1998 JAGUAR X308 Joint

The
following explanations will help isolate the source of vibration.
Torque Sensitive
This

means that the condition can be impr
oved or made worse by accelerating, dece lerating, coasting, maintaining a steady
vehicle speed, or applying engine torque.
Ve
hicle Speed Sensitive
This means th
at the vibration al
ways occurs at the same vehicle speed and is not affected by engine torque, engine speed
or gear selection.
Engine Speed Sensit
ive
This means th
at the vibration
occurs at varying vehicle spee ds when a different gear is selected. It can sometimes be
isolated by increasing or decreasing engine speed with the tran smission in neutral or by stall testing with the transmission in
gear. If the condition is engine speed sensitive, the cause is probably not related to tires.
If the road test indicates that there is tire wine, but no shake or vibration, the noise originates with the contact between th e
tire and the road surface.
A thumping noise usually means that the tire is flat or has soft spots making a noise as they slap the roadway. Tire whine
can be distinguished from axle no ise, as tire whine remains the same over a range of speeds.
Sym
ptom Chart
Sy
mptom Chart
Sy

mptom
Possib
le Sources
Acti
on
Uneven ti

re wear.
Incorrect ti
re inflation.
*
Cor
rect to specification.
*
Exce
ssive radial an
d lateral runout.
*
Renew tire
or wheel.
*
O
ut of specification steering
geometry.
*
R
ealign steering geometry: Refer to Section 204-
00.
*
W
orn ball joint.
*
Renew
damaged component, realign steering
geometry.
*
W
orn tie-rod end.
*
R
enew component, realign steering geometry.
*
Incorrect
tire / wheel usage.
*
Inst
all correct tire and wheel combination.
*
Loose or leaki
ng shock absorbers.
*
Tigh
ten or Renew as nece
ssary: Refer to Section
204-00.
*
Suspensi
on geometry out of
alignment.
*
Che
ck and adjust: Refer to Section 204-00.
*
Loose, worn or da mage
d suspension
components.
*
In
spect, Repair or Renew as necessary.
*
Wh
eel and tire assembly out of
balance.
*
Balance wheel an
d tire assembly.
*
Excessive later
al or radial runout of
wheel or tire.
*
Check, Repair o
r
Renew as required.
*
Tire
s show excess wear on

edge of treads.
Ti
res under-inflated.
*
Cor
rect pressure to specification.
*
Vehi
cle overloaded.
*
Cor
rect to specification.
*
Tire
s show excess wear on

edge of treads (with tire
pressures correct).
Incorre
ct toe setting.
*
Se
t to specification: Refer to Section 204-00.
*
Tire
s show excess wear in
center of tread.
Tire
s over-inflated.
*
Cor
rect pressure to specification
*
W
heel mounting is
difficult.
Incorrect app
lication or mismatched
parts, including wheel studs and
wheel nuts. Corroded, worn or
damaged parts.
*
Fol
low the manufacturer's specifications. Clean or
Renew.
*
Wobble or sh
immy
affecting wheel runout.
Damaged wh
eel (eventually
damaging wheel bearings and causing
uneven tire wear).
*
Inspect wheel rims for
damage and runout. Renew
as required.
*
Vehicle vibrations from

Tire
s / wheels mismatched.
*
Inst
all correct tire / wheel combination.
*

Driveshaft - Driveshaft

Description an
d Operation
Driveshaft Joint and Couplings

Parts List


It
em
Par
t Number
De
scription
1—F

lexible (Jurid) coupling at the transmission flange
2—Center bear

ing
3—Front tu

be, including
deformable section
4—Fl
exible (Jurid) coupling at the final drive flange

Driveshaft - Driveshaft
Remo
val and Installation
Remov
a
l
CAUTI
O
N: To preserve 'drive line' refine
ment, individual parts, other than fixings, MUST NOT be renewed. In the event
of any balance or driveshaft component related problem, the complete assembly must be renewed. Under no circumstances
may the flexible (Jurid) coupling be remo ved from the driveshaft (or its fixings be loosened). Do not drop or subject the
driveshaft to damage.
1. Disc
onnect the battery ground
lead and raise the vehicle for
access
2. Remove the front exha ust muffler, 30.10.18

3. Re
move the driveshaft from
the transmission flange.
If required, 'match mark'

the transmissi on flang and
coupling
Unscrew the fi xings (3)

