1994 JAGUAR XJ6 power steering fluid

(if applicable) term(s) (or Eng-
lish Equivalent)
paragraph para
parking brake
Park Neutral Position PNP
Park Neutral Position Switch PNPS
Dart number I Dartno.
I pin boss
ping, pinging
piston pin
(also wrist pin)
power assisted steering
power steering pressure
. powertrain
program
Droaramable or Droarammable I
Droaramed or Droarammed I
Droaramer or Droarammer I
programing or programming
Programmable Electronic Control
I PECUS
Units System
I Programmable Read-only Mem- I PROM
on/ Prussian blue
Pump
purge cock I
indicates the selected non-drive modes of
the (automatic) transmission
boss in the piston wall (two per piston) which
is bored to
accept one end of the piston pin
metallic pinging sound caused by detonation
in the combustion chamber, usually caused
by incorrect grade of fuel (too low octane) or
over
-advanced ignition timing (see also knock)
pin which connects the connecting rod to the
piston, and permits articulation between the
two.
hvdraulic
DumD-assisted steerina svstem
the elements of
a vehicle by which motive
power is generated and transmitted to the
driven axle
sequence of events to be performed by
a
control module/comDuter
process whereby a common ECM is programmed on the production line to suit
the market requirements of
a particular vehicle
ROM with some provision for setting the
stored data after manufacture
device used to raise, transfer, or compress
fluids by suction, pressure or both handbrake
NDS, NGS, TSN,
gearbox sensor
piston pin boss
pinking
gudgeon pin
Dower steerina
drive line
programme, pro
-
gram
programmable
programmed
programmer
programming
enaineer's blue
drain plug, drain
tap
Issue 1 August 1994 X300 VSM 21

Term(s) Abbreviation Definition Previously used
(if applicable) term(s) (or Eng-
lish Equivalent)
T
tachometer
Thermal Vacuum Valve
Three
-way Catalytic Converter
Three
-way + Oxidation Catalytic
Converter TWC + OC
Throttle
------I
Throttle Body TB
Throttle Position TP
Throttle Position Sensor TPS
throw
-out bearing
throw
-out fork
tie
-rod (steering)
timing
tire
top dead center TDC
torque converter
Transmission
Transmission Control Module
Transmission Control Switch
Transmission Oil Temperature TOT
Transmission Range TR
I Transmission Speed Sensor TSS
tread
trunk
turn indicator, turn signal lamp
two cycle a
circuit that provides input for an electronic
tachometer display
controls vacuum levels or routing based on
temperature
catalytic converter that reduces the levels of
HC,
CO & NOx
catalyticconverter systemthat has both TWC
and OC. Usually secondary air is introduced
between the two catalvsts
procedure whereby the performance of a
product is measured under various
conditions - - . -. . . - . . -
a valve for regulating the supply of a fluid,
usually air or an aidfuel mixture, to an engine
device containing the throttle
interprets throttle position and movement to
identify idle, acceleration and full
-power
demands
relationship between spark plug firing and
piston position, usually expressed
in crankshaft degrees BTDC or ATDC of the
compression stroke
device which, by its design, multiplies the
torque in a fluid coupling between an engine
and transmission
device which selectively increases or
decreases the ratio of relative rotation
between its
inDut and outDut shafts
controls the shifting pattern of the
(automatic) transmission
Modifies the operation of electronically
controlled transmissions
indicates temperature
of transmission fluid
the range in which the transmission is
operating
indicates rotational speed of transmission
output shaft or turbine
shaft
track between tire contact centers; not to be
confused with tire contact tread pattern
principle of engine which fires every second
stroke of the piston cat
cat, dual bed
Throttle poten
-
tiometer, TPS, TP
clutch release
bearing
clutch release
lever
track rod
tvre
TCC, CCC, CCO,
LUS, MLUS,
MCCC
transmission
ECU
track boot, luggage
compartment
direction indica
- tor
two stroke
Issue 1 August 1994 26 X300 VSM

