1990 VOLKSWAGEN TRANSPORTER wheel bolts

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VEHICLE OPERATION

OPERATE
YOUR VEHICLE SAFELY

A
lot has gone
into
the manufacture of your Volkswagen, including advanced engineering techniques, rigid quality
control and demanding inspections.

These
engineering and safety features will be enhanced by you, the safe driver,
• who knows the vehicle and all controls
• who maintains the vehicle properly
• who uses driving skills wisely.

For
your own safety as well as
that
of
those around you - be a responsible
driver. If you
drink,
do not
drive.
The use
of alcohol, drugs and certain medications
will seriously impair perception, reactions and driving ability, substantially increasing
the risk of an accident and personal
injury.
Do not
drive
if you are
tired,
ill or
under

emotional
stress.
The
following
points
are also
important
for
your
safety,
please
observe
them

all.
First
things
first...

• Turn the engine off before performing
any checks or repairs on the vehicle.
• Be sure tires are inflated correctly.

Check
for damage and
tire
wear.
• See
that
wheel bolts or nuts are pro­
perly tightened and not loose or missing.
• Check engine oil level, add if neces­

sary.
Make it a habit to have engine oil

checked
with
every fuel filling.
• Check coolant level to assure sufficient
engine cooling.
• Be sure you have a well charged
battery.
• Check brake fluid level. If too low, have
brake system checked.
• Replenish windshield washer fluid.
• Replace worn or cracked wiper blades.
• See
that
all windows are clear and un­
obstructed.
• Check whether all
light
lenses are

clean.
• Be sure all lights are working and head­
lights are aimed correctly.
• Check under vehicle for leaks.
• Make sure the movement of either

brake,
clutch or accelerator pedal is not hampered in any way.
• Be sure all luggage is stored securely.

You'll
find helpful hints on how to perform most of these checks in this manual. If in
doubt, have these checks performed by
your dealer or any other qualified
mechanic.

Emergency
equipment

It is good practice to carry emergency
equipment in your vehicle. Some of the
things you should have are: emergency
light,
first-aid kit, small shovel, and for the
winter
season,
an ice scraper, snow brush,
a
container or bag of sand or salt, etc.
70


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VEHICLE CARE

K >i

|B43-155|

Tire rotation If the
rear tires
are
worn more than
front

tires,
we
recommend
that
you
rotate
the
rear tires
with
the
front
tires
as
shown
in

the illustration.
By
doing this,
all
tires will
have
approximately the same service life.

Tires
should always remain on same
side
of vehicle

After rotation adjust
tire
pressure
and
torque wheel bolts/lug nuts diagonally
to
130
ft
lb/180
Nm.
Refer
to
"Changing
a

wheel"
on page 125
for
details.
Tire
wear

The
original tires
on
your vehicle have
built-in wear indicators. They
are
molded
into
the
bottom
of the
tread grooves
and

will appear
as
approximately
V6
inch (12 mm) bands when
the
tire
tread depth

wears
down
to Vie
inches
(1.6 mm).
Depending
on the
tire
manufacturer, there
are
six to
eight wear indicators evenly

spaced
around
the
circumference
of the

tire. Markings on the sides
of
the tires (e.g.
the letters "TWI"
or a
triangle) show
the
locations
of
the wear indicators.
When
the indicators appear in two
or
more
adjacent grooves,
it is
time
to
replace
the

tires.
We
recommend, however,
that
you

do
not let the
tires wear down
to
this
extent. Worn tires cannot grip
the
road

surface
properly, and are even
less
effec­
tive on wet roads.

WARNING
•
Do not drive
with
worn tires or tires

showing
cuts,
bruises
or other damage
because
they may lead to
sudden
defla­
tion
causing
loss
of
vehicle
control
and
personal
injury.

