2001 NISSAN ALMERA N16 check engine

NJMA0043
The following tables show the normal maintenance schedule. Depending upon weather and atmospheric
conditions, varying road surfaces, individual driving habits and vehicle usage, additional or more frequent
maintenance may be required.
Periodic maintenance beyond the last period shown on the tables requires similar maintenance.
Maintenance Schedule for Petrol Engines
(Annual Mileage < 30,000 km/year)
NJMA0043S01QG15DE/QG18DE ENGINESNJMA0043S0101Abbreviations: R = Replace I = Inspect: Correct or replace if necessary
MAINTENANCE OPERATIONMAINTENANCE INTERVAL
Refer-
ence
pages Perform on a kilometer basis, but on
an annual basis when driving less than
15,000 km (9,000 miles) per yearkm x 1,000
(miles x 1,000)
Months15
(9)
1230
(18)
2445
(27)
3660
(36)
4875
(45)
6090
(54)
72105
(63)
84120
(72)
96
Engine compartment and under vehicle
Engine oil (Use recommended oil)HRRRRRRRRLC-8
Engine oil filter (Use NISSAN genuine
part or equivalent)HRRRRRRRRLC-9
Drive beltsIIIIIIIIEM-15
Cooling systemIIIIIIIILC-12
Engine anti-freeze coolant (Use genu-
ine NISSAN Anti-Freeze Coolant (L2N)
or equivalent)See NOTE (1) I R I LC-17
Air cleaner filterHR R EM-17
Intake and exhaust valve clearance See NOTE (2) EM-42
Fuel and EVAP vapour linesIIIIFE-5/
EC-33
Spark plugsRRRREM-18
Fuel filter See NOTE (3) FE-9
Heated oxygen sensor (Exhaust gas
sensor)HSee NOTE (4)GI-40,
EC-45
NOTE:
(1) First replace at 90,000 km (54,000 miles)/60 months, then every 60,000 km (36,000 miles)/48 months. Perform ªIº (Check-
ing the mixture ratio and correcting the mixture ratio if necessary) at the middle of replacement interval.
(2) Periodic maintenance is not required. However, if valve noise increases, check valve clearance.
(3) Fuel filter is maintenance-free. For service procedures, refer to FE section.
(4) Perform only according to ªMaintenance Under Severe Driving Conditionsº for models without Euro-OBD system. For
models with Euro-OBD system, periodic maintenance is not required.
HMaintenance items with ªHº should be performed more frequently according to ªMaintenance Under Severe Driving Con-
ditionsº.
PERIODIC MAINTENANCE (FOR EUROPE)
Maintenance Schedule for Petrol Engines (Annual Mileage < 30,000 km/year)
MA-8

Maintenance Schedule for Diesel Engines
(Annual Mileage < 30,000 km/year)
=NJMA0043S02YD22DDT ENGINENJMA0043S0201Abbreviations: R = Replace I = Inspect: Correct or replace if necessary
MAINTENANCE OPERATIONMAINTENANCE INTERVAL
Reference pages Perform on a kilometer basis, but
on an annual basis when driving
less than 20,000 km (12,000
miles) per year.km x 1,000
(miles x 1,000)
Months20
(12)
1240
(24)
2460
(36)
3680
(48)
48100
(60)
60120
(72)
72
Engine compartment and under vehicle
Engine oil (Use recommended
oil)HRRRRRRLC-30
Engine oil filter (Use Eco filter or
equivalent)HSee NOTE (1)RRRRRRLC-31
Drive beltsIIIIIIEM-84
Cooling systemIIIIIILC-37
Engine anti-freeze coolant (Use
genuine NISSAN Anti-freeze
Coolant (L2N) or equivalent)See NOTE (2) I I LC-43
Air cleaner filterHR R EM-87
Intake & exhaust valve clearance See NOTE (3) EM-132
Fuel lines I I I FE-16
Injection nozzles See NOTE (4) EC-509
Fuel filterHR R R FE-16
NOTE:
(1) Oil filter element assembly and O-ring seal are replacement parts.
