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Downloaded from www.Manualslib.com manuals search engine 6-26 ENGINE GENERAL INFORMATION AND DIAGNOSIS
Excessive engine oil
consumptionSticky piston ring Pistons, piston rings, connecting rods
and cylinders in Section 6A1.
Worn piston and cylinder Pistons, piston rings, connecting rods
and cylinders in Section 6A1.
Worn piston ring groove and ring Pistons, piston rings, connecting rods
and cylinders in Section 6A1.
Improper location of piston ring gap Pistons, piston rings, connecting rods
and cylinders in Section 6A1.
Worn or damaged valve stem seal Valves and cylinder head in Section
6A1.
Worn valve stem Valves and cylinder head in Section
6A1.
Low oil pressure
Improper oil viscosity ITEM1-3 Engine oil and oil filter
change in Section 0B.
Malfunctioning oil pressure switch Oil pressure switch in Section 8.
Clogged oil strainer Oil pan and oil pump strainer in Sec-
tion 6A1.
Functional deterioration of oil pump Oil pump in Section 6A1.
Worn oil pump relief valve Oil pump in Section 6A1.
Excessive clearance in various sliding
partsRefer to Section 6A1.
Engine noise
See NOTE below.Improper valve lash Valve lash in Section 6A1.
Worn valve stem and guide Valves and cylinder head in Section
6A1.
Weak or broken valve spring Valve springs in Section 6A1.
Warped or bent valve Valves and cylinder head in Section
6A1.
Loose camshaft housing bolts Camshaft in Section 6A1.
Worn piston, ring and cylinder bore Pistons and cylinders in Section 6A1.
Worn crankpin bearing Crankpin and connecting rod bearing
in Section 6A1.
Worn crankpin Crankpin and connecting rod bearing
in Section 6A1.
Loose connecting rod nuts Connecting rod in Section 6A1.
Low oil pressure Previously outlined.
Worn crankshaft journal bearing Main bearings, Crankshaft and cylin-
der block in Section 6A1.
Worn crankshaft journal Main bearings, Crankshaft and cylin-
der block in Section 6A1.
Loose lower crankcase (bearing cap) bolts Main bearings, Crankshaft and cylin-
der block in Section 6A1.
Excessive crankshaft thrust play Main bearings, Crankshaft and cylin-
der block in Section 6A1. Condition Possible Cause Reference Item
NOTE:
Before checking the mechanical noise, make sure that :
Ignition timing is properly adjusted.
Specified spark plug is used.
Specified fuel is used.
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Downloaded from www.Manualslib.com manuals search engine 6A1-10 ENGINE MECHANICAL (M13 ENGINE)
2) Lift valve by turning crankshaft and then remove camshaft
housing bolts (1) where the shim to be replaced.
3) Install special tool with camshaft housing bolts as shown in
figure.
Special tool
(A) : 09916-67020
Tightening torque
Camshaft housing bolts (for tightening of special tool)
(a) : 8 N·m (0.8 kg-m, 6.0 lb-ft)
Special tool selection table
4) Turn camshaft by approximately 90° clockwise and remove
shim (3).
2. Plug hole
NOTE:
Check the special tools carved seal as shown, and
then install special tool in accordance with the location
of each camshaft housing.
If special tool is holding down the shim, adjust special
tool position so as not to hold down the shim by loos-
ening camshaft housing bolt.
No. on camshaft housingEmbossed mark
on special tool
I2 IN2
I3, I4, I5 IN345
E2 EX2
E3, E4, E5 EX345
A: I : Intake side or E : Exhaust side
B: Position from timing chain side
C: Pointing to timing chain side
WARNING:
Never put in the hand between camshaft and tappet.
1. Special tool
2. Magnet
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Downloaded from www.Manualslib.com manuals search engine 6A1-12 ENGINE MECHANICAL (M13 ENGINE)
8) Lift valve by turning crankshaft counterclockwise (in opposite
direction against above Step 4) and remove special tool.
Special tool
(A) : 09916-67020
9) Install camshaft housing (1) and tighten them to specified
torque.
Tightening torque
Camshaft housing bolts (a) : 11 N·m (1.1 kg-m, 8.0 lb-ft)
10) Check valve clearance again.
11) Install cylinder head cover, referring to “Cylinder Head
Cover” in this section.
1. Tappet
2. Camshaft
Page 495 of 687
Downloaded from www.Manualslib.com manuals search engine 6A1-14 ENGINE MECHANICAL (M13 ENGINE)
Air Cleaner Assembly
REMOVAL
1) Disconnect negative cable at battery.
