2001 DODGE RAM ignition

57,000 Miles (91 000 km)
²Replace engine oil and filter.
60,000 Miles (96 000 km)
²Replace engine oil and filter.
²Replace engine air cleaner element.
²Replace ignition cables.
²Replace spark plugs.
²Drain and refill automatic transmission fluid.
Replace filter and adjust bands.³
²Change rear axle fluid.
²Change front axle fluid (4x4).
²Inspect brake linings.
63,000 Miles (101 000 km)
²Replace engine oil and filter.
66,000 Miles (106 000 km)
²Replace engine oil and filter.
69,000 Miles (110 000 km)
²Replace engine oil and filter.
72,000 Miles (115 000 km)
²Replace engine oil and filter.
²Drain and refill automatic transmission fluid.
Replace filter and adjust bands.
²Drain and refill transfer case fluid.
²Inspect front wheel bearings. Clean and repack,
if required (4x2).
²Change rear axle fluid.
²Change front axle fluid (4x4).
²Inspect brake linings.
75,000 Miles (120 000 km)
²Replace engine oil and filter.
²Inspect engine air cleaner element, replace
as necessary.
78,000 Miles (125 000 km)
²Replace engine oil and filter.
²Flush and replace engine coolant.
81,000 Miles (130 000 km)
²Replace engine oil and filter.
84,000 Miles (134 000 km)
²Replace engine oil and filter.
²Drain and refill automatic transmission fluid.
Replace filter and adjust bands.³
²Change rear axle fluid.
²Change front axle fluid (4x4).
²Inspect brake linings.
87,000 Miles (139 000 km)
²Replace engine oil and filter.
90,000 Miles (144 000 km)
²Replace engine oil and filter.
²Replace engine air cleaner element.
²Replace spark plugs.
²Inspect front wheel bearings. Clean and repack,
if required (4x2).
93,000 Miles (149 000 km)
²Replace engine oil and filter.
96,000 Miles (154 000 km)
²Replace engine oil and filter.
²Drain and refill automatic transmission fluid.
Replace filter and adjust bands.
²Change rear axle fluid.
²Change front axle fluid (4x4).
²Inspect brake linings.
99,000 Miles (156 000 km)
²Replace engine oil and filter.
102,000 Miles (163 000 km)
²Replace engine oil and filter.
105,000 Miles (168 000 km)
²Replace engine oil and filter.
²Inspect engine air cleaner element, replace
as necessary.
108,000 Miles (173 000 km)
²Replace engine oil and filter.
²Drain and refill automatic transmission fluid.
Replace filter and adjust bands.³
²Drain and refill transfer case fluid.
²Change rear axle fluid.
²Change front axle fluid (4x4).
²Inspect brake linings.
²Flush and replace engine coolant.
111,000 Miles (178 000 km)
²Replace engine oil and filter.
114,000 Miles (183 000 km)
²Replace engine oil and filter.
117,000 Miles (187 000 km)
²Replace engine oil and filter.
120,000 Miles (192 000 km)
²Replace engine oil and filter.
²Replace engine air cleaner element.
²Replace ignition cables.
²Replace spark plugs.
²Drain and refill automatic transmission fluid.
Replace filter and adjust bands.
²Change rear axle fluid.
²Change front axle fluid (4x4).
0 - 16 LUBRICATION & MAINTENANCEBR/BE
MAINTENANCE SCHEDULES (Continued)

²Drain and refill transfer case fluid.
²Inspect brake linings.
²Flush and replace engine coolant at 36 months,
regardless of mileage.
²Inspect front wheel bearings. Clean and repack,
if required (4x4).
²Inspect engine air cleaner element, replace
as necessary (8.0L only).
42,000 Miles (67 000 km) or at 42 months
²Change engine oil.
²Replace engine oil filter.
48,000 Miles (77 000 km) or at 48 months)
²Change engine oil.
²Replace engine oil filter.
²Replace engine air cleaner element and air
pump filter.
²Drain and refill automatic transmission fluid.
Replace filter and adjust bands.
²Clean and lubricate crankcase inlet air filter
(5.9L).
²Inspect front wheel bearings. Clean and repack,
if required (4x2).
²Flush and replace engine coolant if not done at
36 months.
54,000 Miles (86 000 km) or at 54 months
²Change engine oil.
