1995 LAND ROVER DISCOVERY check oil

51REAR AXLE AND FINAL DRIVE
6
OVERHAUL 48.Repeat on other bearing bore. Add readings
then halve sum to obtain mean reading. Note
whether trace pin has moved up or down from
zero.
A. Where trace pin moves down, reading is
equal to thickness of shims to remove, to
bring pinion to nominal.
B. Where trace pin moves up, reading is
equal to thickness of shims to add, to bring
pinion to nominal.
49.Before adjusting shim thickness: check pinion
face marking. If a plus (+) figure, subtract in
thousandths of an inch from shim thickness
figure.
50.If pinion has a minus (-) figure, add amount to
shim thickness figure.
Adjust shim thickness under pinion head bearing
track as necessary.
INCH MM
.001 = .025
.002 = .05
.003 = .075
.004 = .10
.005 = .125
.006 = .15
.007 = .175
.008 = .20
.009 = .225
.010 = .25
NOTE: Where dial indicator is metric
conversion must be made to inches when
measuring and selecting shims.
51.Recheck pinion height setting. If setting is
correct, mean reading of dial gauge will agree
with figure marked on pinion end face.
For example, with end face marking of +3, dial
gauge reading should indicate pinion is +0.003
in.Bearing pre-load adjustment
52.Remove the pinion flange, pinion, outer bearing
and spacer.
53.Slide new shim, of same thickness as original
(bearing pre-load) into position on pinion shaft. If
fitting a new shim use thickest shim 2.155 mm.
54.Fit pinion to pinion housing and fit outer bearing
and spacer (front differential only).
55.Fit driving flange, washer and nut.
56.Do not fit oil seal at this stage.
57.Tighten pinion flange nut to130 Nm.Force to
rotate pinion shaft is 3Nm using new bearings.
Change shim as necessary to obtain reading.
Thicker shim will reduce pre-load. Thinner shim
will increase pre-load.
NOTE: If using original bedded in
bearings, pre-load figure is 1.5 Nm.
58.Remove pinion flange.

FRONT AXLE AND FINAL DRIVE
1
FAULT DIAGNOSIS FAULT DIAGNOSIS
Complaint - Oil leaks
An external leak of lubrication can be caused by a
faulty internal seal. For example, if the seals which
separate the differential from the swivel housings are
faulty and the vehicle is operating or parked on an
embankment, oil may leak across the axle leaving one
swivel with a high level and the other swivel and
differential lacking lubrication.
See 'Description and Operation' for illustrations of oil
seal locations.
When investigating leaks or checking oil levels, it is
essential that all the lubrication is drained from any
housing with a high level and that the other levels are
checked.
Swivel oil should be checked for signs of grease
leaking from the hub bearings and the hub grease
should not contain oil.
Check that the axle ventilation system is clear, as a
blockage can cause internal pressure to force oil past
the seals.
If the vehicle is driven in deep water with defective oil
seals, water may contaminate the lubricants and when
checked, give a false impression that the housing has
been overfilled with oil.
Do not assume that a high oil level is due to over
filling or, that a low level is because of an external
leak.

54FRONT AXLE AND FINAL DRIVE
6
OVERHAUL Swivel assembly components
1. Swivel pin housing
2. Top swivel pin and brake hose bracket
3. Upper and lower swivel pin bearings
4. Shim
5. Retaining plate and washer
6. Oil seal
7. Joint washer
8. Swivel bearing housing
9. Joint washer
10. Lower swivel pin
11. Mudshield bracket
12. Swivel housing inner oil sealCheck and adjust preload on bearings
NOTE: Swivel housing oil seal and axle
should not be fitted.
47.Attach a spring balance to ball joint bore and pull
balance to determine effort required to turn
swivel pin housing.
Resistance, once initial inertia has been
overcome, should be1.16 to 1.46 kg.Adjust by
removing or adding shims to top swivel pin.
48.When setting is correct remove top swivel bolts,
apply Loctite 270 or equivalent. Refit to
78 Nm,
and bend over lock tabs.
49.Apply recommended grease between lips of
swivel oil seal.
50.Fit oil seal, joint washer and retaining plate with
seven bolts and spring washers to
11 Nm.
51.Fit tie rod and drag link and secure with new
cotter pins. Tighten to
40 Nm.
52.Fit brake disc shield.
53.Loosely fit lock stop bolt and nut.
54.Apply a recommended grease between lips of
swivel housing oil seal.
55.Secure oil seal with retaining plate and securing
bolts. Tighten to
11 Nm.
56.Fit track-rod and drag link and secure with new
cotter pins.
57.Loosely fit lock stop bolt for later adjustment.
58.Fit brake disc shield.