(2) First replace at 100,000 km (60,000 miles)/60 months, then every 60,000 km (36,000 miles)/36 months. After first replacement,
perform ªIº (checking the mixture ratio and correcting the mixture ratio if necessary) at the middle of replacement interval.
(3) If valve noise increases, check valve clearance.
(4) If engine power decreases, black exhaust smoke is emitted or engine noise increases, check injection nozzles and if
necessary, replace injection nozzle assembly.
HMaintenance items with ªHº should be performed more frequently according to ªMaintenance Under Severe Driving Con-
ditionsº.
PERIODIC MAINTENANCE (FOR EUROPE)
Maintenance Schedule for Diesel Engines (Annual Mileage < 30,000 km/year)
MA-10

Maintenance Schedule for Petrol Engines
(Annual Mileage > 30,000 km/year)
=NJMA0043S04QG15DE/QG18DE ENGINESNJMA0043S0401Abbreviations: R = Replace I = Inspect: Correct or replace if necessary
MAINTENANCE OPERATIONMAINTENANCE INTERVAL
Refer-
ence
pages Perform on a kilometer basis only.km x 1,000
(miles x 1,000)15
(9)30
(18)45
(27)60
(36)75
(45)90
(54)105
(63)120
(72)
Engine compartment and under vehicle
Engine oil (Use recommended oil)HRRRRRRRRLC-8
Engine oil filter (Use NISSAN genuine
part or equivalent)HRRRRRRRRLC-9
Drive beltsIIIIIIIIEM-15
Cooling systemIIIILC-12
Engine anti-freeze coolant (Use genu-
ine NISSAN Anti-Freeze Coolant (L2N)
or equivalent)See NOTE (1) I R I LC-17
Air cleaner filterHR R EM-17
Intake & exhaust valve clearance See NOTE (2) EM-42
Fuel and EVAP vapor lines I IFE-5/
EC-36
Spark plugsRRRREM-18
Fuel filter See NOTE (3) FE-9
Heated oxygen sensorHSee NOTE (4)GI-40/
EC-45
NOTE:
(1) First replace at 90,000 km (54,000 miles), then every 60,000 km (36,000 miles). Perform ªIº (checking the mixture ratio and
correcting the mixture ratio if necessary) at the middle of replacement interval.
(2) Periodic maintenance is not required. However, if valve noise increases, check valve clearance.
(3) Fuel filter is maintenance-free. For service procedures, refer to FE section.
(4) Perform only according to ªMaintenance Under Severe Driving Conditionsº for models without Euro-OBD system. For
models with Euro-OBD system, periodic maintenance is not required.
HMaintenance items with ªHº should be performed more frequently according to ªMaintenance Under Severe Driving Con-
ditionsº.
PERIODIC MAINTENANCE (FOR EUROPE)
Maintenance Schedule for Petrol Engines (Annual Mileage > 30,000 km/year)
MA-14

Maintenance Schedule for Diesel Engines
(Annual Mileage > 30,000 km/year)
=NJMA0043S05YD22DDT ENGINENJMA0043S0501Abbreviations: R = Replace I = Inspect: Correct or replace if necessary
MAINTENANCE OPERATIONMAINTENANCE INTERVAL
Reference pages
Perform on a kilometer basis
only.km x 1,000
(miles x 1,000)20
(12)40
(24)60
(36)80
(48)100
(60)120
(72)
Engine compartment and under vehicle
Engine oil (Use recommended
oil)HRRRRRRLC-30
Engine oil filter (Use Eco filter or
equivalent)HSee NOTE (1)RRRRRRLC-31
Drive beltsIIIIIIEM-84
Cooling systemIIIIIILC-37
Engine anti-freeze coolant (Use
genuine NISSAN Anti-Freeze
Coolant (L2N) or equivalent)See NOTE (2) I I LC-43
Air cleaner filterHR R EM-87
Intake & exhaust valve clearance See NOTE (3) EM-132
Fuel lines I I FE-16
Injection nozzles See NOTE (4) EC-509
Fuel filterHR R FE-16
NOTE:
(1) Oil filter element assembly and O-ring seal are replacement parts.
