
WHAT IS THE CATALYTIC
CONVERTER
The catalytic converter is part of yourvehicle's emissions system and filtersharmful pollutants from the exhaust gas.
CATALYTIC CONVERTER
PRECAUTIONS
WARNING: Do not park, idle ordrive your vehicle on dry grass or otherdry ground cover. The emission systemheats up the engine compartment andexhaust system, creating the risk of fire.
WARNING: The normal operatingtemperature of the exhaust system isvery high. Never work around or attemptto repair any part of the exhaust systemuntil it has cooled. Use special care whenworking around the catalytic converter.The catalytic converter heats up to a veryhigh temperature after only a shortperiod of engine operation and stays hotafter the engine is switched off.
WARNING: Exhaust leaks mayresult in entry of harmful and potentiallylethal fumes into the passengercompartment. If you smell exhaustfumes inside your vehicle, have yourvehicle inspected immediately. Do notdrive if you smell exhaust fumes.
To avoid damaging the catalytic converter:
•Do not crank the engine for more than10 seconds at a time.
•Do not run the engine with a spark pluglead disconnected.
•Do not push-start or tow-start yourvehicle. Use booster cables. See JumpStarting the Vehicle (page 422).
•Use the correct fuel. See Fuel andRefueling (page 214).
•Do not switch the ignition off when yourvehicle is moving.
•Avoid running out of fuel.
•Have the items listed in scheduledmaintenance information performedaccording to the specified schedule.
Note:Do not make any unauthorizedchanges to your vehicle or engine. By law,vehicle owners and anyone whomanufactures, repairs, or services a fleet ofvehicles are not permitted to intentionallyremove an emission control device orprevent it from working.
CATALYTIC CONVERTER –
TROUBLESHOOTING
CATALYTIC CONVERTER –WARNING LAMPS
Your vehicle has an on-board diagnosticssystem that monitors the emission controlsystem. If any of the following warninglamps illuminate, this may indicate thatthe on-board diagnostics system hasdetected an emission control systemmalfunction.
Continuing to drive your vehicle may causereduced power or the engine to stop.Failure to respond to a warning lamp maycause damage that your vehicle Warrantymay not cover. Have your vehicle checkedas soon as possible.
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AUTOMATIC TRANSMISSION
PRECAUTIONS
WARNING: Apply the parkingbrake, shift into park (P), switch theignition off and remove the key beforeyou leave your vehicle. Failure to followthis instruction could result in personalinjury or death.
WARNING: When your vehicle isstationary, keep the brake pedal fullypressed when shifting gears. Failure tofollow this instruction could result inpersonal injury, death or propertydamage.
WARNING: Do not apply the brakepedal and accelerator pedalsimultaneously. Applying both pedalssimultaneously for more than a fewseconds will limit engine performance,which may result in difficulty maintainingspeed in traffic and could lead to seriousinjury.
AUTOMATIC TRANSMISSION
POSITIONS
PARK (P)
WARNING: Shift into park (P) onlywhen your vehicle is stationary.
In park (P) power is not transmitted to thedriven wheels.
Note:A tone sounds if you attempt to exityour vehicle without the vehicle in park (P).
Note:Your vehicle may not shift out of park(P) if the 12 V battery has run out of charge.
Note:Your vehicle may not shift out of park(P) if a fuse is blown.
Note:Your vehicle may not shift out of park(P) unless the key or remote control is insideyour vehicle.
Note:The electronic parking brake couldapply when you power your vehicle on withthe selector in park (P).
Note:The electronic parking brake couldapply if you shift to park (P) without fullypressing the brake pedal.
Note:The electronic parking brake couldapply if you shift to park (P) on a slope.
Note:Do not manually release the parkingbrake when the selector is in park (P). SeeAutomatically Releasing the ElectricParking Brake (page 254).
REVERSE (R)
WARNING: Shift into reverse (R)only when your vehicle is stationary.
In reverse (R) power is transmitted to thedriven wheels.
NEUTRAL (N)
WARNING: In neutral (N) yourvehicle is free to roll.
In neutral (N) power is not transmitted tothe driven wheels.
DRIVE (D)
In drive (D) power is transmitted to thedriven wheels.
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Manually Shifting Gears in Manual(M)
Use this feature to select a specific gear.