²Replace engine oil filter.
²Inspect brake linings.
²Inspect front wheel bearings. Clean and repack,
if required (4x4).
60,000 Miles (96 000 km) or at 60 months
²Change engine oil.
²Replace engine oil filter.
²Replace ignition cables.
²Replace PCV valve (5.9L).*
²Replace distributor cap and rotor (5.9L
only).
²Replace spark plugs.
²Flush and replace engine coolant if it has been
30,000 miles (48 000 km) or 24 months since last
change.
²Inspect engine air cleaner element, replace
as necessary (8.0L only).
66,000 Miles (106 000 km) or at 66 months
²Change engine oil.
²Replace engine oil filter.
72,000 Miles (115 000 km) or at 72 months
²Change engine oil.
²Replace engine oil filter.
²Replace engine air cleaner element and air
pump filter.²Drain and refill automatic transmission fluid.
Replace filter and adjust bands.
²Drain and refill transfer case fluid.
²Clean and lubricate crankcase inlet air filter
(5.9L).
²Inspect front wheel bearings. Clean and repack,
if required (all).
²Inspect brake linings.
78,000 Miles (125 000 km) or at 78 months
²Change engine oil.
²Replace engine oil filter.
²Flush and replace engine coolant if it has been
30,000 miles (48 000 km) or 24 months since last
change.
82,500 Miles (132 000 km) or at 82 months
²Replace oxygen sensor (5.9L only).*
84,000 Miles (134 000 km) or at 84 months
²Change engine oil.
²Replace engine oil filter.
²Flush and replace engine coolant if it has been
30,000 miles (48 000 km) or 24 months since last
change.
²Inspect engine air cleaner element, replace
as necessary (8.0L only).
90,000 Miles (144 000 km) or at 90 months
²Change engine oil.
²Replace engine oil filter.
²Replace spark plugs.
²Inspect brake linings.
²Inspect front wheel bearings. Clean and repack,
if required (4x4).
96,000 Miles (154 000 km) or at 96 months
²Change engine oil.
²Replace engine oil filter.
²Replace engine air cleaner element and air
pump filter.
²Drain and refill automatic transmission fluid.
Replace filter and adjust bands.
²Clean and lubricate crankcase inlet air filter
(5.9L).
²Inspect front wheel bearings. Clean and repack,
if required (4x2).
102,000 Miles (163 000 km) or at 102 months
²Change engine oil.
²Replace engine oil filter.
108,000 Miles (173 000 km) or at 108 months
²Change engine oil.
²Replace engine oil filter.
²Drain and refill transfer case fluid.
²Inspect brake linings.
0 - 18 LUBRICATION & MAINTENANCEBR/BE
MAINTENANCE SCHEDULES (Continued)

33,000 Miles (53 000 km)
²Change engine oil.
²Replace engine oil filter.
²Lubricate tie rod ends every 3,000 miles (5 000
km).
36,000 Miles (58 000 km)
²Change engine oil.
²Replace engine oil filter.
²Inspect engine air cleaner element and air
pump filter, replace as necessary.
²Drain and refill automatic transmission fluid.
Replace filter and adjust bands.³
²Drain and refill transfer case (4x4).
²Change rear axle fluid.
²Change front axle fluid (4x4).
²Inspect brake linings.
²Lubricate tie rod ends every 3,000 miles (5 000
km).
²Inspect front wheel bearings (4x4).
²Inspect front wheel bearings (4x2).
39,000 Miles (62 000 km)
²Change engine oil.
²Replace engine oil filter.
²Lubricate tie rod ends every 3,000 miles (5 000
km).
42,000 Miles (67 000 km)
²Change engine oil.
²Replace engine oil filter.
²Lubricate tie rod ends every 3,000 miles (5 000
km).
²Inspect front wheel bearings (4x4).
45,000 Miles (72 000 km)
²Change engine oil.
²Replace engine oil filter.
²Lubricate tie rod ends every 3,000 miles (5 000
km).
²Inspect front wheel bearings (4x2).
²Flush and replace engine coolant (36 months).
48,000 Miles (77 000 km)
²Change engine oil.
²Replace engine oil filter.
²Replace engine air cleaner element and air
pump filter.
²Drain and refill automatic transmission fluid.
Replace filter and adjust bands.
²Change rear axle fluid.
