ÉC (140 to 176ÉF).
IBe sure to allow a one minute interval
between tests.
IMake three measurements and take the aver-
age value.
2. TEST METHODS
1) Fully apply the parking brake.
2) Start the engine.
Check idling speed (A/C OFF).
ªNº range: 800±100 rpm
3) Shift the shift lever from ªNº to ªDº range.
Using a stop watch, measure the time it takes from
shifting the lever until the shock is felt.
Time lag: Less than 1.2 seconds
4) In same manner, measure the time lag for ªNº
®ªRº.
Time lag: Less than 1.5 seconds
3. EVALUATION
1) If ªNº®ªDº time lag is longer than specified:
ILine pressure too low
ILow clutch worn
IOne-way clutch not operating properly
2) If ªNº®ªRº time lag is longer than specified:
ILine pressure too low
IReverse clutch worn
ILow & reverse brake worn
9. Line Pressure Test
A: MEASUREMENT
1. GENERAL INFORMATION
If the clutch or the brake shows a sign of slippage
or shifting sensation is not correct, the line pres-
sure should be checked.
IExcessive shocks during upshifting or shifting
takes place at a higher point than under normal
circumstances, may be due to the line pressure
being too high.
ISlippage or inability to operate the vehicle may,
in most cases, be due to loss of oil pressure for the
operation of the clutch, brake or control valve.
1) Line pressure measurement (under no load)
CAUTION:
IBefore measuring line pressure, jack-up all
wheels.
IMaintain temperature of ATF at approxi-
mately 50ÉC (122ÉF) during measurement.
(ATF will reach the above temperature after
idling the engine for approximately 30 minutes
with select lever in ªNº or ªPº.)
2) Line pressure measurement (under heavy load)
CAUTION:
IBefore measuring line pressure, apply both
foot and parking brakes with all wheels
chocked (Same as for ªstallº test conditions).
IMeasure line pressure when select lever is in
ªRº, ª2º with engine under stall conditions.
IMeasure line pressure within 5 seconds after
shifting the select lever to each position. (If line
pressure needs to be measured again, allow
the engine to idle and then stop. Wait for at
least one minute before measurement.)
IMaintain the temperature of ATF at approxi-
mately 50ÉC (122ÉF) during measurement. (ATF
will reach the above temperature after idling
the engine for approximately 30 minutes with
the select lever in ªNº or ªPº.)
43
[W9A1]3-2SERVICE PROCEDURE
9. Line Pressure Test

8. Time Lag Test
A: INSPECTION
1. GENERAL INFORMATION
If the shift lever is shifted while the engine is idling,
there will be a certain time elapse or lag before the
shock can be felt. This is used for checking the
condition of the low clutch, reverse clutch, low &
reverse brake and one-way clutch.
CAUTION:
IPerform the test at normal operation fluid
temperature 60 to 80ÉC (140 to 176ÉF).
IBe sure to allow a one minute interval
between tests.
IMake three measurements and take the aver-
age value.
2. TEST METHODS
1) Fully apply the parking brake.
2) Start the engine.
Check idling speed (A/C OFF).
ªNº range: 800±100 rpm
3) Shift the shift lever from ªNº to ªDº range.
Using a stop watch, measure the time it takes from
shifting the lever until the shock is felt.
Time lag: Less than 1.2 seconds
4) In same manner, measure the time lag for ªNº
®ªRº.
Time lag: Less than 1.5 seconds
3. EVALUATION
1) If ªNº®ªDº time lag is longer than specified:
ILine pressure too low
ILow clutch worn
IOne-way clutch not operating properly
2) If ªNº®ªRº time lag is longer than specified:
ILine pressure too low
IReverse clutch worn
ILow & reverse brake worn
9. Line Pressure Test
A: MEASUREMENT
1. GENERAL INFORMATION
If the clutch or the brake shows a sign of slippage
or shifting sensation is not correct, the line pres-
sure should be checked.
IExcessive shocks during upshifting or shifting
takes place at a higher point than under normal
circumstances, may be due to the line pressure
being too high.
ISlippage or inability to operate the vehicle may,
in most cases, be due to loss of oil pressure for the
operation of the clutch, brake or control valve.
1) Line pressure measurement (under no load)
CAUTION:
IBefore measuring line pressure, jack-up all
wheels.
IMaintain temperature of ATF at approxi-
mately 50ÉC (122ÉF) during measurement.
(ATF will reach the above temperature after
idling the engine for approximately 30 minutes
with select lever in ªNº or ªPº.)
2) Line pressure measurement (under heavy load)
CAUTION:
IBefore measuring line pressure, apply both
foot and parking brakes with all wheels
chocked (Same as for ªstallº test conditions).
IMeasure line pressure when select lever is in
ªRº, ª2º with engine under stall conditions.
IMeasure line pressure within 5 seconds after
shifting the select lever to each position. (If line
pressure needs to be measured again, allow
the engine to idle and then stop. Wait for at
least one minute before measurement.)
IMaintain the temperature of ATF at approxi-
mately 50ÉC (122ÉF) during measurement. (ATF
will reach the above temperature after idling
the engine for approximately 30 minutes with
the select lever in ªNº or ªPº.)
43
[W9A1]3-2SERVICE PROCEDURE
9. Line Pressure Test