Note:We recommend using this feature forengine braking, driving on hilly ormountainous roads, or when towing a trailer.See Towing a Trailer (page 365).
•Shift to manual (M) to switch thefeature on.
•Press the upper (+) button to upshift.
•Press the lower (-) button todownshift.
•Shift to drive (D) to switch the featureoff.
USING PROGRESSIVE RANGE
SELECTION
Progressive range selection gives you theability to lock out gears from the automaticshifting range. This could provide you withan improved driving experience by reducingtransmission shifts, for example, in slipperyconditions or steep slopes.
With the transmission in drive (D), pressthe - button to begin to switch the featureon.
Press the - button again to continue lockingout higher gears. Beginning with the highestgear, the instrument cluster will indicatethe current gear and highest gear available.For example, press the - button twice tolock out 10th and 9th gears.
Note:The instrument cluster will indicatethe current gear and highest gear available.
Press the + button to unlock gears to allowthe transmission to shift to higher gears.
Note: The transmission automaticallyshifts within the gear range you select.
AUTOMATIC TRANSMISSION
AUDIBLE WARNINGS
Sounds if any of the following occur:
•You switch your vehicle off beforeshifting into park (P).
•You open the driver door before shiftinginto park (P).
POWER TAKE-OFF (IF EQUIPPED)
HOW DOES THE POWER TAKE-OFF WORK
Auxiliary equipment called power take-off,or PTO, is often added to the engine ortransmission to operate utility equipment.Examples include a wheel-lift for towtrucks, cranes, tools for construction or tireservice, and pumping fluids. PTOapplications draw auxiliary horsepowerfrom the powertrain, often while thevehicle is stationary. In this condition, thereis limited cooling air flow through theradiator and around the vehicle thatnormally occurs when a vehicle is moving.The aftermarket PTO system installer,having the most knowledge of the finalapplication, is responsible for determiningwhether additional chassis heat protectionor powertrain cooling is required, andalerting the user to the safe and properoperation.
Note:Use of auxiliary equipment thatexceeds the maximum Power Take-Off(PTO) load specified in our Truck BodyBuilders Layout Book can adversely affectthe performance of the powertrain system.Refer to the Body Builders Layout Book forinstructions about the appropriateinstallation of additional equipment.
For additional information, visitwww.fordbbas.com/home.
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FOUR-WHEEL DRIVE
PRECAUTIONS
WARNING: Vehicles with a highercenter of gravity (utility and four-wheeldrive vehicles) handle differently thanvehicles with a lower center of gravity(passenger cars). Avoid sharp turns,excessive speed and abrupt steering inthese vehicles. Failure to drive cautiouslyincreases the risk of losing control of yourvehicle, vehicle rollover, personal injuryand death.
WARNING: Do not becomeoverconfident in the ability of four-wheeldrive vehicles. Although a four-wheeldrive vehicle may accelerate better thana two-wheel drive vehicle in low tractionsituations, it won't stop any faster thantwo-wheel drive vehicles. Always driveat a safe speed.
Truck and utility vehicles can differ fromsome other vehicles. Your vehicle could behigher to allow it to travel over roughterrain without getting stuck or damagingunderbody components. The differencesthat make your vehicle so versatile alsomake it handle differently than an ordinarypassenger car. Always maintain steeringwheel control, especially in rough terrain.Since sudden changes in terrain can resultin abrupt steering wheel motion, make sureyou grip the steering wheel from theoutside. Do not grip the spokes. Drivecautiously to avoid vehicle damage fromconcealed objects such as rocks andstumps. Drive slower in strong crosswindswhich can affect the normal steeringcharacteristics of your vehicle. Beextremely careful when driving onpavement made slippery by loose sand,water, gravel, snow or ice.
Note:Your vehicle may come with a frontair dam that can become damaged (due toreduced ground clearance) when taking yourvehicle off-road. This air dam can be takenoff by removing 15 bolts.
Parking
WARNING: If the parking brake isfully released, but the brake warninglamp remains illuminated, the brakesmay not be working properly. Have yourvehicle checked as soon as possible.
WARNING: Apply the parkingbrake, shift into park (P), switch theignition off and remove the key beforeyou leave your vehicle. Failure to followthis instruction could result in personalinjury or death.
