2003 FORD MUSTANG wheel

1. Verify the customer concern by operating the steering system.
2. Inspect Tires
zCheck the tire pressure. Refer to the Vehicle Certification (VC) label.
z Verify that all tires are sized to specification.
z Check the tires for damage or uneven wear.
3. Belt and Tensioner Check zRefer to Section 303 - 05 for diagnosis and testing of the accessory drive system.
4. Fluid Level Check zVerify that the power steering fluid level is within the appropriate indicated range, hot for
the 3.8L engine and cold for the 4.6L engine. Add Motorcraft MERCON® Multi- Purpose
ATF XT -2-QDX or MERCON® equivalent.
5. Air Bleeding zVerify that there is no air in the power steering system. Run the engine (6007) until it
reaches normal operating temperature. Turn the steering wheel to the left and right
several times without hitting the stops. If any air bubbles are present, refer to Purging —
CII Power Steering Pump or
Purging — CIII Power Steering Pump in this section.
External Leak Check — Typical Power Rack-and-Pinion Steering Gear Klj . 2 ba
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6. External Leak Check
zWith the ignition switch at OFF, wipe off the power steering pump, power steering hoses,
power steering fluid cooler (3D746) and steering gear (3504).
z With the engine running, turn the steering wheel from stop- to-stop several times. Do not
hold steering wheel at stops. Check for leaks. Repair as necessary if leaks are observed.
7. Turning Effort Check zRefer to Turning Effort Test under Component Tests in this section.
8. Visually inspect for obvious signs of mechanical damage; refer to the following chart. Klj . 3 ba
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9. If an obvious cause for an observed or reported malfunction is found, correct the cause (if
possible) before proceeding to the next step.
10. If the fault is not visually evident, determine the symptom and proceed to the following symptom chart.
Steering System Symptom Definitions
Drift/Pull
Pull is a tugging sensation, felt by the hands on the steering wheel, that must be overcome to keep the
vehicle going straight.
Drift describes what a vehicle with this condition does with hands off the steering wheel.
zA vehicle-related drift/pull, on a flat road, will cause a consistent deviation from the straight-
ahead path and require constant steering input in the opposite direction to counteract the effect.
z Drift/pull may be induced by conditions external to the vehicle (i.e., wind, road camber).
Excessive Steering Wheel Play
Excessive steering wheel play is a condition in which there is too much steering wheel movement
before the wheels move. A small amount of steering wheel free play is considered normal.
Feedback
Feedback is a roughness felt in the steering wheel when the vehicle is driven over rough pavement.
Hard Steering or Lack of Assist
Hard steering or lack of assist is experienced when the steering wheel effort exceeds specifications.
Hard steering can remain constant through the full turn or occur near the end of a turn. It is important
to know the difference between hard steering/lack of assist and binding.
Hard steering or lack of assist can result from either hydraulic or mechanical conditions. It is extremely
important to know if this concern occurs during driving, during very heavy or static parking maneuvers.
Nibble
Sometimes confused with shimmy, nibble is a condition resulting from tire interaction with various road
surfaces and observed by the driver as small rotational oscillations of the steering wheel. Poor Returnability/Sticky Steering Visual Inspection Chart
Mechanical
z
Loose tie- rod ends
z Loose suspension components
z Loose steering column shaft universal joints
z Loose column intermediate shaft bolts
z Steering gear
z Binding or misaligned steering column
z Power steering pump
z Bent or pinched power steering hoses Klj . 4 ba
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Poor returnability and sticky steering is used to describe the poor return of the steering wheel to center
after a turn or the steering correction is completed.
Shimmy
Shimmy, as observed by the driver, is large, consistent, rotational oscillations of the steering wheel
resulting from large, side-
to-side (lateral) tire/wheel movements.
Shimmy is usually experienced near 64 km/h (40 mph), and can begin or be amplified when the tire
contacts pot holes or irregularities in the road surface.
Wander
Wander is the tendency of the vehicle to require frequent, random left and right steering wheel
corrections to maintain a straight path down a level road.
Symptom Chart
Symptom Chart Condition
Possible Sources Action
z Hard Steering or
Lack of Assist z
Seized lower steering
column shaft U- joints. z
INSTALL a new lower
steering column shaft.