2. TEST METHODS
1) Temporarily attach the ST to a suitable place in
the driver's compartment, remove the blind plug
located in front of the toe board and pass the hose
of the ST to the engine compartment.
ST 498575400 OIL PRESSURE GAUGE
ASSY
B3M0568C
(A) Pressure gauge hose
(B) Hole in toe board (blank cap hole)
(C) Brake pedal
2) Remove the test plug and install ST instead.
ST 498897200 OIL PRESSURE GAUGE
ADAPTER
B3M1046A
3) Connect ST1 with ST2.
ST1 498897200 OIL PRESSURE GAUGE
ADAPTER
ST2 498575400 OIL PRESSURE GAUGE
ASSY4) Check for duty ratio changes by opening and
closing throttle valve using Subaru Select Monitor.
(1) Insert the cartridge to Subaru Select Moni-
tor.
ST 24082AA090 CARTRIDGE
S2M0286A
(2) Connect Subaru Select Monitor to data link
connector.
5) Check line pressure in accordance with the fol-
lowing chart.
3. EVALUATION
NOTE:
IUnder no load: ªDº
IUnder full load: ªRº, ª2º
(With engine running at stall speed)
Standard line pressure
Range
positionLine pressure
duty ratio (%)Line pressure
kPa (kg/cm
2, psi)
251,128 Ð 1,304
(11.5 Ð 13.3, 164 Ð 189)
R51,520 Ð 1,716
(15.5 Ð 17.5, 220 Ð 249)
D95304 Ð 412
(3.1 Ð 4.2, 44 Ð 60)
44
3-2[W9A2]SERVICE PROCEDURE
9. Line Pressure Test

10. Transfer Clutch Pressure
Test
A: MEASUREMENT
1. TEST METHODS
Check transfer clutch pressure in accordance with
the following chart in the same manner as with line
pressure.
ST 499897700 OIL PRESSURE ADAPTER
SET
ST 498575400 OIL PRESSURE GAUGE
ASSY
AWD mode: ªDº range
FWD mode: ªPº range, engine speed 2,000 rpm
CAUTION:
Before setting in FWD mode, install spare fuse
on FWD mode switch.
B3M1047
2. EVALUATION
NOTE:
If oil pressure is not produced or if it does not
change in the AWD mode, the duty solenoid C or
transfer valve assembly may be malfunctioning. If
oil pressure is produced in the FWD mode, the
problem is similar to that in the AWD mode.
Standard transfer clutch pressure kPa (kg/cm2, psi)
Duty ratio
(%)AWD mode FWD mode
5951 Ð 1,089
(9.7 Ð 11.1, 138 Ð 158)Ð
60226 Ð 294
(2.3 Ð 3.0, 33 Ð 43)Ð
95 Ð 0 (0, 0)
45
[W10A2]3-2SERVICE PROCEDURE
10. Transfer Clutch Pressure Test

