2023 FORD F650/750 Owners Manual

Note:Do not rock your vehicle for more
than a minute or damage to the
transmission and tires could occur, or the
engine could overheat.
If your vehicle is stuck in mud or snow, you
could rock it out by shifting between
forward and reverse gears, stopping
between shifts in a steady pattern. Press
lightly on the accelerator in each gear.
POWER TAKE-OFF (IF EQUIPPED)
Auxiliary equipment called power take-off,
or PTO, is often added to the engine or
transmission to operate utility equipment.
Examples include a wheel-lift for tow
trucks, cranes, tools for construction or tire
service and pumping fluids. PTO
applications draw auxiliary horsepower
from the powertrain, often while the
vehicle is stationary or mobile. In the
stationary condition, there is limited
cooling air flow through the radiator and
around the vehicle that normally occurs
when a vehicle is moving. The aftermarket
PTO system installer, having the most
knowledge of the final application, is
responsible for determining whether
additional chassis heat protection or
powertrain cooling is required and alerting
the user to the safe and proper operation.
Your vehicle is approved for use as a
Stationary Mode, SplitShaft Mode or
Mobile Mode power source within the limits
and operating guidelines detailed in the
Ford Truck Body Builders Layout Book,
found at https://fordbbas.com/home and
through the Ford Truck Body Builders
Advisory Service. The transmission power
source modes are engine specific.
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Transmission

GENERAL INFORMATION
WARNING: Exceeding these ratings
by overloading can cause component
failure resulting in property damage,
personal injury or death.
Fluid Temperature
If the operating temperature exceeds
250°F (121°C), the rate of axle lubrication
oxidation increases and shortens the life
of the lubricant and seals, requiring axle
lubrication changes to become more
frequent to preserve the axle. Do not
consistently run extreme pressure (EP)
lubricants above 250°F (121°C).
Axle Conversions
WARNING: When operating a
loaded vehicle, the driver must keep all
adjustable axles on the ground at all
times, supporting their share of the
vehicle’s load. Failure to do so can
overload other axles, tires, wheels,
springs, steering components, brakes
and frames, resulting in early component
failure, loss of vehicle control, possible
property damage and personal injury.
We do not recommend, or approve,
performing axle conversions. However, we
understand that, on occasion, others install
aftermarket add-on axles on the truck
chassis that allow operator control for
weight transfer from other axles (such as
air lift axles).
2-SPEED REAR AXLE (IF EQUIPPED)
WARNING: Never shift a
two-speed axle when descending a
steep grade as this may cause loss of
vehicle control and result in personal
injury.
Note:Do not shift between ranges when
the speed control is on.
A two-speed rear axle allows the driver to
select a low range for greater pulling power
and a high range for greater road speed
and fuel economy. You can also use these
ranges to provide extra steps between
transmission shifts when driving on steep
grades or fuel economy may be factors.
Axle Shifting
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Note:Do not shift the axle to LOW when
your vehicle is moving. Use LOW when you
drive a fully loaded vehicle on a severe grade
or in congested traffic. Use HIGH for all
normal driving conditions with a lightly
loaded or partially loaded vehicle.
Note:The axle is set to HIGH by default.
To shift the axle between HIGH and LOW
with the vehicle stopped, place the
transmission in position N, then press and
hold the button for two seconds.
134
Rear Axle

WHAT IS THE PNEUMATIC
LOCKING DIFFERENTIAL
The pneumatic locking differential can lock
or unlock the differential when the vehicle
is moving or stopped. The differential lock
provides full power to both wheels when
extra traction is required.
HOW DOES THE PNEUMATIC
LOCKING DIFFERENTIAL
WORK
If your vehicle is equipped with a
pneumatic locking differential:
• Power is transmitted to the opposite
wheel should one of the wheels begin
to slip.
• Raise both wheels off the ground if it
becomes necessary to operate one
wheel with the vehicle stationary.
The differential can be locked or unlocked
when the vehicle is moving at a constant
speed of less than 25 mph (40 km/h) and
while the wheels are not slipping. Do not
lock the differential when the vehicle is
traveling down steep grades and traction
is minimal.
Note:Do not use the differential lock at
vehicle speeds above 25 mph (40 km/h).
When the differential is locked, the
vehicle’s turning radius increases causing
understeer.
The differential lock and differential lock
light automatically disengage at speeds
above 25 mph (40 km/h). The differential
lock remains off until the vehicle is
restarted or the differential lock switch is
turned off then back on.
PNEUMATIC LOCKING
DIFFERENTIAL PRECAUTIONS
WARNING: Exceeding any vehicle
weight rating can adversely affect the
performance and handling of your
vehicle, cause vehicle damage and can
result in the loss of control of your
vehicle, serious personal injury or death.
WARNING: Failure to raise all drive
wheels with this type of differential could
cause the vehicle to move unexpectedly,
resulting in property damage, personal
injury or death.
WARNING: Sudden acceleration
on slippery surfaces could cause the
wheels to spin, the vehicle to turn
sideways on a crowned road surface or
in a turn, possibly resulting in loss of
vehicle control and personal injury.
SWITCHING THE PNEUMATIC
LOCKING DIFFERENTIAL ON
AND OFF
Press and hold the button on the dash to
turn the system on or off.
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135
Pneumatic Locking Differential

