1997 JAGUAR XJ6 Chapter 12

3261 Jaguar XJ6
Fault findingREF•15
4 Automatic transmission
Note:Due to the complexity of the automatic transmission, it is difficult
for the home mechanic to properly diagnose and service this
component. For problems other than the following, the vehicle should
be taken to a dealer or transmission workshop.
Fluid leakage
m mAutomatic transmission fluid is a deep red colour. Fluid leaks
should not be confused with engine oil, which can easily be blown
by air flow to the transmission.
m mTo pinpoint a leak, first remove all built-up dirt and grime from the
transmission housing with degreasing agents and/or steam
cleaning. Then drive the vehicle at low speeds so air flow will not
blow the leak far from its source. Raise the vehicle and determine
where the leak is coming from. Common areas of leakage are:
a) Sump pan (Chapters 1 and 7)
b) Dipstick/filler tube (see below)
c) Transmission fluid cooler lines (Chapter 7)
d) Speedometer sensor (Chapter 7)
m mMake sure the dipstick is a tight fit inside the filler tube. If the seal
at the top of the dipstick is worn or damaged, replace the seal or
the dipstick. If fluid continues to leak from the top of the dipstick
tube, inspect the breather, which is a plastic cap secured by a clip
to the top of the extension housing. This breather can be plugged
by the noise-deadening foam installed in the transmission tunnel,
causing transmission fluid to leak from the top of the dipstick
tube.
Transmission fluid brown or has a burned smell
m mTransmission fluid burned (Chapter 1).
Shift cable problems
m
mChapter 7 deals with adjusting the shift cable. Common problems
which may be attributed to a poorly adjusted shift cable are:
a) Engine starting in gears other than Park or Neutral.
b) Indicator on shift lever pointing to a gear other than the one
actually being used.
c) Vehicle moves when in Park.
m mRefer to Chapter 7 for the shift cable adjustment procedure.
Transmission will not downshift
with accelerator pedal pressed to the floor
m mKickdown cable out of adjustment (Chapter 7).
Engine will start in gears
other than Park or Neutral
m mNeutral start/reversing light switch malfunctioning (Chapter 7).
m mShift cable out of adjustment (Chapter 7).
Transmission slips, shifts roughly, is noisy,
or has no drive in forward or reverse gears
m mThere are many probable causes for the above problems, but the
home mechanic should be concerned with only one possibility -
fluid level. Before taking the vehicle to a dealer service department
or transmission repair workshop, check the level and condition of
the fluid as described in Chapter 1. Correct the fluid level as
necessary or change the fluid if needed. If the problem persists,
have a professional diagnose the probable cause.
5 Brakes
Note:Before assuming that a brake problem exists, make sure that:
a) The tyres are in good condition and properly inflated (Chapter 1).
b) The front end alignment is correct (Chapter 10).
c) The vehicle is not loaded with weight in an unequal manner.
Vehicle pulls to one side during braking
m mIncorrect tyre pressures (Chapter 1).
m mFront end out of line (have the front end aligned).
m mUnmatched tyres on same axle.
m mRestricted brake lines or hoses (Chapter 9).
m mMalfunctioning caliper assembly (Chapter 9).
m mLoose suspension parts (Chapter 10).
m mLoose calipers (Chapter 9).
m mBrake pads contaminated with oil or grease (Chapter 9).
Noise (high-pitched squeal
when the brakes are applied)
m mFront and/or rear disc brake pads worn out. The noise comes from
the wear sensor rubbing against the disc. Replace pads with new
ones immediately (Chapter 9).
Brake roughness or chatter (pedal pulsates)
m mExcessive lateral disc runout (Chapter 9).
m mParallelism not within specifications (Chapter 9).
m mUneven pad wear caused by caliper not sliding due to improper
clearance or dirt (Chapter 9).
m mDefective disc (Chapter 9).
