2013 PORSCHE 911 CARRERA ESP

3839
Temperament
|
Engines
To give more and take less.
That’s Porsche engineering.

Engines.
You could ask whether the sports car is
still relevant. It would be a good question,
but you might as well ask the same of
dreams.
The answer to both questions lies in the
future or, to be more precise, in the future
of the sports car. In the 911, the future
is already here. The highly efficient, state ­
of­the ­art engines make a considerable
contribution to the comparatively low fuel
consumption, but their sound is still
unmistakably Porsche.
The 911 engines are also unmistakably
sport y thanks to the SPORT but ton fit ted
as st a n d a rd . At the push of a but ton, the engine be
­
comes tuned for a sharper response
and engine dynamics that are even more
direct.
The 3.4 ­litre engine of the 911 Carrera
models demonstrates, therefore, that
performance and efficiency need not be
mutually exclusive. Rather, the downsized
engine capacity and increased maximum
torque are the intelli
gent basis by which
power output can be increased in an
environmentally acceptable and sustain­
able way. Fuel consumption and CO
2
emissions have been reduced by up to
16 % compared with the previous model. In their search for improved efficiency,
our engineers analysed an extensive series
of engine components. Answers were
found, including rapid heating of the
engine and gearbox to normal operating
temperature after an engine start by the
thermal management system, improved
air induction and extremely effective
direct fuel injection (DFI).
The same principle applies to the 3.8 ­litre
engine in the 911 Carrera S models.
There has been no change in displace ­
ment since the previous model, but
po wer output has been increased while
fuel consumption has been reduced by
up to 15 %. Weight is critical to efficiency. This is

why the engines have a light­alloy
construction, making them lightweight
and yet structurally rigid. The result
is comparatively low fuel consumption
and a long service life.
The engine is the intelligent core of our
identit y. What else could the ‘Dr. Ing.’ in
our company name possibly stand for?
For fuel consumption and CO
2 emissions, please refer to pages 143/145.

462135
7R
5051
Porsche Doppelkupplung (PDK).
Available as an option for all 911 Carrera
models is 7­speed PDK, featuring manu ­
al and automatic modes. It facili
tates
extremely fast gear changes
with no
interruption in the flow of power, whilst at
the same time improving acceleration
and fuel efficiency. In total, PDK has seven gears at its dis
­
posal. Gears 1 to 6 have a sports ratio
and top speed is reached in 6th gear.
7th
gear has a long ratio and helps to

reduce fuel consumption by keeping
engine revs low.
PDK is essentially t wo gearboxes in one
and thus requires t wo clutches. This
double ­clutch arrangement provides an
Porsche Doppelkupplung (PDK)
alternating, non ­positive connection
bet ween the t wo half gearboxes and the
engine by means of t wo separate input
shafts.
The flow of power from the engine is
transmit ted through one half gearbox and
one clutch at a time, while the next gear
is preselected in the second half gearbox. During a gear change, therefore, one
clutch simply opens and the other closes
at the same time, enabling gear changes
to take place within milliseconds.The effect is instant. Driving feels even
sportier and more dynamic, and agility

is increased. Depending on the gearshift
programme (SPORT button activated
Temperament | Transmission
or deactivated), the gear change is opti ­
mised for comfort or for sport y driving.
With the optional Sport Chrono Package,
PDK is enhanced by the ‘Launch Control’
and ‘motorsport ­derived gearshif t strategy’
functions (p. 67).
Coasting.
The ‘coasting’ function available with
Porsche Doppelkupplung (PDK) enables
you to save even more fuel where the
situation allows. The engine is decoupled
from the transmission to prevent deceler ­
ation caused by engine braking. In this
way, optimum use is made of the vehi ­
cle’s momentum, allowing it to coast for
longer distances.
For example, you may want to slow down
from 62 mph to 49 mph in anticipation
of the change of speed limit ahead. As
soon as you release the accelerator
pedal, PDK deselects the current gear auto
matically and you begin to coast
in neutral until you have reached your
desired speed. The moment you engage
the accelerator or brake pedal, PDK
selects the appropriate gear smoothly
and seamlessly within a fraction of a
second. In short, driving in coasting mode makes
a real impact on fuel consumption without
any need for compromise on comfort or
sporty performance.
Another way to reduce fuel consumption is
to utilise the coasting function on downhill
gradients that are gentle enough for you

to maintain a constant speed. Efficient on
long journeys, such as on the motorway,
PDK remains ready to respond as swiftly
and precisely as you would expect.
For fuel consumption and CO2 emissions, please refer to pages 143/145.

