2009 FIAT PANDA engine

3
FIAT PANDA LPG
The Fiat Panda LPG version (Petrol-LPG)
is dealt within this appendix.
For anything not included in this Supple-
ment, refer to the Owner Manual en-
closed.CONTENTS
KNOWING YOUR CAR . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
SYSTEM FUNCTIONAL DIAGRAM . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
LPG TANK. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
SOLENOID VALVES AND SAFETY DEVICES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
PIPING . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
REGULATION UNIT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
PAPER FILTER . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
LPG INJECTORS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
ELECTRONIC CONTROL UNIT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
LPG/PETROL SWITCH . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
FUEL CUT-OFF SWITCH . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
STARTING THE ENGINE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
AT THE FILLING STATION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
WHEELS. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
CHANGING A FUSE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
SCHEDULED SERVICING PLAN . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16
ENGINE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
WEIGHTS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19
DIMENSIONS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20
BOOT CAPACITY . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21
CAPACITIES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21
FUEL CONSUMPTION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22
CO
2EMISSIONS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23
FLUIDS AND LUBRICANTS. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23
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FIAT PANDA LPG
KNOWING YOUR CAR
Introduction
The LPG version of the car features two
fuel systems, one for petrol and one for
LPG.
Like the petrol system, the LPG system
is phased, sequential multipoint type with
special injectors.LPG
Multipoint injection system
This product is produced in strict collab-
oration with prestigious suppliers in the
LPG sector.
The injection system used on the car is an
efficient system in terms of engine per-
formance and is based on the injection of
LPG in a gaseous state.
In this system with four injectors, one for
each intake manifold, the fuel is injected
directly into the engine heat transfer
ducts thereby metering the LPG very pre-
cisely improving combustion and, at the
same time, excluding any possibility of
flame return.
By adapting the electronic control tech-
nology of petrol engines to meet the spec-
ifications of LPG, it has been possible to
achieve important results in terms of dri-
veability and controlling exhaust emissions.
Engines running on LPG have almost the
same torque/power specifications as when
running on petrol and, as a result, the per-
formance of the car is also comparable. What is LPG?
LPG (the abbreviation of liquefied petro-
leum gas) is a mixture of gas used as an
economical and safe primary energy
source.
Its main components are: propane gas and
butane gas mixed in various proportions.
These gases are a product of petroleum
refinement and are also present naturally
in oil fields and methane-producing de-
posits.
In its natural state this mixture is in a
gaseous state but, as the pressure in-
creases, at ambient temperature, it can
easily be turned into a liquid state.
LPG is a fuel with a low environmental im-
pact because it reduces the pollution pro-
duced by vehicle exhaust gases.
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FIAT PANDA LPG
The system extreme operat-
ing temperatures are between
-20°C and 100°C.
Selecting the type of fuel supply
The car is configured for running inde-
pendently on either petrol or LPG.
The engine is always started on petrol with
an automatic shift to LPG after about 40
seconds at the first significant acceleration.
This is the time required to reach opti-
mum conditions (engine coolant temper-
ature, minimum revs level) for the switch
to LPG. As far as what has been said
is concerned, there must always be
some petrol in the tank (at least 1/4
full)in order not to compromise the op-
eration of the fuel pump.
In addition, it is advisable to periodically
use up the petrol in the tank (until the re-
serve warning light comes on) in order to
ensure that the petrol does not become
old and possibly deteriorate. When running on LPG, when
the last red LED on gas quan-
tity indicator (visible on the
switch) comes on, refuelling is
advisable. If LPG runs out when in LPG
mode, the system automatically switch-
es to petrol mode. This is indicated by:
the amber LED coming on constantly
and the green LED flashing, the fuel
level LEDs going out and a buzzer
sounded by the switch.
The petrol/LPG switch A-fig. 1, located
on the protective fuse flap (left side of the
dashboard) allows the driver to select
petrol or LPG operation at his discretion.
fig. 1F0Z0802m
Please remember that after
filling the LPG tank, you will
need to switch fuel by press-
ing the button A-fig 1 to run
the engine on LPG.
The LPG supply system is
equipped with a "consump-
tion" function linked to the LED display
of LPG level on the switch; this function
activates only after a consistent varia-
tion in fuel level has been detected. You
are therefore advised to fill up with fu-
el at the first LPG refuelling to obtain a
more precise indication of the “level".
WARNING
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FIAT PANDA LPG
SOLENOID VALVES
AND SAFETY DEVICES
The system has a solenoid valve located
on the pressure reduction unit and a so-
lenoid valve fitted inside the multiple valve
assembly on the tank.
The main function of these solenoid valves
is to interrupt/allow the flow of LPG to
the supply circuit.
The solenoid valves are open when:
– a request to run on LPG has been made;
– the optimum engine conditions are sat-
isfied (engine coolant temperature, mini-
mum revs level) for running on LPG;– there is enough LGP in the tank for op-
eration;
– the inertia switch has not been tripped.
The multivalve assembly fitted on the tank
includes:
– a valve that automatically stops the sup-
ply of LPG when the maximum permitted
filling level is reached (80% of the total
tank capacity);
– a flow limiter which, if a pipe is broken,
prevents the complete and sudden escape
of LPG;
– a one-way valve, located on the gas re-
turn pipe in the tank, which prevents LPG
reflux;
– a safety solenoid valve on the LPG sup-
ply, which either gives the go ahead or
prevents the escape of gas to the pressure
reduction unit; – a manual tap, upstream of the solenoid
valve, that separates the tank from the
LPG system to allow maintenance opera-
tions;
– a fuse pad which, in the event of
overheating (temperature above 120 °C),
totally eliminates the danger of excess
pressure making the LPG in the tank flow
out as quickly as possible in a controlled
manner;
– an analogue gauge showing the level of
LPG in the tank.