4. Relea s
e the parking brake relay
lever mounting bracket fixings
(4) and allow the assembly to hang down

5. Disc onne
ct the driveshaft fr
om the differential flange
5. CAUTION: Under no circumstances must the
flexible coupling (or its fixings) be loosened or removed
from the drive shaft
1. 'Match mark' the FLEX IBLE COUPLING to the
differential DRIVE FLANGE
2. Remove the fixings (3)
6. Re
move the driveshaft
6. CAUTION: Ensure that the driveshaft front and
rear sections do not become disengaged. Secure the front
and rear sections to preven t sliding joint disengagement
during transport

oc
curs only with the parking brake, th
e concern is in the rear brake system.
If the concern becomes evident during this check, verify it fits the description given before the road test. If the concern is
not evident, attempt to duplicate the condition using the information from the description.
If a concern exists, use the Symptom Chart in order to isolate it to a specific sub-system and condition description. From
this description, a list of possible sources can be used to further narrow the cause to a specific component or condition.
Sym
ptom Chart
Sy
m
ptom
Possib
l
e Sources
Acti
o
n
Brakes
n
oisy
Brake pads.
Brake di
scs
.
*
*
GO to Pinpoint
Tes
t A.
*
Vibration wh
en brakes
are applied
Wh eels require bala
ncing.
Wheel hub nuts.
Caliper mounting bolts.
Brake pads.
Foreign material/scr atches/corrosion
on brake disc contact surfaces. Excessive brake disc thickness
variation. Excessive brake disc runout.
Wheel bearing wear or failure.
Suspension bush wear or failure.
Steering bush wear or failure.
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
Go to Pinpoint
Tes
t B.
*
The brakes pull or drif tTire pressures/wear.
Calipers.
Brake pads.
Brake di
scs.
Wheel alignment adjustment.
Wheel bearing.
Suspension bushes and ball joints.
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
GO to Pinpoint
Tes
t C.
*
The pedal feels spongyAir i
n brake system.
Leak in hydraulic system.
Brake booster/master cylinder.
Brake pads.
*
*
*
*
GO to Pinpoint Tes
t D.
*
The pedal goes down
fa s
t
Ai
r i
n brake system.
Leak in hydraulic system.
Brake booster/master cylinder.
Brake pads.
*
*
*
*
GO to Pinpoint
Tes
t E.
*
The pedal goes down
slowl yAir i
n brake system.
Brake booster/master cylinder.
*
*
Go to Pinpoint
Tes
t F.
*
Excessive brake pedal
effor tBrake pads.
Brake booster.
*
*GO to Pinpoint
Tes
t G.
*
Brake lockup du ring ligh
t

brake pedal force
Brake pads.
Calipers.
*
*GO to Pinpoint
Tes
t H.
*
Brakes d r
ag
Parkin
g brake con
trol
applied/malfunction. Seized parking brake cables.
Seized caliper slide pins.
Seized caliper.
Brake booster.
Pedal gear.
*
*
*
*
*
*
GO to Pinpoint
Tes
t I.
*
Exce ssi
ve/Erratic brake
pedal travel
Hydrau li
c system.
Brake pads.
Brake discs.
Hub and bearing assembly.
*
*
*
*
GO to Pinpoint
Tes
t J.
*
The red brak e warning
indi
cator is always on
Fl
ui
d level.
*
F I
LL the system to specification. CHECK for leaks.
*
Brake flu i
d level sensor.
*
I N
STALL a new brake master cylinder fluid
reservoir. For additional in formation, refer toSection
206
-0 6
Hydraulic Brake Actuation
.
*
Parkin
g brake con
trol.
*
REL
E
ASE and ADJUST the parking brake. For
additional information, refer toSection 206
-05
Parkin g Brake an
d Actuation
.
*
E
l
ectrical circuit.
*
F or additional
information, refer to PDU for
analysis/rectification of the concern.
*
Sl
ow or i
ncomplete brake

Brake peda
l binding.
*
GO to Pinpoint Tes
t K.
*

pedal retu rnBr
ake booster/master cylinder.
*

P
INPOINT TEST A : BRAKES NOISY
TE
ST
CONDITIONS
D
ETAILS/RESULTS/ACTIONS
A1

: INSPECT BRAKE PADS
Inspect the condi

tion of the front and rear brake
pads. Check for damage to any anti-squeal shims.
1
Are th
e brake pads OK?
Yes GO to A2
.
No