REFER to Section 211 - 04 .
z Damaged, fractured
steering column
bearing(s). z
REPAIR the steering
column. REFER to
Section 211 - 04 .
z Power steering pump. zGO to Pump Flow and
Pressure Test
Component Test in
this section.
z Suspension
components. z
REFER to Section 204 - 00 for suspension
system diagnosis and
testing.
z Steering gear internal
leakage. z
GO to Pump Flow and
Pressure Test
Component Test in
this section.
z Excessive Steering
Pump Noise z
Power steering pump. zGO to Pump Flow and
Pressure Test
Component Test in
this section.
z Excessive Steering
Wheel Play z
Damaged, loose, or
worn tie- rod end
(3A130). z
GO to the Steering
Linkage Component
Test.
z Loose, worn or
damaged front wheel
spindle tie- rod (3280). z
GO to the Tie- Rod
Articulation Torque
Component Test.
z Damaged/worn
steering gear. z
INSTALL a new
steering gear. REFER
to Section 211 - 02 .
z Loose, worn or
damaged steering z
INSTALL new
steering column Klj . 5 ba
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column bearing(s).
bearing(s). REFER to
Section 211 - 04 .
z Loose, worn or
damaged lower
steering column shaft
U-joint(s). z
INSTALL a new lower
steering column shaft.
REFER to Section 211 - 04 .
z Wander zUnevenly loaded or
overloaded vehicle. z
INFORM the
customer of incorrect
vehicle loading.
z Loose, worn or
damaged front wheel
spindle tie- rod. z
GO to the Tie- Rod
Articulation Torque
Component Test.
z Loose, worn or
damaged tie- rod ends. z
GO to the Steering
Linkage Component
Test.
z Loose or damaged
steering gear mounting
bolts. z
INSTALL new or
TIGHTEN bolts.
REFER to Section 211 - 02 .
z Loose lower steering
column shaft U- joint
bolts. z
TIGHTEN the bolts.
REFER to Section 211 - 04 .
z Loose, worn or
damaged lower
steering column shaft
U-joints. z
INSTALL a new lower
steering column shaft.
REFER to Section 211 - 04 .
z Loose, worn or
damaged steering
column bearing(s). z
INSTALL new
steering column
bearings. REFER to
Section 211 - 04 .
z Suspension
components. z
REFER to Section 204 - 00 for suspension
system diagnosis and
testing.
z Drift/Pull zUnevenly loaded or
overloaded vehicle. z
INFORM the
customer of incorrect
vehicle loading.
z Wheel alignment. zCHECK the wheel
alignment. ADJUST
as required. REFER
to Section 204 - 00 .
z Loose, worn or
damaged front wheel
spindle tie- rod. z
GO to the Tie- Rod
Articulation Torque
Component Test.
z Loose, worn or
damaged tie- rod ends. z
GO to the Steering
Linkage Component
Test.
z Suspension
components. z
REFER to Section 204 - 00 for suspension
system diagnosis and
testing.
z The steering gear valve
effort out of balance. z
GO to Steering Gear
Valve Component
Test in this section.
z Check the brake
system for proper z
REFER to Section 206 - 00 . Klj . 6 ba
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operation.
z Incorrect
frame/underbody
alignment. z
CORRECT as
required. REFER to
Frame Dimension
Manual.
z Feedback zLoose, worn or
damaged front wheel
spindle tie- rod. z
GO to the Tie- Rod
Articulation Torque
Component Test.
z Loose, worn or
damaged tie- rod ends. z
GO to the Steering
Linkage Component
Test.
z Loose or damaged
steering gear insulators
or bolts. z
INSTALL new or
TIGHTEN the
retaining bolts.
REFER to Section 211 - 02 .
z Loose lower steering
column shaft U- joint
bolts. z
TIGHTEN the bolts.
REFER to Section 211 - 04 .
z Loose suspension
bushings, fasteners or
ball joints. z
INSTALL new
suspension
components as
necessary. REFER to
Section 204 - 01 .
z Worn or damaged
steering column
bearing(s). z
INSTALL new
steering column
bearing(s). REFER to
Section 211 - 04 .
z Poor
Returnability/Sticky
Steering z
Binding lower steering
column shaft U- joints. z
INSTALL a new lower
steering column shaft.
REFER to Section 211 - 04 .
z Loose, worn or
damaged front wheel
spindle tie- rod. z
GO to the Tie- Rod
Articulation Torque
Component Test.
z Loose, worn or
damaged tie- rod ends. z
GO to the Steering
Linkage Component
Test.
z Suspension
components. z
REFER to Section 204 - 00 for suspension
system diagnosis and
testing.
z Binding steering
column bearing(s). z
INSTALL new
steering column
bearing(s). REFER to
Section 211 - 04 .
z Shimmy zLoose, worn or
damaged tie- rod end. z
GO to the Steering
Linkage Component
Test.
z Loose, worn or
damaged front wheel
spindle tie- rod. z
GO to the Tie- Rod
Articulation Torque
Component Test.
z Suspension
components. z
REFER to Section 204 - 00 for suspension
system diagnosis and
testing. Klj . 7 ba
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Component Tests
Steering Linkage
1. NOTE: Excessive vertical motion of the studs relative to the sockets may indicate excessive
wear.