Cooling System (AJl6) m
4.1.1 COOLING SYSTEM DESCRIPTION
4.1.1.1 Major Components
o Main engine crossflow radiator, incorporating a concentric tube cooler for the power steering fluid mounted in
the right
-hand radiator side tank. Vehicles with automatic transmission have a transmission fluid cooler
mounted in the left
-hand radiator side tank; for 4,O liter supercharged engines a six-plate cooler is fitted; other
vehicles have
a tube-type cooler. Adouble-action temperature switch, for controlling the radiator cooling fans,
is mounted in the left
-hand radiator side tank.
0 Two electrically operated radiator cooling fans, mounted behind the main radiator.
0 Coolant circulating pump, belt driven from the engine crankshaft.
0 Coolant header tank with pressure relief cap and coolant level probe.
o Engine thermostat.
4.1.1.2
0 Heater matrix.
o Electrically operated coolant circulating pump, mounted on the left-hand side of the engine bulkhead.
o Solenoid operated valve, located adjacent to the coolant circulating pump.
Components for Climate Control System
4.1.1.3 Components for Supercharged Engine
0 0 Supercharger crossflow radiator, mounted in front of the main radiator. The supercharger radiator is reverse- circuited, i.e. the coolant inlet is at the bottom of the radiator.
0 Electrically operated coolant circulating pump, located at the left-hand side of the main radiator.
4.1.1.4 Operation
The configuration of the cooling system for normally aspirated and supercharged (4,O liter) engines is shown in Sub- section 4.1.2.
The cooling system is pressurized, which allows the system to operate at a higher temperature without overheating.
The header tank is fitted with a pressure relief cap to protect the system against overpressure.
Under cold start conditions, coolant is forced by the engine driven water pump through the cylinder block and cylinder
head to the thermostat housing. The thermostat is closed to give rapid engine warm up, hence the coolant is returned
directly to the water pump inlet. When normal engine operating temperature is reached, the thermostat opens and
coolant is diverted through the radiator before returning to the water pump inlet. In vehicles fitted with
a supercharger,
coolant is circulated through the supercharger radiator and intercooler by the supercharger water pump. The super- charger cooling circuit uses the same coolant header tank as the main engine cooling system.
The radiator cooling fans operate in series and parallel under the control of the double
-action radiator mounted tem- perature switch. The fans are also controlled by the climate control system on vehicles fitted with air conditioning.
Under hot operating conditions, the fans may continue to operate after the engine has been switched off. The fans
stop automatically when the coolant temperature has been reduced sufficiently.
The system also provides the coolant supply for the climate control system, which is described in Section
14.
X300 VSM 1 Issue 1 August 1994

Cooling System (V12
4.2.1 COOLING SYSTEM DESCRIPTION I
4.2.1.1 Major Components
o Engine crossflow radiator, incorporating a concentric tube cooler for the power steering fluid mounted in the
left
-hand radiator side tank. Vehicles with automatic transmission have a six-plate transmission fluid cooler
mounted in the right
-hand radiator side tank. A double-action temperature switch, for controlling the electric
radiator cooling fans, is mounted in the left
-hand radiator side tank.
0 Engine driven, viscous-coupled, radiator cooling fan
0 Two electrically operated radiator cooling fans, mounted in front of the radiator.
o Coolant circulating pump, belt driven from the engine crankshaft.
0 Coolant header tank with pressure relief cap and coolant level probe.
0 Two engine thermostats, one in each cylinder bank.
4.2.1.2
0 Heater matrix.
0 Electrically operated coolant circulating pump, mounted on the left-hand side of the engine bulkhead.
o Solenoid operated valve, located adjacent to the coolant circulating pump.
Components for Climate Control System
1
4.2.1.3 Operation
The configuration of the cooling system is shown in Sub-section 4.2.2.
The cooling system is pressurized, which allows the system to operate at a higher temperature without overheating.
The header tank is fitted with a pressure relief cap to protect the system against overpressure.
Under cold start conditions, coolant is forced by the engine driven water pump through each cylinder block and cylin
- der head to the thermostat housings. The thermostats are closed to give rapid engine warm up, hence the coolant is
returned via the engine cross pipe to the water pump inlet. When normal engine operating temperature is reached,
the thermostats open and coolant is diverted through the radiator before returning to the water pump inlet.
If the engine driven fan is unable to provide sufficient cooling, the electrically operated fans operate in series and paral
-
lel underthe control of the radiator mounted temperature switch. Under hot operating conditions, the electric fans may
continue to operate after the engine has been switched off. The fans stop automatically when the coolant temperature
has been reduced sufficiently.
The system also provides the coolant supply for the climate control system, which is described in Section 14.
I
I X300 VSM 1 Issue 1 August 1994