²Change front axle fluid (4x4).
²Clean and lubricate crankcase inlet air filter
(5.9L).
²Inspect front wheel bearings. Clean and repack,
if required (4x2).²Inspect brake linings.
²Flush and replace engine coolant.
²Lubricate tie rod ends every 3,000 miles (5 000
km).
²Inspect front wheel bearings (4x4).
²Drain and refill transfer case fluid every 18,000
miles (4x4).
51,000 Miles (82 000 km)
²Change engine oil.
²Replace engine oil filter.
²Lubricate tie rod ends every 3,000 miles (5 000
km).
54,000 Miles (86 000 km)
²Change engine oil.
²Replace engine oil filter.
²Lubricate tie rod ends every 3,000 miles (5 000
km).
²Inspect front wheel bearings (4x4).
²Inspect front wheel bearings (4x2).
²Drain and refill transfer case (4x4).
57,000 Miles (91 000 km)
²Change engine oil.
²Replace engine oil filter.
²Lubricate tie rod ends every 3,000 miles (5 000
km).
60,000 Miles (96 000 km)
²Change engine oil.
²Replace engine oil filter.
²Inspect engine air cleaner element and air
pump filter, replace as necessary.
²Replace PCV valve (5.9L).*
²Replace distributor cap and rotor (5.9L).
²Replace ignition cables.
²Replace spark plugs.
²Clean EGR passages (5.9L if so equipped).*
²Replace EGR valve (5.9L if so equipped).*
²Drain and refill automatic transmission fluid.
Replace filter and adjust bands.³
²Change rear axle fluid.
²Change front axle fluid (4x4).
²Inspect brake linings.
²Lubricate tie rod ends every 3,000 miles (5 000
km).
²Inspect front wheel bearings (4x4).
63,000 Miles (101 000 km)
²Change engine oil.
²Replace engine oil filter.
²Lubricate tie rod ends every 3,000 miles (5 000
km).
²Inspect front wheel bearings (4x2).
0 - 20 LUBRICATION & MAINTENANCEBR/BE
MAINTENANCE SCHEDULES (Continued)

JUMP STARTING
STANDARD PROCEDURE
WARNING: REVIEW ALL SAFETY PRECAUTIONS
AND WARNINGS IN GROUP 8A, BATTERY/START-
ING/CHARGING SYSTEMS DIAGNOSTICS. DO NOT
JUMP START A FROZEN BATTERY, PERSONAL
INJURY CAN RESULT. DO NOT JUMP START WHEN
MAINTENANCE FREE BATTERY INDICATOR DOT IS
YELLOW OR BRIGHT COLOR. DO NOT JUMP
START A VEHICLE WHEN THE BATTERY FLUID IS
BELOW THE TOP OF LEAD PLATES. DO NOT
ALLOW JUMPER CABLE CLAMPS TO TOUCH
EACH OTHER WHEN CONNECTED TO A BOOSTER
SOURCE. DO NOT USE OPEN FLAME NEAR BAT-
TERY. REMOVE METALLIC JEWELRY WORN ON
HANDS OR WRISTS TO AVOID INJURY BY ACCI-
DENTAL ARCING OF BATTERY CURRENT. WHEN
USING A HIGH OUTPUT BOOSTING DEVICE, DO
NOT ALLOW BATTERY VOLTAGE TO EXCEED 16
VOLTS. REFER TO INSTRUCTIONS PROVIDED
WITH DEVICE BEING USED.
CAUTION: When using another vehicle as a
booster, do not allow vehicles to touch. Electrical
systems can be damaged on either vehicle.
TO JUMP START A DISABLED VEHICLE:
(1) Raise hood on disabled vehicle and visually
inspect engine compartment for:
²Battery cable clamp condition, clean if necessary.
²Frozen battery.
²Yellow or bright color test indicator, if equipped.
²Low battery fluid level.
²Generator drive belt condition and tension.
²Fuel fumes or leakage, correct if necessary.
CAUTION: If the cause of starting problem on dis-
abled vehicle is severe, damage to booster vehicle
charging system can result.
(2) When using another vehicle as a booster
source, park the booster vehicle within cable reach.
Turn off all accessories, set the parking brake, place
the automatic transmission in PARK or the manual
transmission in NEUTRAL and turn the ignition
OFF.(3) On disabled vehicle, place gear selector in park
or neutral and set park brake. Turn off all accesso-
ries.