(2) First replace at 100,000 km (60,000 miles), then every 60,000 km (36,000 miles). After first replacement, perform ªIº (check-
ing the mixture ratio and correcting the mixture ratio if necessary) at the middle of replacement interval.
(3) If valve noise increases, check valve clearance.
(4) If engine power decreases, black exhaust smoke is emitted or engine noise increases, check injection nozzles and if
necessary, replace injection nozzle assembly.
HMaintenance items with ªHº should be performed more frequently according to ªMaintenance Under Severe Driving Con-
ditionsº.
PERIODIC MAINTENANCE (FOR EUROPE)
Maintenance Schedule for Diesel Engines (Annual Mileage > 30,000 km/year)
MA-16

SMA089D
Engine Coolant Mixture Ratio=NJMA0006S03The engine cooling system is filled at the factory with a high-quality,
year-round and extended life engine coolant. The high quality
engine coolant contains the specific solutions effective for the anti-
corrosion and the anti-freeze function. Therefore, additional cool-
ing system additives are not necessary.
CAUTION:
+For Europe
When adding or replacing coolant, be sure to use only
Genuine NISSAN Anti-freeze Coolant (L2N) or equivalent.
Because L2N is premixed type coolant.
+Except for Europe
When adding or replacing coolant, be sure to use only a
Nissan Genuine Engine Coolant or equivalent in its qual-
ity with the proper mixture ratio. See the examples shown
left.
The use of other types of engine coolant may damage your
cooling system.
+When checking the engine coolant mixture ratio by the coolant
hydrometer, use the chart below to correct your hydrometer
reading (specific gravity) according to coolant temperature.
Mixed coolant specific gravity
Unit: specific gravity
Engine coolant mixture
ratioCoolant temperature ÉC (ÉF)
15 (59) 25 (77) 35 (95) 45 (113)
30% 1.046 - 1.050 1.042 - 1.046 1.038 - 1.042 1.033 - 1.038
50% 1.076 - 1.080 1.070 - 1.076 1.065 - 1.071 1.059 - 1.065
WARNING:
Never remove the radiator cap when the engine is hot. Serious
burns could be caused by high pressure fluid escaping from
the radiator. Wait until the engine and radiator cool down.
RECOMMENDED FLUIDS AND LUBRICANTS
Engine Coolant Mixture Ratio
MA-22

ENGINE MECHANICAL
SECTION
EM
CONTENTS
QG
PRECAUTIONS...............................................................4
Parts Requiring Angular Tightening .............................4
Liquid Gasket Application Procedure ..........................4
PREPARATION...............................................................5
Special Service Tools ..................................................5
Commercial Service Tools ...........................................7
NOISE, VIBRATION AND HARSHNESS (NVH)
TROUBLESHOOTING.....................................................9
NVH Troubleshooting - Engine Noise .........................9
OUTER COMPONENT PARTS..................................... 11
Removal and Installation ........................................... 11
MEASUREMENT OF COMPRESSION PRESSURE....14
DRIVE BELTS................................................................15
Checking ....................................................................15
AIR CLEANER...............................................................17
Cleaning and Changing .............................................17
VISCOUS PAPER TYPE...........................................17
SPARK PLUG................................................................18
Checking and Changing ............................................18
OIL PAN.........................................................................19
Components...............................................................19
Removal .....................................................................19
Installation ..................................................................20
TIMING CHAIN..............................................................22
Components...............................................................22
Removal .....................................................................23
Inspection...................................................................26
Installation ..................................................................27
OIL SEAL.......................................................................31
Replacement ..............................................................31
VALVE OIL SEAL.....................................................31
FRONT OIL SEAL....................................................31
REAR OIL SEAL......................................................32
CYLINDER HEAD..........................................................33
Components...............................................................33
Removal .....................................................................34
Disassembly...............................................................36Inspection...................................................................36
CYLINDER HEAD DISTORTION...............................36