@ Steering
Description
Retinax A grease
Power steering hydraulic
fluid
'11. SERVICE MATERIALS
U- Notes
Front hub bearings and seals
Dexron 2E ATF minimum (or equivalent) See
Sub Section IV Service
Data
See Sub Section
IV Service
Data
Application
Front hub end-float
Front hub bearing grease
- Quantity
Toe
-in 12 cylinder
Toe
-in 6 cylinder
Steering system capacity
Steering system operating pressure
Steering system level checking frequency
Drive belt tension (12 cylinder only)
Steering
rack turns lock to lock
Drive belt tension measuring point
Specification
0,025 to 0,08 mm
4 ml in each race
Oo 5' + or - 10' underside of front crossbeam 143mm
from ground level
Oo 5' + or - 10' underside of front crossbeam 153mm
from ground level
Approx
1 liter from dry
100> 110 bar
16,000
km
2,83
Burroughs method - New belt 790 N; If tension falls
below 270 N reset at 630 N
Clavis method - New belt 114 to 120 Hz; If tension falls
below 70 Hz reset at 87 to 93 Hz
For new belt, rotate engine 3 revolutions minimum and
retension
Mid
-way between crankshaft and compressor pulley
Issue 1 August 1994 iv X300 VSM

@ Steering
10.1.3 Steering Hydraulic System Major Components
Engine driven rotary vane pump (belt driven 12 cylinder; direct drive from timing gear 6 cylinder) with falling
flow characteristic (as
pump speed increases fluid flow decreases) and integral pressure relief valve.
Remote fluid reservoir with integral 'return' side filter.
Steering rack (incorporating speed sensitive transducer).
Steering control module
(SCM).
Fluid cooler integral with engine coolant radiator and associated pipe-work.
10.1.4 Hydraulic System Features
The 'Servotronic' system reduces steering input loads during parking and low speed manoeuvres and progressively
increases input loads as vehicle speed rises. This feature enhances steering feel.
10.1.5
Rotary motion of the steering wheel is converted, via the steering gear pinion to lateral motion of the rack. Hydraulic
assistance is provided by pressurized fluid being directed against the rack bar piston in the rack cylinder. The pressure
applied to each side of the rack piston is controlled by the pinion valve which varies the restriction through which the
flow for each side of the rack piston must pass.
Hydraulic System Operating Principle (see illustrations on next three pages)
Section on X X
J57-277
A. Steering rack F. Torsion bar 0 Radial groove B. Driving pinion G. Oil pump 1 Speedometer
C. Power cylinder H Pressure & flow 2 SCM D. Rotary disc valve limiting valve 3 Transducer
E. Control sleeve N Radial groove
Fig.
1 Major components & hydraulic flow - Neutral position ~
Issue 1 August 1994 X300 VSM 2

10.2 SERVICE
PROCEDURES - SAFETY RELATED
10.2.1
Airbag
The electrically activated driver's side airbag is attached to the steering wheel hub and is fed by two wires from the
column stalk assembly. Electrical input to the column stalk assembly for the airbag is provided by a dedicated harness
which is encased in a yellow sleeve. A mechanism in the stalk assembly called the 'cable reel cassette' provides conti
-
nuity from the static column to the steering wheel. The 'cable reel cassette' is driven by a tang which locates in the
steering wheel. Because the connection is by wires, and the cassette assembly is only capable of approximately five
(5) full turns,
it is critically important that initial positioning is correct, see Section 15. It is equally important that fitting of the steering wheel, connection of the column, lower shaft and steering rackshould
ONLY be made with the steering rack in the center of its travel.
WARNING: DO NOT REMOVE THE STEERING COLUMN FROM THE VEHICLE WITH THE STEERING WHEEL AT- TACHED UNLESS THE STEERING IS CENTERED AND THE COLUMN LOCK IS ENGAGED. IF THE LOCK
BARREL
IS TO BE RENEWED, 'LOCK-WIRE THE ASSEMBLY TO PREVENT ROTATION. FAILURE TO OB- SERVE THIS AND CONSEQUENT DAMAGE TO THE 'CABLE REEL CASSETTE MAY RESULT IN AN INOP- ERATIVE AIRBAG SYSTEM. SEE LABEL ON STEERING WHEEL HUB.
10.3 SERVICE PROCEDURES
10.3.1 Working Practices
It is not recommended that either the steering rack or engine driven pump assemblies are repaired in any way other
than in accordance with the repair procedures described in this manual. The fluid reservoir and filter is a disposable
assembly and no attempt should be made to clean it internally. Genuine replacement units must be fitted following
routine service or diagnostic confirmation of the failure of any component.
The importance of cleanliness cannot be over
-stressed, not only with new parts but also those which may havefailed.
In-service contamination of the hydraulic system is a major cause of failures and may be avoided with good working
practices and care. All new units and pipes must be supplied with suitable blanks in every orifice. Should a unit not
have blanks fitted, do not use
it - return it to the supplier with an appropriate reason for your action.
To help the manufacturer diagnose problems and avoid post-removal contamination; provide full details of the fault
and plug all connections as soon as they are released. All suspect units must be returned to Jaguar Cars complete
with relevant documentation.
CAUTION: It is imperative that the power steering system does not become contaminated in any way. Always de- cant fluid from afresh sealed container and clean the area around the reservoir neck both before and after topping-up. Never return drained fluid to the system.
10.3.2
Position the vehicle on a level surface with the engine sta- tionary and fluid cold. Add fluid, if required, so that the level
falls BETWEEN the marks
Fig.1.
10.3.3 System Bleed (following maintenance)
To avoid fluid aeration and possible pump damage, the in- itial fill process must be carried out with the ignition OFF.
Set the fluid level approximately 20 mm above the upper
dipstick level, and cycle the steering no less than three (3) times from lock to lock (this may be best achieved with the
front wheels off the ground). As air is expelled thefluid level
will fall, the level should be corrected. Start the engine and
further cycle thesteering until the fluid level becomes stable.
Stop the engine and finally set the level in accordance
with the fluid level check procedure.
10.3.4 Fluid Reservoir
The reservoir has an integral, non-serviceable, return-side
filter. Should any component be renewed or the system
'broken into' for any reason,
it is essential that the reservoir and the fluid are changed. Under normal operating condi- tions it is not necessary to change the fluid.
10.3.5 Hydraulic Connections
Fluid
Level Check and
Top-up
Jf7-281
Fig. 1
All hydraulic connections and surrounding areas should be scrupulously cleaned before and after work. Please note
that the steering rack valve block connections for FEED and RETURN are common in size. Ensure that the pipes are
correctly fitted, the uppermost one being the high pressure FEEDfrom the steering pump and the lower (RETURN) hav- ing a double depth hexagon tube nut.
X300 VSM 5 issue 1 August 1994

