MANUAL TRANSMISSION OPERATION (IF EQUIPPED)
You can see the manual transmission shift patterns on either the shift
lever knob or the sun visor. Study this information carefully before you
drive your vehicle even though you may be familiar with similar units. Do
not attempt to drive your vehicle without knowing the exact shift pattern
of the transmission. Consult an authorized dealer if any questions exist
as to the shifting instructions posted in your vehicle.
Driving Hints
WARNING:Do not coast the vehicle with the clutch pedal
pressed or with the transmission in neutral. This practice could
result in loss of vehicle control.
The following driving hints are a brief, general guide in operating the
different manual transmissions used in your vehicle.
•When shifting into first gear or reverse with your vehicle standing
still, quickly release and press the clutch pedal (if necessary to
complete gear engagement).
•Always use the lowest (or most appropriate) gear to start your
vehicle.
•Always use a gear ratio low enough to allow the engine to operate
above the minimum engine operation speed range.
•Do not lug the engine.
•Do not slam or jerk the gearshift lever into gear.
•When more power is required, shift to a lower gear and accelerate
the engine near the governed speed.
To go forward, press the clutch pedal in and shift into first gear while
the engine is idling. Engage the clutch while pressing the accelerator to
start forward. Operate the clutch and upshift as required by driving
conditions.
To go backward, put the gearshift lever in reverse and engaging the
clutch while pressing lightly on the accelerator.
Shifting with a Synchronized Transmission
With the clutch pedal pressed in, use the second gear synchronizer to
stop the clutch disc rotation, this allows smooth engagement of first gear
or reverse. To complete the gear engagement, it may be necessary to
apply light pressure to the gearshift lever during initial engagement of
the clutch. It takes a second or two to match gear speeds; steady
pressure on the gearshift lever helps the synchronizer perform its job
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Position 1
•Provides maximum engine braking.
•Allows upshifts by moving gearshift lever.
•The transmission does not downshift into position1at high speeds; it
downshifts to a lower gear and then shifts into position1when your
vehicle reaches slower speeds.
Forced Downshifts
•Allowed in positionD.
•Press the accelerator to the floor.
•Allows transmission to select an appropriate gear.
Allison 2200 with Parking Pawl Feature
Note:Also, see the separateAllison Transmission Operator’s Manual.
WARNING:Always set the parking brake fully. Do not use the
gearshift in place of the parking brake.
WARNING: To avoid sudden, unexpected vehicle movement
and possible personal injury or death:
1. Bring the vehicle to a complete stop.
2. Shift the transmission into positionP.Slowly lift your foot from the
brake pedal to engage the transmission parking pawl mechanism.
3. Apply the parking brake and make sure it is holding properly. Do not
rely solely on the parking mechanism of the transmission.
4. Turn the engine off when you leave the vehicle.Never leave the
vehicle unattended when the engine is running.
A parking pawl effectively grounds the transmission’s output shaft
preventing rotation of the driveline. If your vehicle is stationary, selecting
positionPplaces the transmission in neutral and engages the parking
pawl. Always use the parking brake when parking your vehicle.
Note:If you select positionPwhen your vehicle is moving, the parking
pawl mechanism ratchets and does not hold the truck.
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Allison 2500
WARNING: To avoid sudden, unexpected vehicle movement
and possible personal injury or death:
1. Bring the vehicle to a complete stop.
2. Shift the transmission into positionN.
3. Apply the parking brake and make sure it is holding properly.
4. Turn the engine off when you leave the vehicle.Never leave the
vehicle unattended when the engine is running.
This transmission is available with a column-mounted gearshift lever. The
instrument cluster displays the gear positions.
Allison 3000
Note:For more information about this transmission, see the separate
Allison 3000 Series Operator’s Manual.
The Allison 3000 series offers two shift modes: Performance and
Economy.
Performance mode gives the best all-around transmission operation. The
transmission defaults to this mode when you start the engine. Pressing
MODE on the shifter switches to Economy mode and illuminates the
Mode ON lamp.
Economy mode provides operation at lower engine RPM while
maintaining adequate performance.
If the engine speed is above idle when a gear is selected using the
shifter, the vehicle does not move; the shifter must be moved to re-select
a gear after the engine speed returns to idle.