(4) Connect jumper cables to booster battery. RED
clamp to positive terminal (+). BLACK clamp to neg-
ative terminal (-). DO NOT allow clamps at opposite
end of cables to touch, electrical arc will result.
Review all warnings in this procedure.
(5) On disabled vehicle, connect RED jumper cable
clamp to positive (+) terminal. Connect BLACK
jumper cable clamp to engine ground as close to the
ground cable attaching point as possible (Fig. 7)and
(Fig. 8).
(6) Start the engine in the vehicle which has the
booster battery, let the engine idle a few minutes,
then start the engine in the vehicle with the dis-
charged battery.
CAUTION: Do not crank starter motor on disabled
vehicle for more than 15 seconds, starter will over-
heat and could fail.
(7) Allow battery in disabled vehicle to charge to
at least 12.4 volts (75% charge) before attempting to
start engine. If engine does not start within 15 sec-
onds, stop cranking engine and allow starter to cool
(15 min.), before cranking again.
Fig. 7 Jumper Cable Clamp ConnectionsÐGas
Engine
1 - NEGATIVE OR GROUND CABLE CONNECTION
2 - POSITIVE CABLE CONNECTION
3 - BATTERY
BR/BELUBRICATION & MAINTENANCE 0 - 27

CONDITION POSSIBLE CAUSES CORRECTION
5. Pressure cap not installed tightly. If cap
is loose, boiling point of coolant will be
lowered. Also refer to the following Step
6.5. Tighten cap
6. Poor seals at the radiator cap. 6. (a) Check condition of cap and cap
seals. Refer to Radiator Cap. Replace
cap if necessary.
(b) Check condition of radiator filler neck.
If neck is bent or damaged, replace
radiator.
7. Coolant level low in radiator but not in
coolant reserve/overflow tank. This
means the radiator is not drawing coolant
from the coolant reserve/overflow tank as
the engine cools7. (a) Check condition of radiator cap and
cap seals. Refer to Radiator Cap in this
Group. Replace cap if necessary.
(b) Check condition of radiator filler neck.
If neck is bent or damaged, replace
radiator.
(c) Check condition of the hose from the
radiator to the coolant tank. It should fit
tight at both ends without any kinks or
tears. Replace hose if necessary.
(d) Check coolant reserve/overflow tank
and tanks hoses for blockage. Repair as
necessary.
8. Incorrect coolant concentration 8. Check coolant. (Refer to
LUBRICATION & MAINTENANCE/FLUID
TYPES - DESCRIPTION).
9. Coolant not flowing through system 9. Check for coolant flow at radiator filler
neck with some coolant removed, engine
warm and thermostat open. Coolant
should be observed flowing through
radiator. If flow is not observed, determine
area of obstruction and repair as
necessary.
10. Radiator or A/C condenser fins are
dirty or clogged.10. Remove insects and debris. (Refer to
7 - COOLING - STANDARD
PROCEDURE).
11. Radiator core is corroded or plugged. 11. Have radiator re-cored or replaced.
12. Aftermarket A/C installed without
proper radiator.12. Install proper radiator.
13. Fuel or ignition system problems. 13. Refer to 14 - Fuel System or 8 -
Electrical for diagnosis and testing
procedures.
14. Dragging brakes. 14. Check and correct as necessary.
(Refer to 5 - BRAKES - DIAGNOSIS AND
TESTING) for correct procedures.
15. Bug screen or cardboard is being
used, reducing airflow.15. Remove bug screen or cardboard.
7 - 8 COOLINGBR/BE
COOLING (Continued)

CONDITION POSSIBLE CAUSES CORRECTION
PRESSURE CAP IS
BLOWING OFF STEAM
AND/OR COOLANT TO
COOLANT TANK.
TEMPERATURE
GAUGE READING MAY
BE ABOVE NORMAL
BUT NOT HIGH.
COOLANT LEVEL MAY
BE HIGH IN COOLANT
RESERVE/OVERFLOW
TANK1. Pressure relief valve in radiator cap is
defective.1. Check condition of radiator cap and
cap seals. (Refer to 7 - COOLING/
ENGINE/RADIATOR PRESSURE CAP -
DIAGNOSIS AND TESTING). Replace
cap as necessary.
