1993 CHEVROLET DYNASTY wheel

If equipped, unplug torque converter clutch
plug, located near the dipstick.
CAUTION: Raise vehicle. Remove front wheels. Refer
to Suspension, Group 2 to remove or install wheel
hub nut and both drive shafts. Remove torque converter dust cover. Mark
torque converter and drive plate with chalk, for
reassembly. Remove torque converter mounting
bolts.
Fig. 1 Remove Upper and Lower Oil Cooler Hoses
Fig. 2 Engine Support Fixture
Fig. 3 Remove Bell Housing Upper Bolts
Fig. 4 Remove or Install Left Splash Shield
Fig. 5 Remove or Install Access Plug in Right Splash Shield to Rotate Engine Crankshaft
Fig. 6 Remove or Install Wire to Neutral/Park Safety Switch
Ä TRANSAXLE 21 - 49

During the road test, the transaxle should be oper-
ated in each position to check for slipping and any
variation in shifting. If vehicle operates properly at highway speeds, but
has poor acceleration, the torque converter stator
overrunning clutch may be slipping. If through-gear
acceleration is normal, but high throttle opening is
required to maintain highway speeds, the torque con-
verter stator clutch may have seized. Both of these
stator defects require replacement of the torque con-
verter. The clutch that is slipping can be determined by
noting the transaxle operation in all selector posi-
tions. Then comparing which internal units are ap-
plied in those positions. The Elements in Use Chart
provides a basis for road test analysis. The process of elimination can be used to detect
any unit which slips and to confirm proper operation
of good units. Road test analysis can usually diag-
nose slipping units, but the actual cause of the mal-
function usually can not be decided. Practically any
condition can be caused by leaking hydraulic circuits
or sticking valves.
HYDRAULIC PRESSURE TESTS
Pressure testing is a very important step in the di-
agnostic procedure. These tests usually reveal the
cause of most transaxle problems. Before performing pressure tests, be certain that
fluid level and condition, and shift cable adjustments
have been checked and approved. Fluid must be at
operating temperature (150 to 200 degrees F.). Install an engine tachometer, raise vehicle on hoist
which allows front wheels to turn, and position ta-
chometer so it can be read. Attach 150 psi gauges to ports required for test be-
ing conducted. A 300 psi gauge (C-3293) is required
for reverse pressure test. Test port locations are shown in (Figure 1).
TEST ONE-SELECTOR IN LOW 1ST GEAR
(1) Attach pressure gauge to the low/reverse clutch
tap. (2) Move selector lever to the L position.
(3) Allow vehicle wheels to turn and increase
throttle opening to achieve an indicated vehicle
speed to 20 mph. (4) Low/reverse clutch pressure should read 115 to
145 psi.
ELEMENTS IN USE AT EACH POSITION OF THE SELECTOR LEVER
Fig. 4 Oil Level Indicator Location
21 - 94 TRANSAXLE Ä

(5) This test checks pump output, pressure regula-
tion and condition of the low/reverse clutch hydraulic
circuit and shift schedule.
TEST TWO-SELECTOR IN DRIVE 2ND GEAR
(1) Attach gauge to the underdrive clutch tap.
(2) Move selector lever to the 3position.
(3) Allow vehicle wheels to turn and increase
throttle opening to achieve an indicated vehicle
speed of 30 mph. (4) Underdrive clutch pressure should read 110 to
145 psi. (5) This test checks the underdrive clutch hydrau-
lic circuit as well as the shift schedule.
TEST THREE-OVERDRIVE CLUTCH CHECK
(1) Attach gauge to the overdrive clutch tap.
(2) Move selector lever to the circle Dposition.
(3) Allow vehicle wheels to turn and increase
throttle opening to achieve an indicated vehicle
speed of 20 mph. (4) Overdrive clutch pressure should read 74 to 95
psi. (5) Move selector lever to the 3position and in-
crease indicated vehicle speed to 30 mph. (6) The vehicle should be in second gear and over-
drive clutch pressure should be less than 5 psi. (7) This test checks the overdrive clutch hydraulic
circuit as well as the shift schedule.
TEST FOUR-SELECTOR IN CIRCLE DRIVE, OVERDRIVE GEAR
(1) Attach gauge to the 2/4 clutch tap.
(2) Move selector lever to the circle Dposition.
(3) Allow vehicle front wheels to turn and increase
throttle opening to achieve an indicated vehicle
speed of 30 mph. (4) The 2/4 clutch pressure should read 75 to 95
psi. (5) This test checks the 2/4 clutch hydraulic circuit.
TEST FIVE-SELECTOR IN CIRCLE DRIVE,
OVERDRIVE
(1) Attach gauge to the torque converter clutch off
pressure tap. (2) Move selector lever to the circle Dposition.
(3) Allow vehicle wheels to turn and increase
throttle opening to achieve an indicated vehicle speed
of 50 mph.
CAUTION: Both wheels must turn at the same speed. (4) Torque converter clutch off pressure should be
less than 5 psi. (5) This test checks the torque converter clutch
hydraulic circuit.
TEST SIX-SELECTOR IN REVERSE
(1) Attach gauge to the reverse clutch tap.
(2) Move selector lever to the reverse position.
(3) Read reverse clutch pressure with output sta-
tionary (foot on brake) and throttle opened to achieve
1500 rpm. (4) Reverse clutch pressure should read 165 to 235
psi. (5) This test checks the reverse clutch hydraulic
circuit.
TEST RESULT INDICATIONS
(1) If proper line pressure is found in any one test,
the pump and pressure regulator are working properly. (2) Low pressure in all positions indicates a defec-
tive pump, a clogged filter, or a stuck pressure regula-
tor valve. (3) Clutch circuit leaks are indicated if pressures do
not fall within the specified pressure range. (4) If the overdrive clutch pressure is greater than 5
psi in step (6) of Test Three, a worn reaction shaft seal
ring is indicated.
CLUTCH AIR PRESSURE TESTS
Inoperative clutches can be located using a series of
tests by substituting air pressure for fluid pressure
(Figs. 2 and 3). The clutches may be tested by applying
air pressure to their respective passages after the valve
body has been removed and Tool 6056 has been in-
stalled. To make air pressure tests, proceed as follows: The compressed air supply must be free of all
dirt and moisture. Use a pressure of 30 psi. Remove oil pan and valve body. See Valve body
removal.
OVERDRIVE CLUTCH
Apply air pressure to the overdrive clutch apply
passage and watch for the push/pull piston to move
Fig. 1 Pressure Taps
Ä TRANSAXLE 21 - 95

