2016 AUDI S8 cooling

Warm and cold
IAUTO ! Switching auto matic mode on
Automatic mode ma intains a constant tempera­
ture inside the vehicle. Air temperature, airflow
and air distribution are cont rolled automatically.
Adjusting th e tempe rature
Tempe ratures between 60 °F (+16 °C) and 84 °F
(+28 °C) can be set. Outside of this range,
l o or hi
will appear in the climate control system disp lay.
At both of these settings, the climate control sys ­
tem runs continuously at maximum cooling or
heating power . There is no temperature regula­
tion .
~ Adjust ing th e airflo w
You can adjust the airf low manually to suit your
needs . To have the airflow regulated automati­
cally, press the
IAU TO I button.
~ Adjusting the air distribution
You can manually se lect the vents where the a ir
will flow. To have the a ir dist ribution reg ulated
automatically, press the
IAU TO I button.
[ti /~ * Adjusting Seat h eating /v entil ation *
Pressing the button switches the seat heating/
venti lation on at the h ighest setting (level 3) . The
L EDs indicate the temperature level. To reduce
the tempera ture, press the button aga in. To
switch the seat heating/ventilation off, press the
button repeated ly until the LED turns off.
Afte r 10 minutes, the seat heating/ventilation
automatically switches from level 3 to level 2 .
In vehicles without the four zone automat ic cl i­
mate control*, buttons in the rear center console
control the seat hea ting for both outer rear
seats*.
I @ FRONT I Switch th e defroster on /off
The windsh ield and s ide windows are defrosted
or cleared of condensation as qu ickly as possible .
The max imum amo unt of air flows ma inly from
the vents below the w indshield. Recircu lation
mode switches off. The temperature shou ld be
set to approximate ly 72 ° F (22 °C).
The
IAU TOI button switches the defroster off.
78
lliil REAR I Switch ing rear window he ater on /
off
The rear window heater only operates when the
engine is running . It switches off automatically
after 10 to 20 minutes, depending on the outside
temperature.
To prevent the rear window heater from switch­
i ng off automatica lly, press and hold the
ICiJ REARI
button for more than 2 seconds. This rema ins
stored until the ignition is sw itched off.
I SYNC ! Synchroni zation *
When synchronization is switched on, the set­
tings for the driver's side are applied to the front
passenger's side (except for seat heating/venti la ­
tion*). The rear seat is also synchroni zed in
vehicles with the 4-zone deluxe automatic cli­ mate control system*. Synchron izat ion sw itches
off if the sett ings a re adjusted on the front pas­
senger's s ide or in the rear*.
You can synchronize the sett ings in a row by
pressing and holding a knob . For example, to ap ­
ply the settings for the front passenger's side to
the d river's s ide, press and hold the knob o n the
front passenger 's side.
Air vents
You can open or close the center and rear vents in
the cockpit and the vents in the rear center con­
so le and doo r pillars us ing the ridged thumb­
whee ls. The levers adj ust the direction of the air­
flow from the vents.
_&. WARNING
- Do not use the rec irculat ion mode for ex­
tended periods of time . The windows could
fog up since no fresh air can enter the vehi­ cle. If the windows fog up, press the air re­
circulation button again immed iate ly to
sw itch off the a ir recircu lation function or
select defrost.
- Individuals w ith reduced sensit iv ity to pa in
or temperature could develop burns when
using the seat heating funct ion. To reduce
the risk of injury, these individuals should not use seat heating.
-

Trailer load distribution
Be sure the load in the trailer is held securely in
p la ce to prevent it from sh ifting forward, back­
ward or sideways.
Never allow a passenger to ride in a trailer¢.&.
in Driving instructions on page 204.
Engine cooling system
Towing a trailer makes the engine work harder . It
is important that the cool ing system's perform­
ance is up to the addit ional load. Make sure that
the cooling system has enough fluid.
Tire pressure
When towing a trailer, inflate the tires of your
veh icle to the cold tire pressure listed under "Full
load " on the label located on the driver's side B­
pillar (vis ible when the door is open). Inflate
trailer tires to trailer and tire manufacturers'
specif ications.
