1996 TOYOTA LAND CRUISER fuel injection

IN−34
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INTRODUCTION TERMS
34
Author: Date:
1996 LAND CRUISER (RM451U)
CW
Curb W
eight
DCDirect Current
DEFDefogger
DFLDeflector
DIFF.Differential
DIFF. LOCKDifferential Lock
D/INJDirect Injection
DLIDistributorless Ignition
DOHCDouble Over Head Cam
DPDash Pot
DSDead Soak
DSPDigital Signal Processor
EBDElectronic Brake Force Distribution
ECAMEngine Control And Measurement System
ECDElectronic Controlled Diesel
ECDYEddy Current Dynamometer
ECUElectronic Control Unit
EDElectro−Deposited Coating
EDICElectric Diesel Injection Control
EDUElectronic Driving Unit
EFIElectronic Fuel Injection
E/GEngine
EGR−VMExhaust Gas Recirculation −Vacuum Modulator
ELREmergency Locking Retractor
ENGEngine
ESAElectronic Spark Advance
ETCSElectronic Throttle Control System
EVPEvaporator
E−VRVElectric V acuum Regulating V alve
EXHExhaust
FEFuel Economy
FFFront−Engine Front− Wheel−Drive
F/GFuel Gage
FIPGFormed In Place Gasket
FLFusible Link
F/PFuel Pump
FPUFuel Pressure Up
FrFront
FRFront−Engine Rear− Wheel−Drive
F/WFlywheel
FW/DFlywheel Damper
FWDFront−Wheel−Drive
GASGasoline
GSAGear Shift Actuator
GNDGround
HACHigh Altitude Compensator
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IN−36
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INTRODUCTION TERMS
36
Author: Date:
1996 LAND CRUISER (RM451U)
NA
Natural Aspiration
No.Number
O/DOverdrive
OEMOriginal Equipment Manufacturing
OHCOverhead Camshaft
OHVOverhead V
alve
OPTOption
O/SOversize
P & BVProportioning And Bypass Valve
PCSPower Control System
PCVPositive Crankcase Ventilation
PKBParking Brake
PPSProgressive Power Steering
PSPower Steering
PTOPower Take−Off
R & PRack And Pinion
R/BRelay Block
RBSRecirculating Ball Type Steering
R/FReinforcement
RFSRigid Front Suspension
RHRight−Hand
RHDRight−Hand Drive
RLYRelay
ROMRead Only Memory
RrRear
RRRear−Engine Rear −Wheel Drive
RRSRigid Rear Suspension
RWDRear− Wheel Drive
SDNSedan
SENSensor
SICSStarting Injection Control System
SMTSequential Manual T ransmission
SOCState Of Charge
SOHCSingle Overhead Camshaft
SPECSpecification
SPISingle Point Injection
SRSSupplemental Restraint System
SSMSpecial Service Materials
SSTSpecial Service Tools
STDStandard
STJCold−Start Fuel Injection
SWSwitch
SYSSystem
T/ATransaxle
TACHTachometer
TBIThrottle Body Electronic Fuel Injection
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IN0CI−02
IN−38
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INTRODUCTION TERMS
1996 LAND CRUISER (RM451U)
GLOSSARY OF SAE AND TOYOTA TERMS
This glossary lists all SAE− J1930 terms and abbreviations used in this manual in compliance with SAE\
rec-
ommendations, as well as their TOYOTA equivalents.
