Downloaded from www.Manualslib.com manuals search engine 2D-1 Wheels and Tires:
Suspension
Wheels and Tires
General Description
Tires DescriptionS6RW0D2401001
The tire is of tubeless type. The tire is designed to
operate satisfactorily with loads up to the full rated load
capacity when inflated to the recommended inflation
pressures.
Correct tire pressures and driving habits have an
important influence on tire life. Heavy cornering,
excessively rapid acceleration, and unnecessary sharp
braking increase tire wear.
Tire Placard
The “Tire Placard” is located on the left or right door lock
pillar and should be referred to tire information.
The placard lists the maximum load, tire size and cold
tire pressure where applicable.
NOTE
Whether rim size and/or maximum load are
listed or not depends on regulations of each
country.
Inflation of Tires
The pressure recommended for any model is carefully
calculated to give a satisfactory ride, stability, steering,
tread wear, tire life and resistance to bruises.
Tire pressure, with tires cold, (after vehicle has set for 3
hours or more, or driven less than one mile) should be
checked monthly or before any extended trip. Set to the
specifications on the “Tire Placard” located on the left or
right door lock pillar.
It is normal for tire pressure to increase when the tires
become hot during driving.
Do not bleed or reduce tire pressure after driving.
Bleeding reduces the “Cold Inflation Pressure”.
Higher than recommended pressure can cause:
• Hard ride
• Tire bruising or carcass damage
• Rapid tread wear at center of tire
Unequal pressure on same axle can cause:
• Uneven braking
• Steering lead
• Reduced handling
• Swerve on accelerationLower than recommended pressure can cause:
• Tire squeal on turns
• Hard Steering
• Rapid and uneven wear on the edges of the tread
• Tire rim bruises and rupture
• Tire cord breakage
• High tire temperature
• Reduced handling
• High fuel consumption
Matched Tires and Wheels (Steel Type)
Tires and wheels are match mounted at the assembly
plant.
This means that the radially stiffest part of the tire, or
“high spot”, is matched to the smallest radius or “low
spot” of the wheel.
This is done to provide the smoothest possible ride.
The “high spot” of the tire is originally marked by paint
dot (1) on the outboard sidewall. This paint dot will
eventually wash off the tire.
The “low spot” of the wheel is originally marked by paint
dot (2) on the wheel rim-flange. Properly assembled, the
wheel rims’ paint dot should be aligned with the tires’
paint dot as shown in figure.
Whenever a tire is dismounted from its wheel, it should
be remounted so that the tire and wheel are matched. If
the tire’s paint dot cannot be located, a line should be
scribed on the tire and wheel before dismounting to
assure that it is remounted in the same position.
I2RH01240001-01
Downloaded from www.Manualslib.com manuals search engine Wheels and Tires: 2D-2
Replacement Tires
When replacement is necessary, the original equipment
type tire should be used. Refer to the Tire Placard.
Replacement tires should be of the same size, load
range and construction as those originally on the vehicle.
Use of any other size or type tire may affect ride,
handling, speedometer / odometer calibration, vehicle
ground clearance and tire or snow chain clearance to the
body and chassis.
It is recommended that new tires be installed in pairs on
the same axle. If necessary to replace only one tire, it
should be paired with the tire having the most tread, to
equalize braking traction.
WARNING!
Do not mix different types of tires on the
same vehicle such as radial, bias and bias-
belted tires except in emergencies, because
handling may be seriously affected and may
result in loss of control.
The metric term for tire inflation pressure is the kilo
pascal (kPa). Tire pressures is usually printed in both
kPa and kgf/cm
2 on the “Tire Placard”.
Metric tire gauges are available from tool suppliers.
The chart, shown in the table, converts commonly used
inflation pressures from kPa to kgf/cm
2 and psi.
Wheels DescriptionS6RW0D2401002
Wheel Maintenance
Wheel repairs that use welding, heating, or peening are
not approved. All damaged wheels should be replaced.
Replacement Wheels
Wheels must be replaced if they are bent, dented, have
excessive lateral or radial runout, air leak through welds,
have elongated bolt holes, if lug wheel bolts won’t stay
tight, or if they are heavily rusted. Wheels with greater
runout than shown in the following may cause
objectional vibrations.
Replacement wheels must be equivalent to the original
equipment wheels in load capacity, diameter, rim with
offset and mounting configuration. A wheel of improper
size or type may affect wheel and bearing life, brake
cooling, speedometer / odometer calibration, vehicle
ground clearance and tire clearance to body and
chassis.How to Measure Wheel Runout
To measure the wheel runout, it is necessary to use an
accurate dial indicator. The tire may be on or off the
wheel. The wheel should be installed to the wheel
balancer of the like for proper measurement.