CLEAN the front brake pads or INSTALL new front brak e pads if necessary. For additional information,
refer toSection 206
-03
Front Disc Brake
. CLEA
N the rear brake pads or INSTALL new rear brake pads
if necessary. For additional information, refer toSection 206
-0
4 Rear Disc Brake
.
Test vehicle for
presence of brake squeal.
A2
: INSPECT BRAKE DISCS
Inspe

ct the brake discs for excessive corrosi
on, wear or disc thickness variation.
1
D
oes excessive corrosion, wear or
disc thickness variation exist?
REFER to Specification
- in t
his section.
Yes INSTALL new front brake discs and brake pads. For additional information, refer toSection 206
-03

Fr

ont Disc Brake
. INSTALL n
ew rear brake discs and brake
pads. For additional information, refer
toSection 206
-0
4 Rear Disc Brake
. TEST
the system for normal operation.
No Vehicle is OK.
P
INPOINT TEST B : VIBRATIO
N WHEN BRAKES ARE APPLIED
TE
ST
CONDITIONS
D
ETAILS/RESULTS/ACTIONS
B1

: ROAD TEST VEHICLE
R

oad test the vehicle between 40-80 km/h (25-50 mph) without applying brakes.
1
Is th

e vibration present?
Yes TEST for noise vibration and harshness. REPEAT road test if necessary.
No GO to B2
. .

B2

: CHECK FOR BRAKE VIBRATION
R

oad test the vehicle between 40-80 km/h (25-50
mph) with light and medium application on the
brake pedal.
1
Is a vibration
present?
Yes If the vibration is from the front of the vehicle GO to B3
. If
the vibration is
from the rear of the
vehicle or can not be di agnosed between front or rear of the vehicle GO to B6
.
No

Vehicle is OK.
B3: CHECK
THE SUSPENSION
AND STEERING COMPONENTS
Chec
k the condition of the front susp
ension bushes and ball joints
REFER to Section 204
-01
Front Suspension
.
Chec
k the condition of the steering linkage components
REFER to Section 211
-0
2 Power Steering
/

211
-0
3 Steering Linkage
.
1
D

o any of the front suspension components or steering comp
onents require replacement?
Yes INSTALL new components as necessary
REFER to Section 204
-01
Front Suspension
/

211
-0
2 Power Steering
/

211
-0
3 Steering Linkage
.
R
oad test the vehicle between 40-80 km/h (25-50
mph) with light and medium application on the
brake pedal. If vibr ation still exists GO to B4
.
No

GO to B4
.
B4: CHECK
THE FRONT BRAKE PA
DS AND FRONT BRAKE DISCS
Chec
k the condition of the front br
ake pads and front brake discs.
1
D
oes excessive brake disc runout or br
ake disc thickness variation exist?

Do t
he disc brake caliper pistons
and pins bind, leak or stick?
Yes INSTALL new calipers as necessary. TE ST the system for normal operation.
No GO to C4
.
C4: INSPECT BR
AKE DISCS
Check the brake discs fo

r excess
ive damage, thickness variatio n or runout. For additional
information, refer to General Procedures in this section.
1
D
oes excessive damage or runout exist?
Yes INSTALL new brake discs and brak e pads as necessary. TEST the system for normal operation.
No GO to C5
.
C5: INSPECT THE FRONT HU
B AND WHEEL BEARING ASSEMBLY
Check the fr

ont hub and wheel bearing assembly.
For additional information, refer toSection 204
-00

Su

spension System
- General
Information
. 1
Are th

e wheel bearings OK?
Yes GO to C6
.
No

INSTALL new wheel bearings. For additional inform ation, refer toSection 204
-01
Front Suspension
.
TEST the system
for normal operation.
C

6: CHECK SUSPENSION BUSHES AND BALL JOINTS.
Chec

k all suspension bu
shes and ball joints.
1
Are th
e suspension bushes and ball joints OK?
Yes Vehicle is OK.
No INSTALL new front suspension bushes and ball joints as required. For additional information, refer
toSection 204
-01
Front Suspension
. INSTALL n
ew rear suspension bush
es and ball joints as required.
For additional informat ion, refer toSection 204
-0
2 Rear Suspension
.
P

INPOINT TEST D : THE PEDAL FEELS SPONGY
TE
ST
CONDITIONS
D
ETAILS/RESULTS/ACTIONS
D

1: CHECK FOR SPONGY PEDAL (ENGINE OFF)
Check f

or a firm brake pedal.
1
Is th

e brake pedal effort an
d brake pedal travel normal?
Yes Vehicle is OK.
No GO to D2
.
D2:
CHECK BRAKE PEDAL RESERVE (ENGINE OFF)
Pump th

e brake pedal 10 times and
hold on the final application.
1
Does th
e brake pedal feel fi
rm on final application?
Yes GO to D3
.
No