@ Steering
Cause
Fluid level low?
Drive belt slack
(V12)
Pump drive loose (6cyl)
center pressures low
Air in system due to loose connection
Pump shaft seal faulty (fluid loss)
Delivery pressure or flow too low
Return flow restricted by blocked reser
-
voir filter
Both check valves blocked
Rack damper too
tight
Lower column incorrectly set
Excessive upper column friction
Faulty rotary valve or seal
Drive belt slack
(VI217
Engine idle speed too low
Pump drive loose
(6cyl)
Air in system due to loose connection
Pump shaft seal faulty (fluid
loss)
Delivery pressure or flow too low
Fluid level low?
tire pressures
high
Air in system due to loose connection
Stiff or seized steering joint
Rack damper too tight
Castor or tracking error
Lower column over extended
Fluid level low?
Air
in system due to loose connection
Pump shaft seal faulty (fluid
loss)
Rack damper loose
Pinion bearing faulty
Rack or column fixings loose
Rack mounting bracket loose
Rack mounting bush loose
Free play in column assembly
10.4 DIAGNOSTIC PROCEDURE
10.4.1 Introduction
The following diagnostic procedures are provided to rapidly pin-point mechanical faults which are not interrogated
by electrical means. Diagnostic procedures which require dedicated electrically operated equipment are dealt with in the 'Electrical Diagnostic Manual' (EDM) but may be mentioned here for reference.
10.4.2 Preliminary Action
Before any problem solving is undertaken it is essential that the fluid level and where applicable, belt tension, is
checked and if required corrected.
CAUTION: It is imperative that the power steering system does not become contaminated in any way. Always de cant fluid from a fresh sealed container and clean the area around the reservoir neck both before and after
topping-up. Never return drained fluid to the system.
10.4.2 Diagnostic Chart 1
Remedy
Rectify fluid loss and or top up
Re
-tension belt
Renew pump
Set to specification
Secure connection and bleed air out
Renew pump
Renew pump
Renew reservoir
Renew rack
Renew rack
Set to specification
Renew upper column
Renew rack
Retension belt
Reset idle speed
Renew
pump
Secure connection and bleed air out
Renew
pump
Renew pump
Rectify
fluid loss and or top up
Set to specification
Secure connection and bleed air out
Test and renew faulty joint
Renew rack
Check geometry and rectify
if required
Set to specification
Rectify fluid
loss and or top up
Secure connection and bleed air out
Renew pump
Renew rack
Renew rack
Tighten to specification
Renew rack
Renew rack
Check and rectify as required
Trouble
Heavy on both sides
Heavy on one side
Heavy when steering
rapidly
Vague feel about center
Knocking
1 vibration felt
at steering wheel
0
0
0
0
Issue 1 August 1994 6 X300 VSM