2005 NISSAN X-TRAIL steering

BRC-2 SENSOR ROTOR ...................................................... 48
Removal and Installation ........................................ 48
REMOVAL ........................................................... 48
INSTALLATION .................................................... 48
ABS ACTUATOR AND ELECTRIC UNIT (ASSEM-
BLY) ........................................................................... 49
Removal and Installation ........................................ 49
ESP/TCS/ABS
PRECAUTIONS ......................................................... 50
Precautions for Supplemental Restraint System
(SRS) “AIR BAG” and “SEAT BELT PRE-TEN-
SIONER” ................................................................. 50
Precautions for Brake System ................................ 50
Precautions for Brake Control ................................ 50
PREPARATION ......................................................... 51
Special Service Tools ............................................. 51
ON-VEHICLE SERVICE ............................................ 52
Adjustment of Steering Angle Sensor Neutral Posi-
tion .......................................................................... 52
SYSTEM DESCRIPTION .......................................... 53
System Diagram ..................................................... 53
ESP Function .......................................................... 53
TCS Function .......................................................... 53
ABS Function .......................................................... 54
EBD Function ......................................................... 54
Fail-Safe Function .................................................. 54
ESP/ TCS SYSTEM ............................................ 54
ABS, EBD SYSTEM ............................................ 54
Hydraulic Circuit Diagram ....................................... 55
CAN COMMUNICATION ........................................... 56
System Description ................................................. 56
CAN Communication Unit ....................................... 56
TYPE 4/TYPE 5 ................................................... 56
TYPE 6 ................................................................ 57
TYPE 9 ................................................................ 58
TROUBLE DIAGNOSIS ............................................ 60
How to Proceed With Diagnosis ............................. 60
BASIC CONCEPT ............................................... 60
DIAGNOSIS FLOWCHART ................................. 61
ASKING COMPLAINTS ....................................... 62
EXAMPLE OF DIAGNOSIS SHEET .................... 62
Component Parts and Harness Connector Location ... 63
Schematic ............................................................... 64
Wiring Diagram —ESP/TCS/ABS— ..................... 65
LHD MODEL ........................................................ 65
RHD MODEL ....................................................... 71
Control Unit Input/Output Signal Standard .............. 77
REFERENCE VALUE FROM CONSULT-II ......... 77
CONSULT-II Functions ........................................... 79
CONSULT-II MAIN FUNCTION ........................... 79
CONSULT-II BASIC OPERATION PROCEDURE
... 79
SELF-DIAGNOSIS .............................................. 81
DATA MONITOR .................................................. 83
ACTIVE TEST ..................................................... 86
For Fast and Accurate Diagnosis ........................... 88PRECAUTIONS FOR DIAGNOSIS ..................... 88
Basic Inspection ...................................................... 89
BASIC INSPECTION 1 BRAKE FLUID AMOUNT,
LEAKS, AND BRAKE PADS INSPECTION ......... 89
BASIC INSPECTION 2 POWER SYSTEM TER-
MINAL LOOSENESS AND BATTERY INSPEC-
TION .................................................................... 89
BASIC INSPECTION 3 ABS WARNING LAMP,
ESP OFF INDICATOR LAMP, SLIP INDICATOR
LAMP AND BRAKE WARNING LAMP INSPEC-
TION .................................................................... 90
Inspection 1 Wheel Sensor System ........................ 91
INSPECTION PROCEDURE ............................... 91
Inspection 2 Engine System ................................... 93
Inspection 3 ESP/TCS/ABS Control Unit System ... 93
Inspection 4 Pressure Sensor and the Circuit
between Pressure Sensor and ESP/TCS/ABS Con-
trol Unit. ................................................................... 93
Inspection 5 Steering Angle Sensor and Circuit
between Steering Angle Sensor and ESP/TCS/ABS
Control Unit. ............................................................ 95
Inspection 6 Yaw Rate/Side G sensor and the Circuit
between Yaw Rate/Side G sensor and ESP/TCS/
ABS Control Unit. .................................................... 97
Inspection 7 Solenoid Valve, ESP Switch-over Sole-
noid Valve and Circuit ............................................. 98
Inspection 8 Actuator Motor, Motor Relay and Circuit
.101
Inspection 9 Actuator Relay and Circuit ................103
Inspection 10 Stop Lamp Switch and Circuit .........105
Inspection 11 ESP/TCS/ABS Control Unit Power
Supply Circuit ........................................................105
Inspection 12 When “EMERGENCY BRAKE” is
indicated in the Self-Diagnostic Results ................107
Inspection 13 When “ST ANG SEN SIGNAL” is Indi-
cated in the Self-Diagnostic Results .....................107
Inspection 14 Brake Fluid Level of Reservoir Tank,
Communication Circuit between ESP/TCS/ABS
Control Unit and Brake Fluid Level Warning Switch .108
Inspection 15 CAN Communication Circuit, ESP/
TCS/ABS Control Unit and Steering Angle Sensor .109
Component Check ................................................109
ESP OFF SWITCH ............................................109
ESP RELAY BOX ...............................................109
ESP ACTUATOR ...............................................110
Symptom 1: ABS Works Frequently .....................112
Symptom 2: Unexpected Pedal Reaction .............113
Symptom 3: Longer Stopping Distance .................113
Symptom 4: ABS Does Not Work .........................113
Symptom 5: Pedal Vibration and ABS Operation
Noise .....................................................................113
Symptom 6: ESP OFF Indicator Lamp Does Not Illu-
minate ...................................................................114
Symptom 7: SLIP Indicator Lamp Does Not Illumi-
nate .......................................................................114
Symptom 8: Vehicle Jerks During ESP/TCS/ABS
Control ..................................................................115