E: INSTALLATION
1) Mount the selector lever onto the vehicle body.
2) Tighten the six bolts to install the selector lever
to the vehicle body, then connect connectors.
Tightening torque:
5.9
±1.5 N´m (0.6±0.15 kg-m, 4.3±1.1 ft-lb)
S3M0017A
3) Install console box.
4) Set location of selector lever at ªNº position.
5) Set location of selector arm installed on the
transmission body at ªNº position.
G3M0715
6) Pass inner cable through selector arm pin and
then connect it using a washer and snap pin.
7) Attach outer cable to plate on transmission
case with the bolts.
Tightening torque:
14
±4 N´m (1.4±0.4 kg-m, 10.1±2.9 ft-lb)
S3M0016A
8) Insert the thread portion of the other inner cable
and into the connector hole of the selector lever,
and fix the other outer cable end to the bracket.
9) Adjust the inner cable length.
(1) Put connector into contact with nut (A).
(2) Tighten nut (B).
Tightening torque:
7.4
±2.0 N´m (0.75±0.2 kg-m, 5.4±1.4 ft-lb)
S3M0019A
10) After completion of fitting, make sure that the
selector lever operates smoothly all across the
operating range.
11) Connect the harnesses and check the follow-
ing items.
(1) The engine starts operating when selector
lever is in position ªPº, but not in other positions.
(2) The back-up light is lit when the selector
lever is in position ªRº, but not in other positions.
12) Check selector lever operation.
WARNING:
Stop the engine while checking operation of
selector lever.
(1) Check that selector lever does not move
from ªNº to ªRº without pushing the button.
(2) Check that selector lever does not move
from ªRº to ªPº without pushing the button.
(3) Check that selector lever does not move
from ªPº to ªRº without pushing the button.
(4) Check that selector lever does not move
from ª3º to ª2º without pushing the button.
B3M0348A
13) Check shift-lock system.
(1) Ensure ignition switch rotates from ªACCº to
ªLOCKº when the selector lever is set at ªPº.
10
3-3[W2E0]SERVICE PROCEDURE
2. Automatic Transmission

2. Rear Differential
Symptom Possible cause Remedy
1. Oil leakage(1) Worn, scratched, or incorrectly seated front or
side oil seal. Scored, battered, or excessively worn
sliding surface of companion flange.Repair or replace.
(2) Clogged or damaged air breather. Clean, repair or replace.
(3) Loose bolts on differential spindle or side
retainer, or incorrectly fitted O-ring.Tighten bolts to specified torque.
Replace O-ring.
(4) Loose rear cover attaching bolts or damaged
gasket.Tighten bolts to specified torque.
Replace gasket and apply liquid
packing.
(5) Loose oil filler or drain plug. Retighten and apply liquid packing.
(6) Wear, damage or incorrectly fitting for spindle,
side retainer and oil seal.Repair or replace.
2. Seizure
NOTE:
Seized or damaged parts should
be replaced, and also other parts
should be thoroughly checked for
any defect and should be repaired
or replaced as required.(1) Insufficient backlash for hypoid gear. Readjust or replace.
(2) Excessive preload for side, rear, or front bearing. Readjust or replace.
(3) Insufficient or improper oil used. Replace seized part and fill with
specified oil to specified level.
3. Damage
NOTE:
Damaged parts should be
replaced, and also other parts
should be thoroughly checked for
any defect and should be repaired
or replaced as required.(1) Improper backlash for hypoid gear. Replace.
(2) Insufficient or excessive preload for side, rear, or
front bearing.Readjust or replace.
(3) Excessive backlash for differential gear. Replace gear or thrust washer.
(4) Loose bolts and nuts such as crown gear bolt. Retighten.
(5) Damage due to overloading. Replace.
4. Noises when starting or shift-
ing gears
NOTE:
Noises may be caused by differen-
tial assembly, universal joint, wheel
bearing, etc. Find out what is actu-
ally making noise before disassem-
bly.(1) Excessive backlash for hypoid gear. Readjust.
(2) Excessive backlash for differential gear. Replace gear or thrust washer.
(3) Insufficient preload for front or rear bearing. Readjust.
(4) Loose drive pinion nut. Tighten to specified torque.
(5) Loose bolts and nuts such as side bearing
retainer attaching bolt.Tighten to specified torque.
5. Noises when cornering(1) Damaged differential gear. Replace.
(2) Excessive wear or damage of thrust washer. Replace.
(3) Broken pinion mate shaft. Replace.
(4) Seized or damaged side bearing. Replace.
6. Gear noises
NOTE:
Since noises from engine, muffler,
transmission, propeller shaft, wheel
bearings, tires, and body are
sometimes mistaken for noises
from differential assembly, be care-
ful in checking them. Inspection
methods to locate noises include
coasting, accelerating, cruising,
and jacking-up all four wheels.
Perform these inspections accord-
ing to condition of trouble. When
listening to noises, shift gears into
four wheel drive and fourth speed
position, trying to pick up only dif-
ferential noise.(1) Improper tooth contact of hypoid gear. Readjust or replace hypoid gear
set.
(2) Improper backlash for hypoid gear. Readjust.
(3) Scored or chipped teeth of hypoid gear. Replace hypoid gear set.
(4) Seized hypoid gear. Replace hypoid gear set.
(5) Improper preload for front or rear bearings. Readjust.
(6) Seized, scored, or chipped front or rear bearing. Replace.
(7) Seized, scored, or chipped side bearing. Replace.
(8) Vibrating differential carrier. Replace.
52
3-4[K200]DIAGNOSTICS
2. Rear Differential