BLEED the brake system. For additional information, re fer to General Procedures in this section. TEST
the system for normal operation.
D3:
CHECK BRAKE PEDAL RESERVE (ENGINE ON)
Engine is

idle.
1
Apply the brake pedal ligh

tl
y three or four times.
2
W
ait 15 seconds for the vacuum to recover.
3
Push down on

the brake pedal until it stops moving
downward or an increased resistance to the brake
pedal travel occurs.
4
Hol
d the brake pedal in the applied position while increasing the engine speed to 2000 revs/min.
5
Re

lease the accelerator pedal.
6
Does th

e brake pedal move downward as
the engine speed returns to idle?
Yes GO to D4
.
No

CHECK the vacuum to brake booster. For additional information, refer toSection 206
-0
7 Power Brake
Actuation.

Steering System - General Inform
ation - Steering System
D
iagnosis and Testing
I

nspection and Verification
1.
1. Verify t
he customer concern by driving the vehicle.
2. 2. Visually inspect for obvious signs of mechanical or electrical damage.
Mec
hanical Inspection Chart
Electrical Inspection Chart
Mechanical Checks
Incorrect
tire pressure, loose whee
l nuts, incorrect wheel alignment
Loose ti
e-rods
Loose dam

per and spring assemblies or ball joint
Loose s

teering column shaft universal joints
Loose pinc

h bolts on steering column shaft
Loose steeri

ng gear assembly
Check f

or external damage to the steering gear.
- Damaged tie-rods
-
CAUTION: If a steering gear assemb ly is returned under warranty with leaking seals, but there is also
damage to the steering gear boot/boots the steering gear warranty will be invalid. This is due to the steering
gear seals being damaged due to fore ign materials entering the steering gear boot and damaging the steering
gear seals thereafter.
Damaged steering gear boot
Damaged accessory driv
e belt
Bin

ding or misaligned steering co
lumn, pump or steering gear
Incorrect fluid
level
Hose leaks o

r line restrictions
Hose fou

ling bodywork
El

ectrical Checks/Tests
Make sure all

connectors are in plac
e (steering gear Servotronic solenoid and steering control module (SCM) - if
applicable)
Make su
re all the fuses are in place and not blown
D

ISCONNECT the steering gear transducer
and the steering should become heavy
TEST e
lectrical values:
- Power Supply to the SCM = 12 Volts
- Steering gear transducer resist ance 7.0 to 7.5 Ohms is normal
(
limits: less than 5 Ohms and greater than 9 Ohms would

be declared unacceptable)

- Steeri
ng gear transducer voltage = 6 Volts
- Steering gear transducer cu rrent = 840 mA at 0 mph reducing to 0 mA at maximum speed

•
NOTE: The following steps must be carried out with assistance.
1. 1. With the wheels in the straight ahead po sition, gently turn the steering wheel to the left and the right to check for
free play.
2. 2. Free play should be between 0 and 6 mm (0 and 0.24 in) at the steering wheel rim. If the free play exceeds this
limit, either the ball joints are worn, the lower steering column joints are worn or the backlash of the steering gear
is excessive.
CAUTION: DO NOT attempt to adjust the stee ring gear yoke. Failure to follow this instruction will result in the steering
gear warranty to become invalid.
3. 3. The backlash of the steering gear cannot be adjusted, in stall a new steering gear. For additional information,
REFER to Section 211
-0
2 Power Steering
.
4. 4. Grasp the steering wheel
firm
ly and move it up and down and to the left and right without turning the wheel to
check for column bearing wear, steering wheel or steering column. For additional information,
REFER to Section 211
-0
4 Steering Column
.
Power Steering Fluid Condition Check
1.
1. R
un the engine for 2 minutes.
2. 2. Check the power steering fluid system level.
3. 3. Observe the color and the odor. The color under normal circumstances should be dark reddish, not brown or
black.
4. 4. Allow the fluid to drip onto a faci al tissue and examine the stain.
5. 5. If evidence of solid material is foun d, the power steering fluid system should be drained for further inspection.
6. 6. If fluid contamination or steering co mponent failure is confirmed by the se diment in the power steering fluid
system, REFER to Steering Fault Diagnosis by Symptom Charts in this section.
Power Steer
ing Pressure Test
Test Equ
ipment

It
em
S
pecial Tool Number
De
scription
12

11-011
Pres
sure Gauge Hose
221

1-011-08
Pump Return Hose
321

1-011-07
Pump Return Hose Connector
42

11-011-03/2
Test Equ
ipment to High
Pressure Hose Adaptor