On some four-wheel drive vehicles, whenthe transfer case is in the neutral (N)position, the engine and transmissiondisconnects from the rest of the driveline.Therefore, your vehicle is free to roll evenif the automatic transmission is in park (P).Do not leave the vehicle unattended withthe transfer case in the neutral (N)position. Always set the parking brake fullyand turn off the ignition when leaving yourvehicle.
FOUR-WHEEL DRIVE
LIMITATIONS
Do not use four-wheel drive high orfour-wheel drive low mode on dry, hardsurface roads. Doing so can produceexcessive noise, increase tire wear and candamage drive components. Four-wheeldrive high or four-wheel drive low modesare intended for consistently slippery orloose surfaces. Use of four low mode onthese surfaces could produce some noise,such as occasional clunks, but should not
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SELECTING A FOUR-WHEEL
DRIVE MODE
The drive mode control is on theinstrument panel.
Press the four-wheel drive mode buttonthat best fits the current driving conditions.You can select two-wheel drive high (2H)or four-wheel drive high (4H) at a stop orwhile driving. When the shift is complete,the mode you select appears in theinstrument cluster display. While shifting,the lights on the drive mode control canflash and you could see messages in theinstrument cluster display indicating thata shift is in progress or to release theaccelerator pedal to improve shiftperformance.
Note:Momentarily releasing the acceleratorpedal while a shift in progress messagedisplays improves engagement ordisengagement performance.
Note:Do not perform this operation whencruise control or trail control is selected andactive. The system may not shift asexpected.
Note:Do not perform this operation if therear wheels are slipping, when making atight turn or when applying the acceleratorpedal. The system may not shift asexpected.
Note:You could hear some noise as thesystem shifts or engages, this is normal.
If the system detects a fault, a warningmessage appears in the instrument clusterdisplay. See Four-Wheel Drive –Information Messages (page 243).
Shifting to or from Four-WheelDrive Low (4L)
To select or exit four-wheel drive low (4L):
1.Bring your vehicle to a speed of 3 mph(5 km/h) or less.
2.Place the transmission in neutral (N)
3.Press the desired four-wheel drivebutton on the drive mode control.
A message appears in the instrumentcluster display indicating a four-wheeldrive shift is in progress. If any of the aboveshift conditions are not present, the shiftwill not occur and information guiding youthrough the proper shifting proceduresappears in the instrument cluster display.If there is a transfer case tooth blockage amessage appears in the instrument clusterdisplay. To alleviate this condition, placethe transmission in a forward gear, moveyour vehicle forward approximately 5 ft(1.5 m), and shift the transmission back toneutral (N) to allow the transfer case tocomplete the range shift.
Note:You could hear some noise as thesystem shifts or engages, this is normal.
If the system detects a fault, a warningmessage appears in the instrument clusterdisplay. See Four-Wheel Drive –Information Messages (page 243).
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FOUR-WHEEL DRIVE MODES
TWO-WHEEL DRIVE HIGH
Two-wheel drive high is for generalon-road driving. Power is sent to the rearwheels only.
Note:Two-wheel drive high can turn on oroff based on Drive Mode selection See DriveMode Control (page 311).
FOUR-WHEEL DRIVE HIGH
Four-wheel drive high provideselectronically or mechanically lockedfour-wheel drive power to both the frontand rear wheels for use in off-road orwinter conditions such as deep snow, sandor mud. This mode is not for use on drypavement.
Note:Four-wheel drive high can turn on oroff automatically based on Drive Modeselection. See Selecting a Drive Mode(page 311).
FOUR-WHEEL DRIVE LOW
Four-wheel drive low provideselectronically or mechanically lockedfour-wheel drive power to both the frontand rear wheels for use on low tractionsurfaces, but does so with additionalgearing for increased torque multiplication.This mode is only for off-road conditionssuch as deep sand, steep slopes, or pullingheavy objects.
Note:Four-wheel drive low can turn on oroff automatically based on drive modeselection. See Selecting a Drive Mode(page 311).
FOUR-WHEEL DRIVE
INDICATORS
Two-wheel Drive High
Momentarily illuminates whenyou select two-wheel drive high.
Four-wheel Drive High
Continuously illuminates whenyou select four-wheel drive high.
Four-wheel Drive Low
Continuously illuminates whenyou select four-wheel drive low.