CAUTION: If the vehicle is equipped with two oil
coolers (one in the radiator tank, one in front of the
radiator) they must be flushed separately. Do not
attempt to flush both coolers at one time. (1) Disconnect the cooler lines at the transmission.
(2) Using a hand suction gun filled with mineral
spirits, reverse flush the cooler. Force mineral spirits
into the From Cooler line of the cooler (Fig. 7) and
catch the exiting spirits from the To Coolerline.
Observe for the presence of debris in the exiting
fluid. Continue until fluid exiting is clear and free
from debris.
(3) Using compressed air in intermittent spurts,
blow any remaining mineral spirits from the cooler,
again in the reverse direction. (4) To remove any remaining mineral spirits from
the cooler, one (1) quart of automatic transmission
fluid should be pumped through the cooler before re-
connecting. (5) If at any stage of the cleaning process, the
cooler does not freely pass fluid, the cooler must be
replaced.
OIL COOLER FLOW CHECK
After the new or repaired transmission has been
installed, filled to the proper level with automatic
transmission fluid. The flow should be checked using
the following procedure: (1) Disconnect the From coolerline at the trans-
mission and place a collecting container under the
disconnected line. (2) Run the engine at curb idle speed , with the
shift selector in neutral. (3) If the fluid flow is intermittent or it takes more
than 20 seconds to collect one quart of automatic
transmission fluid, the cooler should be replaced. CAUTION: With the fluid set at the proper level,
fluid collection should not exceed (1) quart or inter-
nal damage to the transmission may occur.
(4) If flow is found to be within acceptable limits,
reconnect the cooler line. Then fill transmission to
the proper level, using the approved type of auto-
matic transmission fluid.
TRANSAXLE REMOVAL AND INSTALLATION
Transaxle removal does NOT require engine re-
moval. See Group 7-Cooling, to drain engine cooling sys-
tem and remove coolant return extension (3.0 liter
engine only). (1) The transaxle and torque converter must be re-
moved as an assembly; otherwise, the torque con-
verter drive plate, pump bushing or oil seal may be
damaged. The drive plate will not support a load;
therefore, none of the weight of the transaxle should
be allowed to rest on the drive plate during removal. (2) Disconnect negative battery cable.
(3) Disconnect transaxle shift linkage.
(4) Install engine support fixture and support en-
gine (Fig.1).
(5) Remove upper bell housing upper bolts.
(6) Raise vehicle. Remove front wheels. Refer to
Suspension, Group 2 to remove wheel hub nut and
both drive shafts. (7) Remove left plastic splash to gain access to the
transaxle (Fig. 2). (8) Remove torque converter dust shield to gain ac-
cess to torque converter bolts (Fig. 3). (9) Mark torque converter and drive plate with
chalk, for reassembly. Remove torque converter
mounting bolts. (10) Disconnect electrical connectors at transmis-
sion range switch and Park/Neutral Position Switch
(Fig. 4).
Fig. 7 Cooler Line Location
Fig. 1 Engine Support Fixture (Typical)
Ä TRANSAXLE 21 - 99