Torque Lock
If you park your vehicle on an incline without properly engaging position
P(by shifting into positionPbefore applying the parking brake), the
weight of the vehicle may generate an excessive amount of torque on the
parking pawl. This makes it difficult to shift the transmission out of
positionP.Hold the brake pedal down while shifting out of positionP,
then release the parking brake.
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Allison 3000 Series Push-Button Shifter
To shift to Reverse or Drive:
1. Press the brake pedal.
2. Press R or D on the shifter.
3. Release the brake pedal.
To select a higher range when in Drive,
press the up arrow button.
To select a lower range when in Drive,
press the down arrow button.
To place the transmission in Neutral, press
N.
Allison 3000 Prognostics
This transmission is equipped with the Allison Prognostics feature that
can alert the driver to needed transmission maintenance and
transmission fluid and filter life. See the separate Allison transmission
manual for complete details.
POWER TAKE-OFF (PTO) OPERATION (IF EQUIPPED)
A PTO unit allows the transmission to power auxiliary equipment to run
devices such as snowplows, aerial lifts, tow truck lifts, cement mixers or
dump trucks.
Vehicles Equipped with an Allison Automatic Transmission (Except
3000 Series)
You can operate the PTO while your vehicle is standing or moving. To
engage the PTO, apply the brakes and shift to any gear other than
positionN,then engage the PTO.
If the gear teeth not meshing properly prevent engagement, release the
brakes and allow your vehicle to creep slightly or shift the selector to
positionNand then back into gear. Never engage the PTO by clashing
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the gear teeth. This may damage the PTO unit and the transmission PTO
drive gear teeth, resulting in further damage to the transmission and
PTO.
PTO Operation with Vehicle Stationary
WARNING:When the PTO is operated with the vehicle
stationary, the transmission must be placed in positionNwith the
parking brake set. If the transmission is not in positionNand is
equipped with a remote throttle control, an increase in engine speed
can overpower the parking brake and cause the vehicle to move,
possibly resulting in personal injury and/or property damage.
Stop your vehicle, idle the engine and set the parking brake. Make sure
the gear selector is in any forward drive range, and then engage the
PTO. After engaging the PTO, move the range selector to positionN.
Increase the engine speed until reaching the desired PTO operation
speed. To disengage the PTO after operation with your vehicle standing,
release the throttle, allow the drive equipment to come to a stop, and
then disengage the PTO.
PTO Operation while Vehicle Is Moving
After engaging the PTO for driven vehicle operation, shift to the desired
range and drive your vehicle. The speed of the PTO, during this period
of operation, always maintains direct relation to vehicle speed. PTO
speed decreases in relation to vehicle (transmission output) speed as
shifts to a higher gear occur. When operating the PTO while your vehicle
is moving, the PTO may be disengaged whenever it is no longer required.
When there is no load on the PTO gear, you can pull it out of
engagement.
Vehicles Equipped with an Allison 3000 Series Automatic
Transmission
The PTO drive gear is engine-driven and provides direct engine power.
You can operate the PTO when your vehicle is either stationary or
moving. The PTO gear is in constant mesh with the drive gear in the
torque converter housing. A friction clutch or constant drive transmits
power to the PTO.
Vehicles Equipped with a Manual Transmission
Transmission-mounted PTO units are available for local installation on
your vehicle. See yourBody Builder’s Layout Bookfor restrictions on
use and installation of PTO units.
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We do not recommend, or approve, performing axle conversions.
However, we understand that, on occasion, others install aftermarket
add-on axles on the truck chassis that allow operator control for weight
transfer from other axles (such as air lift axles).
TWO-SPEED REAR AXLE (IF EQUIPPED)
WARNING:Never shift a two-speed axle when descending a
steep grade as this may cause loss of vehicle control and result in
personal injury.
Note:Do not shift between ranges when the speed control is on.
A two-speed rear axle allows the
driver to select a low range for
greater pulling power and a high
range for greater road speed and
fuel economy. You can also use
these ranges to provide extra steps
between transmission shifts when
driving on steep grades or fuel
economy may be factors.