SAE
ABBREVIATIONSSAE TERMSTOYOT A TERMS
( ) −−ABBREVIA TIONS
A/CAir ConditioningAir Conditioner
ACLAir CleanerAir Cleaner, A/CL
AIRSecondary Air InjectionAir Injection (AI)
APAccelerator Pedal−
B+Battery Positive Voltage+B, Battery Voltage
BAROBarometric PressureHAC
CACCharge Air CoolerIntercooler
CARBCarburetorCarburetor
CFIContinuous Fuel Injection−
CKPCrankshaft PositionCrank Angle
CLClosed LoopClosed Loop
CMPCamshaft PositionCam Angle
CPPClutch Pedal Position−
CTOXContinuous T rap Oxidizer−
CTPClosed Throttle PositionLL ON, Idle ON
DFIDirect Fuel Injection (Diesel)Direct Injection (DI)
DIDistributor Ignition−
DLC1
DLC2
DLC3Data Link Connector 1
Data Link Connector 2
Data Link Connector 31: Check Connector
2: Total Diagnosis Comunication Link (TDCL)
3: OBD II Diagnostic Connector
DTCDiagnostic Trouble CodeDiagnostic Code
DTMDiagnostic Test Mode−
ECLEngine Control Level−
ECMEngine Control ModuleEngine ECU (Electronic Control Unit)
ECTEngine Coolant T emperatureCoolant Temperature, Water Temperature (THW)
EEPROMElectrically Erasable Programmable Read Only Memory
Electrically Erasable Programmable Read Only Memory
(EEPROM),
Erasable Programmable Read Only Memory (EPROM)
EFEEarly Fuel EvaporationCold Mixture Heater (CMH), Heat Control Valve (HCV)
EGRExhaust Gas RecirculationExhaust Gas Recirculation (EGR)
EIElectronic IgnitionTOYOTA Distributorless Ignition (TDI)
EMEngine ModificationEngine Modification (EM)
EPROMErasable Programmable Read Only MemoryProgrammable Read Only Memory (PROM)
EVAPEvaporative EmissionEvaporative Emission Control (EVAP)
FCFan Control−
FEEPROMFlash Electrically Erasable Programmable
Read Only Memory−
FEPROMFlash Erasable Programmable Read Only Memory−
FFFlexible Fuel−
FPFuel PumpFuel Pump
GENGeneratorAlternator
GNDGroundGround (GND)
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INTRODUCTION TERMS
IN−39
1996 LAND CRUISER (RM451U)
HO2S
Heated Oxygen SensorHeated Oxygen Sensor (HO2S)
IACIdle Air ControlIdle Speed Control (ISC)
IATIntake Air TemperatureIntake or Inlet Air T
emperature
ICMIgnition Control Module−
IFIIndirect Fuel InjectionIndirect Injection (IDL)
IFSInertia Fuel−Shutoff−
ISCIdle Speed Control−
KSKnock SensorKnock Sensor
MAFMass Air FlowAir Flow Meter
MAPManifold Absolute PressureManifold Pressure
Intake V acuum
MCMixture Control
Electric Bleed Air Control Valve (EBCV)
Mixture Control Valve (MCV)
Electric Air Control Valve (EACV)
MDPManifold Dif ferential Pressure−
MFIMultiport Fuel InjectionElectronic Fuel Injection (EFI)
MILMalfunction Indicator LampCheck Engine Lamp
MSTManifold Surface T emperature−
MVZManifold Vacuum Zone−
NVRAMNon−Volatile Random Access Memory−
O2SOxygen SensorOxygen Sensor, O2 Sensor (O2S)
OBDOn−Board DiagnosticOn− Board Diagnostic System (OBD)
OCOxidation Catalytic ConverterOxidation Catalyst Convert (OC), CCo
OPOpen LoopOpen Loop
PAIRPulsed Secondary Air InjectionAir Suction (AS)
PCMPowertrain Control Module−
PNPPark/Neutral Position−
PROMProgrammable Read Only Memory−
PSPPower Steering Pressure−
PTOXPeriodic Trap OxidizerDiesel Particulate Filter (DPF)
Diesel Particulate Trap (DPT)
RAMRandom Access MemoryRandom Access Memory (RAM)
RMRelay Module−
ROMRead Only MemoryRead Only Memory (ROM)
RPMEngine SpeedEngine Speed
SCSuperchargerSupercharger
SCBSupercharger BypassE−ABV
SFISequential Multiport Fuel InjectionElectronic Fuel Injection (EFI), Sequential Injection
SPLSmoke Puff Limiter−
SRIService Reminder Indicator−
SRTSystem Readiness Test−
STScan Tool−
TBThrottle BodyThrottle Body
TBIThrottle Body Fuel InjectionSingle Point Injection
Central Fuel Injection (Ci)
TCTurbochargerTurbocharger
TCCTorque Converter ClutchTorque Converter
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−
DIAGNOSTICS ENGINE
DI−7
1996 LAND CRUISER (RM451U)
(10) After checking the DTC, inspect the applicable cir-
cuit.
(b) Clear the DTC.
The following actions will erase the DTCs and freezed
frame data.
(1) Operating the OBD II scan tool (complying with SAE
J1978) or TOYOTA hand−held tester to erase the
codes. (See the OBD II scan tool’ s instruction book
for operating instructions.)
(2) Disconnecting the battery terminals or EFI fuse.
NOTICE:
If the TOYOTA hand −held tester switches the ECM from
normal mode to check mode or vice −versa, or if the igni-
tion switch is turned from ON to ACC or LOCK during check
mode, the DTCs and freezed frame data will be erased.