WHEELSÐTIRES
CONTENTS
page page
SPECIFICATIONS ........................ 8
TIRE SERVICE PROCEDURES .............. 1 WHEELS SERVICE PROCEDURES
........... 6
TIRE SERVICE PROCEDURES INDEX
page page
Cleaning of Tires .......................... 1
General Information ........................ 1
Pressure Gauges ......................... 2
Radial-Ply Tires ........................... 1
Repairing Leaks .......................... 3
Rotation ................................ 3 Spare TireÐCompact
...................... 1
Tire Inflation Pressures ..................... 2
Tire Noise or Vibration ..................... 3
Tire Wear Patterns ........................ 3
Tread Wear Indicators ...................... 3
GENERAL INFORMATION
Throughout this group, references may be made to a
particular vehicle by letter or number designation. A
chart showing the breakdown of these designations is
included in the Introduction Section. Tires are designed for the vehicle and provide the
best overall performance for normal operation. The
ride and handling characteristics match the vehicle's
requirements. With proper care they will give excellent
reliability traction, skid resistance and tread life. They
have load carrying capacity, when properly inflated, to
operate at loads up to the specified Maximum Vehicle
Capacity. Driving habits have more effect on tire life than any
other factor. Careful drivers will obtain, in most cases,
much greater mileage than severe or careless drivers. A
few of the driving habits which will shorten the life of
any tire are:
² Rapid acceleration and deceleration
² Severe application of brakes
² High-speed driving
² Taking turns at excessive speeds
² Striking curbs and other obstacles
Radial ply tires can be more susceptible to irregular
tread wear. It is very important to follow the tire
rotation interval shown in the section on Tire
Rotation to achieve a greater tread life potential.
RADIAL-PLY TIRES
Radial-ply tires improve handling, tread life, and
ride quality and decrease rolling resistance. Radial-ply tires must always be used in sets of four
and under no circumstances should they be used on
the front only. However, they may be mixed with temporary spare tires when necessary,
but reduced speeds are recommended. Radial-ply tires have the same load carrying capac-
ity as other types of tires of the same size. They also
use the same recommended inflation pressures.
SPARE TIREÐCOMPACT
The compact spare tire is designed for emergency
use only. The original tire should be repaired and re-
installed at the first opportunity. Refer to Owner's
Manual for complete details.
TIRE CHAINS
Tire snow chains may be used on certainmodels.
Refer to Owner's Manual for more information.
CLEANING OF TIRES
Remove protective coating on tires before delivery
of vehicle, otherwise it could cause deterioration of
tires. Remove protective coating by applying warm wa-
ter, letting it soak one minute, and then scrubbing
the coating away with a soft bristle brush. Steam cleaning may also be used for cleaning.
DO NOT use gasoline or wire brush for cleaning.
DO NOT use mineral oil or an oil-based solvent.
Ä WHEELSÐTIRES 22 - 1

PRESSURE GAUGES
High quality dial type air pressure gauges are rec-
ommended. After checking pressure with the gauge,
replace valve caps and tighten finger tight.
TIRE INFLATION PRESSURES
Under inflation (Fig. 1) causes rapid shoulder wear
and tire flexing and can result in tire failure.
Over inflation (Fig. 2) cause rapid center wear and
loss of the tire's ability to cushion shocks.
Improper inflation can cause:
² Uneven wear patterns
² Reduced tread life
² Reduced fuel economy
² Unsatisfactory ride
² The vehicle to drift.
Proper tire pressure can be found on the placard
attached to the vehicle, See Owner's Manual. This pressure has been selected to provide safe ve-
hicle operation, proper vehicle stability, and a
smooth ride. Tire pressure should be checked cold
once per month and more frequently when the weather temperature varies widely. Tire pressure will
decreases when the outdoor temperature drops.
Inflation pressures specified on the placards are
always cold inflation pressure. Cold inflation pres-
sure is obtained after the vehicle has not been
operated for at least 3 hours or driven less than
one mile after being inoperative for 3 hours. Tire
inflation pressures may increase from 2 to 6 pounds
per square inch (psi) during operation. Do NOT reduce
this normal pressure build-up. Cold inflation pressures must not exceed 240 kPa (35
psi) for P-Series standard load tires.
TIRE PRESSURES FOR HIGH-SPEED OPERA- TION
Chrysler Corporation advocates driving at safe
speeds within posted speed limits. Where speed limits
or conditions are such that the vehicle can be driven at
high speeds, correct tire inflation pressure is very
important. For speeds up to and including 120 km/h
(75 mph), tires must be inflated to the pressure shown
on the tire placard. For speeds in excess of 120 km/h
(75 mph), tires must be inflated to the maximum
pressure specified on the tire sidewall. Vehicles loaded to the maximum capacity should not
be driven at continuous speeds above 120 km/h (75
mph).
WARNING: OVERINFLATED OR UNDER INFLATED
TIRES CAN AFFECT VEHICLE HANDLING. SUDDEN
TIRE FAILURE CAN RESULT, CAUSING LOSS OF
VEHICLE CONTROL.
For police or emergency vehicles that must be driven
at continuous speeds over 144 km/h (90 mph), special
high-speed tires must be used. Consult tire manufac-
turer for tire and inflation pressure recommendations.
REPLACEMENT TIRES
The original equipment tires on the vehicle have
been engineered to provide a proper balance of many
characteristics such as:
² ride
² noise
² handling
² durability
² tread life
² traction
² rolling resistance
² speed capability
Failure to use equipment replacement tires may
adversely affect the safety and handling of the vehicle. The use of oversize tires not listed in the specification
charts may cause interference with vehicle com-
Fig. 1 Under inflation Wear
Fig. 2 Over inflation Wear
22 - 2 WHEELSÐTIRES Ä