Excessive pedal effort required to stop vehicle
m
mMalfunctioning power brake servo (Chapter 9).
m mPartial system failure (Chapter 9).
m mExcessively worn pads (Chapter 9).
m mPiston in caliper stuck or sluggish (Chapter 9).
m mBrake pads contaminated with oil or grease (Chapter 9).
m mNew pads installed and not yet seated. It will take a while for the
new material to seat against the disc.
m mAccumulator in power hydraulic system defective (see a Jaguar
dealer).
Excessive brake pedal travel
m mPartial brake system failure (Chapter 9).
m mInsufficient fluid in master cylinder (Chapters 1 and 9).
m mAir trapped in system (Chapters 1 and 9).
Dragging brakes
m
mMaster cylinder pistons not returning correctly (Chapter 9).
m mRestricted brakes lines or hoses (Chapters 1 and 9).
m mIncorrect handbrake adjustment (Chapter 9).
Grabbing or uneven braking action
m
mMalfunction of power brake servo unit (Chapter 9).
m mBinding brake pedal mechanism (Chapter 9).
m mBrake pads contaminated with oil or grease (Chapter 9).

3261 Jaguar XJ6
REF•16Fault finding
6 Suspension and steering systems
5 Braking system (continued)
Brake pedal feels spongy when depressed
m mAir in hydraulic lines (Chapter 9).
m mMaster cylinder mounting bolts loose (Chapter 9).
m mMaster cylinder defective (Chapter 9).
Brake pedal travels to the floor - no resistance
m
mLittle or no fluid in the master cylinder reservoir caused by leaking
caliper piston(s), damaged or disconnected brake lines (Chapter 9).
Handbrake does not hold
m mHandbrake cable or handbrake shoes improperly adjusted
(Chapter 9).
m mHandbrake shoes need replacement (Chapter 9).
Note:Before attempting to diagnose the suspension and steering
systems, perform the following preliminary checks:
a) Tyres for wrong pressure and uneven wear.
b) Steering universal joints from the column to the steering gear for
loose connectors or wear.
c) Front and rear suspension and the rack and pinion assembly for
loose or damaged parts.
d) Out-of-round or out-of-balance tyres, bent rims and loose and/or
rough wheel bearings.
Vehicle pulls to one side
m mMismatched or uneven tyres (Chapter 10).
m mBroken or sagging springs (Chapter 10).
m mWheel alignment out of specifications (Chapter 10).
m mFront brakes dragging (Chapter 9).
Abnormal or excessive tyre wear
m
mWheel alignment out of specifications (Chapter 10).
m mSagging or broken springs (Chapter 10).
m mTyre out-of-balance (Chapter 10).
m mWorn shock absorber (Chapter 10).
m mOverloaded vehicle.
m mTyres not rotated regularly.
Wheel makes a “thumping” noise
m
mBlister or bump on tyre (Chapter 10).
m mImproper shock absorber action (Chapter 10).
Shimmy, shake or vibration
m
mTyre or wheel out-of-balance or out-of-round (Chapter 10).
m mLoose, worn or out-of-adjustment wheel bearings (Chapter 1).
m mWorn tie-rod ends (Chapter 10).
m mWorn balljoints (Chapter 10).
m mExcessive wheel runout (Chapter 10).
m mBlister or bump on tyre (Chapter 10).
Hard steering
m
mLack of lubrication at balljoints, tie-rod ends and rack-and-pinion
assembly (Chapter 1).
m mFront wheel alignment (Chapter 10).
m mLow tyre pressure(s) (Chapter 1).
Poor returnability of steering to centre
m
mLack of lubrication at balljoints and tie-rod ends (Chapter 1).
m mBinding in balljoints (Chapter 10).
m mBinding in steering column (Chapter 10).
m mLack of lubricant in rack-and-pinion assembly (Chapter 10).
m mFront wheel alignment (Chapter 10).