Take measurements of both lateral runout “a” and radial
runout “b” at both inside and outside of the rim flange.
With the dial indicator set in place securely, turn the
wheel one full revolution slowly and record every reading
of the indicator.
When the measured runout exceeds the specification
and correction by the balancer adjustment is impossible,
replace the wheel. If the reading is affected by welding,
paint or scratch, it should be ignored.
Lateral runout limit “a”
Aluminum wheel: 0.3 mm (0.012 in.)
Steel wheel: 0.9 mm (0.035 in.)
Radial runout limit “b”
Aluminum wheel: 0.3 mm (0.012 in.)
Steel wheel: 0.7 mm (0.028 in.)
Metric Lug Nuts and Wheel Studs
All models use metric lug nuts and wheel studs.
Metric lug nuts and wheel studs size
M12 x 1.25
If a broken stud is found, see “Front Wheel Hub, Disc,
Bolt and Bearing Check in Section 2B”, “Front Wheel
Hub, Steering Knuckle and Wheel Bearing Removal and
Installation in Section 2B”, “Rear Wheel Hub Assembly
Removal and Installation in Section 2C”. kPa kgf/cm
2psi
Conversion: 1 psi =
6.895 kPa 1 kgf/cm
2 =
98.066 kPa160 1.6 23
180 1.8 26
200 2.0 29
220 2.2 32
240 2.4 35
260 2.6 38
280 2.8 41
300 3.0 44
320 3.2 47
340 3.4 50I4RS0A240001-01
I2RH01240003-01
Downloaded from www.Manualslib.com manuals search engine Wheels and Tires: 2D-6
Wheel (with Tire) Removal and InstallationS6RW0D2406003
Removal
CAUTION!
Never use heat to loosen tight wheel because
the application of heat to wheel causes the
wheel life shorter and the wheel bearing
damage.
1) Loosen wheel nuts by approximately 180° (half a
rotation).
2) Hoist vehicle.
3) Make sure that the vehicle will not fall off by trying to
move vehicle body in both ways.
4) Remove wheel nuts except one.
5) Support the wheel and/or tire not to drop the wheel
and then remove the nut left with the wheel.
Installation
For installation, reverse removal procedure, noting the
following.
• Wheel nuts must be tightened in sequence and to
specified torque to avoid bending wheel or brake disc
or drum as shown in the figure.
NOTE
Before installing wheels, remove any build-
up of corrosion on wheel mounting surface
and brake disc or drum mounting surface by
scraping and wire brushing. Installing wheels
without good metal-to-metal contact at
mounting surfaces can cause wheel bolts to
loosen, which can later allow a wheel to
come off while vehicle is moving.
Tightening order
“1” – “2” – “3” – “4” – “5”
Tightening torque
Wheel nut (a): 85 N·m (8.5 kgf-m, 61.5 lb-ft)
Tire Mounting and DismountingS6RW0D2406004
WARNING!
Do not stand over tire when inflating. Bead
may break when bead snaps over rim’s safety
hump and cause serious personal injury.
Do not exceed specified pressure when
inflating. If specified pressure will not seat
beads, deflate, re-lubricate and reinflate.
Over inflation may cause bead to break and
cause serious personal injury.
Use a tire changing machine to mount or dismount tires.
Follow equipment manufacturer’s instructions. Do not
use hand tools or tire irons alone to change tires as they
may damage tire beads or wheel rim.
Rim bead seats should be cleaned with a wire brush or
coarse steel wool to remove lubricants, old rubber and
light rust. Before mounting or dismounting a tire, bead
area should be well lubricated with approved tire
lubricant.
After mounting, inflate 330 kPa (47.9 psi) pressure so
that beads are completely seated. Then adjust pressure
to specified shown in the tire placard.
Tire RepairS6RW0D2406005
There are many different materials and techniques on
the market to repair tires. As not all of these work on all
types of tires, tire manufacturers have published detailed
instructions on how and when to repair tires. These
instructions can be obtained from each tire
manufacturer.
