2013 SSANGYONG NEW ACTYON SPORTS engine

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4) Water Pump
The belt-driven centrifugal water pump consists of an impeller, a drive shaft, and a belt pulley.
The impeller is supported by a completely sealed bearing.
The water pump is serviced as an assembly and, therefore, cannot be disassembled.
5) Thermostat
A wax pellet-type thermostat controls the flow of the engine coolant through the engine cooling system.
The thermostat is mounted in the thermostat housing to the front of the cylinder head.
The thermostat stops the flow of the engine coolant from the engine to the radiator to provide faste
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warm-up, and to regulate the coolant temperature. The thermostat remains closed while the engine
coolant is cold, preventing circulation of the engine coolant through the radiator. At this point, the engine
coolant is allowed to circulate only throughout the heater core to warm it quickly and evenly.
As the engine warms, the thermostat opens. This allows the engine coolant to flow through the radiato
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wherethe heat is dissipated. This opening and closing of the thermostat permits enough engine coolant
to enter the radiator to keep the engine within proper engine temperature operating limits.
The wax pellet in the thermostat is hermetically sealed in a metal case. The wax element of the
thermostat expands when it is heated and contracts when it is cooled.
As the vehicle is driven and the engine warms, the engine coolant temperature increases. When the
engine coolant reaches a specified temperature, the wax pellet element in the thermostat expands and
exerts pressure against the metal case, forcing the valve open. This allows the engine coolant to flow
through the engine cooling system and cool the engine.
As the wax pellet cools, the contraction allows a spring to close the valve.
The thermostat begins to open at 87°C(188.6 °F) and is fully open at 102°C(215.6°F). The
thermostat closes at 85°C (187°F).
6) Electric Cooling Fan
Keep hands, tools, and clothing away from the engine cooling fans to help prevent personal injury.
This fan is electric and can turn on even when the engine is not running. -
If a fan blade is bent or damaged in any way, no attempt should be made to repair or reuse the
damaged part. A bent or damaged fan assembly should always be replaced with a new one to
prevent possible injury. -

06-8
The cooling fans are mounted behind the radiator in the engine compartment. The electric cooling fans
increase the flow of air across the radiator fins and across the condenser on air conditioned (A/C)-
equipped vehicles.
This helps to speed cooling when the vehicle is at idle or moving at low speeds.
All models have two fans. The main fan is 320 mm (12. 6 inches) in diameter with seven blades to aid
the airflow through the radiator and the condenser. An electric motor attached to the radiator support
drives the fan.
The auxiliary fan is 320 mm (12.6 inches) in diameter.
A/C Off or Non-AC Model ▶
The cooling fans are actuated by the engine control module (ECM) using a low-speed cooling
fan relay, a high-speed cooling fan relay and a cooling fan motor relay.
The ECM will turn the cooling fans on at low speed when the coolant temperature reaches
95°C(203°F) and at high speed when the coolant temperature reaches 105°C(221°F).
The ECM will change the cooling fans from high peed to low speed at 100°C(212°F) and
will turn the cooling fans off at 90°C (194°F). -
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A/C On ▶
The ECM will turn the cooling fans on at low speed when the A/C system is on. The ECM will
change to high speed when the high side A/C pressure reaches 1860 kPa (269.8 psi).
The cooling fans will return to low speed when the high side A/C pressure reaches 1378 kPa
(199.8 psi). -
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7) Engine Coolant Temperature Sensor
The Engine Coolant Temperature (ECT) sensor uses a temperature to control the signal voltage to the
Engine Control Module (ECM).
8) Coolant Temperature Gauge
The coolant temperature gauge controls the instrument panel temperature indicator. The coolant
temperature gauge is located with ECT sensor.

