1998 JAGUAR X308 Drive shaft

7. Chec k
that the pinion sp
igot radial run-out.
0,08
mm MAX TIR.
If t
hi
s specification is exceeded, contact Jaguar Service.

8. Re
fer to the illustration.
R
e
new the driveshaft fixings.

9. Re
fer to the illustration.
E
n
sure that the bear
ing is central.
10. Refer to the illustration.

Rea
r Drive Axle/Differential - Axle Assembly
Re
mo
val and Installation
Remov
a
l
•

NOTE: The pinion flange shown in this procedure is NOT intended to be a true representation
S
p
ecial Tool(s)

Suspensi
on
Spring Compressor Tool
204-179

1. Disc
onnect the battery ground lead
2. Raise the vehicle for access and remove both rear roadwheels
3. Remove the rear suspensi on assembly, 51.25.13
4. CAUTION: Do not lift the assembly by the axle shafts,
this may cause damage
Using a suitable hoist, place the assembly onto a workbench

5. Locat e
the spring compressor 204
- 179 to the RH road spring
6. Tighten the spring compressor evenly to release the spring
load on the damper

7. Re
move the damper assembly
1. Mark the tool position on the spring with adhesive
tape
2. Remove the damper lower fixing
3. Remove the damper assembly
8. Repeat for the opposite hand spring / damper unit

9. Relea
se the parking brake cable
1. Disconnect the cable in-line connector
2. Remove the outer cable to frame clips (2)
3. Clear the cable through the frame

10
.
Remove the LH hub and axle shaft assembly
1. Remove the lower fulcrum shaft nut (1)
2. Remove and discard the axle shaft to drive flange nuts (4)
3. Turn the axle-shaft for ac cess to access the fixings for
step 2
4. Support the axle shaft a ssembly and remove the hub
fulcrum
5. Remove the hub and axle shaft assembly
6. Note the position of and remove the camber adjustment spacer
11. Repeat for the opposite hand

sus
pension components
and for damaged coil springs in the front suspension.
as necessary. For addi tional information,
REF
ER to Section 204
-0
2 Rear Suspension
. I

NSTALL new front suspension components
as necessary. For addi tional information,
REFER to Section 204
-01
Front Suspension
.
Chec

k the rear suspension

for loose or worn
suspension components.
TIGHTE
N or INSTALL new components as
necessary. For additi onal information,
REFER to Section 204
-0
2 Rear Suspension
.
Incorre

ct underbody
alignment.
CHECK
underbody alignment. For additional

information,
REFER to Section 502
-00
Uni
-Body, Subframe and M

ounting System
.
Poor r

eturnability of the
steering
Lower steeri
ng column
interference.
CHECK
the steering co
lumn is free from
interference from the en gine harness, sound
proofing or the floor covering.
Incorrect
tire pressure.
CHECK
and ADJUST the tire pressure. For
additional information,
REFER to Section 204
-0
4 Wheels and Tires
.
Incorrect

tire size or type.
IN
STALL a new tire as necessary. For
additional information,
REFER to Section 204
-0
4 Wheels and Tires
.
Steeri

ng column upper
shroud fouling on the steering wheel.
CHECK
steering column upper shroud for
fouling. ADJUST as necessary.
Steeri
ng column universal
joints binding.
IN
STALL a new steering column. For
additional information,
REFER to Section 211
-0
4 Steering Column
.
Steeri

ng column shaft floor

seal binding.
CHE
CK the steering column shaft floor seal
for correct fitm ent and REFIT as necessary.
Steeri
ng column shaft floor

seal may be torn.
IN
STALL a new steering column shaft floor
seal as necessary.
Bin
ding or damaged tie-
rods.
CHECK
tie-rod end for excessive wear or
tightness in ball joint. INSTALL a new tie- rod end. For additional information,
REFER to Section 211
-0
3 Steering Linkage
.
D

amaged or worn front
suspension components.
I
NSTALL new front suspension components
as necessary. For addi tional information,
REFER to Section 204
-01
Front Suspension
.
Incorre

ct toe adjustment.

AD
JUST as necessary. For additional
information,
REFER to Section 204
-00
Suspension
Sy

stem
- General
Information
.
Excessive steeri

ng efforts
required during low speed
manoeuvring and/or during parking manoeuvres
Low power steer
ing fluid.

CHE
CK steering system
for signs of steering
fluid loss.
BLEE
D the power steering system. For
additional information,
REFER to Section 211
-0
0 Steering System
- General Informati

on
.
Damaged accessory driv

e
belt tensioner.
INST
ALL a new accessory drive belt
tensioner.
Hose or cooler li
ne
restriction.
CHECK
hose or cooler lines for correct
routing.
INST
ALL a new hose as necessary.
Fl

uid aeration.
BLEE
D the system. For additional
information,
REFER to Power Steering System Bleeding

in t
his section.