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FIAT PANDA LPG
REGULATION UNIT
The regulation unit fig. 4includes:
– cut out solenoid valve with gauze filter;
– pressure regulator.
The cut out solenoid valveopens or
closes together with the solenoid valve on
the tank. It closes each flow of LPG when
the engine is not running on gas.
It also acts as a safety device that prevents
the flow of LPG if the inertia switch is ac-
tivated.
fig. 4F0G0805m
The pressure regulatorallows the
change of the LPG from a liquid state to
a gaseous state via a dilation chamber and
maintains the pressure required for the
operation of the system at a preset value.
PIPING
The piping for the LPG in a liquid state
(from the filler to the tank and from the
tank to the pressure regulator) is made
from copper and coated in plastic.
The piping for the LPG in a gaseous state
(from the pressure regulator to the LPG
injectors) is made from rubber.
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FIAT PANDA LPG
ELECTRONIC
CONTROL UNIT
The vehicle has a dedicated electronic
control unit for the LPG system; it uses
the incoming signals from the petrol in-
jection control unit and converts them in-
to signals for the injection of the LPG.
The control unit for the injectors has the
same strategy as the petrol control unit
(phased, sequential, multipoint).
LPG/PETROL SWITCH
The LPG/petrol switch fig. 7is located on
the protective fuse flap (left side of the
dashboard) and includes:
A. LPG/petrol operating mode request
button;
B. LPG gauge: 5 leds of which 4 green and
1 red to indicate the reserve. The red LED
only comes on when the last green LED
goes out.
The red LED indicates the reserve con-
dition;
ON. LPG operation mode indicator:
green LED on continuously, under the
buttonA;
OFF. petrol operation mode indicator:
yellow LED on continuously, under the
buttonA.
IMPORTANT When the ignition key is
turned to the MARposition the LEDs on
the ignition switch come on in accordance
with the following rule:
–with petrol operation mode se-
lected: yellow LED OFF activation;
–with LPG operation selected: all
LEDs on the switch are on continuously
and the green LED ONflashes.To select the type of fuel system desired
(LPG or petrol), press button A-fig. 7.
To change the type of fuel system, it is ad-
visable to operate the button with the ve-
hicle stationary and the engine running or,
whilst driving, after having released the ac-
celerator.
If the switching takes place during accel-
eration or pick-up, there may be a brief
flat spot (fall in power).
fig. 7F0Z0807m
Do not switch between the
two operating modes whilst
starting the engine.
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FIAT PANDA LPG
Switch from petrol to LPG
With petrol fuel supply: press the button
A-fig. 7, the switch to LPG will take place
automatically at the first significant accel-
eration.
During switching:
– the LPG gauge Bcomes on;
– the yellow LED OFF goes out (petrol
operating mode);
– the green LED ON comes on switch-
ing from intermittent to on constantly
(LPG operating mode).
There are 5 LEDs B(1 red and 4 green)
on the left of the switch that display the
amount of LPG in the tank.
When the amount of LPG remaining goes
below about 1/5 of the capacity of the
tank, only the red (reserve) LED remains
on to signal the need for refuelling.
IMPORTANT In the case of starting at
outside temperatures of below -10 °C, the
switching times from petrol to LPG in-
crease to allow the pressure regulator to
become warm enough.IMPORTANT The buzzer warns the dri-
ver that the engine is running on petrol;
therefore he must refuel with LPG before
it runs out.
THE buzzer can be deactivated by press-
ing the switching button A.
Do not switch between the
two operating modes whilst
starting the engine. Switching from LPG to petrol
With LPG supply: press the buttonA-
fig. 7.
During switching:
– the LPG gauge Bgoes out;
– the yellow LED OFF comes on con-
stantly (petrol operating mode);
– the green LED ON goes out (LPG op-
erating mode).
LPG run out
If the LPG runs out, switching to petrol
takes place automatically with:
– the yellow LED OFF on constantly;
– the green LED ON flashing;
– an acoustic warning from the switch
buzzer (fast frequency).
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FIAT PANDA LPG
FUEL CUT-OFF SWITCH
In the case of LPG operation as well, the
safety switch is triggered if the car is in-
volved in an impact immediately cutting off
the supply (safety solenoid valve closed)
and causing the engine to cut out.
For further information, see the “Fuel cut
off switch” paragraph in the “Knowing
your car” chapter in the Owner Hand-
book.
STARTING THE ENGINE
The engine is always started on petrol
even with the switch in the LPG position
(green LED flashing, yellow LED on con-
stantly) and switches from petrol to LPG
automatically soon after.
There must therefore always be some
petrol in the tank to protect the petrol
pump.
To carry out the starting manoeuvre cor-
rectly, see the warnings and advice in the
Owner’s Handbook under the chapter
Starting the engine enclosed with this
Supplement.
In this situation, you can con-
tinue driving, with the car run-
ning on petrol (excluding the
LPG fuel system). To turn off
the acoustic warning press button A:
the green LED ON will go out and the
yellow LED OFF will remain on con-
stantly. Go to a Fiat Dealer as soon as
possible to have the system checked.
System failure signalling
The car has a self-diagnosis system capa-
ble of signalling any malfunctions in the
LPG fuel system through the green LED
ON fig. 7flashing. In the case of faults that
could affect the correct operation of the
engine, the LPG control unit will auto-
matically switch from LPG operation to
running on petrol.
This condition will be shown by:
– the yellow LED OFF on constantly;
– the green LED ON flashing;
– an acoustic warning from the switch
buzzer (slow frequency).
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