Parts Requiring Angular Tightening
+Some important engine parts are tightened using an angular-
tightening method rather than a torque setting method.
+If these parts are tightened using a torque setting method, dis-
persal of the tightening force (axial bolt force) will be two or
three times that of the dispersal produced by using the correct
angular-tightening method.
+Although the torque setting values (described in this manual)
are equivalent to those used when bolts and nuts are tightened
with an angular-tightening method, they should be used for
reference only.
+To assure the satisfactory maintenance of the engine, bolts and
nuts must be tightened using an angular-tightening method.
+Before tightening the bolts and nuts, ensure that the thread and
seating surfaces are clean and then coated with engine oil.
+The bolts and nuts which require the angular-tightening method
are cylinder head bolts.
Liquid Gasket Application Procedure
a. Before applying liquid gasket, use a scraper to remove all
traces of old liquid gasket from mating surface.
b. Apply a continuous bead of liquid gasket to mating sur-
faces. (Use Genuine Liquid Gasket or equivalent.)
+Be sure liquid gasket is speci®ed width (for oil pan) 3.5
to 4.5 mm (0.138 to 0.177 in) for gasoline engine.
+Be sure liquid gasket is 2.0 to 3.0 mm (0.079 to 0.118
in) wide in areas except oil pan for TB and RD series
engines and 2.5 to 3.5 mm (0.098 to 0.138 in) for TD
series engine.
c. Apply liquid gasket to inner surface around hole perimeter
area.
(Assembly should be done within 5 minutes after coating.)
d. Wait at least 30 minutes before re®lling engine oil and
engine coolant.
SEM371C
PRECAUTIONS
EM-1
NVH Troubleshooting Chart Ð Engine Noise
Use the chart below to help you ®nd the cause of the problem.
1. Locate the area where noise occurs.
2. Con®rm the type of noise.
3. Specify the operating condition of engine.
4. Check speci®ed noise source.
If necessary, repair or replace these parts.
Location of
noiseType of
noiseOperating condition of engine
Source of
noiseCheck itemReference
page Before
warm-upAfter
warm-upWhen
startingWhen
idlingWhen
racingWhile
driving
To p o f
engine
Rocker
cover
Cylinder
headTicking or
clickingCAÐABÐTappet
noiseValve clearance EM-41
Rattle C A Ð A B CCamshaft
bearing
noiseCamshaft journal clearance
Camshaft runoutEM-37
Crankshaft
pulley
Cylinder
block (Side
of engine)
Oil panSlap or
knockÐAÐB BÐPiston pin
noisePiston and piston pin clear-
ance
Connecting rod bushing
clearanceEM-47, 53
Slap or rap A Ð Ð B B APiston slap
noisePiston-to-bore clearance
Piston ring side clearance
Piston ring end gap
Connecting rod bend and
torsionEM-48, 49
Knock A B C B B BConnecting
rod bearing
noiseConnecting rod bushing
clearance (Small end)
Connecting rod bearing
clearance (Big end)EM-52, 53
Knock A B Ð A B CMain bear-
ing noiseMain bearing oil clearance
Crankshaft runoutEM-51
Timing belt
coverWhine or
hissingCAÐAAÐTiming belt
noise (too
tight)
Loose timing belt
Belt contacting caseEM-18
Clatter A B Ð C A ÐTiming belt
noise (too
loose)
Front of
engineSqueaking
or ®zzingABÐBÐCOther drive
belts
(Sticking or
slipping)Drive belts de¯ection
*1
CreakingABABABOther drive
belts (Slip-
ping)Idler pulley bearing operation
Squall
CreakABÐBABWater pump
noiseWater pump operation *2
A: Closely related B: Related C: Sometimes related Ð: Not related
*1: MA section (``Checking Drive Belts'', ``ENGINE MAINTENANCE'')
*2: LC section (``Water Pump Inspection'', ``ENGINE COOLING SYSTEM'')
NOISE, VIBRATION AND HARSHNESS (NVH) TROUBLESHOOTING
EM-8