COOLANT LOSS TO
THE GROUND
WITHOUT PRESSURE
CAP BLOWOFF.
GAUGE READING
HIGH OR HOT1. Coolant leaks in radiator, cooling
system hoses, water pump or engine.1. Pressure test and repair as necessary.
(Refer to 7 - COOLING - DIAGNOSIS
AND TESTING).
DETONATION OR
PRE-IGNITION (NOT
CAUSED BY IGNITION
SYSTEM). GAUGE MAY
OR MAY NOT BE
READING HIGH1. Engine overheating. 1. Check reason for overheating and
repair as necessary.
2. Freeze point of coolant not correct.
Mixture is too rich or too lean.2. Check coolant concentration. (Refer to
LUBRICATION & MAINTENANCE/FLUID
TYPES - DESCRIPTION).
HOSE OR HOSES
COLLAPSE WHILE
ENGINE IS RUNNING1. Vacuum created in cooling system on
engine cool-down is not being relieved
through coolant reserve/overflow system.1. (a) Radiator cap relief valve stuck.
(Refer to 7 - COOLING/ENGINE/
RADIATOR PRESSURE CAP -
DIAGNOSIS AND TESTING). Replace if
necessary
(b) Hose between coolant reserve/
overflow tank and radiator is kinked.
Repair as necessary.
(c) Vent at coolant reserve/overflow tank
is plugged. Clean vent and repair as
necessary.
(d) Reserve/overflow tank is internally
blocked or plugged. Check for blockage
and repair as necessary.
7 - 10 COOLINGBR/BE
COOLING (Continued)

STANDARD PROCEDUREÐDRAINING
COOLING SYSTEM 3.9L/5.2L/5.9L/8.0L
ENGINES
WARNING: DO NOT REMOVE CYLINDER BLOCK
DRAIN PLUGS OR LOOSEN RADIATOR DRAIN-
COCK WITH SYSTEM HOT AND UNDER PRESSURE.
SERIOUS BURNS FROM COOLANT CAN OCCUR.
DO NOT WASTE reusable coolant. If solution is
clean, drain coolant into a clean container for reuse.
(1) Remove radiator pressure cap.
(2) Loosen radiator petcock.
(3) Remove cylinder block drain plugs. Refer to
(Fig. 7).
STANDARD PROCEDUREÐDRAINING COOLING
SYSTEM 5.9L DIESEL ENGINE
WARNING: DO NOT REMOVE THE CYLINDER
BLOCK DRAIN PLUGS OR LOOSEN THE RADIATOR
DRAIN PLUG WITH SYSTEM HOT AND UNDER
PRESSURE. SERIOUS BURNS FROM COOLANT
CAN OCCUR.
DO NOT WASTE reusable coolant. If the solution
is clean, drain the coolant into a clean container for
reuse.
(1) Start the engine and place the heater control
temperature selector in the Full-On position. Vacuum
is needed to actuate the heater controls.
(2) Turn the ignition off.
(3) Do not remove radiator cap when draining cool-
ant from reserve/overflow tank. Open radiator drain
plug and when tank is empty, remove radiator cap. If
the coolant reserve/overflow tank does not drain,
(Refer to 7 - COOLING - DIAGNOSIS AND TEST-ING). The coolant need not be removed from tank
unless the system is being refilled with fresh mix-
ture.
(4) Remove radiator pressure cap.
STANDARD PROCEDUREÐREFILLING
COOLING SYSTEM 3.9L/5.2L/5.9L/8.0L
ENGINES
WARNING: DO NOT REMOVE CYLINDER BLOCK
DRAIN PLUGS OR LOOSEN RADIATOR DRAIN-
COCK WITH SYSTEM HOT AND UNDER PRESSURE.
SERIOUS BURNS FROM COOLANT CAN OCCUR.
DO NOT WASTE reusable coolant. If solution is
clean, drain coolant into a clean container for reuse.
Clean cooling system prior to refilling. (Refer to 7 -
COOLING - STANDARD PROCEDURE).
(1) Install cylinder block drain plugs. Coat the
threads with MopartThread Sealant with Teflon.
(2) Close radiator petcock.
(3) Fill cooling system with a 50/50 mixture of
water and antifreeze.
(4) Fill coolant reserve/overflow tank to FULL
mark on indicator stick.
