2005 NISSAN X-TRAIL Engine cooling system

ATC-102
TROUBLE DIAGNOSIS

TROUBLE DIAGNOSIS FOR UNUSUAL PRESSURE
Whenever system’s high and/or low side pressure(s) is/are unusual, diagnose using a manifold gauge. The
marker above the gauge scale in the following tables indicates the standard (usual) pressure range. Since the
standard (usual) pressure, however, differs from vehicle to vehicle, refer to above table (Ambient air tempera-
ture-to-operating pressure table).
Both High- and Low-pressure Sides are Too High
High-pressure Side is Too High and Low-pressure Side is Too Low
Gauge indication Refrigerant cycle Probable cause Corrective action
Both high- and low-pressure
sides are too high.Pressure is reduced soon after
water is splashed on con-
denser.Excessive refrigerant charge in
refrigeration cycleReduce refrigerant until speci-
fied pressure is obtained.
Air suction by cooling fan is
insufficient.Insufficient condenser cooling
performance
↓
1. Condenser fins are clogged.
2. Improper fan rotation of cool-
ing fan

Clean condenser.

Check and repair cooling fan
as necessary.

Low-pressure pipe is not
cold.

When compressor is stopped
high-pressure value quickly
drops by approximately 196
kPa (1.96 bar, 2 kg/cm
2 , 28
psi). It then decreases gradu-
ally thereafter.Poor heat exchange in con-
denser
(After compressor operation
stops, high-pressure decreases
too slowly.)
↓
Air in refrigeration cycleEvacuate repeatedly and
recharge system.
Engine tends to overheat.Engine cooling systems mal-
function.Check and repair each engine
cooling system.

An area of the low-pressure
pipe is colder than areas
near the evaporator outlet.

Plates are sometimes cov-
ered with frost.

Excessive liquid refrigerant
on low-pressure side

Excessive refrigerant dis-
charge flow

Expansion valve is open a lit-
tle compared with the specifi-
cation.
↓
Improper expansion valve
adjustmentReplace expansion valve.
AC359A
Gauge indication Refrigerant cycle Probable cause Corrective action
High-pressure side is too high and
low-pressure side is too low.
Upper side of condenser and
high-pressure side are hot,
however, liquid tank is not so
hot.High-pressure tube or parts
located between compressor
and condenser are clogged or
crushed.

Check and repair or replace
malfunctioning parts.

Check lubricant for contami-
nation.
AC360A

HEATER & COOLING UNIT ASSEMBLY
ATC-131
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HEATER & COOLING UNIT ASSEMBLYPFP:27110
Removal and InstallationEJS000UT
REMOVAL
1. Use a refrigerant collecting equipment (for HFC-134a) to discharge refrigerant.
2. Drain coolant from cooling system. Refer to CO-9, "
Changing Engine Coolant" for QR engine or CO-32,
"Changing Engine Coolant" for YD engine.
3. Disconnect two heater hoses from heater core pipe.
4. Remove mounting bolt from low-pressure flexible hose.
CAUTION:
Cap or wrap the joint of the pipe with suitable material such
as vinyl tape to avoid the entry of air.
5. Remove the blower unit. Refer to ATC-125, "
BLOWER UNIT" .
6. Remove clips of vehicle harness from steering member.
7. Remove mounting nuts, and then remove instrument stay.
8. Remove mounting bolts from heater & cooling unit.
RJIA0060E
RJIA0061E
RJIA2444E