5253
T
emperament
| Transmission
It is possible to have a lot of power and
yet not be able to move any thing. Only
by using your power intelligently will you
truly progress – and with consummate
ease.
Enhanced Porsche Traction Management
(PTM) is standard on all 911 Carrera
all ­wheel ­drive models. It is an active all ­
wheel ­drive system with an electronically
variable map ­controlled multi ­plate clutch,
automatic brake differential (ABD) and
anti ­slip regulation (ASR). Drive power is distributed bet ween the
permanently driven rear axle and the
front axle by means of the electronically
variable multi
­plate clutch.
The status of the vehicle is continuously
monitored so that it is possible to respond
to different driving situations. Sensors
are used to collect a range of data, includ­
ing the rotational speed of all four wheels,
the lateral and longitudinal acceleration
of the car and the current steering angle.
If, for example, the rear wheels begin
to lose traction under acceleration, a
greater proportion of the drive power
is automatically transmit ted to the front
axle by a more positive engagement of
the multi ­plate clutch. In addition, ASR
prevents wheel spin by adapting the
engine’s power output. During cornering,
the optimal level of drive power is dis­
tributed to the front wheels to ensure
excellent lateral stability.

In conjunction with Porsche Stability
Management (PSM), PTM helps to ensure
the perfect distribution of drive power for
optimum traction in most road scenarios,
whether on long straights, through tight
corners, or on surfaces with different
friction coefficients.
Far better than a power struggle
is power interplay.


Porsche Traction Management (PTM).

5657
Temperament

| Chassis and body
Engineered design.
The innovative bodyshell of the 911 fulfils
t wo structural design requirements: first,
excellent driving dynamics due to the
body’s extremely high rigidit y; second,
a vehicle weight saving of up to 65 kg
primarily as a result of the intelligent
lightweight construction. To meet the second requirement, we
employed state
­of­ the ­art techniques for
combining various materials in order
to utilise specific material properties
exactly where they are needed.
For the bodyshell, therefore, we used
very thin, but nevertheless extremely
rigid, sheets of steel. Aluminium and magnesium were used extensively in
areas such as the roof, underbody, front
end, doors, rear wings and engine com
­
partment and luggage compartment lids.
Magnesium, which is a particularly light ­
weight material, was also selected for
the cockpit and centre console support
beam and, in the Cabriolet models, the
hood shell elements. Such material effi ­ciency is key to reducing the overall
weight and, as a result, fuel consumption
of the vehicle.
For the driver, this intelligent blend

of materials reduces the weight of the
vehicle and offers a high level of comfort
thanks to excellent vibration ­damping
characteristics and particularly high com ­
posite rigidit y, an increase in dynamic
torsional stiffness of up to 25 % compared
with that of the previous model, and
even
sportier handling despite a further
improvement in the weight to power ratio.
The longer wheelbase improves comfort
as well as straight ­line accuracy and
driving stabilit y at high speeds and in
fast corners.

Front and rear axles.
The independent suspension at the front
features a light weight spring ­strut axle
with longitudinal and transverse links and
cross members that have been refined
for stiffness. Each front wheel is precisely
located, ensuring excellent directional stability, superior handling and reduced
pitching under braking, and the wide
track optimises turn
­in.
The rear axle is equipped with a
motorsport ­derived multi ­link suspension
and chassis subframe. Refined axle
kinematics for improved longitudinal
damping reduce acceleration squat and increase comfort. Light weight spring
struts further enhance agilit y.
The high proportion of aluminium used in
the construction of the axles reduces the
weight of the vehicle and of the unsprung masses, helping to improve fuel economy,
comfort and agility.
Rear axle of the 911 Carrera S
Front axle of the 911 Carrera S
Aluminium
Deep
­drawn steels
Multiphase steels
Super ­high ­strength micro ­alloyed steels
Boron ­alloyed steels