IYSQ01240008-01
Downloaded from www.Manualslib.com manuals search engine 3-ii Table of Contents
DTC U0100: Lost Communication with ECM .... 3B-27
DTC U0121: Lost Communication with ABS /
ESP® Control Module..................................... 3B-27
DTC U0155: Lost Communication with
Instrument Panel Cluster (IPC) Control
Module ............................................................ 3B-27
Inspection of 4WD Control Module and Its
Circuits ............................................................ 3B-27
Repair Instructions ............................................3B-30
Rear Differential Oil Level Check ...................... 3B-30
Rear Differential Oil Change ............................. 3B-30
2WD/4WD Switch Removal and Installation ..... 3B-31
2WD/4WD Switch Inspection ............................ 3B-31
4WD Control Module Removal and
Installation ....................................................... 3B-31
Coupling Air Temperature Sensor Removal
and Installation ................................................ 3B-31
Coupling Air Temperature Sensor Inspection ... 3B-32
Coupling Assembly Inspection .......................... 3B-32
Rear Differential Mountings Components ......... 3B-33
Front Mounting Arm and/or Rear Mounting
Bracket Assembly Removal and Installation ... 3B-34
Rear Mounting Bracket Assembly
Disassembly and Reassembly ........................ 3B-34
Rear Differential Dismounting and
Remounting ..................................................... 3B-34
Rear Differential Components ........................... 3B-35
Rear Differential Disassembly and
Reassembly .................................................... 3B-36
Rear Differential Inspection ............................... 3B-47
Specifications .....................................................3B-48
Tightening Torque Specifications ...................... 3B-48
Special Tools and Equipment ...........................3B-48
Recommended Service Material ....................... 3B-48
Special Tool ...................................................... 3B-49
Transfer .................................................... 3C-1
General Description ............................................. 3C-1
Transfer Description ............................................ 3C-1Diagnostic Information and Procedures ............3C-1
Transfer Symptom Diagnosis..............................3C-1
Repair Instructions ..............................................3C-2
Transfer Oil Level Check.....................................3C-2
Transfer Oil Change ............................................3C-2
Transfer Dismounting and Remounting ..............3C-3
Transfer Assembly Components .........................3C-4
Transfer Assembly Disassembly and
Reassembly ......................................................3C-5
Reduction Drive Gear Assembly Disassembly
and Reassembly ...............................................3C-7
Reduction Driven Gear Assembly
Disassembly and Reassembly ..........................3C-8
Transfer Right Case and Left Case
Disassembly and Reassembly ..........................3C-9
Transfer Output Retainer Assembly
Disassembly and Reassembly ........................3C-10
Transfer Assembly Inspection ...........................3C-14
Bevel Gear Tooth Contact Inspection ...............3C-14
Specifications .....................................................3C-16
Tightening Torque Specifications ......................3C-16
Special Tools and Equipment ...........................3C-17
Recommended Service Material .......................3C-17
Special Tool ......................................................3C-17
Propeller Shafts ....................................... 3D-1
Precautions ...........................................................3D-1
Propeller Shaft Caution .......................................3D-1
General Description .............................................3D-1
Propeller Shaft Construction ...............................3D-1
Diagnostic Information and Procedures ............3D-1
Propeller Shaft Symptom Diagnosis ...................3D-1
Repair Instructions ..............................................3D-2
Propeller Shaft Joint Check.................................3D-2
Propeller Shaft Assembly Removal and
Installation .........................................................3D-2
Propeller Shaft Inspection ...................................3D-2
Specifications .......................................................3D-3
Tightening Torque Specifications ........................3D-3
Downloaded from www.Manualslib.com manuals search engine 3A-3 Drive Shaft / Axle: Front
Front Drive Shaft Assembly On-Vehicle
Inspection
S6RW0D3116002
• Check boots for breakage or deterioration.
• Check wheel side joint for rattle or smooth rotation.
• Check differential side (or center shaft side) joint for
smooth rotation.
If any abnormality is found, replace.
Front Drive Shaft Assembly Removal and
Installation
S6RW0D3116003
Removal
1) Hoist vehicle and remove front wheel.
2) Undo caulking and remove drive shaft nut (1) with
brake pedal depressed.
3) Drain transaxle oil and transfer oil (4WD model).
4) Disconnect tie-rod end (1) from steering knuckle (2)
using puller (3).5) Remove brake hose mounting bolt (1) and brake
hose (2) from bracket and then detach wheel speed
sensor harness (3) from strut bracket.
6) Remove suspension control arm ball joint bolt (4)
from knuckle.
7) Disconnect front suspension control arm ball joint
stud from steering knuckle.
8) Using tire lever (1) or plastic hammer (3), pull out
drive shaft joint (2) so as to release snap ring fitting
of joint spline at differential side, at center shaft or at
transfer side.
I6RW0B310005-01
I3RM0A310003-01
[A]: Left side shaft
[B]: Right side shaft of 2WD vehicle
[C]: Right side shaft of 4WD vehicle
I6RW0D311003-01
I5RW0A311003-01
Downloaded from www.Manualslib.com manuals search engine Drive Shaft / Axle: Front 3A-4
9) Remove drive shaft assembly.
10) Remove center bearing support bolts (3) and remove
center bearing support (2) with center shaft (1) from
differential side gear, if equipped.
Installation
CAUTION!