Abnormal noise at the front end
m
mLack of lubrication at balljoints and tie-rod ends (Chapter 1).
m mDamaged shock absorber mounting (Chapter 10).m mWorn control arm bushings or tie-rod ends (Chapter 10).
m mLoose stabiliser bar (Chapter 10).
m mLoose wheel nuts (Chapter).
m mLoose suspension bolts (Chapter 10).
Wander or poor steering stability
m
mMismatched or uneven tyres (Chapter 10).
m mLack of lubrication at balljoints and tie-rod ends (Chapter 1).
m mWorn shock absorbers (Chapter 10).
m mLoose stabiliser bar (Chapter 10).
m mBroken or sagging springs (Chapter 10).
m mFront or rear wheel alignment (Chapter 10).
Erratic steering when braking
m
mWheel bearings worn (Chapter 1).
m mBroken or sagging springs (Chapter 10).
m mLeaking wheel cylinder or caliper (Chapter 9).
m mWarped discs (Chapter 9).
Excessive pitching and/or rolling around corners
or during braking
m mLoose stabiliser bar (Chapter 10).
m mWorn shock absorbers or mounts (Chapter 10).
m mBroken or sagging springs (Chapter 10).
m mOverloaded vehicle.
Suspension bottoms
m
mOverloaded vehicle.
m mWorn shock absorbers (Chapter 10).
m mIncorrect, broken or sagging springs (Chapter 10).
m mDefective power hydraulic system or leaking rear shock absorbers
(Chapter 10).
Cupped tyres (wear on both edges)
m mFront wheel or rear wheel alignment (Chapter 10).
m mWorn shock absorbers (Chapter 10).
m mWheel bearings worn (Chapter 10).
m mExcessive tyre or wheel runout (Chapter 10).
m mWorn balljoints (Chapter 10).
Excessive tyre wear on outside edge
m
mInflation pressures incorrect (Chapter 1).
m mExcessive speed in turns.
m mFront end alignment incorrect (excessive toe-in). Have
professionally aligned.
m mSuspension arm bent or twisted (Chapter 10).
Excessive tyre wear on inside edge
m
mInflation pressures incorrect (Chapter 1).
m mFront end alignment incorrect (toe-out). Have professionally
aligned.
m mLoose or damaged steering components (Chapter 10).

3261 Jaguar XJ6
Fault findingREF•17
6 Suspension and steering systems (continued)
Tyre tread worn in one place
m mTyres out-of-balance.
m mDamaged or buckled wheel. Inspect and replace if necessary.
m mDefective tyre (Chapter 1).
Excessive play or looseness in steering system
m
mWheel bearing(s) worn (Chapter 10.m mTie-rod end loose or worn (Chapter 10).
m mSteering gear loose or worn (Chapter 10).
Rattling or clicking noise in rack-and-pinion
m
mInsufficient or improper power steering fluid in steering system
(Chapter 10).
m mSteering gear mounts loose (Chapter 10).
7 Electrical system
Battery will not hold a charge
m
mAlternator drivebelt defective or not adjusted properly (Chapter 1).
m mElectrolyte level low (Chapter 1).
m mBattery terminals loose or corroded (Chapter 1).
m mAlternator not charging properly (Chapter 5).
m mLoose, broken or faulty wiring in the charging circuit (Chapter 5).
m mShort in vehicle wiring (Chapters 5 and 12).
m mInternally defective battery (Chapters 1 and 5).
m mDamaged left rear window harness shorting against glass rail
inside door, causing battery to drain (Chapter 12).
Charge warning light fails to go out
m mFaulty alternator or charging circuit (Chapter 5).
m mAlternator drivebelt defective or out of adjustment (Chapter 1).
m mAlternator voltage regulator inoperative (Chapter 5).
Charge warning light fails to come on
when key is turned on
m mWarning light bulb defective (Chapter 12).
m mFault in the printed circuit, dash wiring or bulb holder (Chapter 12).

