1991 LEXUS SC400 fuel pressure

(b) Remove the two mounting bolts and two mounting nuts,and disconnect the throttle body from the air intake
chamber.
(c) Disconnect the following hoses, and remove the throttle body:
(1) PCV hose from throttle body
(2) Water by±pass hose from throttle body
(d) Remove the throttle body gasket.
17. DISCONNECT VACUUM HOSES Disconnect the following hoses:(1) Vacuum hose from brake booster union
(2) Vacuum hose (from VSV for heater water valve)
from air intake chamber
18. REMOVE ACCELERATOR BRACKET Remove the bolt, stud bolt and bracket.
19. REMOVE BRAKE BOOSTER UNION
Remove the union bolt, union and two gaskets.
20. REMOVE AIR INTAKE CHAMBER (a) Disconnect the following connectors:w Cold start injector connector
w VSV connector for fuel pressure control system
w (Exc. USA Spec.)
VSV connector for EGR system
(b) Remove the union bolt and two gaskets, and disconnect
the cold start injector tube from the RH delivery pipe.
±
ENGINE MECHANICAL Cylinder HeadsEM±65
WhereEverybodyKnowsYourName

(c) Remove the two bolts and gaskets, and disconnect theEGR pipe from the air intake chamber.
(d) Remove the four mounting bolts, eight mounting nuts and following parts:
(1) VSV for fuel pressure control system
(2) (Exc. USA Spec.)
VSV for EGR system
(3) A/T throttle cable bracket
(e) Disconnect the check (ºDIAGNOSISº) connector from
the intake chamber.
(f) Remove the air intake chamber and four gaskets.
(g) Remove the three bolts, the cold start injector, tube, lead
wire assembly and gasket.
21. DISCONNECT HEATER WATER HOSES Disconnect the following hoses:(1) Water hose from water by±pass pipe
(2) Water hose from rear water by±pass joint
22. DISCONNECT FUEL INLET HOSE FROM LH DELIVERY PIPE
Remove the pulsation damper and two gaskets, and discon-
nect the inlet hose.
23. D I S C O N N E C T F U E L R E T U R N H O S E F R O M F U E L RETURN PIPE
EM±66
±
ENGINE MECHANICAL Cylinder Heads
WhereEverybodyKnowsYourName

(i) Tighten the four mounting nuts.
Torque: 18 NVm (185 kgf Vcm, 13 ft Vlbf)
23. INSTALL FUEL RETURN PIPE
(a) Temporarily install the return pipe with the bolt, two newgaskets and union bolt.
(b) Tighten the union bolt holding the return pipe to the fuel pressure regulator.
Torque: 35 N Vm (360 kgf Vcm, 26 ft Vlbf)
(c) Tighten the bolt holding the return pipe to the LH cylinder
head.
24. INSTALL ENGINE WIRE TO DELIVERY PIPES, REAR WATER BY±PASS JOINT AND RH CYLINDER HEAD
(a) Connect the eight injector connectors.
(b) Install the two engine wire connectors to connectorsbracket on the LH delivery pipe.
(c) Install the engine wire to the RH cylinder head with the two bolts.
(d) Install the engine wire to the rear water by±pass joint
with the two bolts.
(e) Install the engine wire to the delivery pipes with the four bolts.
EM±106
±
ENGINE MECHANICAL Cylinder Heads
WhereEverybodyKnowsYourName

(b) Place four new gaskets on the intake manifold.
HINT: Gaskets can only be used twice before being replaced.
(c) Place the air intake chamber on the intake manifold.
(d) Temporarily connect the EGR pipe to the air intakechamber with a new gasket and the two bolts.
HINT: Use bolts 20 mm (0.79 in.) in length.
(e) Temporarily install the air intake chamber and following
parts with the four bolts and eight nuts:
(1) VSV for fuel pressure control system
(2) (Exc. USA Spec.) VSV for EGR system
(3) A/T throttle cable bracket
(4) Check connector (ºDIAGNOSISº) connector
(f) Uniformly tighten the bolts and nuts in several passes.
Torque: 18 N Vm (185 kgf Vcm, 13 ft Vlbf)
HINT: Use bolts 40 mm (1.57 in.) in length.
(g) Tighten the two bolts holding the EGR pipe to the air
intake chamber.
Torque: 18 N Vm (185 kgf Vcm, 13 ft Vlbf)
(h) Tighten the two bolts holding the EGR pipe to the RH
cylinder head.
Torque: 18 N Vm (185 kgf Vcm, 13 ft Vlbf)
(i) Connect the cold start injector tube to the RH delivery
pipe with the two new gaskets and the union bolt.
Torque: 15 N Vm (150 kgf Vcm, 11 ft Vlbf)
(j) Connect the following connectors:
w Cold start injector connector
w SV connector for fuel pressure control system
w (Exc. USA Spec.)
VSV connector for EGR system
EM±108
±
ENGINE MECHANICAL Cylinder Heads
WhereEverybodyKnowsYourName