6667
Temperament

| Chassis and body
Electromechanical power steering.
Another possible definition of efficiency
is a system that works only when it is
needed, and then does so in a particularly
effective way.
This was the guiding principle for our
engineers in the development of the electromechanical power steering. Statis
­
tics show that a car drives in a straight
line 90 % of the time. Unlike conventional
hydraulic pumps, the electric motor uses
energy only when the steering wheel is
actually turned. The absence of hydraulic
fluid also makes the system more
bene ficial to the environment.
As far as the other 10 % is concerned, we’re
optimally prepared as the steering system
is t ypically Porsche. It features a variable
steering ratio and responds sensitively
and directly at the same time as providing
customary agility, a high level of comfort
and precisely selected feedback from the
road. Our definition of efficient.Power steering Plus.
Power steering Plus, the comfort ­enhancing
power steering system, is available as an
option for the 911 Carrera models. At high
speeds, the steering is as firm as possible,
ensuring maximum precision whilst steer ­
ing comfort remains as high. At low speeds,
the
steering ratio of Power steering Plus
adjusts for much easier manoeuvring and
parking.
SPORT button.
Fit ted as standard, the SPORT button
enables you to select a suspension setup
where the emphasis is on either comfort
or sport y performance. At the push of a
button, the electronic engine management
system switches the engine mapping to
offer an even sharper response and
engine dynamics that are more direct.
In vehicles with Porsche Doppelkupplung
(PDK), upshifts take place at higher
engine speeds and downshifts happen
sooner. In addition, coasting mode and
the auto start/stop function are automati ­
cally deactivated. If fitted, the optional
sports exhaust system is also activated
automatically.
Sport Chrono Package.
The Sport Chrono Package including
dynamic engine mounts is available
as an option. This integrated system
provides simultaneous enhancement for
the chassis, engine and transmission.
Included in the package are a performance
display, a digital and an analogue stop ­
watch and the SPORT PLUS but ton. An
additional display in the steering wheel
and instrument cluster indicates whether
the SPORT but tons and Launch Control
have been activated.
Every day can be sports day.

Additional performance enhancement systems.

6869
Temperament

| Chassis and body
On activation of SPORT PLUS mode,
Porsche Active Suspension Management
(PASM) and, in the 911 Carrera S models,
optional Porsche Dynamic Chassis Control
(PDCC) switch to a harder damping set
­
ting and offer more direct steering and,
therefore, better road holding.
In SPORT PLUS mode, the trigger thresh­
old for PSM is raised. Agilit y is perceptibly
enhanced when braking for corners with
PSM, allowing sportier braking and exit
acceleration. For maximum dexterit y, PSM
can be set to standby while the car is
still in SPORT PLUS mode. For safet y, it
is set to intervene automatically only
when ABS assistance is required on both
the front wheels.
In combination with PDK, the Sport
Chrono Package has t wo additional

functions for a sport y drive that borders
on a motorsport experience. The first

is ‘Launch Control’, which can be used on the track to achieve the best possible
standing start – a racing start.
The second function is the ‘motorsport
­
derived gearshif t strategy’. Using this,
Porsche Doppelkupplung (PDK) is geared
up for extremely short shift times and
optimum shift points for the maximum acceleration available. This combination
of uncompromising and involving perfor
­
mance is ideal for the racetrack.
A key component of the Sport Chrono
Package is the stopwatch mounted on
the dashboard. In conjunction with the
standard PCM, a special performance
display enables you to view, store and
evaluate lap times or other driving
times. It shows the total driving time,
lap distance, lap number and lap times
re c o rde d s o f a r.
A feature of the Sport Chrono Package
borrowed from motorsport is the dynamic
engine mounts. These exploit the laws

of physics for your own driving pleasure.
Dynamic engine mounts.
You don’t have to take the 911 onto the
racetrack. But you can, more so than
ever, because dynamic engine mounts
are now included as part of the Sport
Chrono Package.
The electronically controlled system mini­
mises the oscillations and vibrations of the
entire drivetrain, especially the engine, and
combines the benefits of a hard or soft
engine mounting arrangement.
A hard engine mounting delivers optimum
dynamic performance because it offers
the highest degree of handling precision
possible. Soft engine mounts, on the
other hand, minimise oscillations and
vibrations. While comfort is improved on
uneven road surfaces, this comes at

the expense of dynamic performance.
Our engineers have solved this problem
by enabling the engine mounts to adapt
their stiffness and damping properties to
changes in driving st yle and road surface
conditions. This has been achieved by
use of a fluid with magnetic properties in
interaction with an electrically generated field. For the driver, the results are tangi
­
ble. Handling is perceptibly more stable
under load change conditions and in
fast corners. Whenever a less assertive
driving st yle is adopted, the dynamic
engine mounts provide a higher level of
comfort.