2) Disconnect IAT sensor coupler (1).
3) Disconnect breather hose from air cleaner outlet No.2 hose
(2).
4) Remove air cleaner outlet No.2 hose fastening bolt (3).
5) Loosen air cleaner outlet No.2 hose clamp bolt (4).
6) Remove air cleaner case fastening bolts (5).
7) Remove air cleaner assembly with outlet hoses.
INSTALLATION
Reverse removal procedure for installation.
Knock Sensor
REMOVAL
1) Disconnect negative cable at battery.
2) Remove intake manifold referring to “Throttle Body and
Intake Manifold” in this section.
3) Disconnect knock sensor connector (1).
4) Remove knock sensor (2) from cylinder block.
INSPECTION
Check sensor for damage.
If any faulty is found, replace.
INSTALLATION
Reverse removal procedure for installation.
Tightening torque
Knock sensor (a) : 23 N·m (2.3 kg-m, 16.5 lb-ft)
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Downloaded from www.Manualslib.com manuals search engine ENGINE MECHANICAL (M13 ENGINE) 6A1-15
Cylinder Head Cover
REMOVAL
1) Disconnect negative cable at battery.
2) Disconnect accelerator cable (1) from clamp (2) (For left
hand steering vehicle only).
3) Remove cylinder head upper cover (3).
4) Disconnect ignition coil couplers (1).
5) Remove ignition coil assemblies (2) with high-tension cord
(3).
6) Remove oil level gauge (1).
7) Disconnect breather hose (2) from cylinder head cover (3)
and PCV hose (4) from PCV valve (5).
8) Remove cylinder head cover mounting bolts in such order as
indicated in figure.
9) Remove cylinder head cover (1) with cylinder head cover
gasket (2) and spark plug hole gasket (3).
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3) Install cylinder head cover to cylinder head.
4) Tighten bolts in such order as indicated in figure a little at a
time till they are tightened to specified torque.
Tightening torque
Cylinder head cover bolts (a) : 8 N·m (0.8 kg-m, 6.0 lb-ft)
5) Connect breather hose (1) and PCV hose (2).
6) Install oil level gauge (3).
7) Install ignition coil assemblies with high-tension cord.
8) Connect ignition coil couplers.
9) Install cylinder head upper cover.
10) Connect accelerator cable to clamp (For left hand steering
vehicle only).
11) Connect negative cable at battery.NOTE:
When installing cylinder head cover, use care so that cyl-
inder head cover gasket or spark plug hole gaskets will
not get out of place or fall off.
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Downloaded from www.Manualslib.com manuals search engine 6A1-20 ENGINE MECHANICAL (M13 ENGINE)
13) Remove intake manifold (1) with throttle body (2) and EGR
pipe (3) from cylinder head (4), and then its gasket.
INSTALLATION
Reverse removal procedure for installation noting the followings.
Use new intake manifold gasket and EGR pipe gasket.
Tighten long bolt (1), short bolt (3) and nuts (2) to specified
torque.
Tightening torque
Intake manifold bolts and nuts
(a) : 25 N·m (2.5 kg-m, 18.0 lb-ft)
Check to ensure that all removed parts are back in place.
Reinstall any necessary parts which have not been rein-
stalled.
Adjust accelerator cable play referring to “Accelerator Cable
Adjustment” in Section 6E.
Refill cooling system referring to “Cooling System Flush and
Refill” in Section 6B.
Upon completion of installation, turn ignition switch ON but
engine OFF and check for fuel leaks.
Finally, start engine and check for engine coolant leaks.
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Downloaded from www.Manualslib.com manuals search engine 6A1-22 ENGINE MECHANICAL (M13 ENGINE)
5) Disconnect exhaust pipe (1) from exhaust manifold.
6) Remove exhaust manifold (1) and its gasket from cylinder
head.
INSTALLATION
1) Install new gasket to cylinder head.
Then install exhaust manifold.
Tighten manifold nuts to specified torque.
Tightening torque
Exhaust manifold nuts (a) : 55 N·m (5.5 kg-m, 40.0 lb-ft)
2) Install seal ring and install exhaust pipe (1) to exhaust mani-
fold.
Before installing seal ring, check it for deterioration or dam-
age, and replace as necessary.
Tighten pipe fasteners to specified torque.
Tightening torque
Exhaust pipe bolts (a) : 50 N·m (5.0 kg-m, 36.5 lb-ft)