•
Since
worn tires do not grip the road

surface
properly when driving on wet
roads,
the vehicle may tend to aqua­
plane sooner. We strongly urge you to
replace your tires when the remaining
tread depth is .12
inches
(3 mm).

Incorrect
wheel
alignment
Incorrect wheel alignment
causes
exces­

sive
and
uneven
tire
wear impairing
the

safety
of the
vehicle.
If
you notice
exces­

sive
tire
wear, contact your Volkswagen

dealer.

115


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VEHICLE
CARE
General notes

The original equipment tires
and
wheel
rims
on
your
vehicle comply with
all

applicable
Federal Motor Vehicle Safety

Standards.

If you
wish
to
equip
your
vehicle with tires
or wheels other than those installed
at the

factory, please note
the
following:

•
If
you plan
to
install other than the
ori­

ginal
equipment tires
and
wheel rims,

ask
your
Volkswagen dealer.

•
For
technical reasons
it is not
possi­

ble
in
every
case
to use
wheels from
other vehicles
-
under certain condi­
tions
not
even wheels from
the
same
vehicle
model.

•
Wheel rims
and
wheel bolts
or lug

nuts are matched to fit
your
Volkswagen.

•
When installing different wheels
(for

example,
wheels with winter tires),
the

correct wheel bolts
or
lug nuts with
the
proper length
and
conical shape must
be used. The secure fit of the wheels and
the proper functioning
of the
brake system are dependent upon this.
•
Using tires and/or wheels which have
not been approved
by
the manufacturer
for
your
vehicle
type
can be detrimental
to vehicle safety.

•
If
wheel trim discs
or a
front
spoiler
are

installed,
make
sure the airflow for cooling
the brakes
is not
obstructed.

•
Before
you
plan
on
exchanging steel
wheels, light alloy wheels,
or
snow tires
already mounted on wheel rims, consult

your
Volkswagen dealer. He has the tech­
nical
information necessary
to
advise
you which wheel rims and wheel bolts
or
lug
nuts are compatible with the original
factory installations.
WARNING
•
The
use of the wheel rims and wheel
bolts
or
lug nuts that do not meet
speci­

fications
of the
original factory
install­

ed equipment will affect the safe oper­
ation
of
your
vehicle and may cause an
accident and personal
injury.
Tire specifications

Tire
specifications
are
imprinted
on the
sidewall
of
the tires.
If in
doubt, check with

your
Volkswagen dealer.

All
passenger car and some light trucks tires must conform
to
Federal Safety
Requirements
in
addition
to
these
grades.

Treadwear

The treadwear grade
is a
comparative
rating
based
on the
wear rate
of the
tire
when tested
on a
government test course. For example,
a
tire graded
150
would wear
one
and a
half
(IV2)
times
as
well
as a
tire
graded 100.
The
relative performance
of

tires depends
on
actual conditions
of use,
however,
and may
depart significantly
from
the
norm
due to
variations
in
driving
habits,
service practices
and
differences
in road characteristics and
climate.

Traction A, B, C

The traction grades, from highest
to
lowest,
are A, B and C and
represent
the

tire's ability
to
stop
on wet
pavement
as
measured
on
government test surfaces
of

asphalt
and concrete. Atire marked
C
may
have poor traction performance.


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HANGING
AWHEEL

DO-IT-YOURSELF-SERVICE

WARNING
•
If you have a flat tire, move a safe

distance
off the road.
Turn
off the
engine, the emergency flasher on and use other warning devices to alert
other motorists.

•
Passengers must not remain in the
vehicle when it is
jacked
up.

•
Make
sure that passengers wait in a

safe
place away from the vehicle and

well
away
from
the roadway
and
traffic.

•
Before you change a wheel, be sure
the ground is level and
firm.
If neces­
sary, use
a
board under the jack.