CAMSHAFT VISUAL CHECK....................................36
CAMSHAFT RUNOUT..............................................37
CAMSHAFT CAM HEIGHT.......................................37
CAMSHAFT JOURNAL CLEARANCE........................37
CAMSHAFT END PLAY............................................38
CAMSHAFT SPROCKET RUNOUT...........................38
VALVE GUIDE CLEARANCE....................................38
VALVE GUIDE REPLACEMENT................................39
VALVE SEATS.........................................................40
REPLACING VALVE SEAT FOR SERVICE PARTS....40
VALVE DIMENSIONS...............................................41
VALVE SPRING.......................................................41
VALVE LIFTER AND VALVE SHIM............................41
Valve Clearance.........................................................42
CHECKING.............................................................42
ADJUSTING............................................................43
Assembly ...................................................................45
Installation ..................................................................45
ENGINE ASSEMBLY.....................................................49
Removal and Installation ...........................................49
REMOVAL...............................................................50
INSTALLATION........................................................51
CYLINDER BLOCK.......................................................52
Components...............................................................52
Removal and Installation ...........................................53
Disassembly...............................................................53
PISTON AND CRANKSHAFT....................................53
Inspection...................................................................54
PISTON AND PISTON PIN CLEARANCE..................54
PISTON RING SIDE CLEARANCE............................54
PISTON RING END GAP..........................................54
CONNECTING ROD BEND AND TORSION...............55
CYLINDER BLOCK DISTORTION AND WEAR...........55
PISTON-TO-BORE CLEARANCE..............................56
CRANKSHAFT.........................................................57
BEARING CLEARANCE...........................................57
CONNECTING ROD BUSHING CLEARANCE
(SMALL END)
..........................................................59

CYLINDER HEAD DISTORTION.............................121
CAMSHAFT VISUAL CHECK..................................122
CAMSHAFT RUNOUT............................................122
CAMSHAFT CAM HEIGHT.....................................122
CAMSHAFT JOURNAL CLEARANCE......................122
CAMSHAFT END PLAY..........................................123
CAMSHAFT SPROCKET RUNOUT.........................123
VALVE GUIDE CLEARANCE..................................123
VALVE GUIDE REPLACEMENT..............................124
VALVE SEATS.......................................................125
REPLACING VALVE SEAT FOR SERVICE PARTS..125
VALVE DIMENSIONS.............................................127
VALVE SPRING.....................................................127
VALVE LIFTER......................................................127
Assembly .................................................................128
Installation ................................................................129
CYLINDER HEAD GASKET SELECTION.................129
CYLINDER HEAD BOLT DEFORMATION CHECK...130
CYLINDER HEAD-TO-BLOCK DIFFERENCE
CHECK
.................................................................130
LIQUID GASKET APPLICATION ON REAR CHAIN
CASE
....................................................................130
CYLINDER HEAD INSTALLATION..........................131
GLOW PLUG INSTALLATION.................................131
CAMSHAFT INSTALLATION...................................131
Valve Clearance.......................................................132
CHECKING...........................................................132
ADJUSTING..........................................................133
ENGINE ASSEMBLY...................................................136
Removal and Installation .........................................136
REMOVAL.............................................................137
INSTALLATION......................................................138
CYLINDER BLOCK.....................................................139
Components.............................................................139
Removal and Installation .........................................140
Disassembly.............................................................140
PISTON AND CRANKSHAFT..................................140
Inspection.................................................................143
CRANKSHAFT END PLAY.....................................143
CONNECTING ROD SIDE CLEARANCE.................143