(c) Connect the following hoses:(1) Water by±pass pipe hose to ISC valve
(2) Water by±pass pipe hose to water by±pass pipe (from rear water by±pass joint)
(3) Two vacuum hoses to VSV for EGR system
40. INSTALL VACUUM PIPE (a) Install the vacuum pipe, vacuum hoses assembly andEGR water by±pass pipe (USA spec. only) with the two
bolts.
(b) Connect the following hoses: (1) (USA Spec.) Vacuum hose to throttle body
(2) (Exc. USA Spec.) Three vacuum hoses to throttle body
(3) Vacuum hose to fuel pressure regulator
(4) Two vacuum hoses to VSV for fuel pressure control system
(5) (Exc. USA Spec.) Two vacuum hoses to EGR vacuum modulator
(6) Two vacuum hoses (from VSV for EVAP system) to vacuum pipe
(7) Vacuum hose (from VSV for fuel pressure control system) to air intake chamber
(8) Vacuum hose (from charcoal canister) to vacuum pipe
EM±112
±
ENGINE MECHANICAL Cylinder Heads
WhereEverybodyKnowsYourName

The EFI system is composed of three basic sub±systems: Fuel, Air Induction and Elect\
ronic Control
Systems.
FUEL SYSTEM
An electric pump fuel pressure supplies sufficient fuel, under a constant pressure, to the EFI injectors. In
accordance with signals from the ECU (Electronic Control Unit), these \
injectors inject the quantity of fuel most
appropriate for the engine condition into the intake manifold.
AIR INDUCTION SYSTEM
The air induction system provides sufficient air for engine operation.
ELECTRONIC CONTROL SYSTEM
The 1UZ±FE engine (ECU±formerly EFI computer) with a microcomputer \
centrally controls the EFI, ESA,
ISC and Diagnosis system, etc. The ECU controls the following functions:
1. Electronic Fuel Injection (EFI)
The ECU receives signals from various sensors indicating changing engine op\
eration conditions such as:Intake air volume
Intake air temperature
Coolant temperature
Engine rpm
Acceleration/deceleration
Exhaust oxygen content etc.
The signals are utilized by the ECU to determine the injection duration nec\
essary for an optimum air±fuel
ratio.
2. Electronic Spark Advance (ESA) The ECU is programmed with data for optimum ignition timing under any and all opera\
ting conditions. Using
data provided by sensors which monitor various engine functions (rpm, coola\
nt temperature, etc.), the
Electronic Control Unit (ECU) triggers the spark at precisely right instant. (S\
ee IG section)
3. Idle Speed Control (ISC) The ECU is programmed with idle speed data for various engine conditions (\
coolant temperature, air condi-
tioner ON/OFF, etc.).
The air volume flowing through the throttle valve by±pass passage is adj\
usted according to the signal from
each sensor and the idle speed is kept at the set value.
4. Diagnosis Function When the ECU detects any malfunctions or abnormalities in the sensor network\
, it lights the ºCHECKº en-
gine warning light in the combination meter. At the same time, the trouble is identified and a diagnostic code
is recorded by the ECU. The diagnostic code can be read by the number of\
blinks of the ºCHECKº engine
warning light when terminals TE1 and E1 are connected. The diagnostic co\
des are refer to the later page.
(See TR section)
5. Self±Correction Function If any sensor malfunctions, an average value recorded in the back±up ci\
rcuit is substituted to make driving
possible.
If danger is predicted, the engine is stopped and the ºCHECKº engine\
warning light will light up.
6. Fail±Safe Function Even if an abnormality occurs in the ECU, the back±up circuit uses a specifie\
d fuel injection and ignition
timing to provide vehicle driveability, and also lightsup the ºCHECKº engine warning light.
FI±4
EFI SYSTEM
± Description
WhereEverybodyKnowsYourName

FUEL SYSTEM
Fuel is pumped up by the fuel pump, which flows through the fuel filter under pr\
essure through the fuel pipe
to the delivery pipe where it is distributed to each injector and the cold\
start injector.
The fuel pressure regulator adjusts the pressure of the fuel from the fuel \
line (high pressure side) to a pres-
sure 284 kPa (2.9 kgf/cm
2, 41 psi) higher than the pressure inside the intake manifold, and exce\
ss fuel is re-
turned to the fuel tank through the return pipe.
When the engine is hot, the fuel pressure is increased to control percolatio\
n in the fuel system and improve
restartability and idling stability.
The pulsation damper absorbs the slight fluctuations in fuel pressure ca\
used by the injector.
The injectors operate on input of injection signals from the ECU and inj\
ect fuel into the intake manifold.
The cold start injector operates when starting with low coolant temperature or at normal temperature
ranges, injecting fuel into the air intake chamber to improve startability. FI±7
EFI SYSTEM
± Operation
WhereEverybodyKnowsYourName

ELECTRONIC CONTROL SYSTEM
The control system consists of sensors which detect various engine conditions, and a ECU which deter\
-
mines the injection volume (timing) based on the signals from the sens\
ors.
The various sensors detect the air intake volume, engine rpm, oxygen densit\
y in the exhaust gas, coolant
temperature, air intake temperature and atmospheric pressure etc. and convert the in\
formation into an electrical
signal which is sent to the ECU. Based on these signals, the ECU calculates th\
e optimum ignition timing for the
current conditions and operates the injectors.
The ECU not only controls the fuel injection timing, but also the self diag\
nostic function which records the
occurrence of a malfunction, ignition timing control, idle rpm control, \
EGR control, EVAP control, fuel pressure
control and fuel pump control. FI±9
EFI SYSTEM
± Operation
WhereEverybodyKnowsYourName