(5) Start and operate engine until thermostat
opens (upper radiator hose warm to touch).
(6) If necessary, add a 50/50 water and antifreeze
mixture to the coolant reserve/overflow tank. This is
done to maintain coolant level between the FULL
and ADD marks. The level in the reserve/overflow
tank may drop below the ADD mark after three or
four warm-up and cool-down cycles.
STANDARD PROCEDUREÐREFILLING
COOLING SYSTEM 5.9L DIESEL ENGINE
Clean cooling system prior to refilling (Refer to 7 -
COOLING - STANDARD PROCEDURE).
(1) Close radiator drain plug.
CAUTION: Due to the use of the one-way check
valve, the engine must not be operating when refill-
ing the cooling system.
NOTE: The diesel engine is equipped with a one-
way check valve (jiggle pin). The check valve is
used as a servicing feature and will vent air when
the system is being filled. Water pressure (or flow)
will hold the valve closed.
(2) Fill the cooling system with a 50/50 mixture of
water and antifreeze.
Fig. 7 Cylinder Block Drain PlugÐ3.9L/5.2L/5.9L
Engines
1 - BLOCK DRAIN PLUG
BR/BECOOLING 7 - 15
COOLING (Continued)

REMOVAL
WARNING: BECAUSE OF HIGH SPRING PRES-
SURE, DO NOT ATTEMPT TO DISASSEMBLE AUTO-
MATIC TENSIONER. UNIT IS SERVICED AS AN
ASSEMBLY (EXCEPT FOR PULLEY).
(1) Remove accessory drive belt. (Refer to 7 -
COOLING/ACCESSORY DRIVE/DRIVE BELTS -
REMOVAL).
(2) Disconnect wiring and secondary cable from
ignition coil.
(3) Remove ignition coil from coil mounting
bracket (two bolts). Do not remove coil mounting
bracket from cylinder head.
(4) Remove tensioner assembly from mounting
bracket (one nut) (Fig. 2).(5) Remove pulley bolt. Remove pulley from ten-
sioner.
INSTALLATION
(1) Install pulley and pulley bolt to tensioner.
Tighten bolt to 61 N´m (45 ft. lbs.) torque.
(2) Install tensioner assembly to mounting
bracket. An indexing tab is located on back of ten-
sioner. Align this tab to slot in mounting bracket.
Tighten nut to 67 N´m (50 ft. lbs.) torque.
(3) Connect all wiring to ignition coil.
CAUTION: To prevent damage to coil case, coil
mounting bolts must be torqued.
(4) Install coil to coil bracket. If nuts and bolts are
used to secure coil to coil bracket, tighten to 11 N´m
(100 in. lbs.) torque. If coil mounting bracket has
been tapped for coil mounting bolts, tighten bolts to 5
N´m (50 in. lbs.) torque.
(5) Install drive belt. (Refer to 7 - COOLING/AC-
CESSORY DRIVE/DRIVE BELTS - INSTALLA-
TION).
(6) Check belt indexing marks (Fig. 2).
BELT TENSIONERS - 8.0L
DESCRIPTION
CAUTION: Do not attempt to check belt tension with
a belt tension gauge on vehicles equipped with an
automatic belt tensioner.
Drive belts on 8.0L engines are equipped with a
spring loaded automatic belt tensioner (Fig. 3). This
belt tensioner will be used with all belt configura-
tions, such as with or without power steering or air
conditioning.
The tensioner is equipped with an indexing arrow
(Fig. 4) on back of tensioner and an indexing mark
on tensioner housing.
OPERATION
WARNING: THE AUTOMATIC BELT TENSIONER
ASSEMBLY IS SPRING LOADED. DO NOT ATTEMPT
TO DISASSEMBLE THE TENSIONER ASSEMBLY.
The automatic belt tensioner maintains correct belt
tension using a coiled spring within the tensioner
housing. The spring applies pressure to the tensioner
arm pressing the arm into the belt, tensioning the
belt.Fig. 2 Tensioner Indexing Marks and Mounting Nut
1 - TENSIONER ASSEMBLY
2 - TENSIONER MOUNTING NUT
3 - INDEXING ARROW
4 - INDEXING MARK
7 - 20 ACCESSORY DRIVEBR/BE
BELT TENSIONERS - 3.9L/5.2L/5.9L (Continued)