Lights
Check to make sure both vehicle and trailer lights
are working proper ly.
Safety chains
Be sure trailer safety chains are properly connect­
ed from the trailer to the hitch on the vehicle.
Leave enough slack in the chains to permit turn­
in g corners . When you install safety cha ins, make
sure they wi ll not drag on the road when you are
driving.
The chains should cross under the trailer tongue
to prevent it from dropping in case of separat ion
from the hitch.
Adjusting the Audi drive select
Make sure the vehicle is on a level surface before
hitching up the trailer and before adjusting the
tongue we ight. The vehicle must be in
auto or
comfort driving mode and not ra ised
¢ page 106, 9Q) .
Make sure that the vehicle is lowered. In Info­
tainment, select:
I CARI function button > lower
control button .
Trailer mode
If you must drive under poor road conditions, you
can raise the vehicle
after coupling the trailer or
after adjusting the tongue weight¢ page 108.
(D Note
-Changes in temperature or load can affect
the height of the vehicle.
- Always select auto or comfort mode. Other­
w ise, the tong ue load specified for your ve­
hicle will no longer be applicable .
Driving instructions
Driving with a trailer always requires extra care
and consideration.
T o obtain the best possible handling of veh icle
and trailer, p lease note the following:
.,. Do not tow a loaded trailer when your car itself
is not loaded.
.,. Be especially careful when passing other
vehicles.
.,. Observe speed limits.
.,. Do not drive at the maximum permissible
speed .
.,. Always apply brakes early.
.,. Monitor the temperature gauge.
Weight distribution
Towing a loaded tra iler with an empty car results
in a highly unstab le distribution of weight . If this
cannot be avoided, drive at very low speeds only
to avoid the risk of losing steering control.
A "balanced" rig is easier to operate and control.
This means that the tow vehicle shou ld be loaded
to the extent possib le and permissib le, while
keeping the trailer as light as possible under the
cir cumstances . Whenever poss ible, transfer
some cargo to the luggage compartment of the
tow veh icle while observing tongue load require­
ments and vehicle load ing conside rations.
Speed
The higher the speed, the more difficult it be­
comes for the driver to control the r ig. Do not
drive at the maximum permissible speed. Reduce
your speed even more if load, weather or wind .,._
203

Cooling system
Coolant
The engine coolant performs two functions: it
keeps the engine from overheating and it pro ­
tects the engine from freezing in the winter .
The cooling system is sealed and generally re­
quires little attention.
T he cooling system has been filled at the factory
with a permanent coolant which does not need to
be changed . The coolant consists of a mixture of
specially condit ioned water and the manufactur ­
er's glycol-based coolant additive Gl3 antifreeze
with anticorrosion additives (SO% for USA mod­
e ls; 60% for Canadian mode ls). This m ixture
both ass ures the necessa ry frost protection and
protects metal components in the engine's coo l­
ing system from corrosion and scaling .
It also
raises the boiling point of the coolant.
Do not red uce the concent ration of the coolant in
the summer by adding p lain water.
The propor­
tion of coolant addit ive mu st be at least 50 %
but not more than 60 %
to mainta in antifreeze
protection and cooling efficiency. If the coolant
frost protection is too low, the coolant could
freeze and damage the vehicle heating and en­
g ine cooling system .
For year-round driving, antifree ze is added at the
factory for temperatures down to :
- -31° F(- 3S°C)USA
- - 40 ° F ( - 40 °C) Canada.
If you must add coolant, use a m ixture of water
and coolant addit ive. M ixing the coolant additive
with d istilled water is recommended .
_& WARNING
Before you check anythi ng i n t he engine com­
partment, always read and heed all WARN ­
INGS
¢ .&. in Working in the engine compart­
ment on page 220 .
(D Note
-Befo re winter se ts in, have the coo lant
checked to see if the coolant additive in your
vehicle is sufficient to meet the cl imate con -
Check ing and Filling
ditions. This is especially important if you
live in a region where the winter is extreme­
ly cold. If necessary, increase the proportion
of coolant additive to 60%.