ATC-162
REFRIGERANT LINES

3. Check if the A/C refrigerant pressure is at least 345 kPa (3.45 bar, 3.52 kg/cm2 , 50 psi) above 16°C
(61°F). If less than specification, recover/evacuate and recharge the system with the specified amount of
refrigerant.
NOTE:
At temperatures below 16°C (61°F), leaks may not be detected since the system may not reach 345 kPa (3.45
bar, 3.52 kg/cm
2 , 50 psi).
4. Perform the leak test from the high-pressure side (compressor discharge a to evaporator inlet g) to the
low-pressure side (evaporator drain hose h to shaft seal k). Refer to ATC-143, "
Components" . Perform a
leak check for the following areas carefully. Clean the component to be checked and move the leak
detected probe completely around the connection/component.
Compressor
Check the fitting of high- and low- pressure hoses, relief valve and shaft seal.
Liquid tank
Check the refrigerant pressure sensor or dual pressure switch.
Service valves
Check all around the service valves. Ensure service valve caps are secured on the service valves (to pre-
vent leaks).
NOTE:
After removing A/C manifold gauge set from service valves, wipe any residue from valves to prevent any
false readings by leak detector.
Cooling unit (Evaporator)
With engine OFF, turn blower fan on “High” for at least 15 seconds to dissipate any refrigerant trace in the
cooling unit. Wait a minimum of 10 minutes accumulation time (refer to the manufacturer’s recommended
procedure for actual wait time) before inserting the leak detector probe into the drain hose.
Keep the probe inserted for at least 10 seconds. Use caution not to contaminate the probe tip with water
or dirt that may be in the drain hose.
5. If a leak detector detects a leak, verify at least once by blowing compressed air into area of suspected
leak, then repeat check as outlined above.
6. Do not stop when one leak is found. Continue to check for additional leaks at all system components.
If no leaks are found, perform steps 7-10.
7. Start engine.
8. Set the heater A/C control as follows;
a. A/C switch: ON
b. Mode control dial: VENT (Ventilation)
c. Intake position: Recirculation
d. Max. cold temperature
e. Fan speed: High
9. Run engine at 1,500 rpm for at least 2 minutes.
10. Turn engine off and perform leak check again following steps 4 through 6 above.
Refrigerant leaks should be checked immediately after stopping the
engine. Begin with the leak detector at the compressor. The pres-
sure on the high-pressure side will gradually drop after refrigerant
circulation stops and pressure on the low-pressure side will gradually
rise, as shown in the graph. Some leaks are more easily detected
when pressure is high.
11. Discharge A/C system using approved refrigerant recovery equipment. Repair the leaking fitting or com-
ponent if necessary.
12. Evacuate and recharge A/C system and perform the leak test to confirm no refrigerant leaks.
SHA839E

HEATER UNIT
MTC-27
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MTC

HEATER UNITPFP:27100
Removal and InstallationEJS001F9
REMOVAL
1. Drain coolant from cooling system. Refer to CO-9, "Changing Engine Coolant" for QR engine or CO-32,
"Changing Engine Coolant" for YD engine.
2. Disconnect two heater hoses from heater core pipe.
3. Remove instrument panel. Refer to IP-11, "
Removal and Installation" .
4. Remove blower unit. Refer to MTC-22, "
BLOWER UNIT" .
5. Remove clips of vehicle harness from steering member.
6. Remove mounting nuts, and then remove instrument stay.
7. Remove mounting bolts from heater (& cooling) unit.
RJIA0060E
RJIA0061E
RJIA2444E

HARNESS
PG-65
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Wiring Diagram Codes (Cell Codes) EKS0032J
Use the chart below to find out what each wiring diagram code stands for.
Refer to the wiring diagram code in the alphabetical index to find the location (page number) of each wiring
diagram.
Code Section Wiring Diagram Name
1STSIG AT A/T 1st Signal
2NDSIG AT A/T 2nd Signal
3RDSIG AT A/T 3rd Signal
4THSIG AT A/T 4th Signal
4WD TF 4WD Control system
A/C ATC Air Conditioner
ABS BRC Anti-Lock Brake System
APP1PW EC Accelerator Pedal Position Sensor 1 Power Supply
APP2PW EC Accelerator Pedal Position Sensor 2 Power Supply
APPS1 EC Accelerator Pedal Position Sensor
APPS2 EC Accelerator Pedal Position Sensor
APPS3 EC Accelerator Pedal Position Sensor
ASC/BS EC Automatic Speed Control Device (ASCD) Brake Switch
ASC/SW EC Automatic Speed Control Device (ASCD) Steering Switch
ASCBOF EC Automatic Speed Control Device (ASCD) Brake Switch
ASCIND EC Automatic Speed Control Device (ASCD) Indicator
AT/IND DI A/T Indicator Lamp
AUDIO AV Audio
BA/FTS AT A/T Fluid Temperature Sensor and TCM Power Supply
BACK/L LT Back-Up Lamp
BOOST EC Turbocharger Boost Sensor
BRK/SW EC Brake Switch
CAN AT CAN Communication Line
CAN EC CAN Communication Line
CAN LAN CAN System
CHARGE SC Charging System
CHIME DI Warning Chime
CIGAR WW Cigarette Lighter
CKPS EC Crankshaft Position Sensor
CLOCK DI Clock
CMPS EC Camshaft Position Sensor
COOL/F EC Cooling Fan Control
D/LOCK BL Power Door Lock
DEF GW Rear Window Defogger
DTRL LT Headlamp - With Daytime Light System
ECM/PW EC ECM Power Supply for Back-Up
ECMRLY EC ECM Relay
ECTS EC Engine Coolant Temperature Sensor
EGRVLV EC EGR Volume Control Valve
EGVC/V EC EGR Volume Control Valve
ENGSS AT Engine Speed Signal