• Be careful not to damage oil seals and
boots when installing drive shaft.
• Do not hit joint boot with hammer.
Inserting joint only by hands is allowed.
• Make sure that differential side joint is
inserted fully and its snap ring is seated as
it was.
Install drive shaft assembly by reversing removal
procedure and noting the following points.
• Tighten each bolt and nut to the specified torque
referring to “Front Drive Shaft Assembly Components
Location”.
• Tighten brake hose mounting bolt to specified torque.
Tightening torque
Brake hose mounting bolt: 25 N·m (2.5 kgf-m,
18.0 lb-ft)
• Fill transaxle with oil as specified referring to “Manual
Transaxle Oil Change in Section 5B” or “A/T Fluid
Change in Section 5A” and “Transfer Oil Change in
Section 3C” (4WD model).
• Check toe setting referring to “Front Wheel Alignment
Inspection and Adjustment in Section 2B” and adjust
as required.
Front Drive Shaft Disassembly and ReassemblyS6RW0D3116004
Disassembly
For DOJ type
CAUTION!
Disassembly of wheel side joint is not
allowed. If any noise or damage exists in it,
replace it as assembly.
1) Remove differential side (or center shaft side) boot
big band (1) as follows.
• For boot big band without joint [A]:
Remove boot big band by tapping boot and band
with plastic hammer. If it is hard to remove boot
big band, cut it using a nipper or an iron saw with
care not to damage joint housing.
• For boot big band with joint [B]:
Draw hooks of boot big band together and remove
band.3
2
1I2RH01310007-01
I4RH0A310004-01
Downloaded from www.Manualslib.com manuals search engine 3A-7 Drive Shaft / Axle: Front
Reassembly
For DOJ type
Judging from abnormality noted before disassembly and
what is found through visual check of component parts
after disassembly, prepare replacing parts and proceed
to reassembly.
Make sure that wheel side joint assembly and DOJ
housing are washed thoroughly and air dried.
Replace boot(s) with new one(s).
CAUTION!
• Do not wash boots in degreaser such as
gasoline or kerosene. etc. Washing in
degreaser causes deterioration of boot.
• To ensure full performance of joint as
designed, be sure to distinguish between
two types of grease in repair set and apply
specified volume to respective joint
referring to the followings for identification
of the grease.
1) Wash disassembled parts (except boots). After
washing, dry parts completely by blowing air.
2) Clean boots with cloth.
3) Apply grease to wheel side joint. Use specified
grease in tube in wheel side boot set as a spare
parts.
Grease color
: Black
Amount
: 55 – 75 g (1.9 – 2.6 oz)
4) Install wheel side boot on shaft.
5) Fill up boot inside with specified grease.
6) Fit boot (1) to grooves of shaft and housing (2).
7) Insert screw driver into boot and allow air to enter
boot so that air pressure in boot becomes the same
as atmospheric pressure.
8) Place new wheel side boot big band (3) and small
band (4) onto boot putting band outer end (1) against
forward rotation (2) as shown in figure.9) Fasten boot bands (1) using special tool as shown in
figure.
CAUTION!
Do not squeeze or distort boot when
fastening it with bands.
Distorted boot caused by squeezing air may
reduce its durability.
Distance “a”
: 2.6 ± 1.4 mm (0.102 ± 0.055 in.)
Special tool
(A): 09943–57010
21I5RS0B310007-01
I4RS0A310009-01
(A)
1
(A)
1
“a”
1
I5RS0B310008-01
Downloaded from www.Manualslib.com manuals search engine Drive Shaft / Axle: Front 3A-8
10) Install damper (1) to specified position on drive shaft.
Drive shaft damper installing position
“a”: 354 mm (13.9 in.) (right side)
“a”: 252 mm (9.9 in.) (left side)
11) Set new differential side (or center shaft side) small
band and new differential side (or center shaft side)
boot on shaft temporarily.
12) Drive in the cage (1) by using special tool.
Special tool
(A): 09913–84510
13) Install circlip (1) by using snap ring pliers (2).14) Apply grease to entire surface of cage. Use specified
grease in tube included in spare parts.
15) Insert cage into joint housing (2) and fit snap ring (1)
into groove of joint housing (2).
CAUTION!
Position opening of snap ring “c” so that it
will not be lined up with a ball.
16) Apply grease (including in spare parts) to inside of
joint housing (1).
Grease color
“A”: Dark gray
Amount
“A”: 75 – 95 g (2.6 – 3.4 oz) (right side)
“A”: 70 – 90 g (2.5 – 3.2 oz) (left side)
I5RW0A311004-01
(A)
1
I5RS0B310009-01
I5RS0B310010-01
I2RH01310036-01
I5RS0B310011-02