2012 SSANGYONG KORANDO instrument cluster

01-18
A. Indicators on instrument cluster
C. HECU assembly
The HECU assemblies for ABS and ESP have
similar appearance but they have different inner
structure and connector connections from each
other. D. Front brake assembly
The disc brake for 4WD vehicle is the same with
the one for 2WD vehicle.
7. BRAKE SYSTEM AND ESP SYSTEM LAYOUT
B. Master cylinder assembly
Description for master cylinder in this chapter is
based on ABS/ESP equipped vehicle. For CBS,
there is an extra pressure valve mounted to the
master cylinder.
CaliperDisc
Parking brake
warning light
ABS warning lamp
ESP indicator

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To select the winter mode, press the mode
switch. The winter mode indicator (W) in the
instrument cluster comes on. To return to
standard mode, press the switch again. The
indicator goes out. Use this mode to drive off
smoothly on an icy and slippery road.
3. MODES AND FUNCTIONS
1) Mode Switch
2) M Mode (Manual Mode)
This allows the driver to define the highest
possible gear by selecting “+” or “-” on the
gear selector when the lever is in the “M”
position. When the lever is first moved to the
manual “M” position the transaxle will select
the lowest possible gear.W: Winter mode (pressed "OUT") ▶
Use the standard mode in normal driving
condition. S: Standard mode (pressed "IN") ▶

02-12
1st Gear State ▶
The 1st gear state will display on the
instrument cluster. Unlike the normal 1st gear,
engine braking will be available in this manual
1st state. -
2nd Gear State ▶
The 2nd gear state will display on the
instrument cluster. 2-1 automatic kick-down
shifts are available. 2nd gear has engine
braking available. -
3rd Gear State ▶
The 3rd gear state will display on the
instrument cluster. 3-2 and 3-1 automatic
kick-down shifts are available. 3rd gear has
engine braking available. -
4th Gear State ▶
The 4th gear state will display on the
instrument cluster. 4-3 and 4-2 automatic
kick-down shifts are available. 4th gear has
engine braking available. -
5th Gear State ▶
The 5th gear state will display on the
instrument cluster. 5-4 and 5-3 automatic
kick-down shift is available. 5th gear has
engine braking available. -
6th Gear State ▶
The 6th gear state will display on the
instrument cluster. 6-5 and 6-4 automatic
kick-down shifts are available. 6th gear has
engine braking available. -
STD type
SVC type

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4. LIMP HOME MODE
When the transaxle is defective ▶
In the event of a system fault, the TCU also provides for failure mode effect control (FMEC) to maintain
maximum functional operation of the transaxle.
In the event of a total loss of control or electrical power, the basic transaxle functions (Park, Reverse,
Neutral and Drive) are retained. The 4th and reverse gear ratios with the torque converter clutch in the
unlocked state are the retained gear states the hydraulic system supports without any electrical
assistance.
The TCU communicates with other vehicle electronic control modules by the controller area network
(CAN). If a major fault develops, the transaxle may automatically operate in a "limp home" (failure)
mode to enable the vehicle to be driven to an authorized dealer for repair.
The TCU also provides for transaxle diagnostics, which meet the requirements of OBD II legislation,
monitoring all components which may effect vehicle emissions. 1.
2.
3.
4.
When the transaxle overheats ▶
Limp home mode may also be engaged if the battery charge falls below 8V.
If the transaxle overheats, the shift patterns will automatically change to enable improved transaxle
cooling.
During transaxle overheat, the instrument cluster transaxle selector position display and the over
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4702c8007e004f007e00900095009b008c0099005002c90047>indicator on the instrument
cluster until normal transaxle operating temperature is reached. 1.
2.
3.
Towing the automatic transaxle equipped vehicle ▶
Flat-bed equipment is the best method of moving a disabled vehicle to avoid any damages.
For AWD vehicle: The vehicle must be towed with a wheel lift and dollies or flatbed equipment with
all the wheels off the ground.
For 2WD vehicles: It is acceptable to tow the vehicle with the rear wheels on the ground without
dollies and the front wheels off the ground. When being towed by a commercial towtruck and wheel
dollies are not available, the front of the vehicle should be lifted, not the rear. -
-

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This information is used by the TCU to decide which shift pattern to select and for shift energy
management. Electro-hydraulic solenoid valves and variable bleed solenoids control the transaxle gear
changes.
Six variable bleed solenoids and four on/off solenoids are used to direct transaxle fluid flow to control the
fluid pressure within the three clutches and two bands. Separate pressure regulators are used
exclusively for torque converter clutch control and main transaxle line pressure.
The TCU monitors all TCU inputs and outputs to confirm correct system operation. If a fault occurs the
TCU is able to perform default action and inform the driver of the problem through the instrument cluster
warning lights. Detailed information is available via trouble codes which can be read with the service tool.

