Actuation of Trailer Park (Emergency) or Tractor Bobtail Position
To actuate the trailer brakes only, pull out the trailer air supply knob
(A). This applies the trailer brakes whether the trailer uses emergency
or spring brakes.
You can also use this mode when the tractor or truck with trailer is used
during bobtail operation.
PARKING BRAKE
Hydraulic Brakes
WARNING:Do not use the gearshift selector in place of the
parking brake. Always set the parking brake fully AND make sure
the gearshift selector is in positionRfor vehicles equipped with a
manual transmission or positionP (if equipped)orNfor vehicles
equipped with an automatic transmission. Use of wheel chocks is also
recommended in hilly or off-road usage. Unexpected and possible
sudden vehicle movement may occur if these precautions are not taken.
WARNING:If the parking brake is fully released but the parking
brake warning lamp remains illuminated, the brakes may not be
working properly. See your dealer or a qualified service technician.
Apply the parking brake whenever the vehicle is parked. To set the
parking brake, pull the handle up until it snaps into the locked position.
When the parking brake is out of adjustment, seek service immediately.
The parking brake warning lamp in the instrument cluster
illuminates, and remains illuminated (when you switch on the
ignition), until you release the parking brake.
B
A
P
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Note:Read and understand the following steps and perform them
whenever you prepare to drive the vehicle.
Note:The parking brake does not disengage unless sufficient system air
pressure is available.
If your vehicle is equipped with a dash-mounted push button (Allison
3000 Series) or steering column-mounted (Allison 2200 and 2500) gear
selector:
1. Press and hold the service brake pedal while the engine is running.
2. Select the appropriate drive gear.
3. Push and hold the yellow, dash-mounted parking brake knob until the
parking brake light turns off, then release.
If your vehicle is equipped with a manual transmission:
1. Press and hold the service brake pedal while the engine is running.
2. Press and hold the clutch pedal.
3. Select the appropriate drive gear.
4. Push and hold the yellow, dash-mounted parking brake knob until the
parking brake light turns off, then release.
Parking Brake Light Illumination Due to Low Air Pressure
If the air pressure becomes too low at any time during vehicle operation,
the parking brake may apply and the parking brake light turns on.
If the parking brake applies due to low air pressure, immediate service is
required to the parking brake system.
Parking Brake Warning System
If the parking brake light blinks and a tone sounds when pulling the
yellow control knob out, this indicates the parking brake is not
functioning properly. Seek service for the parking brake immediately.
With the ignition key not in the run position:
•A tone sounds if the parking brake remains released (or in an
unknown state). The tone stops in approximately eight minutes or
until the parking brake is applied. Seek service for the parking brake
immediately.
Diesel engines:Parking brake light operation (the light only works
when the ignition key is in the run position):
•On:Parking brake applied.
•Off:Parking brake released and no faults or malfunctions.
•Blink and tone:Parking brake released (or in an unknown state)
and faults or malfunctions exist.
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Air Brakes
WARNING:Do not use the gearshift selector in place of the
parking brake; unexpected and possible sudden vehicle
movement may occur if these precautions are not taken. Always set the
parking brake fully AND make sure the gearshift selector is in position
Rfor vehicles equipped with manual transmission or positionN(except
Allison 2200 transmission) orP(Allison 2200 transmission) for vehicles
with automatic transmission.
If the service brakes should fail to operate while your vehicle is moving,
you can make an emergency stop with the parking brake. Since the
parking brake only applies stopping power to the rear wheels, your
vehicle’s stopping distance greatly increases and the handling of your
vehicle is adversely affected. Make repairs immediately to an inoperative
air brake system circuit.
WARNING:This control is used for parking only. Do not leave
the vehicle unattended after setting the parking brake without
placing the transmission inpositionRfor vehicles equipped with manual
transmission or positionN(except Allison 2200 transmission) orP
(Allison 2200 transmission) for vehicles with automatic transmission.
Use of wheel chocks is also recommended in hilly or off-road usage.
Pull the yellow parking brake knob
out to apply the parking brake.
Push the knob in to release the
parking brake.
The parking brake light illuminates and remains illuminated
(when you switch the ignition to the on position) until you
release the parking brake.