- When adding coolant additive to your cool­
ing system, remember :
- We recommend us ing only coolant add i­
tive Gl2+ + or Gl3 for yo ur vehicle. This
coolant addit ive is avai lab le at aut horized
A udi dealers . O ther types of antifree ze can
significantly reduce corrosion pro tect ion .
The resulting corrosion can cause a loss of
coolant and serious engine damage.
- Do not add any type of radiator leak sealant
to your vehicle's engine coolant. Adding ra ­
diator repair fluid may adversely affect the
function and performance of your cooling system and cou ld resu lt in damage not cov­
ered by your New Veh icle Limited Warra nty .
Checking the engine coolant level
The engine coolant level can be checked with a
quick glance.
Fi g. 2 01 Engin e compar tmen t: cover o n th e coo lant expan ­
sion t ank
Before you check anything in the engine compart­
ment,
always read and heed all WARNINGS
¢ A in Working in the engine compartment on
page 220 .
Park your vehicle on a level surface .
.,. Switch off the ignition .
.,. Read the engine coolant level from the coo lant
expansion tank
¢ fig . 201, ¢page 222. With a
cold engine, the coolant level should be be-
tween the "min" and "max" markings. When .,.
227

Checking and Filling
the engine is warm, the level may be slightly above the "max" marking.
The location of the coolant expansion tank can be
seen in the engine compartment illustration
¢ page 222.
To obtain an accurate reading, the engine must
be switched off.
The expansion tank in your vehicle is equipped
with an electric coolant level sensor.
When the coolant level is too low, the warning
light in the Auto-Check System¢
page 15 will il­
luminate until you add coolant and the level has
been restored to normal. Even though there is an
electric coolant level sensor, we still recommend
you check the coolant level from time to time .
Coolant loss
Coolant loss may indicate a leak in the cooling
system . In the event of coolant loss, the cooling
system should be inspected immediately by your
authorized Audi dealer.
It is not enough merely
to add coolant.
In a
sealed system, losses can occur only if the
boiling point of the coolant is exceeded as a re­
sult of overheating.
_& WARNING
The cooling system is under pressure and can
get very hot. Reduce the risk of scalding from
hot coolant by following these steps.
- Turn off the engine and allow it to cool
down.
- Protect your face, hands and arms from es­
caping fluid and steam by covering the cap
with a large, thick rag.
- Turn the cap slowly and very carefully in a
counter-clockwise direction while applying
light, downward pressure on the top of the
cap.
- To avoid being burned, do not spill anti­
freeze or coolant on the exhaust system or
hot engine parts. Under certain conditions,
the ethylene glycol in engine coolant can
catch fire.
228
(D Note
Do not add any type of radiator leak sealant
to your vehicle's engine coolant. Adding radia­
tor repair fluid may adversely affect the func­
tion and performance of your cooling system
and could result in damage not covered by
your New Vehicle Limited Warranty .
Adding coolant
Be very careful when adding engine coolant.
Before you check anything in the engine compart­
ment,
always read and heed all WARNINGS
¢.& in Working in the engine compartment on
page 220 .
.. Requirement: There must be a residual amount
of coolant in the expansion tank ¢(D .
.. Turn off the engine .
.. Let the engine cool down .
.. Place a thick rag over the coolant expansion
tank ¢
page 22 7, fig. 201 and carefully twist
the cap counter-clockwise ¢&, .
.,. Add coolant mixed in the correct ratio
r::!> page 22 7, Coolant up to the MAX marking.
.. Make sure that the fluid level remains stable.
Add more coolant if necessary .
.. Twist the cap on again
tightly.
Replacement engine coolant must conform to ex­
act specifications ¢
page 22 7, Coolant.
We recommend using only coolant additive G12+
+, G13 or in an emergency G12+ . Do
not use a
different additive. In an emergency use plain wa­
ter until you can get the correct additive and can
restore the correct ratio. This should be done as
soon as possible.
If you have lost a considerable amount of cool­
ant, then you should add cold antifreeze and cold
water only when the engine is cold.
Always use
new engine coolant when refilling.
Do not fill coolant above the "MAX" mark . Excess
coolant will be forced out through the pressure
relief valve in the cap when the engine becomes
hot.