PNEUMATIC LOCKING
DIFFERENTIAL INDICATORS
E163170
Illuminates when using the
electronic locking differential.
136
Pneumatic Locking Differential

GENERAL INFORMATION
Note: Occasional brake noise is normal. If
a metal-to-metal, continuous grinding or
continuous squeal sound is present, the
brake linings may be worn-out. Have the
system checked as soon as possible. If the
vehicle has continuous vibration or shudder
in the steering wheel while braking, have the
system checked as soon as possible.
All standard equipment brakes are
self-adjusting. Automatic adjustment,
when required, occurs whenever you apply
and release the brakes during forward or
reverse operation.
Know the required stopping distances for
all driving conditions you may encounter.
For longer brake lining life, take full
advantage of engine braking power when
coming to a stop.
Wet brakes result in reduced braking
efficiency. Gently press the brake pedal a
few times when driving from a car wash or
standing water to dry the brakes.
If the brakes do not grip well:
• Check brake adjustment.
• Check the brake linings for excessive
wear.
• Check the system air pressure on
vehicles with air brakes.
• Let the brakes cool if you have been
using them excessively, as in mountain
driving or after several fast, high-speed
stops.
• If you have been driving through deep
water, gently apply the brakes several
times while your vehicle is moving
slowly.
Brake Over Accelerator
In the event the accelerator pedal
becomes stuck or entrapped, apply steady
and firm pressure to the brake pedal to
slow the vehicle and reduce engine power.
If you experience this condition, apply the
brakes and bring your vehicle to a safe
stop. Move the transmission to park (P),
switch the engine off and apply the parking
brake. Inspect the accelerator pedal for
any interference. If none are found and the
condition persists, have your vehicle towed
to the nearest authorized dealer
Anti-lock Brake System
This system helps you maintain steering
control during emergency stops by keeping
the brakes from locking.
If the light does not illuminate
during start up, remains on or
flashes, the system may be
disabled. It also momentarily illuminates
when you switch the ignition on to confirm
the lamp is functional. If it does not
illuminate when you switch the ignition on,
or begins to flash at any time, have the
system checked.
E210335
If you connect a PLC trailer with
the ignition on, the trailer ABS
light also illuminates. If the light
fails to illuminate, if it remains on after you
start the vehicle or continues to flash, have
the system serviced immediately.
See Warning Lamps and Indicators
(page 66).
137
Brakes

E209041
If the system is disabled, normal
braking is still effective. If the
brake warning lamp illuminates
with the parking brake released, have the
system checked immediately. It also
momentarily illuminates when you switch
the ignition on to confirm the lamp is
functional. If it does not illuminate when
you switch the ignition on, or begins to
flash at any time, have the system
checked.
HINTS ON DRIVING WITH
ANTI-LOCK BRAKES
The anti-lock brake system does not
eliminate the risks when:
• You drive too closely to the vehicle in
front of you.
• Your vehicle is hydroplaning.
• You take corners too fast.
• The road surface is poor.
Note: If the system activates, the brake
pedal could pulse and may travel further.
Maintain pressure on the brake pedal. You
may also hear a noise from the system. This
is normal.
PARKING BRAKE
Hydraulic Brakes (If Equipped)
WARNING: Always set the parking
brake and leave your vehicle with the
transmission in park (P).
WARNING: This control is for
parking only. Do not leave the vehicle
unattended after setting the parking
brake without placing the transmission
in park (P). We recommend using wheel
chocks for hilly or off-road
circumstances.
WARNING: Unexpected and
possibly sudden vehicle movement may
occur if you do not take these
precautions.
WARNING: If the parking brake is
fully released, but the brake warning
lamp remains illuminated, the brakes
may not be working properly. Have your
vehicle checked as soon as possible.
Apply the parking brake whenever the
vehicle is parked. To set the parking brake,
pull the handle up until it snaps into the
locked position.
When the parking brake is out of
adjustment, seek service immediately.
E208810
The parking brake warning lamp
in the instrument cluster
illuminates, and remains
illuminated (when you switch on the
ignition), until you release the parking
brake.
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138
Brakes