Steeri
ng transducer not
closed - no feed voltage.
CHECK
the steering transducer circuit. For
additional information, REFER to the wiring diagrams.
Carry ou
t the electrical checks and tests.
For additional information, REFER to the
Electrical Checks and Tests in this section.
Steeri
ng transducer not
closed - cable fault.
CHECK
the steering transducer circuit. For
additional information, REFER to the wiring diagrams.
Carry ou
t the electrical checks and tests.

No
ise
S
teering heavy operation in
one direction
F
aulty rotary valve/seal.
addi
tional information, REFER to the Power
Steering Pressure Test in this section.
INST
ALL a new steering
gear as necessary.
For additional information,
REFER to Section 211
-0
2 Power Steering
.
Ti

re fouling on the wheel
arch liner.
CHECK for
clearance be
tween the tire and
the wheel arch liner.
R
emove and refit the wheel arch liner or
INSTALL a new wheel arch liner as necessary.
S
teering heavy operation in
both directions
Low power steer
ing fluid.

CHE
CK steering system
for signs of steering
fluid loss.
BLEE
D the power steering system. For
additional information,
REFER to Section 211
-0
0 Steering System
- General Informati

on
.
Ai

r in power steering
system.
CHECK
the power steering pump for signs o
f steering fl

uid loss.
INST

ALL a new power steering pump as
necessary. For additi onal information,
REFER to Section 211
-0
2 Power Steering
.
Fluid loss at the power
steering pump shaft seal.
CHECK
the power steering pump for signs o
f steering fl

uid loss.
INST

ALL a new power steering pump as
necessary. For additi onal information,
REFER to Section 211
-0
2 Power Steering
.
Power steeri

ng fluid
delivery pressure or flow too low.
CHECK
the power steering pump for signs o
f steering fl

uid loss.
CHECK

the power stee
ring pressure. For
additional information, REFER to the Power Steering Pressure Test in this section.
INST
ALL a new power steering pump as
necessary. For additi onal information,
REFER to Section 211
-0
2 Power Steering
.
Steeri

ng operation varies
from heavy to light when
driving at constant speed
Lower steeri
ng column
interference.
CHECK
the steering co
lumn is free from
interference from the en gine harness, sound
proofing or the floor covering.
Incorre
ct sp
eedometer
signal.
CHECK
the speedo circ
uit. For additional
information, refer to the wiring diagrams.
Steeri
ng transducer
cable/connection faulty or grounded.
CHECK
the steering transducer circuit. For
additional information, refer to the wiring diagrams.
Carry ou
t the electrical checks and tests.
For additional information, REFER to the
Electrical Checks and Tests in this section.
Steeri
ng wheel varies from
light to heavy two times per revolution
Lower steeri
ng column
interference.
CHECK
the steering co
lumn is free from
interference from the en gine harness, sound
proofing or the floor covering.
Steeri
ng column universal
joints binding.
IN
STALL a new steering column. For
additional information,
REFER to Section 211
-0
4 Steering Column
.
Seized or damaged
ste
ering components.
CHECK
for wear or failure of suspension
bushes and ball join ts. For additional
information,
REFER to Section 204
-00
Suspension
Sy

stem
- General
Information
.
Cond

ition
Possib
le Sources
Acti
on
Acce

ssory drive
belt squeal
Incorre
ct accessory drive belt

tension or accessory drive belt glazed.
CHECK
accessory drive belt condition and INSTALL a
new accessory drive belt as necessary. For additional
information,
REFER to Section 303
-0
5 Accessory Drive
.
Chir

p noise in
the steering pump
Loose or worn accessory dr
ive belt.
CHECK
accessory drive belt condition and INSTALL a
new accessory drive belt as necessary. For additional
information,
REFER to Section 303
-0
5 Accessory Drive
.

Hiss (Swish)
Hiss or Val
ve Hiss is a high-frequency so
und coming from the steering gear when the system is loaded. It is a rushing or
"swish" noise that doesn't change frequency with RPM. Hiss is the general noise generated by the flow of hydraulic fluid
through restrictions in the steer ing system. Restrictions include the rotary stee ring valve, power steering tubes, connectors,
tuning orifices, etc. Hiss can be air- borne and structure-borne, but the structure-borne path through the steering
intermediate shaft is usually dominant.
Moan (Groan)
Moan is the general structu r
e-borne noise of the steering system. Moan is primarily transmitted to the driver via the body
structure through the pump mount, engine mounts, power steering lines and power steering brackets. On some vehicles,
moan is a load humming noise, often present when the wheel is turned and the system is loaded. It may change frequency
with engine RPM and if the sy stem is loaded or unloaded.
Rack Knock (R
ack Slap)
CAU
T
ION: DO NOT attempt to adjust the stee
ring gear yoke. Failure to follow this instruction will result in the steering
gear warranty to become invalid.
Rack Knock is a rattle sound an d steering wheel vibration caused by separation of the steering gear and pinion while driving
over bumps. It is a structure-borne noise transmitted throug h the intermediate shaft and column. Rack knock can also be
heard as a "thump" or impact noise that occurs with the vehicle stationary when the steering wheel is released from a
loaded position and allowed to return to rest . Noise occurs with the engine on or off.
Rattles
Ra
ttles are noises caused by knocking or hitting with components in the steering system. Steering rattles can occur in the
engine compartment, the suspension, or the passenger compartment . Rattles can be caused by loose parts, movable and
flexible parts, and improper clearances.
Squea k
s/Scrapes
Squeaks/Scrapes are noises due
to fri
ction or component rubbi
ng anywhere in the steering system. Squeaks/Scrapes have
appeared in steering linkages and jo ints, in column components and in co lumn and steering wheel trim parts.
Weep
We
ep is an air-borne noise, occasionally
generated when turning the steering across lock at a constant rate. When present
on a vehicle the noise, once initiated can often be maintained across a large proportion of the available steering movement.
Whistle
Wh
istle is similar to hiss but is louder and of a higher frequency. It is also more
of a pure tone noise than hiss. Whistle is
air-borne and is generated by a high flow rate of hydraulic fluid through a small restriction.
Zip