~

& WARNING
-The cooling system is under pressure and
can get very hot. Reduce the risk of scald ing
from hot coolant by following these steps.
- Turn off the engine and allow it to coo l
down.
- Protect your face, hands and arms from
escaping flu id and steam by cover ing the
cap w ith a la rge, thick rag.
- Turn the cap slowly and very carefully in a
counter-clockwise d irection while applying
light, downward p ressure on t he top of
the cap.
- T o avoid bei ng bu rned, do not spill anti­
free ze or coo la nt on the e xhaust sys tem or
hot engi ne parts. Under certa in cond i­
tions, the ethylene glycol in eng ine cool ­
ant can catch fire .
- An tifreeze is poisonous. Always store anti­
freeze in its original con tainer and well ou t
of the reach of children.
- If you dra in the coolant, it m ust be ca ught
and safely stored in a proper conta iner
clearly marked "poison" .
(D Note
-Do no t add coolant if the expa nsion tank is
empty. Air cou ld enter the cooling sys tem
and damage the eng ine. If this is the case,
do not continue driving. Seek professional
ass istance.
- Coolant po llutes the environment and could
ca use an eng ine fire . Excess coolant will be
fo rced o ut through the pressure relief valve
i n the cap when the eng ine becomes hot.
- If, in an emergency, only wate r can be add­
ed, the correct ratio between water and an­
tifreeze¢
page 22 7 must be restored as
soon as possib le.
@) For the sake of the environment
Drained coolant sho uld not be reused. Always
dispose of used coolant while observing all
,...,
"' environmental regulat io ns. 0 J:
'SI: ,..., -
Ch eck ing and Filling
Rad iator fan
The radiator fan switches on automatically by it­
self .
The radiator fan is driven by the engine via the V­
belt. The v iscous clutch regulates t he speed of
the fan accord ing to the temperature of the cool­
ant .
An auxiliary e lectr ic radiator fan* sw itches on and
off depend ing o n coo lant temperature and other
vehicle operating conditions.
After you switch the engine off, the auxiliary fan
can continue ru nning for up to 10 m inutes -even
with the ignition off. It can even switch on aga in
later by itself¢,& , if
- the temperature of the engine coolant rises due
to the heat build-up from the engine in the en­
gine compartment, or
- the engine compartment heats up beca use the
veh icle is parked in intense sunlight.
& WARNING
- To reduce the r isk of persona l injury neve r
touch the radia to r fan .
- The auxiliary e lectr ic fan is temperature
controlled and can switch on s uddenly even
when the engine is not ru nning .
- The a uxiliary radiator fan sw itches on auto­
mat ically when the eng ine coolant reaches a
certa in temperature a nd will continue to run
until the coolant temperature d rops.
229

Child safety . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 168
Guidance fixtures for lower anchorages . . 182
Important safety instructions for using child
safety seats . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
171
Tether anchors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 184
Tether straps . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 184
Child safety lock
Rear doors (mechanical) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
39
Rear doors (power) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40
Ch ild safety seat
Unused safety belts on the rear seat
173
Child safety seats
Booster seats . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
176
Convertible child seats . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 174
H ow do I properly install a child safety seat
. h" l ? 171 in my ve 1c e . ................. ..... .
Infant seats . ................. ..... .