Push the palm release lever (A) on the
parking brake handle (B) and push down
as far as possible to release the brake.
Driving with the parking brake on causes
the brakes to wear out quickly and reduces
fuel economy.
We recommend you not use the parking
brake to stop a moving vehicle. However,
if the normal brakes fail, you can use the
parking brake to stop your vehicle in an
emergency. Since the parking brake only
applies retardation to the rear wheels, the
vehicle's stopping distance increases
greatly and the handling of your vehicle is
adversely affected.
Releasing Spring Manually
WARNING: Do not attempt to
disassemble the parking brake air
chamber under any circumstances as
this may cause serious injury.
WARNING: Block the wheels to
help prevent the vehicle from moving.
WARNING: Unexpected and
possibly sudden vehicle movement may
occur if you do not take these
precautions.
If you release hydraulic pressure from the
spring brake chamber, the power spring
applies the brake. If the hydraulic pressure
can be re-established, you must release
the spring brake in order to move your
vehicle.
Air Brakes (If Equipped)
WARNING: This control is for
parking only. Do not leave the vehicle
unattended after setting the parking
brake without placing the transmission
in park (P). We recommend using wheel
chocks for hilly or off-road
circumstances.
If the service brakes fail to operate while
your vehicle is moving, you can make an
emergency stop with the parking brake.
Since the parking brake only applies
stopping power to the rear wheels, your
vehicle’s stopping distance greatly
increases and the handling of your vehicle
is adversely affected. Make repairs
immediately to an inoperative air brake
system circuit.
E210341
Pull the yellow, dash-mounted parking
brake knob to apply the parking brake.
E208810
The parking brake light
illuminates and remains
illuminated (when you switch
the ignition to the on position) until you
release the parking brake.
139
Brakes

Releasing the Parking Brake
WARNING: When your vehicle is
stationary, keep the brake pedal fully
pressed when shifting gears. Failure to
follow this instruction could result in
personal injury, death or property
damage.
Note:Read and understand the following
steps and perform them whenever you
prepare to drive the vehicle.
Note:The parking brake does not disengage
unless sufficient system air pressure is
available.
1. Press and hold the service brake pedal
while the engine is running.
2. Select the appropriate drive gear.
3. Push and hold the yellow
dash-mounted parking brake knob until
the parking brake light turns off, then
release.
Parking Brake Light Illumination Due
to Low Air Pressure
If the air pressure becomes too low at any
time during vehicle operation, the parking
brake may apply and the parking brake
light turns on.
If the parking brake applies due to low air
pressure, immediate service is required to
the parking brake system.
Releasing Spring Brake with Air
Pressure
The air system in all vehicles with
spring-actuated rear wheel parking brakes
has a valve on the governor for connection
to an outside air supply. The valve lets you
recharge the system with air from an
outside source, releasing the
spring-actuated parking brakes. Your
vehicle is now ready to tow in an
emergency.You can only use an outside air source if
the protected system is in operating
condition. If you cannot restore air pressure
in the protected air system, you must
release the spring-actuated brakes
manually.
Releasing Spring Manually
Do not use impact wrenches as they may
damage the piston and prevent proper
caging of the spring. Do not apply more
than 50 lb.ft (68 Nm) to the release bolt
nut.
1. Remove the stud tool and nut from the
carrying pocket on the brake chamber
assembly.
E210365
2. Remove the access plug from the end
of the spring chamber.
3. Insert the release stud through the
opening in the chamber and into the
spring pressure plate.
E210366
4. Turn the release stud ¼ turn to engage
the stud tangs with the slot in the
pressure plate. Keep the stud engaged
and install the nut on the release stud.
140
Brakes