FRONT AXLE AND FINAL DRIVE
7
OVERHAUL Fit driveshaft and stub axle
59.Insert axle shaft, and when differential splines
are engaged, push assembly in fully.
CAUTION: Take care not to damage axle
shaft oil seals.
60.Place a new joint washer in position on swivelpin
housing to stub axle mating face. Coat threads
of stub axle bolts with Loctite 270.
61.Fit stub axle with flat at 12 o'clock position.
CAUTION: Ensure that constant velocity
joint bearing journal is butted against
thrust ring on stub axle. Before stub axle
is secured.
62.Place mud shield in position and secure stub
axle to swivel pin housing with six bolts and
tighten evenly to
65 Nm.
63.Fit brake jump hoses to brake jump hose
bracket.
64.Fit front hub complete assembly.
See Repair,
Front Hub Assembly
65.Check swivel pin housing oil drain plug is fitted.
66.Fill swivel assembly to correct level, with new oil.
See SECTION 10, Maintenance, Under
Vehicle Maintenance
67.Set steering lock stop bolts to provide a
clearance of 20mm.
See STEERING,
Adjustment, Steering Lock Stops
FRONT STUB AXLE, CONSTANT VELOCITY JOINT
AND SWIVEL PIN HOUSING ABS
Service repair no - 60.15.43.
Remove stub axle, axle shaft and constant
velocity joint.
1.Remove front hub assembly.
See Repair,
Front Hub Assembly
2.Drain swivel pin housing and refit plug.
3.Remove six bolts retaining stub axle to swivel
housing.
4.Remove mud shield.
5.Remove stub axle and joint washer.
6.Pull out axle shaft and constant velocity joint
from axle casing.

54FRONT AXLE AND FINAL DRIVE
10
OVERHAUL
40.With seal lips trailing press axle shaft oil seal
flush into rear of housing. Grease lips.
41.Fit new thrust washers and bearing into top
swivel pin bush.
42.Hang swivel pin bearing housing oil seal and
retainer plate over back of housing. Ensure they
are in correct assembly order.
43.Fit a new joint washer and secure swivel pin
bearing housing to axle. Starting with top fixing
dowel bolt. Tighten to
72Nm.
Fit swivel pin housing
44.Grease and fit lower swivel pin bearing to
bearing housing.
45.Place swivel pin housing in position over swivel
pin bearing housing.
46.Using a new joint washer, fit lower swivel pin
with lip outboard. Do not secure with screws at
this stage.
47.Fit a new sensor bush and new oil seal, lip side
leading to top swivel pin.
48.Lubricate with a recommended oil and fit top
swivel pin with existing shims.
49.Coat threads of top swivel pin bolts with Loctite
542. Fit bolts and jump hose bracket (do not
tighten).50.Coat threads of lower swivel pin screws with
Loctite 270 and fit, together with damper and
shield bracket. Tighten to
25 Nm.
51.Tighten top swivel pin and brake jump hose
bracket securing bolts to
65 Nm.
Check and adjust preload on bearings
52.The preload on bearings to be0,25 to 0,30 mm,
withoutswivel housing oil seal and axle fitted,
and reading from centre of swivel pin. The
torque required to turn swivel assembly from
lock to lock to be
2.0 to 2.8 Nm.Adjust by
removing or adding shims as necessary.
53.To take a reading use special tool LRT-57-024
torque test adaptor, with a torque wrench and
extension as shown.
54.Apply a recommended grease between lips of
swivel housing oil seal.
55.Secure oil seal with retaining plate and securing
bolts. Tighten to
11Nm.
56.Fit track-rod and drag link and secure with new
cotter pins.
57.Loosely fit lock stop bolt for later adjustment.
58.Fit brake disc shield.

FRONT AXLE AND FINAL DRIVE
11
OVERHAUL Fit driveshaft and stub axle
59.Insert axle shaft, and when differential splines
are engaged, push assembly in fully.
CAUTION: Take care not to damage axle
shaft oil seals.
60.Place a new joint washer in position on swivelpin
housing to stub axle mating face. Coat threads
of stub axle bolts with Loctite 270.
61.Fit stub axle with flat at 12 o'clock position.
CAUTION: Ensure that constant velocity
joint bearing journal is butted against
thrust ring on stub axle. Before stub axle
is secured.
62.Place mud shield in position and secure stub
axle to swivel pin housing with six bolts and
tighten evenly to
65 Nm.
63.Fit brake jump hoses to brake jump hose
bracket.
64.Fit front hub complete assembly.
See Repair,
Front Hub Assembly
65.Check swivel pin housing oil drain plug is fitted.
66.Fill swivel assembly to correct level, with new oil.
See SECTION 10, Maintenance, Under
Vehicle Maintenance
67.Set steering lock stop bolts to provide a
clearance of 20mm.
See STEERING,
Adjustment, Steering Lock Stops
68.Fit ABS brake sensor.See BRAKES, Repair,
Sensors - Front