02-16
3) Shift Map Selection
The driver can manually select between normal (S) and winter modes (W) via the mode switch.
Depending on the transaxle temperature, uphill and downhill grades and altitude, shift maps will be
selected by the TCU to suit the driving conditions. The following maps are available.
Standard (Normal) Mode ▶
Normal Mode is selected when the lever is in the D position with the mode switch in the normal (S)
position and the transaxle is within normal temperature ranges. Shift schedule points are optimised for
fuel efficiency and general driving conditions.
Uphill and Downhill Mode ▶
In this mode, depending on the load of the vehicle, adaptive shift maps are selected to progressively
adjust the shift points and torque converter lock points.
Altitude Mode ▶
Shift points are automatically adjusted at higher altitudes to compensate for changes in engine torque
where the torque produced by the engine is greatly reduced by the effects of reduced barometric
pressure and temperature.
Winter (W) Mode ▶
When winter mode is selected, starting in second gear is facilitated and the WINTER mode indicator
light is switched ON. To prevent wheel spin on slippery surfaces, the transmission will not allow first gear
unless manually overridden.
Warm up Schedule ▶
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470089008c00930096009e00470059005700b6006a0055>
The torque converter will not lock-up below 20°C to assist in transaxle warm-up.
Hot Mode ▶
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8c00990088009b009c0099008c009a00470096008d00470058>10° ~ 200°C. The torque
converter lock-up is increased to prevent heat generation by the torque converter.
Activation of the hot mode inhibits other transmission performance features including uphill and downhill
compensation and altitude compensation. Some degradation in shift feel may be experienced as the
torque converter is not unlocked during shifting.
Cruise Control Mode ▶
When cruise control is activated the engine ECU may request the transaxle to downshift under trailing
throttle conditions to increase engine braking.
Above 110℃the electrical radiator fans are switch ON
Above 130℃the engine torque will be reduced and the W light on the instrument cluster will flash
Above 200℃the transaxle will neutralise until the fluid tem
perature falls below 200°C as a final
protection.

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1st Gear State ▶
The 1st gear state will display on the
instrument cluster. Unlike the normal 1st gear,
engine braking will be available in this manual
1st state. -
2nd Gear State ▶
The 2nd gear state will display on the
instrument cluster. 2nd gear has engine braking
available. -
3rd Gear State ▶
The 3rd gear state will display on the
instrument cluster. 3rd gear has engine
braking available. -
4th Gear State ▶
The 4th gear state will display on the
instrument cluster. 4th gear has engine
braking available. -
5th Gear State ▶
The 5th gear state will display on the
instrument cluster. 5th gear has engine
braking available. -
6th Gear State ▶
The 6th gear state will display on the
instrument cluster. 6th gear has engine
braking available. -
STD type
SVC type

03-173660-01
5. TRANSAXLE ELECTRONIC CONTROL SYSTEM
1) General Information
The transmission control unit (TCU) and its input/output network control the following transmission
operations:
Shift timing
Line pressure
Clutch pressure (shift feel)
Torque converter clutch -
-
-
-
also uses these signals when determining transaxle operating strategy. Using all of these input signals,
the TCU can determine when the time and conditions are right for a shift, or when to apply or release the
torque converter clutch. It will also determine the pressure needed to optimise shift feel.
2) TCU (Transmission Control Unit)
The transaxle control unit (TCU) is mounted
under the driver's seat and controls the operation
of the transaxle.
Internal sensors and signals received across the
CAN bus in analogue and digital forms such as:
Transaxle input speed
Transaxle output speed
Accelerator pedal position
Gear selector position
Engine torque
Engine speed
Transaxle fluid temperature
Brake pedal status
Engine oil temperature
Engine coolant temperature
Ambient air temperature
Barometric pressure -
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-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
The TCU monitors all TCU inputs and outputs to confirm correct system operation. If a fault occurs the
TCU is able to perform default action and inform the driver of the problem through the instrument cluster
warning lights. Detailed information is available via trouble codes which can be read with the service tool.