Releasing Spring Brake with Air Pressure
The air system in all vehicles with spring-actuated rear wheel parking
brakes is equipped with a tank valve located on the supply or service air
tank for connection to an outside air supply. The valve lets you recharge
P
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•At temperatures of –4°F (–20°C) or below, it is recommended that
you use a crankcase-mounted coolant heater to improve cold engine
starting.
•If operating in arctic temperatures of –20°F (–29°C) or lower, consult
your truck dealer for information about special cold weather
equipment and precautions.
Hot Weather
•Use a permanent-type engine coolant to protect the engine against
damage from overheating.
•Fill the fuel tank at the end of daily operation to prevent
condensation in the fuel system.
•Keep external surfaces of the engine, radiator, charge air cooler, air
conditioning condenser and accessories clean to avoid dirt build-up.
•You may experience above normal coolant temperatures while driving
in a transmission gear ratio that lugs the engine. To correct this
problem, increase engine speed by downshifting into the next lower
gear.
STEERING
Your vehicle is equipped with power steering. Power steering uses energy
from the engine to decrease the driver’s effort in steering your vehicle.
To help prevent damage to the power steering pump:
•Never hold the steering wheel to the extreme right or the extreme
left for more than a few seconds when the engine is running.
•Do not operate your vehicle with the power steering pump fluid level
below the ADD mark on the MAX COLD side of the power steering
reservoir dipstick.
•Some noise is normal during operation. If the noise is excessive,
check for low power steering pump fluid level before seeking service
by an authorized dealer.
•Low power steering pump fluid levels may cause heavy or uneven
steering efforts. Check the power steering pump fluid level before
seeking service from an authorized dealer.
•Do not fill the power steering pump reservoir above the FULL mark
on the MAX HOT side of the power steering reservoir dipstick, as this
may result in leaks from the reservoir.
If the power steering system breaks down (or if the engine is turned
off), you can steer your vehicle manually, but it takes more effort.
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Towing the Vehicle with the Front Wheels Suspended
Note:To avoid transmission damage, do not tow your vehicle even a
short distance without suspending rear wheels or removing the axle
shafts or driveshaft.
Note:When towing a vehicle equipped with a tandem axle from the
front, raise the forward rear axle so it can clear the road surface and
secure it to the frame with chains or U-bolts, allowing only the rear rear
axle to contact the road surface. Remove axle shafts from the rear rear
axle assembly. Cover the wheel hub ends to prevent loss of axle lubricant
and entrance of contaminants. Use extreme care in securing the chains
or U-bolts to avoid possible damage to the brake lines, hoses or other
components.
When it is necessary to tow a vehicle with the front wheels suspended,
take extra precautions to avoid transmission or differential damage:
•Remove the axle shafts from the axle assembly to prevent the wheels
from driving the differential and the transmission.
•Cover the wheel hub ends to prevent loss of axle lubricant and
entrance of other contaminants. If you do not remove the axle shafts,
removal of the driveshaft is required.
Towing the Vehicle with the Rear Wheels Suspended
Note:To avoid damage to the cab roof or air deflector when towing your
vehicle backward (rear wheels suspended), remove the air deflector.
Whenever possible, it is preferable to tow a disabled vehicle from the
rear by raising the rear of the chassis. When towing a vehicle with the
rear of the chassis suspended, you must lock the front wheels in the
straight-ahead position.
Vehicles equipped with a manual transmission must have at least 1.0 pint
(0.5 liter) of transmission fluid drained from the case. This prevents the
transmission fluid from entering the clutch housing and saturating the
clutch discs. Make sure to replace the transmission fluid before returning
your vehicle to service.
Towing Vehicles Equipped with a Driver-controlled Differential
Lock
Note:If you have to tow your vehicle to a service facility with the drive
axle wheels on the ground, it is necessary to remove the axle shafts
before towing your vehicle.
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Quality service parts are available through an authorized dealer. If dealer
parts are not used, make sure the replacement parts are of equivalent
quality.
WARNING:The use of inferior parts can adversely affect the
quality and reliability of your vehicle which, in turn, can result in
property damage, personal injury or death.