TRANSFER CASE FLUID
CAPACITY AND
SPECIFICATION
See Transfer Case Fluid Capacity andSpecification (page 540).
FOUR-WHEEL DRIVE –
TROUBLESHOOTING
FOUR-WHEEL DRIVE – WARNINGLAMPS
Illuminates when a four-wheeldrive or power train fault ispresent.
Note:When a system fault is present, thesystem can typically remain in whichevermode was selected prior to the faultcondition occurring. It does not default totwo-wheel drive in all circumstances. Whenthis warning is displayed, have your vehicleserviced by an authorized dealer.
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BRAKE PRECAUTIONS
Wet brakes result in reduced brakingefficiency. Gently press the brake pedal afew times when leaving a car wash ordriving from standing water to dry thebrakes.
Note:Depending on applicable laws andregulations in the country where your vehiclewas originally built, the stoplamps couldflash during heavy braking. The hazardwarning flashers could also turn on whenyour vehicle comes to a stop.
ANTI-LOCK BRAKING SYSTEM
ANTI-LOCK BRAKING SYSTEMLIMITATIONS
The anti-lock braking system does noteliminate the risk of crash when:
•You drive too closely to the vehicle infront of you.
•Your vehicle is hydroplaning.
•You take corners too fast.
•The road surface is poor.
Note: If the system activates, the brakepedal could pulse and travel further.Maintain pressure on the brake pedal.
BRAKE OVER ACCELERATOR
In the event the accelerator pedalbecomes stuck or entrapped, apply steadyand firm pressure to the brake pedal toslow the vehicle and reduce engine power.If you experience this condition, apply thebrakes and bring your vehicle to a safestop. Move the transmission to park (P),switch the engine off and apply the parkingbrake. Inspect the accelerator pedal forany interference. If none are found and thecondition persists, have your vehicle towedto the nearest authorized dealer.
LOCATING THE BRAKE FLUID
RESERVOIR
See Under Hood Overview (page 441).
CHECKING THE BRAKE FLUID
WARNING: Do not use any fluidother than the recommended brake fluidas this will reduce brake efficiency. Useof incorrect fluid could result in the lossof vehicle control, serious personal injuryor death.
WARNING: Only use brake fluidfrom a sealed container. Contaminationwith dirt, water, petroleum products orother materials may result in brakesystem damage or failure. Failure toadhere to this warning could result in theloss of vehicle control, serious personalinjury or death.
WARNING: Do not allow the fluidto touch your skin or eyes. If thishappens, rinse the affected areasimmediately with plenty of water andcontact your physician.
WARNING: The brake systemcould be affected if the brake fluid levelis below the MIN mark or above the MAXmark on the brake fluid reservoir.
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1.Park your vehicle on a level surface.
2.Look at the brake fluid reservoir to seewhere the brake fluid level is relativeto the MIN and the MAX marks on thereservoir.
Note:To avoid fluid contamination, thereservoir cap must remain in place and fullytight, unless you are adding fluid.
Only use fluid that meets ourspecifications. See Capacities andSpecifications (page 520).
BRAKE FLUID SPECIFICATION
See Brake Fluid Specification (page 539).
BRAKES –
TROUBLESHOOTING
BRAKES – WARNING LAMPS
WARNING: Driving your vehiclewith the warning lamp on is dangerous.A significant decrease in brakingperformance may occur. It may take youlonger to stop your vehicle. Have yourvehicle checked as soon as possible.Driving extended distances with theparking brake engaged can cause brakefailure and the risk of personal injury.
If the ABS indicator illuminateswhen you are driving, thisindicates a malfunction. Yourvehicle continues to have normal brakingwithout the anti-lock braking systemfunction. See an authorized dealer.
It also momentarily illuminates when youswitch the ignition on to confirm the lampis functional. If it does not illuminate whenyou switch the ignition on, or begins toflash at any time, have the system checkedby an authorized dealer.
The brake indicator momentarilyilluminates when you switch theignition on to confirm the lampis functional. It may also illuminate whenyou apply the parking brake and theignition is on. If it illuminates when yourvehicle is moving, make sure the parkingbrake is disengaged. If the parking brakeis disengaged, this indicates low brake fluidlevel or a brake system fault. See anauthorized dealer.
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