06-10
3) PWM Electric Fan
(1) Advantages and Disadvantages of the PWM Electric Fan
Advantages ▶
Enhanced A/C performance: at low speed, at
idling, driving in city
Reduction of vibration/noise: fan activated by
PWM only when necessary
Reduction of engine consuming power
(V/Fan driving force) by 4 Hp - Cost saving -
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Disadvantage ▶
Poor engine cooling perfomance at low and
high rpm -
4) PWM (Pulse Width Modulation) Unit
It controls the time of the output voltage to control
the fan motor speed independently.
Internal functions ▶
Motor power shutting-off function when
overcurrent is applied
Adverse voltage prevention function
Detection function for the motor lock
Temperature detecting function: The electric
fan operates at FULL speed to cool down
the PWM unit when the interior temperature
of PWM unit is over 120~150°C.
Communication function when failing: The
fail signal is transmitted to the ECU when the
PWM unit is malfunctioning.
Soft start function: The motor speed is
gradually increased when the motor is
initially operated. -
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5) Shutting-off Condition of the A/C Compressor
Coolant temperature ▶
When coolant temperature is below 20°C or over 115°C, engine speed is below 650 rpm or
over 4500 rpm for 4 seconds after engine starting, abrupt acceleration and A/C refrigerant
pressure sensor detecting the followings
A/C compressor is turned off when the refrigerant pressure is below 2.0 kg/cm2 and then is
turned on when the refrigerant pressure is over 2.4 kg/cm2.
A/C compressor is turned off when the refrigerant pressure is over 30 kg/cm2 and then is turned
on when the refrigerant pressure is below 21.4 kg/cm2. -
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1. DESCRIPTION AND OPERATION
1) Battey
The sealed battery is standard on all cars. There are no vent plugs in the cover.
The battery is completely sealed, except for two small vent holes in the sides.
These vent holes allow the small amount of gas produced in the battery to escape.
The battery has the following advantages over conventional batteries:
No water addition for the life of the battery.
Overcharge protection. If too much voltage is applied to the battery, it will not accept as much current
as a conventional battery.
In a conventional battery, the excess voltage will still try to charge the battery, leading
to gassing, which causes liquid loss.
Not as liable to self-discharge as a conventional battery. This is particularly important when a battery
is left standing for long periods of time.
More power available in a lighter, smaller case. ·
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The battery has three major functions in the electrical system.
First, the battery provides a source of energy for cranking the engine.
Second, the battery acts as a voltage stabilizer for the electrical system. Finally, the battery
can, for a limited time, provide energy when the electrical demand exceeds the output of the generator.
2) Ratings
<0068004700890088009b009b008c009900a00047008f0088009a0047009b009e0096004700990088009b00900095008e009a00610047004f005800500047008800470099008c009a008c0099009d008c0047008a008800970088008a0090009b00a0004700
990088009b00900095008e0047008b008c009a0090008e0095>ated at 27°C(80°F), which is the
time a fully charged battery will provide 25 amperes of current flow at or above 10.5 volts (2) a cold
cranking am
p rating determined under testing at -18°C(0°F), which indicates the cranking load
capacity. ▶
(1)Reserve Capacity
The reserve capacity (RC) is the maximum length of time it is possible to travel at night with the minimum
electrical load and no generator output. Expressed in minutes, the RC rating is the time required for a
fully charged battery, at a temperature of 27°C(80°F) and being discharged at a current of 25
amperes, to reach a terminal voltage of 10.5 volts.

07-8
5) Jump Starting Procedure
Position the vehicle with the charged battery so that the jumper cables will reach from the charged
battery to the battery that requires charging.
Turn off the ignition, all the lights, and all the electrical loads in both vehicles.
Leave the hazard flasher on if jump starting where there may be other traffic and any other lights
needed for the work area.
Apply the parking brake firmly in both vehicles. 1.
2.
3.
4.
Shift an automatic transmission to PARK. 5.
Clamp one end of the first jumper cable to the positive terminal on the booster battery. Make sure it
does not touch any other metal parts.
Clamp the other end of the same cable to the positive terminal on the discharged battery. Never
connect the other end to the negative terminal of the discharged battery. 6.
7.
Clamp one end of the second cable to the negative terminal of the booster battery.
Make the final connection to a solid engine ground, such as the engine lift bracket at least 450
millimeters (18 inches) from the discharged battery.
Start the engine of the vehicle with the good battery.
Run the engine at a moderate speed for several minutes.
Then start the engine of the vehicle with the discharged battery.
Remove the jumper cables by reversing the above sequence exactly, removing the negative cable
from the vehicle with the discharged battery first.
While removing each clamp, take care that it does not touch any other metal while the other end
remains attached. 8.
9.
10.
11.
12.In order to avoid damaging the vehicle make sure the cables are not on or near pulleys, fans, or
other parts that will move when the engine starts.
In order to avoid injury, do not use cables that have loose or missing insulation.

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6) Alternator
Alternators are equipped with internal regulators.
Unlike three-wire generators, the alternator may be used with only two connections: battery positive and
an "D+" terminal to the charge indicator lamp.
As with other charging systems, the charge indicator lamp lights when the ignition switch is turned to
RUN, and goes out when the engine is running.
If the charge idicator is on with the engine running, a charging system defect is indicated. This indicato
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light will glow at full brilliance for several kinds of defects as well as when the system voltage is too high
or too low.
The regulator voltage setting varies with temperature and limits the system voltage by controlling roto
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field current.
Achieve correct average field current for proper system voltage control by varying the on-off time. At high
speeds, the on-time may be 10 percent and the off-time 90 percent.
At low speeds, with high electrical loads, the on-time may be 90 percent and the off-time 10 percent.
7) Charging System
Generators use a new type of regulator that incorporates a diode trio.
A Delta stator, a rectifier bridge, and a rotor with slip rings and brushes are electrically similar
to earlier generators.
A conventional pulley and fan are used.
There is no test hole.
8) Starter
Wound field starter motors have pole pieces, arranged around the armature, which are energized by
wound field coils.
Enclosed shift lever cranking motors have the shift lever mechanism and the solenoid plunger enclosed
in the drive housing, protecting them from exposure to dirt, icy conditions, and splashes.
In the basic circuit, solenoid windings are energized when the switch is closed.
The resulting plunger and shift lever movement causes the pinion to engage the engine flywheel ring
gear.
The solenoid main contacts close. Cranking then takes place.
When the engine starts, pinion overrun protects the armature from excessive speed until the switch is
opened, at which time the return spring causes the pinion to disengage.
To prevent excessive overrun, the switch should be released immediately after the engine starts.

07-10
9) Starting System
The engine electrical system includes the battery, the ignition, the starter, the generator, and all the
related wiring.
Diagnostic tables will aid in troubleshooting system faults. When a fault is traced to a particula
r
component, refer to that component section of the service manual.
The starting system circuit consists of the battery, the starter motor, the ignition switch, and all the related
electrical wiring.
All of these components are connected electrically.