To avoid damage to your vehicle’s electrical components before electric
welding:
•Disconnect both battery cables.
•Attach the welder ground cable as close as possible to the part being
welded.
•We recommend temporarily removing the component if welding close
to an electrical component.
Follow the checks and services in theScheduled Maintenancechapter.
Have an authorized dealer or service center inspect your vehicle at least
once a year. Remember that regular maintenance and inspections usually
prevent serious problems from developing later.
If the owner or operator of the vehicle is a skilled technician and intends
on performing the vehicle maintenance and service, he is strongly urged
to purchase a service manual.
Electrical System
Periodically inspect electrical connectors on the outside of the cab and
on the engine and frame for corrosion and tightness. Exposed terminals,
such as the fuel sender, cranking motor, alternator and feed-through
studs, should be cleaned and re-coated with a lubricant sealing grease
such as Motorcraft Silicone Brake Caliper Grease and Dielectric
Compound XG-3, or equivalent. This should include the ground cable
connector for batteries, engine and cab as well as the jump-starting stud.
Accessory Feed Connections
Vehicle electrical systems are complex and often include powertrain
components, such as engine and transmission controls, instrument panels
and ABS. While most systems operate on battery voltage (12 volts),
some systems can be as high as 90 volts or as low as five volts. See the
Electrical Circuit Diagram Manuals,available from your vehicle’s
manufacturer, to make sure that any extra body lights and accessory
connections to circuits are both appropriate and not overloaded. Do not
make modifications to any vehicle control system without first contacting
an authorized dealer.
198Maintenance
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OPENING AND CLOSING THE HOOD
WARNING:The parking brake must be fully set before opening
the hood or possible personal injury may occur.
WARNING:To reduce the risk of the possibility of personal
injury, never stand beneath the hood when it is being raised or
lowered.
WARNING:If you must leave the engine running while checking
under the hood, do not allow any loose clothing, jewelry, hair or
other items to get near moving engine components or possible personal
injury may occur.
A latch located on each fender holds the hood and fenders in position.
Before opening the hood, set the parking brake, shift into positionN
(automatic transmission) or first (manual transmission) and turn the
engine off.
To open the hood:
1. Lift up on the bottom of each latch.
208Maintenance
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When Fail-Safe Mode Turns On
WARNING:Never remove the coolant reservoir cap while the
engine is running or hot.
Note:Driving your vehicle without repairing the engine problem
increases the chance of engine damage. Take your vehicle to an
authorized dealer as soon as possible.
You have limited engine power when in the fail-safe mode, so drive your
vehicle with caution. Your vehicle is not able to maintain high-speed
operation and the engine runs rough. Remember that the engine is
capable of completely shutting down automatically to prevent engine
damage; therefore:
1. Pull off the road as soon as safely possible and turn off the engine.
2. Have your vehicle taken to an authorized dealer.
3. If this is not possible, wait a short period for the engine to cool.
4. Check the coolant level and replenish if low.
5. Restart the engine and take your vehicle to an authorized dealer.
TRANSMISSION FLUID CHECK
Allison Automatic Transmissions
See yourAllison Automatic Transmission Operator’s Manualfor
scheduled transmission fluid checks and change intervals. Your
transmission does not consume fluid. However, you should check the
fluid level if the transmission is not working properly. For example, if the
transmission slips or shifts slowly or if you notice some sign of fluid
leakage.
Automatic transmission fluid expands when warmed. To obtain an
accurate fluid check, drive your vehicle until it is at normal operating
temperature, approximately 20 miles (30 kilometers). Verify that the
transmission fluid temperature gauge, located on the instrument cluster,
is within the normal range.
1. Drive your vehicle 20 miles (30 kilometers) or until it reaches normal
operating temperature.
2. Park your vehicle on a level surface and engage the parking brake.
3. With the engine running, parking brake engaged and your foot on the
brake pedal, move the gearshift lever through all of the gear ranges.
Allow sufficient time for each gear to engage.
4. Latch the gearshift lever in positionNorPand leave the engine
running.
5. Remove the dipstick, wiping it clean with a clean, dry, lint-free rag.
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