7071
Wheels.
The 911 Carrera models are equipped
with 19­inch Carrera wheels as standard.
These are light weight alloys featuring a
classic sport y design. Tyre sizes are
235/40 ZR 19 and 285/35 ZR 19 at the
front and rear, respectively. All ­wheel ­
drive models are fit ted with even wider
295/35 ZR 19 t yres at the rear. The S models are equipped with light
­
alloy 20­inch Carrera S wheels as
standard. The visual effect is sport y and
dynamic. The t yres are slightly wider
to cope with the increased power output
of these models: 245/35 ZR 20 at the
front, 295/30 ZR 20 at the rear. All ­wheel ­
drive models have 305/30 ZR 20 t yres
at the rear.
The large t yre size improves both ride
comfort and track performance. Rolling
resistance, dry braking distances and t yre
weight are all comparatively low, thereby
helping to reduce fuel consumption.
A selection of 20 ­inch wheels is available
in our range of options.Tyre Pressure Monitoring (TPM).
Tyre Pressure Monitoring (TPM) is avail­
able on request. This safet y system sends
warnings to the on ­board computer’s
display screen in the event of low t yre
pressure or a gradual or sudden loss
of pressure. The individual pressures
in all four t yres can be displayed in the
instrument cluster.
Porsche Stability Management (PSM).
As standard, the 911 Carrera models are
equipped with enhanced Porsche Stability
Management (PSM), which maintains sta ­
bilit y even at the limits of dynamic driving
performance. Sensors continuously moni­
tor the direction, speed, yaw velocit y and
lateral acceleration of the car. Using this
information, PSM is able to calculate the actual direction of travel at any given
moment. If the car begins to oversteer or
understeer, PSM applies selective braking
on individual wheels to restore stabilit y.
Under acceleration on wet or low ­grip
road surfaces, PSM improves traction
using the automatic brake differential
(ABD) and anti ­slip regulation (ASR).
When the SPORT PLUS mode of the
optional Sport Chrono Package is selected,
the PSM threshold is raised to allow a
sportier driving st yle.
For an even more dynamic experience,
you always have the option to deactivate
PSM. It is automatically reactivated,

for your safet y, only if you brake harder
and either of the front wheels (in SPORT
PLUS mode, both of the front wheels) requires ABS assistance. ABS and ABD,
however, remain active at all times.
PSM therefore offers a high level of

driving stability and safety combined
with extraordinary agilit y. It ’s an

apparent contradiction in terms, but an
intrinsic part of the Porsche identit y.
19
­inch Carrera wheel
(standard on the 911 Carrera models)
20 ­inch Carrera S wheel
(standard on the 911 Carrera S models)911 Carrera 4 Cabriolet with 20 ­inch Carrera Classic wheels
Temperament | Chassis and body
For fuel consumption and CO2 emissions, please refer to pages 143/145.

7273
Temperament

| Chassis and body
PTV in conjunction with the manual gear­
box, or PT V Plus with Porsche Doppel ­
kupplung (PDK), are available as options
for the 911 Carrera models and standard
in the 9 11 Carrera S models. Both systems
actively enhance vehicle dynamics and
stability. Operating in conjunction with a
mechanical (PT V) or electronic (PT V Plus)
rear differential lock, they work by
braking the rear wheels as the situation
demands.
As a function of steering angle and steering
speed, accelerator pedal position, yaw
rate and vehicle speed, PT V and PT V Plus
are able to improve steering response

and steering precision by specific braking
of the right or left rear wheel. To be more precise, this means that when
the car is driven assertively into a corner,
moderate brake pressure is applied to the
inside rear wheel. Consequently, a greater
amount of drive force is distributed to the
outside rear wheel, inducing an additional
rotational pulse (yaw movement) around
the vehicle’s vertical axis. This results in

a direct and sport y steering action as the
car enters the corner.
At low and medium vehicle speeds, PT V
and PT V Plus significantly increase agilit y
and steering precision. At high speeds
and when accelerating out of corners,
the rear differential lock ensures greater
driving stability. With PTV, the differential
lock is regulated mechanically; with

Attack the corners.
Maintain good posture.

Porsche Torque Vectoring (PTV) and
Porsche Torque Vectoring Plus (PTV Plus).
PT V Plus, it is regulated electronically and
the torque distribution is infinitely varia ­
ble. Whichever system is fit ted, it interacts
with Porsche Stabilit y Management (PSM)
to improve driving stabilit y on a range of
surface conditions, including the wet and
snow.
For the driver, this means remarkable
stability, easier handling and outstanding
traction as well as greater agilit y at every
speed with precise steering and stable
load transfer characteristics. What else?
Unrivalled driving pleasure at every t wist
and turn.