MA-1
MAINTENANCE
L MAINTENANCE
CONTENTS
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MA

MAINTENANCE
PREPARATION ........................................................... 3
Special Service Tools ............................................... 3
Commercial Service Tools ........................................ 3
DESCRIPTION ............................................................ 4
Pre-Delivery Inspection Items .................................. 4
GENERAL MAINTENANCE ....................................... 6
General Maintenance ............................................... 6
PERIODIC MAINTENANCE ....................................... 7
Periodic Maintenance ............................................... 7
ENGINE AND EMISSION CONTROL MAINTE-
NANCE (QR20DE AND QR25DE PETROL
ENGINE) ............................................................... 7
CHASSIS AND BODY MAINTENANCE
(QR20DE AND QR25DE PETROL ENGINE) ....... 8
ENGINE AND EMISSION CONTROL MAINTE-
NANCE (YD22DDTI DIESEL ENGINE) ................ 9
CHASSIS AND BODY MAINTENANCE
(YD22DDTI DIESEL ENGINE) .............................. 9
MAINTENANCE UNDER SEVERE DRIVING
CONDITIONS ...................................................... 10
ENGINE AND EMISSION CONTROL MAINTE-
NANCE (QR20DE AND QR25DE PETROL
ENGINE) ............................................................. 12
CHASSIS AND BODY MAINTENANCE
(QR20DE AND QR25DE PETROL ENGINE) ..... 13
ENGINE AND EMISSION CONTROL MAINTE-
NANCE (YD22DDTI DIESEL ENGINE) .............. 14
CHASSIS AND BODY MAINTENANCE
(YD22DDTI DIESEL ENGINE) ............................ 14
MAINTENANCE UNDER SEVERE DRIVING
CONDITIONS ...................................................... 15
RECOMMENDED FLUIDS AND LUBRICANTS ...... 17
Fluids and Lubricants ............................................. 17
SAE Viscosity Number ........................................... 18
GASOLINE ENGINE ........................................... 18
DIESEL ENGINE ................................................. 18
Engine Coolant Mixture Ratio ................................ 19
ENGINE MAINTENANCE (QR20DE·QR25DE) ........ 20
Checking Drive Belts .............................................. 20
Tension Adjustment ................................................ 20Changing Engine Coolant ....................................... 20
DRAINING ENGINE COOLANT .......................... 20
REFILLING ENGINE COOLANT ......................... 21
FLUSHING COOLING SYSTEM ......................... 22
Checking Cooling System ...................................... 22
CHECKING COOLING SYSTEM HOSES ........... 22
CHECKING RADIATOR ...................................... 22
CHECKING RADIATOR CAP .............................. 22
CHECKING RADIATOR SYSTEM FOR LEAKS ... 23
Checking Fuel Lines ............................................... 24
Changing Air Cleaner Filter .................................... 24
VISCOUS PAPER TYPE ..................................... 24
Changing Engine Oil ............................................... 24
Changing Oil Filter .................................................. 25
REMOVAL ........................................................... 25
INSTALLATION ................................................... 25
INSPECTION AFTER INSTALLATION ................ 26
Checking and Changing Spark Plugs ..................... 26
REMOVAL ........................................................... 26
INSPECTION AFTER REMOVAL (EXCEPT FOR
RUSSIA) .............................................................. 26
INSPECTION AFTER REMOVAL (FOR RUS-
SIA) ..................................................................... 27
INSTALLATION ................................................... 28
Checking EVAP Vapor Lines .................................. 28
ENGINE MAINTENANCE (YD22DDTI) .................... 29
Checking Drive Belts .............................................. 29
Tension Adjustment ................................................ 29
A/C COMPRESSOR BELT .................................. 30
ALTERNATOR AND WATER PUMP BELT .......... 30
Changing Engine Coolant ....................................... 30
DRAINING ENGINE COOLANT .......................... 30
REFILLING ENGINE COOLANT ......................... 31
FLUSHING COOLING SYSTEM ......................... 32
Checking Cooling System ...................................... 32
CHECKING COOLING SYSTEM HOSES ........... 32
CHECKING RADIATOR ...................................... 32
CHECKING RADIATOR CAP .............................. 33
CHECKING RADIATOR SYSTEM FOR LEAKS ... 33
Checking Fuel Lines ............................................... 34