With the parking brake applied, perform the following:
zHave an assistant rotate the steering wheel back and forth 360 degrees and watch for
relative motion of the studs in the tie- rod end ball sockets.
z Watch for loose steering gear mounting.
2. Another method is to raise the front wheels (1007) off the ground, grasp the wheel at the front and rear and watch for excessive play or binding in the joints while trying to steer the wheels.
3. Install new steering components as necessary. For additional information, refer to the appropriate Group 2 steering section.
Turning Effort Test
NOTE: Make sure that the front wheels are properly aligned and the tire pressure is correct before
checking the effort.
1. Park the vehicle on dry concrete and set the parking brake.
2. Insert a thermometer into the power steering pump reservoir.
3. CAUTION: Do not hold the steering wheel against the stops for more than three to
five seconds at a time. Damage to the power steering pump will occur.
Idle the engine for two to three minutes. Turn the steering wheel from stop- to-stop several times
to warm the fluid to 50- 60°C (122-140°F).
4. With the engine running, attach special tool 211- 034 (T74P-3504-Y) to the rim of the steering
wheel.
5. Measure the pull required to turn the steering wheel one complete revolution in each direction. Refer to Steering Wheel Turning Effort under General Specifications in this section.
Pump Flow and Pressure Test WARNING: Do not touch the flowmeter during the test procedure, or severe burns and
serious injury may occur.
1. CAUTION: Make sure that the connection point will not interfere with any of the
engine accessory drive components or drive belts.
Install special tool 211- F001 (014-00207) at the high pressure port of the power steering pump.
Make sure the power steering analyzer gate valve is fully open. Klj . 8 ba
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z
On some vehicles, the power steering pump high pressure port is inaccessible and the
special tool should then be installed either at the steering gear or at a point in the high
pressure line between the power steering pump and the steering gear.
2. Place a dial thermometer in the power steering pump reservoir.
3. Check the power steering fluid level. If necessary, add power steering fluid. zUse Motorcraft MERCON® Multi-Purpose ATF XT -2-QDX or MERCON® equivalent.
4. Install a digital tachometer.
5. CAUTION: Do not hold the steering wheel against the stops for more than three to
five seconds at a time. Damage to the power steering pump will occur.
Start the engine. Place the transmission in neutral. Set the parking brake. Raise the power
steering fluid temperature to 74- 80°C (165-175°F) by rotating the steering wheel fully to the left
and right several times.
6. Set the engine speed to 1500 rpm. Record the flow rate and pressure readings. zIf the flow rate is below the flow rate specification, a new power steering pump may need
to be installed. Continue with the test procedure.
z If the pressure reading is above the maximum pressure specification, then check power
steering hoses for kinks and restrictions.
7. Partially close the gate valve to obtain 750 psi. Set the engine speed at idle. Record the flow rate.
zIf the flow is less than the specified flow rate, then install a new power steering pump. For
additional information, refer to Section 211 - 02 .
8. CAUTION: Do not allow the gate valve to remain closed for more than 5 seconds.
Completely close and partially open the gate valve 3 times. Record the pressure relief valve
actuation pressure reading. zIf the pressure does not meet the relief pressure specification, install a new power
steering pump. For additional information, refer to Section 211 - 02 .
9. Set engine speed to 1500 rpm. Record the flow rate. zIf the flow rate varies more than 3.785 liters/minute (1 gallon/minute) from the initial flow
rate reading, install a new power steering pump. For additional information, refer to
Section 211 - 02 .
10. CAUTION: Do not hold the steering wheel against the stops for more than three to
five seconds at a time. Damage to the power steering pump will occur.
Set the engine speed at idle. Turn (or have an assistant turn) the steering wheel to the left and
right stops. Record flow rate and pressure readings at the stops.
zThe pressure reading at both stops should be nearly the same as the maximum pump
relief pressure.
z The flow rate should drop below 1.9 liters/minute (0.5 gallons/minute).
z If the pressure does not reach the maximum pump relief pressure or the flow rate does
not drop below the specified value, excessive internal leakage is occurring. Install a new
steering gear as necessary. For additional information, refer to Section 211 - 02 . Klj . 9 ba
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