173
Installing a child restraint using the LATCH
system . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
183
LATCH system . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 183
Lower anchorages . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 181
Mounting and releasing the anchorage
hook . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
183
Safety instructions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 171
Child seats .. .. .. ........... .. .. ..... 173
Securing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 177
C leaning . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 206
Climate control system . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 76
Supplementary heater . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 79
Clock . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26
C losing
Panorama glass roof . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
43
Sunroof. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42
Sun shade (panoramic sunroof) . . . . . . . . . 44
Windows .. .. .. ............. .. .. .. .. 40
Coming home . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
48
Compact spare tire . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 257
Compartments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 73
Compass in the mirror . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 56
Compliance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 284
Consumer information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 281
Consumer Informat ion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 136
Consumption (fuel) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24
;:;:: Contacting NHTSA . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 136
0
~ Controls
~ Cleaning . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 208 Lil ,...., v:, ,....,
Index
Convenience key . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34
Starting the engine (START ENGINE ST OP
button) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
81
Stopping the engine (START ENGINE STOP
button) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
81
Switching the ignition on . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 81
Unlocking and locking vehicle . . . . . . . . . . . 34
Convertible child safety seats . . . . . . . . . . . 17 4
Convertib le locking retractor
Activating . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
179
Deactivating . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 180
Using to secure a child safety seat . . . . . . 179
Coolant
refer to Eng ine coolant
Cooler 227
Cleaning . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 209
Operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 4
Cooling mode (automatic climate control)
77
Cooling system Indicator light . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
15
Cruise control
Changing speed . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
89
Presetting your speed . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 89
Switching off . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 89
Switching on . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 88
(upholder . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 73
Current consumption . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24
Curve light . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 106
Cylinder management
refer to Cylinder on demand system . . . . . . 24
Cylinder on demand system . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24
D
Data recorder . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 189
Date display . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26
Daytime running lights . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46
Declaration of compliance
Adaptive cruise control . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
284
Audi side assist . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 284
Cell phone package . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 284
Convenience key . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 284
Electronic immobilizer. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 284
Homelink universal remote control . . . . . 284
Remote control key . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 284
Decorative parts/trim
Cleaning . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
208
287

Index
Trunk
refer to Luggage compartment lid . . . . . . . 36
Trunk escape hand le . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 256
Turn signals . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48
Warning/indicator lights . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22
u
U LSD No. 2 (Diesel fuel) ......... .... .. . 213
Unfastening safety belts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 143
Uniform t ire quality grading . . . . . . . . . . . . 253
Unlocking Luggage compartment lid . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36
Power locking switch . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35
Remote control . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33
Using the key . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35
V
Valet parking . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41
Vanity m irrors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53, 54
Veh icle
Care/cleaning . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 206
Vehicle control modules. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 189
Veh icle electrical system . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
Veh icle identification label . . . . . . . . . . . . . 277
Vehicle Identification Number (VIN) . . . . . . 277
Vehicle jack .. .. ... ........... 256, 261, 262
Veh icle shut-down . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 198
Veh icle tool kit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 256
Vehicle transport .... .. .. ... ... .. .. .. . 274
Ventilation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 76
Viny l
Cleaning . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 209
w
Warning/indicator lights
Ai rbag system . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18
Anti-lock braking system (ABS) . . . . . . . . . . 18
Brake system . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
Electromechanical parking brake . . . . . . . . 15
E lectronic power control . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19
Electronic Stabili zation Control (ESC) . . . . . 18
Generator . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
Glow plug system . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20
Malfunction Indicator Lamp (MIL) . . . . . . . 20
296
Safety belt . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16
Turn signals . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22
Warning/Indicator lights
A irbag system . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 156
PASSENGER AIR BAG OFF . . . . . . . . . . . . . 156
Warning triangle . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 256
Warranty coverages . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 281
Weights . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 277
What happens if you wear your safety belt too loose? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 142
What happens to unbelted occupants? . . . . 139
What impairs driving safety? . . . . . . . . . . . . 130
Wheel bolts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 251
Wheels ............................. 236
Cleaning . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 207
G lossary of tire and loading terminology . 238
Replacing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 259
Tires and vehicle load limits . . . . . . . . . . . 248
Wheel wrench . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 256
When must a safety belt be replaced? . . . . 140
When must the airbag system be inspected? .L56
Where are lower anchorages located? . . . . 181
Wild animal recogn ition . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 109
Window regulators . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40
Child safety lock . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40
Windows Cleaning/removing ice . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 208
defrosting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 78
Windshield Cleaning . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54
defrosting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 78
Windshield washer system . . . . . . . . . . 54, 234
Washer flu id level . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21
Windshield wipers
Cleaning . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55
Fo ldi ng up . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55
Ind icator light . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21
Replacing windshield wiper blades . . . . . . . 55
Switch ing on/off . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54
Winter driving
Snow cha ins . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 251
Tires . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 251
Winter operation
Car washes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 206
Cooling system . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 227
Defrosting windows . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 78
Removing ice from windows . . . . . . . . . . . 208