Axle Shifting with a Manual Transmission
To downshift, select the next lower gear, release and press the
accelerator pedal rapidly, or while holding the accelerator pedal down,
release and engage the clutch rapidly.Note:Use the clutch method
when driving at slower speeds.
To upshift, keep the accelerator pedal down, select the next higher gear,
release the accelerator and pause until the axle upshifts.Note:
De-clutch for smoother axle upshifts when driving at slower speeds.
Axle Shifting with an Automatic Transmission
Note:You cannot split-shift with an automatic transmission. In addition,
downshifting above 40 mph (64 km/h) may result in transmission or axle
damage.
Note:Do not shift the axle to LOW with your vehicle is moving.
Use LOW when you drive a fully loaded vehicle on a severe grade or in
congested traffic. Press the upper portion of the switch.
Use HIGH for all normal driving conditions with a lightly loaded or
partially loaded vehicle. Press the lower portion of the switch.
2SPD
LOW
HIGH
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To shift the axle from LOW to HIGH with your vehicle stopped, place the
transmission in positionN,then press the lower part of the switch.
To shift the axle from LOW to HIGH with your vehicle moving, accelerate
to approximately 35 mph (56 km/h), press the lower part of the switch
while the transmission is in positionN,then release and apply the
accelerator.
To shift the axle from HIGH to LOW with the vehicle stopped, place the
transmission in positionN,then press the upper part of the switch.
Split-shifting (Combined Axle and Transmission Shift) (Manual
Transmission Only)
To downshift the axle to a slower ratio and shift the transmission, shift
the transmission and move the switch to the lower ratio before the
clutch is re-engaged.
To upshift the axle and shift the transmission, move the switch to a
faster ratio and make the transmission shift in the usual manner.
Split-shift Sequence
Ratio combination 1234567891011
Transmission gear 1st 1st 2nd 2nd 3rd 3rd 4th 4th 5th 6th 6th
Axle range LO HI LO HI LO HI LO HI LO LO HI
Ratio Extender Use
Low end:You can use a two-speed axle as a ratio-extender when
split-shifting is not necessary. For low end use, just shift the axle into
LOW to start out, and shift to HIGH when you longer need the extra
torque.
Transmission (5-speed) 1st 1st 2nd 3rd 4th 5th 6th
Two-speed axle Axle low Axle high
High end:To use the two-speed axle as a high-end ratio-extender, stay
in the LOW range for normal upshifts and only shift the axle to HIGH on
the freeway for greater road speed.
Transmission (5-speed) 1st 2nd 3rd 4th 5th 6th
Two-speed axle Low for gradeability Axle high
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HINTS ON DRIVING WITH ANTI-LOCK BRAKES
When the system is operating, the brake pedal pulses and may travel
further. Maintain pressure on the brake pedal. You may also hear a noise
from the system. This is normal.
The ABS does not eliminate the dangers inherent when:
•You drive too closely to the vehicle in front of you.
•Your vehicle is hydroplaning.
•You take corners too fast.
•The road surface is poor.
EXHAUST BRAKE (IF EQUIPPED)
WARNING:The exhaust brake is not recommended for use on
slippery or low traction road surfaces. Under these conditions a
loss of vehicle control could occur.
Note:Installing an exhaust or auxiliary brake does not necessarily
protect the engine from exceeding maximum governed speed. Use the
primary brakes to make sure the engine never exceeds maximum
governed speed under any conditions.
Note:Before starting the engine, make sure that the exhaust brake
switch is in the off position. Do not turn the exhaust brake on until the
engine has reached normal operating temperature.
Note:Maximum exhaust brake performance relates to the type of
transmission your vehicle has.
Note:Engine speed has a major influence of retarding performance.
When engine speed is stays at the maximum allowable level, the exhaust
brake operates at peak performance.
Note:Manual transmissions should be downshifted to the lowest gear
possible, without exceeding the maximum RPM limit of the engine. This
maximizes the exhaust brake’s retarding effect.
Note:Exhaust brakes operate effectively with automatic transmissions,
but performance varies with engine speed and the gear selected by the
transmission.
An exhaust brake is an auxiliary braking system that assists, but does
not replace, the primary service brake system. It helps control vehicle
speed; it is not a vehicle-stopping device.
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