MA-4
DESCRIPTION

DESCRIPTIONPFP:00000
Pre-Delivery Inspection ItemsELS000Y5
Shown below are Pre-delivery Inspection Items required for the new vehicle. It is recommended that
necessary items other than those listed here be added, paying due regard to the conditions in each
country.
Perform applicable items on each model. Consult text of this section for specifications.
Install vehicle protection kit
Fit all accessories ordered (if applicable) (e.g. towbar, audio, navigation, air conditioner, styling kit)
UNDER HOOD — engine off
Check coolant level and cooling system for leaks
Charge battery and check terminals for condition
Check drive belts tension (diesel only)
Check fuel filter for water or dust (diesel only) and fuel system for leaks
Check engine oil level and for oil leaks
Check brake and clutch fluid levels and fluid lines for leaks
Check and top up washer reservoirs
Check power steering fluid level and fluid lines for leaks (if applicable)
Check air conditioning system for gas leaks (if applicable)
ON INSIDE AND OUTSIDE
Install transit fuse if removed for vehicle storage
Check instruments, gauges, lamps, horn and accessories for operation
Check wipers and washers for operation and adjustment
Check interior and door mirrors and sun visors for operation
Set radio code and set clock
Check parking brake adjustment
Check clutch pedal adjustment
Check steering lock operation
Check seat adjusters and seat belts for operation
Check all windows for operation and alignment
Check mouldings, trim and fittings for fit and alignment
Check weatherstrips for fit and adhesion
Check hood, trunk lid, door panels and fuel lid for fit and alignment
Check latches, keys, remote key, door locks and remote trunk lid and fuel lid release for operation
Check wheel nut torques
Check tyre pressure (incl. spare tyre)
Check tool kit and jack for operation
Check automatic transmission/transaxle starter inhibitor (if applicable)
Check sunroof for operation and alignment (if applicable)
UNDER BODY
Check manual transmission/transaxle, differential and transfer box for oil level and oil leaks
Tighten bolts and nuts steering linkage and gear box, axle/suspension parts, propeller and exhaust system
Check brake and clutch lines, and oil/fluid reservoirs for leaks
Remove front suspension spacer blocks (if applicable)
Check body mounting torque (if applicable)

PERIODIC MAINTENANCE
MA-7
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PERIODIC MAINTENANCEPFP:00026
Periodic MaintenanceELS000AM
The following tables show the normal maintenance schedule. Depending upon weather and atmospheric con-
ditions, varying road surfaces, individual driving habits and vehicle usage, additional or more frequent mainte-
nance may be required.
Periodic maintenance beyond the last period shown on the tables requires similar maintenance.
ENGINE AND EMISSION CONTROL MAINTENANCE (QR20DE AND QR25DE PETROL ENGINE)
(Annual Mileage <30,000 Km/year)
Abbreviations: I = Inspect and correct or replace as necessary, R = Replace, [ ] = At the specified mileage only.
NOTE:

Maintenance items with “ ” should be performed more frequently according to “Maintenance Under Severe Driving
Conditions”.

(1)Periodic maintenance is not required. However, if valve noise increases, check valve clearance.

(2) Replace the drive belt if found damaged or if the auto belt tensioner reading reaches the maximum limit.

(3) First replace at 90,000 Km (54,000 miles)/60 months, then every 60,000 km (36,000 miles)/48 months. Perform "I"
(Checking the mixture ratio and correcting the mixture ratio if necessary) at the middle of replacement interval.

(4) Fuel filter is maintenance-free. For service procedures, refer to FL section.

(5) For Russia only. MAINTENANCE OPERATIONMAINTENANCE INTERVAL
Refer-
ence
page Perform on a kilometer basis, but on an annual
basis when driving less than 15,000 km (9,000
miles) per yearkm x
1,000
(Miles x
1,000)
Months15
(9)
1230
(18)
2445
(27)
3660
(36)
4875
(45)
6090
(54)
72105
(63)
84120
(72)
96
Engine compartment and under vehicle
Intake and exhaust valve clearanceSee
NOTE (1)EM-64
Drive beltSee
NOTE (2)MA-20
Engine oil (Use recommended oil.)R RRRRRRRMA-24
Engine oil filter (Use NISSAN genuine part or
equivalent)R RRRRRRRMA-25
Engine anti-freeze coolant (Use Genuine NIS-
SAN Anti-freeze Coolant (L250) or equivalent.)See
NOTE (3)IRIMA-20
Cooling system II IIIIIIMA-22
Fuel lines I I I IMA-24
Air cleaner filterRRMA-24
Fuel filter (In-tank type)See
NOTE (4)FL-4
Spark plugs (Conventional type) R R R RMA-26
Spark plugs (Platinum-tipped type)See
NOTE (5)[R] [R] [R] [R]MA-26
EVAP vapor lines (With carbon canister) I I I IMA-28