PISTON AND PISTON PIN CLEARANCE................144
PISTON RING SIDE CLEARANCE..........................144
PISTON RING END GAP........................................145
CONNECTING ROD BEND AND TORSION.............145
CYLINDER BLOCK DISTORTION AND WEAR.........145
PISTON-TO-BORE CLEARANCE............................146
CRANKSHAFT.......................................................148
MAIN BEARING HOUSING INNER DIAMETER........148
BEARING CLEARANCE.........................................148
MAIN BEARING CRUSH HEIGHT...........................152
MAIN BEARING CAP BOLT DEFORMATION...........152
CONNECTING ROD BUSHING CLEARANCE
(SMALL END)
........................................................152
CONNECTING ROD BOLT DEFORMATION............153
FLYWHEEL RUNOUT............................................153
OIL JET................................................................153
OIL JET RELIEF VALVE.........................................154
Assembly .................................................................154
PISTON................................................................154
CRANKSHAFT.......................................................154
REPLACEMENT OF PILOT BUSHING.....................157
SERVICE DATA AND SPECIFICATIONS (SDS).......159
General Specifications .............................................159
Compression Pressure ............................................159
Belt Deflection..........................................................159
Cylinder Head ..........................................................159
Valve ........................................................................160
VALVE..................................................................160
VALVE CLEARANCE..............................................160
AVAILABLE SHIMS................................................160
VALVE SPRING.....................................................161
VALVE LIFTER......................................................162
VALVE GUIDE.......................................................162
Valve Seat................................................................163
Camshaft and Camshaft Bearing ............................165
Cylinder Block ..........................................................166
Piston, Piston Ring and Piston Pin .........................167
AVAILABLE PISTON..............................................167
PISTON RING.......................................................167
PISTON PIN..........................................................167
Connecting Rod .......................................................168
Crankshaft................................................................168
Available Main Bearing ............................................169
UNDERSIZE..........................................................169
Available Connecting Rod Bearing..........................169
CONNECTING ROD BEARING...............................169
UNDERSIZE..........................................................169
Miscellaneous Components.....................................169
BEARING CLEARANCE.........................................170
CONTENTS(Cont'd)
EM-3

NJEM0005
NVH Troubleshooting Ð Engine NoiseNJEM0005S01Use the chart below to help you find the cause of the symptom.
1. Locate the area where noise occurs.
2. Confirm the type of noise.
3. Specify the operating condition of engine.
4. Check specified noise source.
If necessary, repair or replace these parts.
Location of
noiseType of
noiseOperating condition of engine
Source of
noiseCheck itemReference
page Before
warm-
upAfter
warm-
upWhen
start-
ingWhen
idlingWhen
racingWhile
driving
To p o f
Engine
Rocket
Cover Cyl-
inder HeadTicking or
clickC A Ð A B Ð Tappet
noise+Valve clearance EM-42
Rattle C A Ð A B C Camshaft
bearing
noise+Camshaft journal
clearance
+Camshaft runoutEM-37
Crankshaft
Pulley
Cylinder
block (Side
of Engine)
Oil panSlap or
knockÐ A Ð B B Ð Piston pin
noise+Piston and piston pin
clearance
+Connecting rod bush-
ing clearanceEM-54, 59
Slap or
rapA Ð Ð B B A Piston slap
noise+Piston-to-bore clear-
ance
+Piston ring side clear-
ance
+Piston ring end gap
+Connecting rod bend
and torsionEM-54, 55,
56
Knock A B CB B B Connecting
rod-bearing
noise+Connecting rod bear-
ing clearance (Big
end)
+Connecting rod bush-
ing clearance (Small
end)EM-58, 59
Knock A B Ð A B C Main bear-
ing noise+Main bearing oil clear-
ance
+Crankshaft runoutEM-57
Front of
Engine Tim-
ing Chain
CoverTapping or
tickingAAÐBBBTiming
chain and
chain ten-
sioner noise+Timing chain cracks
and wear
+Timing chain tensioner
operationEM-26
Front of
EngineSqueak or
fizzingA B Ð B Ð C Other drive
belts (stick-
ing or slip-
ping)+Drive belts deflection EM-15
CreakingABABABOther drive
belts (slip-
ping)+Idler pulley bearing
operation
Squall or
creakABÐBABWater pump
noise+Water pump operation LC-14
A: Closely related B: Related C: Sometimes related Ð: Not related
NOISE, VIBRATION AND HARSHNESS (NVH) TROUBLESHOOTINGQG
NVH Troubleshooting Ð Engine Noise
EM-9