3261 Jaguar XJ6
REF•22Index
AABS fault finding -9•2
Accelerator cable -4•8
Acknowledgements -0•4
Aerial - 12•8
Air cleaner -1•14, 4•7
Air conditioning -3•2, 3•7, 3•10, 3•11, 3•13, 3•14
Air induction system -4•9
Air Injector Reactor (AIR) system -6•8
Air intake plenum -4•13
Airbag - 0•5, 12•14
Alternator -5•6
Amplifier -5•3
Anti-lock Brake system (ABS) -9•2
Anti-roll bar - 10•3
Anti-theft system - REF•1
Antifreeze -0•11, 0•16, 1•2, 1•20, 3•2
Asbestos -0•5
ATF -0•16
Automatic transmission-7•1et seq
fault finding - 7•1, REF•15
fluid - 0•16, 1•2, 1•11, 1•19
filter - 1•19
Auxiliary shaft -2A•8
BBalljoints - 10•4
Battery -0•5, 0•15, 1•9, 5•1, 5•1
Big-end bearings -2B•13, 2B•17
Bleeding
brake system - 9•10
power steering - 10•11
Block -2B•10, 2B•11
Blower motors -3•7
Body corrosion - REF•11
Body electrical system- 12•1et seq
Bodywork and fittings- 11•1et seq
Bonnet - 11•3, 11•4
Boot - 11•7
lid - 11•3, 11•6, 11•7,
Boots (steering) - 10•9
Brake fluid -0•12, 0•16, 1•20
Brake lights - 12•12
switch - 9•13
Brake servo -1•12
Braking system-1•12, 9•1et seq
fault finding - REF•15, REF•16
MOT checks - REF•8 to REF•10
Bulbs -0•15, 12•11
Bumpers - 11•5
Burning -0•5
CCables -4•8, 5•2, 7•2, 7•4, 9•10, 9•11, 11•4, 11•10
Calipers -9•3
Camshafts -2A•9
Capacities -1•2
Carpets - 11•1
Cassette - REF•1
Catalytic converter -6•12
Central locking - 12•13
Centre console - 11•11
Charcoal canister -6•11
Charging -1•10
Charging system -5•5
Circuit breakers - 12•3
CO emissions (mixture) - REF•11
Coil (HT) -5•3
Coil spring - 10•5, 10•6
Compression check -2B•3
Compressor -3•13
Condenser -3•13
Connecting rods -2B•9, 2B•12, 2B•17, 2B•18
Console - 11•11, 11•12
Continuity check - 12•2
Control arms - 10•5, 10•6, 10•8
Conversion factors - REF•2
Coolant -0•11, 0•16, 1•2, 1•20, 3•2
Coolant reservoir -3•4, 3•5
Coolant temperature sensor -6•3
Cooling fans -3•3
Cooling system fault finding - REF•14
Cooling,heating and air conditioning systems-3•1et seq
Courtesy lights - 12•12
Cowl cover - 11•14
Crankcase ventilation system -1•16, 6•11
Crankshaft -2A•5, 2A•17, 2B•10, 2B•13, 2B•16
position sensor - 6•7
Cruise control - 12•13
Crushing -0•5
Cylinder head -2A•13, 2B•6, 2B•7, 2B•8
Cylinder honing -2B•12
DDashboard - 11•13
Dents - 11•2
Differential -8•1, 8•5
oil - 1•2, 1•11, 1•20
Dimensions - REF•1
Direction indicators - 12•4, 12•11, 12•12
Discs -9•4
Distributor -5•4
Doors - 11•7, 11•8, 11•9, 11•10, 11•10, REF•9
Drivebelt -1•16
Driveplate -2A•16
Driveshafts -8•1, 8•4, 8•5, REF•10
Drivetrain-1•14, 8•1et seq
Note:References throughout this index are in the form - “Chapter number” • “page number”