FRONT AXLE AND FINAL DRIVE
1
SPECIFICATIONS, TORQUE TORQUE VALUES
NOTE: Torque wrenches should be regularly checked for accuracy to ensure that all fixings are
tightened to the correct torque.
Nm
FRONT AXLE
Hub driving member to hub 65........................................................................ *
Brake disc to hub 73.......................................................................................
Stub axle to swivel pin housing 65.................................................................. *
Brake caliper to swivel pin housing 82............................................................
Upper swivel pin to swivel pin housing 78...................................................... *
Upper swivel pin to swivel pin housing ABS 65..............................................
Lower swivel pin to swivel pin housing 78...................................................... *
Lower swivel pin to swivel pin housing ABS 25.............................................. *
Oil seal retainer to swivel pin housing 11........................................................
Swivel bearing housing to axle case 73.......................................................... *
Pinion housing to axle case 41.......................................................................
Crown wheel to differential housing 58...........................................................
Differential bearing cap to pinion housing 90..................................................
Differential drive flange to drive shaft 47.........................................................
Mudshield to bracket lower swivel pin 11........................................................
Disc shield to bracket lower ABS 9................................................................
Bevel pinion nut 130........................................................................................
Draglink to hub arm 40....................................................................................
Panhard rod to axle bracket 88.......................................................................
Radius arm to axle 190....................................................................................
Radius arm to chassis side member 190.........................................................
NOTE: * These bolts to be coated with Loctite 270 prior to assembly.

57STEERING
4
FAULT DIAGNOSIS Symptom:-
Fluid leaks from steering box seals.
CAUTION: The steering wheel must not be
held on full lock for more than 30 seconds
in one minute, as this may overheat the
fluid and cause damage to the oil seals.
1.Check fluid level.
See Repair, Power Steering
Fluid Reservoir
Check fluid pressure.See Power Steering
System - Test
2.Is pressure high?
YES - Renew pump.
See Repair, Power
steering Pump
If oil seal leaks persist after renewing the
pump.
See Overhaul, Power Steering
Box
NO -See Overhaul, Power Steering Box
Symptom:-
Insufficient power assistance - castor return
action normal.
1.Are tyres correct type and pressure?
NO -
See GENERAL SPECIFICATION DATA,
Information, Wheels and Tyres
YES - Continue.
2.Is fluid level correct?
NO - Check fluid level
See Repair, Power
Steering Fluid Reservoir
YES - Check system for air locks.See Repair,
Power Steering System - Bleed
3.Is pressure correct?
NO - Check fluid pressure.
See Power
Steering System - Test
If pressure is not correct after bleeding
the system, renew pump.
See Repair,
Power Steering Pump
YES -See Overhaul, Power Steering Box
Symptom:-
Steering heavy - stiff, poor castor return action.
1.Are tyres correct type and pressure?
NO -
See GENERAL SPECIFICATION DATA,
Information, Wheels and Tyres
YES - Check universal joints for seizure and
correct alignment.
See Repair, Lower
Steering Shaft and Universal Joints
Check power steering box adjustments.
See Overhaul, Power Steering Box
2.Is the power assistance satisfactory?
NO - See fault symptomInsufficient
assistance, (castor return action
normal).
YES - Disconnect drag link from drop arm and
check steering column and box for
stiffness.
See Repair, Drag Link and
Drag Link Ends
3.Is the steering stiff with the drag link
disconnected?
NO - Check steering ball joints for seizure and
axle swivels lubrication and resistance.
See Repair, Drag Link and Drag Link
Ends See FRONT AXLE AND FINAL
DRIVE, Overhaul, Front Stub Axle,
Constant Velocity Joint and Swivel Pin
Housing Non ABS See FRONT AXLE
AND FINAL DRIVE, Overhaul, Front
Stub Axle, Constant Velocity Joint and
Swivel Pin Housing ABS
YES - Disconnect the lower steering shaft and
check the column and box for stiffness.
See Repair, Lower Steering Shaft and
Universal Joints
4.Is the steering column stiff to turn when
disconnected from the box?
NO - Remove and overhaul box.
See
Overhaul, Power Steering Box
YES - Adjust steering column.See Stiff
Steering Checklist