4. FAIL−SAFE CHART
If any of the following codes is recorded, the ECM enters fail −safe mode.
DTC No.Fail−Safe OperationFail− Safe Deactivation Conditions
P0100Ignition timing fixed at 5 ° BTDC
 Injection method fixed at simultaneous injectionReturned to normal condition
P0110Intake air temp. is fixed at 20° C (68°F)Returned to normal condition
P0115Engine coolant temp. is fixed at 80 °(176°F)Returned to normal condition
P0120VTA is fixed at 0°
The following condition must be repeated at least 2 times
consecutively
When closed throttle position switch is ON:
0.1 V  VTA  0.95 V
P0135
P0141The heater circuit in witch an abnormality is detected is
turned offIgnition switch OFF
P0325
P0330Max. timing retardationIgnition switch OFF
P1300Fuel cutIGF signal is detected for 6 consective ignitions
P1605Max. timing retardationReturned to normal condition
5. CHECK FOR INTERMITTENT PROBLEMS
TOYOTA hand−held tester only:
By putting the vehicle’s ECM in check mode, 1 trip detection logic is possible instead of 2 trip detection logic
and sensitivity to detect open circuits is increased. This makes it easier \
to detect intermittent problems.
(1) Clear the DTC (See step 2).
(2) Set the check mode (See step 3).
(3) Perform a simulation test (See page IN−18).
(4) Check the connector and terminal (See page IN−28).
(5) Handle the connector (See page IN−28).
(6) Visual check and contact pressure (See page IN−28).
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DI−12
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DIAGNOSTICS ENGINE
1996 LAND CRUISER (RM451U)
(b) TOYOTA Enhanced Signals.
TOYOTA hand−held tester displayMeasurement ItemNormal Condition*
MISFIRE RPMEngine RPM for first misfire rangeMisfire 0: 0 rpm
MISFIRE LOADEngine load for first misfire rangeMisfire 0: 0 g/r
INJECTORFuel injection time for cylinder No.1Idling: 2.0 − 3.5 ms
IAC STEP POSIntake Air Control Valve step position
Opening position step motor type IAC valveIdling: 10 − 50 step
STARTER SIGStarter SignalCranking: ON
CTP SWClosed Throttle Position Switch SignalThrottle Fully Closed: ON
A/C SIGA/C Switch SignalA/C ON: ON
PNP SWPark/Neutral Position Switch SignalP or N Position: ON
STOP LIGHT SWStop Light Switch SignalStop light switch ON: ON
FC IDLFuel Cut Idle: Fuel cut when throttle valve fully
closed, during decelerationFuel cut operating: ON
FC TAUFuel Cut TAU: Fuel cut during very light loadFuel cut operating: ON
CYL#1 − CYL#6Ratio of revolution variation for each cylinder
when variation is large0%
IGNITIONIgnition rate for all cylinders every 1,000 revolu-
tions0 − 3,000 rpm
EGRT GASEGR Gas Temp. Sensor V alueEGR not operating: Temp. between intake air
temp. and engine coolant temp.
EGR SYSTEMEGR System Operating ConditionIdling: OFF
FUEL PRES UP VSVFuel Pressure Up VSV SignalHigh temp. restarting: ON
FUEL PUMPFuel Pump SignalIdling: ON
TOTAL FT B1Total Fuel Trim Bank 1: Average value for fuel
trim system of bank 1Idling: 0.8 − 1.2 V
O2 LR B1, S1
Oxygen Sensor Lean Rich Bank 1, Sensor 1
Response time for oxygen sensor output to
switch from lean to rich
Idling after warmed up: 0 − 1,000 msec.
O2 RL B1, S1
Oxygen Sensor Rich Lean Bank 1, Sensor 1
Response time for oxygen sensor output to
switch from rich to lean
Idling after warmed up: 0 − 1,000 msec.
∗: If no conditions are specifically stated for ”ldling”, it means t\
he shift lever is at N or P position, the A/C switch
is OFF and all accessory switches are OFF.
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P21242 FI7210A00027
Atmosphere
Flange
Platinum Electrode
Solid Electrolyte
(Zirconia Element)
Platinum Electrode
Heater
Coating (Ceramic)
Exhaust GasCover Ideal Air−
Fuel Mixture
Output Voltage
Richer − Air Fuel Ratio − Leaner
DI−40
−
DIAGNOSTICS ENGINE
1996 LAND CRUISER (RM451U)
DTC P0125 Insufficient Coolant Temp. for Closed Loop
Fuel Control
CIRCUIT DESCRIPTION
To obtain a high purification rate for the CO, HC and NOx components of th\
e exhaust gas, a three −way cata-
lytic converter is used, but for the most efficient use of the three −way catalytic converter, the air−fuel ratio
must be precisely controlled so that it is always close to the stoichiom\
etric air −fuel ratio.