•
Set the parking brake and block the
wheel opposite the defective wheel on
the other side of the vehicle. Engaging

a
gear or placing the Automatic trans­
mission
selector lever in P (Park)
posi­

tion is not a substitute for fully setting
the parking brake.
Stepl

•
Take out the bag with jack and tools
from under the driver's seat.
Step 2
•
With the wheels
still
firmly resting on
the ground, remove the hub cap/wheel
cover of the defective wheel. Wheels with wheel cover

(left
illustration)

•
The wheel cover can be pulled off with
puller clip and lug wrench.
Wheels with hub cap
(right
illustration)

•
Remove chrome plated hub cap with
puller clip and lug wrench.
Insert
clip in
holes at rim of a hub cap. Put wheel
wrench through
clip,
brace one end of
wrench on wheel rim and pull lightly on
other end.
When you place the hub cap face down, you can use it as a
tray
for lug bolts
(front

wheels) or lug nuts
(rear
wheels).

125


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DO-IT-YOURSELF-SERVICE

Step
3
•
Loosen
wheel
nuts or bolts counter­

clockwise
about one turn with the lug

wrench.
Do not yet remove the nuts or
bolts.

To
loosen
- turn
counterclockwise

To
tighten - turn
clockwise

Step
4

There
are two jack ports on
each
side
under
the car
body
for front and
rear
wheel

changing
- see right illustration. [
B25-3)9|

WARNING
•
Mounting the jack at any other place
may damage the car or may result in
personal
injuries.

•
Provide a firm a base for the jack on
the ground. If
necessary,
use a board.

•
Securely
insert the jack into the jack

port
closest
to the
wheel
to be
changed.

•
Before
inserting jack,
clear
jack port.

•
Place
jack as straight as
possible,
as

shown.
Step
5
Never jack the vehicle up by the bu~
per or body.

Do
not raise the vehicle until you are

sure
the jack is securely engaged.

Passengers
must not remain in the
vehicle when jacked up.

•
Make sure
that
passengers
wait
in z
safe place away from the vehicle arc

well
away from the roadway and traffic

•
To raise the
vehicle,
turn the
har:T

clockwise.

Only
raise
the
vehicle
as
much
as
needed
to
change
a
wheel.

Step
6
WARNING Before installing the spare wheel, acc-
mulated road
dirt
must be remove:
from the inside and outside of the
wheel nut/bolt holes to assure a secure mount on front hub or rear drum.

126


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DO-IT-YOURSELF-SERVICE
• Fully unscrew wheel nuts or bolts and

dace
them into the hub cap. Take the top
nut or bolt off last.
Place
the spare wheel against the wheel hub and slightly rotate
:he wheel until a bolt hole in the wheel is in ine
with
a threaded stud in the wheel hub.

Reinstall
nuts or bolts and tighten them

crosswise
by hand before jacking the car

down.

Step
7 • To
lower
the vehicle,
turn
the handle

counterclockwise.
Step
8
• Then go crosswise from one nut or bolt
to another tightening them firmly
with
the lug wrench.
• Correct
tightness
of the
wheel
nuts
is

important.

• Correctly tightened nuts or bolts should

have
a torque of 130 ft lb/180 Nm. This
tor­

que can be obtained
with
the lug wrench by any person of average strength. If in
doubt about the correct tightness of the
wheel nuts, have them checked
with
a
tor­

que wrench by your dealer or at service
station.
Step
9
• To install the hub cap, place it around
the lower part of the wheel center. With a

firm
blow of your hand on the upper part,
the hub cap will snap into place. Make sure it is firmly seated.

Step
10 • Fully lower the vehicle and remove
jack.
• Correct the air pressure of the
tire
you

have
just
put on. For correct
tire
inflation

pressures,
see the sticker on the
left
door-
jamb.
• Store the jack and tools under the
driver's seat.
• Store damaged
tire
in spare wheel
metal plate under
front
of vehicle.
• Engage lock for metal plate and firmly

secure
plate
with
bolt.
• Have
flat
tire
repaired and replaced
promptly.
127


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