Zip n
o
ise is the air-borne noise
generated by power steerin g pump cavitation when power steering fluid does not flow freely
through the suction hose from the rese rvoir to the pump. Zip primarily occurs during cold weather at start-up.
Steering System Vibrations and Harshne
ss
Buzz
Buzz is a tactile rotary vi

bration felt in
the steering wheel for slow steering inputs. Buzz can also be called a grinding feel
and it is closely related to grunt and is caused by high system gain with low damping. Buzz is generally excited during
parking manoeuvres with low to medium speed steering input.

Buzz (E
lectrical)
A
different steering buzz can be caused by
pulse width modulated (PWM) electric actuators used in variable assist steering
systems. This buzz is felt by turning the ignition key to run without starting the engine and holding onto the steering wheel.
In extreme cases, the buzz can be felt with the engine running also.
Column/Steering Wheel
Shake
Column shake is a low f
requenc
y vertical vibration excited by primary engine vibrations.
Nibble (Shimm
y)
Steeri
ng nibble is a rotary oscillation or
vibration of the steering wheel, which can be excited at a specific vehicle speed.
Nibble is driven by wheel and tire imbalance exciting a suspensi on recession mode, which then translates into steering gear
travel and finally steering wheel nibble.
Shudder (Judd
er)
Shudder i
s a low frequency oscillation of th
e entire steering system (tire, wheels, st eering gear and linkage, etc.) when the
vehicle is steered during static-park or at low sp eeds. Shudder is very dependent on road surface.
Torque Ri
pple
Torque rippl
e is a concern with Electric Power Steering (EPS) sy
stems. Torque ripple is most evident at static-park steering
the wheel very slowly from lock to lock. Torque ripple is primarily caused by motor commutation.
Torque/Veloc
ity Variation
(Phasing/Effort Cycling)
Steeri
ng wheel torque variation oc
curring twice in one revolution is normally as a result of problems with the lower steering
column (intermediate shaft), but foul cond itions generally result in either constant stiffnes s or single point stiffness.
Depending upon the orientation of the joints, the steering can fe el asymmetric (torque falling off in one direction and rising
in the other) or else it can simply have pronounced peaks and troughs as the steering moves from lock to lock.
Wheel Fight
(Kick Back)
W
heel fight is excess feedback of sudden road forces through th
e steering system and back to the driver. It is evaluated at
all vehicle speeds over cobblestones, rough roads, and potholes . The tires, wheels, and suspension generate forces into the
steering systems. Steering friction, hydraulic damping, hydr aulic compliance, mechanical compliance, steering ratio, and
assist gain all affect how much is transmitted to the driver.
Stee
ring Linkage
CAUTI
ON: Steering gear boots must be
handled carefully to avoid damage. Use new clamps when installing steering
gear boots.
Inspect the boots for cuts, deterioration, tw isting or distortion. Check the steering gear boots to make sure they are tight.
Install new boots or clamps as necessary.
• NOTE: The following steps must be carried out with assistance.
1. 1. With the wheels in the straight ahead po sition, gently turn the steering wheel to the left and the right to check for
free play.
2. 2. Free play should be between 0 and 6 mm (0 and 0.24 in) at the steering wheel rim. If the free play exceeds this
limit, either the ball joints are worn, the lower steering column joints are worn or the backlash of the steering gear
is excessive.

P a
rts List
The power assisted steering pump:
Is mo u
nted on a bracket installe
d on the front of the engine.
Provides hydraul
ic pressure fo
r the power steering system.
Is of the roll
er vane type.
Is belt driven from th
e en
gine crankshaft.
Will provide 1
05 bar f
luid pressure.
The pump is not serviceable and should be renewed as a complete assembly.
Fluid Reservoir
Re
servoir and Hoses

Ite
m
Par
t
Number
De
scr
iption
1—Power as
si
sted steering pump
2—Engine
m
ounting bracket
3—High
pressure port

Power Assisted Steering Pump