The oxygen sensor has the characteristic where by its output voltage change\
s suddenly in the vicinity of the
stoichiometric air −fuel ratio. This characteristic is used to detect the oxygen concentrati\
on in the exhaust
gas and provide feedback to the computer for control of the air −fuel ratio.
When the air −fuel ratio becomes LEAN, the oxygen concentration in the exhaust increas\
es and the oxygen
sensor informs the ECM of the LEAN condition (small electromotive force: 0 V)\
.
When the air −fuel ratio is RICHER than the stoichiometric air −fuel ratio the oxygen concentration in the ex-
haust gas in reduced and the oxygen sensor informs the ECM of the RICH condit\
ion (large electromotive
force: 1 V). The ECM judges by the electromotive force from the oxygen \
sensor whether the air −fuel ratio
is RICH or LEAN and controls the injection time accordingly. However, if malfunction of the oxygen sensor
causes output of abnormal electromotive force, the ECM is unable to perform acc\
urate air −fuel ratio control.
The heated oxygen sensors include a heater which heats the zirconia element\
. The heater is controlled by
the ECM. When the intake air volume is low (the temp. of the exhaust gas i\
s low) current flows to the heater
to heat the sensor for accurate oxygen concentration detection.
DTC No.DTC Detecting ConditionTrouble Area
P0125
After the engine is warmed up, heated oxygen sensor (bank 1
sensor 2) output does not indicate RICH even once when
conditions (a), (b) and (c) continue for at least 1.5 min.
(a) Engine speed: 1,500 rpm or more
(b) Vehicle speed: 40 − 100 km/h (25 − 62 mph)
(c) Closed throttle position switch: OFF
 Open or short in heated oxygen sensor (bank 1 sensor 1)
circuit
 Heated oxygen sensor (bank1 sensor 1)
DI5P9−02
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−
DIAGNOSTICS ENGINE
DI−51
1996 LAND CRUISER (RM451U)
DTC P0171 System too Lean (Fuel Trim)
DTC P0172 System too Rich (Fuel Trim)
CIRCUIT DESCRIPTION
”Fuel trim” refers to the feedback compensation value compared against the basic injection time. Fuel trim
includes short−term fuel trim and long −term fuel trim.
”Short−term fuel trim” is the short−term fuel compensation used to maintain the air −fuel ratio at its ideal
theoretical value. The signal from the heated oxygen sensor indicates whether the a\
ir −fuel ratio is RICH or
LEAN compared to the ideal theoretical value, triggering a reduction in fuel \
volume if the air −fuel ratio is rich,
and an increase in fuel volume if it is lean.
”Long −term fuel trim” is overall fuel compensation carried out long −term to compensate for continual devi-
ation of the short−term fuel trim form the central value due to individual engine differences, wear over time
and changes in the usage environment.
If both the short−term fuel trim and long−term fuel trim are LEAN or RICH beyond a certain value, it is de-
tected as a malfunction and the MIL lights up.
DTC No.DTC Detecting ConditionTrouble Area
P0171
When the air fuel ratio feedback is stable after engine warming
up, the fuel trim is considerably in error on the RICH side.
(2 trip detection logic)
 Air intake (hose loose)
 Fuel line pressure
 Injector blockage, leak
 Heated oxygen sensor (bank 1 sensor 1) malfunction
 Mass air flow meter
 Engine coolant temp. sensor
P0172
When the air fuel ratio feedback is stable after engine warming
up, the fuel trim is considerably in error on the LEAN side.
(2 trip detection logic)
Fuel line pressure
 Injector blockage, leak
 Heated oxygen sensor (bank 1 sensor 1) malfunction
 Mass air flow meter
 Engine coolant temp. sensor
HINT:
When the DTC P0171 is recorded, the actual air− fuel ratio is on the LEAN side. When DTC P0172 is
recorded, the actual air−fuel ratio is on the RICH side.
If the total of the short −term fuel trim value and long −term fuel trim value is within + 30 − − 35 %, the
system is functioning normally.
If the vehicle runs out of fuel, the air −fuel ratio is LEAN and DTC P0171 is recorded. The MIL then come
on.
INSPECTION PROCEDURE
1 Check air induction system (See page SF−1 ).
NG Repair or replace
OK
DI5PE−02
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