ponents. Under extremes of suspension and steering
travel tire damage may occur.
WARNING: FAILURE TO EQUIP THE VEHICLE WITH
TIRES HAVING ADEQUATE SPEED RATING CAN
CAUSE SUDDEN TIRE FAILURE.
ROTATION
DIRECTIONAL TREAD PATTERN TIRES
Some vehicles are fitted with special high-perfor-
mance tires having a directional tread pattern de-
signed to improve traction on wet pavement. To obtain the full benefits of this design, the tires
must be installed so that they rotate in the correct
direction. This is indicated by arrows on the tire
sidewalls. When wheels and tires are being installed, extra
care is needed to ensure that this direction of rota-
tion is maintained. Refer to Owner's Manual for rotation schedule.
NONDIRECTIONAL TIRES
Tires on the front and rear axles of vehicles oper-
ate at different loads and perform different steering,
driving, and braking functions. For these reasons,
they wear at unequal rates, and tend to develop ir-
regular wear patterns. These effects can be reduced
by timely rotation of tires. Rotation will increase
tread life, help to maintain mud, snow, and wet trac-
tion levels, and contribute to a smooth, quiet ride. The suggested rotation method is the forward-cross
tire rotation method. This method takes advantage of
current tire industry practice which now allows cross
rotation of radial-ply tires. Refer to the owner's man-
ual (usually found in the glove box) for additional in-
formation. Other rotation methods may be used, but
may not have all the benefits of the recommended
method. Always check air pressure and wheel nut tightness
after rotation. Do NOT use oil or grease on studs
or nuts. Refer to Owner's Manual for rotation schedule.
TREAD WEAR INDICATORS
Tread wear indicators (Fig. 3) are molded into the
bottom of the tread grooves. When tread is 1.6 mm
(1/16 in.), the tread wear indicators will appear as a
13 mm (1/2 in.) band. Tire replacement is necessary when indicators ap-
pear in two or more grooves, or if localized balding
occurs.
REPAIRING LEAKS
For proper repairing, a radial tire must be removed
from the wheel. Repairs should only be made if the
defect or puncture is in the tread area otherwise the
tire should be replaced. Deflate tire completely before dismounting tire
from the wheel. Use lubrication such as a mild soap
solution when dismounting or mounting tire. Use
tools free of burrs or sharp edges which could dam-
age the tire or wheel rim. Before mounting tire on wheel, make sure all rust
scale is removed from the rim and repaint if neces-
sary. Install wheels on vehicle, progressively tightening
wheel nuts to 129 N Im (95 ft. lbs.) torque (See
Wheels).
TIRE NOISE OR VIBRATION
Radial-ply tires are sensitive to force impulses
caused by improper mounting, wheel irregularities,
or imbalance. To determine if the tires are causing the noise or
vibration, drive the vehicle over a smooth portion of
highway at different speeds and note the effect of ac-
celeration and deceleration on noise level. Differen-
tial and exhaust noise will change in intensity as
speed varies, while tire noise will usually remain
constant.
TIRE WEAR PATTERNS
Under inflation results in faster wear on shoulders
of tire. Over inflation causes faster wear at center of tread.
Excessive camber causes the tire to run at an angle
to the road. One side of tread is worn more than the
other. Excessive toe-in or toe-out causes wear on the
tread edges of the tire, from dragging of tire. There
is a feathered effect across the tread (Fig. 4).
Fig. 3 Tread Wear Indicators
Ä WHEELSÐTIRES 22 - 3

Fig. 4 Tire Wear Patterns
22 - 4 WHEELSÐTIRES Ä