B: INSPECTION
1) Check bushing for cracks, fatigue or damage.
2) Check stabilizer link for deformities, cracks, or
damage, and bushing for protrusions from the hole
of stabilizer link and its play.
C: INSTALLATION
1) To install, reverse the removal procedure.
NOTE:
IInstall bushing (on front crossmember side)
while aligning it with paint mark on stabilizer.
IEnsure that bushing and stabilizer have the
same identification colors when installing.
G4M0519
2) Always tighten rubber bushing location when
wheels are in full contact with the ground and
vehicle is at curb weight condition.
Tightening torque:
Jack-up plate to crossmember:
18
±5 N´m (1.8±0.5 kg-m, 13.0±3.6 ft-lb)
Stabilizer link to front transverse link:
29
±5 N´m (3.0±0.5 kg-m, 21.7±3.6 ft-lb)
Stabilizer to crossmember:
25
±4 N´m (2.5±0.4 kg-m, 18.1±2.9 ft-lb)
6. Front Crossmember
A: REMOVAL
1) Disconnect ground cable from battery.
2) Loosen front wheel nuts.
3) Lift-up vehicle, and remove front tires and
wheels.
4) Remove both stabilizer and jack-up plate.
G4M0520
5) Disconnect tie-rod end from housing.
6) Remove front exhaust pipe.
7) Remove front transverse link from front cross-
member and body.
G4M0521
8) Remove nuts attaching engine mount cushion
rubber to crossmember.
9) Remove self-locking nuts connecting steering
U/J and pinion shaft.
10) Lift engine by approx. 10 mm (0.39 in) by
using chain block.
11) Support crossmember with a jack, remove
nuts securing crossmember to body and lower
crossmember gradually along with steering gear-
box.
CAUTION:
When removing crossmember downward, be
careful that tie-rod end does not interfere with
DOJ boot.
23
[W6A0]4-1SERVICE PROCEDURE
6. Front Crossmember

B: INSPECTION
1) Check bushing for cracks, fatigue or damage.
2) Check stabilizer link for deformities, cracks, or
damage, and bushing for protrusions from the hole
of stabilizer link and its play.
C: INSTALLATION
1) To install, reverse the removal procedure.
NOTE:
IInstall bushing (on front crossmember side)
while aligning it with paint mark on stabilizer.
IEnsure that bushing and stabilizer have the
same identification colors when installing.
G4M0519
2) Always tighten rubber bushing location when
wheels are in full contact with the ground and
vehicle is at curb weight condition.
Tightening torque:
Jack-up plate to crossmember:
18
±5 N´m (1.8±0.5 kg-m, 13.0±3.6 ft-lb)
Stabilizer link to front transverse link:
29
±5 N´m (3.0±0.5 kg-m, 21.7±3.6 ft-lb)
Stabilizer to crossmember:
25
±4 N´m (2.5±0.4 kg-m, 18.1±2.9 ft-lb)
6. Front Crossmember
A: REMOVAL
1) Disconnect ground cable from battery.
2) Loosen front wheel nuts.
3) Lift-up vehicle, and remove front tires and
wheels.
4) Remove both stabilizer and jack-up plate.
G4M0520
5) Disconnect tie-rod end from housing.
6) Remove front exhaust pipe.
7) Remove front transverse link from front cross-
member and body.
G4M0521
8) Remove nuts attaching engine mount cushion
rubber to crossmember.
9) Remove self-locking nuts connecting steering
U/J and pinion shaft.
10) Lift engine by approx. 10 mm (0.39 in) by
using chain block.
11) Support crossmember with a jack, remove
nuts securing crossmember to body and lower
crossmember gradually along with steering gear-
box.
CAUTION:
When removing crossmember downward, be
careful that tie-rod end does not interfere with
DOJ boot.
23
[W6A0]4-1SERVICE PROCEDURE
6. Front Crossmember