BRC-3
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WHEEL SENSORS ..................................................116
Removal and Installation ....................................... 116
REMOVAL .......................................................... 116
INSTALLATION .................................................. 116
SENSOR ROTOR ....................................................117
Removal and Installation ....................................... 117
REMOVAL .......................................................... 117
INSTALLATION .................................................. 117
ESP/TCS/ABS CONTROL UNIT .............................118
Removal and Installation ....................................... 118
REMOVAL .......................................................... 118
INSTALLATION .................................................. 118
ESP/TCS/ABS ACTUATOR AND RELAY BOX ......119
Removal and Installation ....................................... 119YAW RATE/SIDE G SENSOR .................................120
Removal and Installation ......................................120
REMOVAL .........................................................120
INSTALLATION .................................................120
ESP OFF SWITCH ..................................................121
Removal and Installation ......................................121
REMOVAL .........................................................121
INSTALLATION .................................................121
STEERING ANGLE SENSOR ................................122
Removal and Installation ......................................122
REMOVAL .........................................................122
INSTALLATION .................................................122

BRC-4
[ABS]
PRECAUTIONS

[ABS]PRECAUTIONSPFP:00001
Precautions for Supplemental Restraint System (SRS) “AIR BAG” and “SEAT
BELT PRE-TENSIONER”
EFS005X6
The Supplemental Restraint System such as “AIR BAG” and “SEAT BELT PRE-TENSIONER”, used along
with a front seat belt, helps to reduce the risk or severity of injury to the driver and front passenger for certain
types of collision. Information necessary to service the system safely is included in the SRS and SB section of
this Service Manual.
WARNING:

To avoid rendering the SRS inoperative, which could increase the risk of personal injury or death
in the event of a collision which would result in air bag inflation, all maintenance must be per-
formed by an authorized NISSAN/INFINITI dealer.

Improper maintenance, including incorrect removal and installation of the SRS, can lead to per-
sonal injury caused by unintentional activation of the system. For removal of Spiral Cable and Air
Bag Module, see the SRS section.

Do not use electrical test equipment on any circuit related to the SRS unless instructed to in this
Service Manual. SRS wiring harnesses can be identified by yellow and/or orange harnesses or
harness connectors.
Precautions for Brake SystemEFS004GX

Recommended fluid is brake fluid “DOT 3” or “DOT 4”.

Do not reuse drained brake fluid.

Be careful not to splash brake fluid on painted areas such as body. If brake fluid is splashed, wipe it off
and flush area with water immediately.

Do not use mineral oils such as gasoline or kerosene to clean. They will ruin rubber parts and cause
improper operation.

Using a flare nut torque wrench, securely tighten brake tube
flare nuts.

Brake system is an important safety part. If a brake fluid leak is
detected, always disassemble the affected part. If a malfunction
is detected, replace part with a new one.

Before working, turn ignition switch OFF and disconnect har-
ness connectors of ABS actuator and electric unit (control unit)
or battery cable from negative terminal.

When installing brake piping, be sure to check torque.
Precautions for Brake ControlEFS004FV

During ABS operation, brake pedal lightly vibrates and a mechanical noise may be heard. This is normal.

Just after starting vehicle after ignition switch ON, brake pedal may vibrate or motor operating noise may
be heard from engine compartment. This is a normal status of operation check.

Stopping distance may be longer than that of vehicles without ABS when vehicle drives on rough, gravel,
or snow-covered (fresh, deep snow) roads.

When an malfunction is indicated by ABS or another warning lamp, collect all necessary information from
customer (what symptoms are present under what conditions) and check for simple causes before start-
ing diagnostic servicing. Besides electrical system inspection, check booster operation, brake fluid level,
and oil leaks.

If tyre size and type are used in an improper combination, or brake pads are not Genuine NISSAN parts,
stopping distance or steering stability may deteriorate.

If there is a radio, antenna, or antenna lead-in wire (including wiring) near control module, ABS function
may have a malfunction.

If aftermarket parts (car stereo, CD player, etc.) Have been installed, check for incidents such as harness
pinches, open circuits, and improper wiring.
SBR820BA

BRC-8
[ABS]
CAN COMMUNICATION

CAN COMMUNICATIONPFP:23710
System DescriptionEFS0067G
CAN (Controller Area Network) is a serial communication line for real time application. It is an on-vehicle mul-
tiplex communication line with high data communication speed and excellent error detection ability. Many elec-
tronic control units are equipped onto a vehicle, and each control unit shares information and links with other
control units during operation (not independent). In CAN communication, control units are connected with 2
communication lines (CAN H line, CAN L line) allowing a high rate of information transmission with less wiring.
Each control unit transmits/receives data but selectively reads required data only.
CAN Communication UnitEFS0067H
TYPE 1/TYPE 2
System diagram
Input/output signal chart
T: Transmit R: Receive Body typeWagon
Axle 4WD 2WD
Engine YD22DDTi QR20DE/QR25DE QR20DE YD22DDTi
Transmission M/T A/T M/T
Brake controlABS
CAN system type 1 2 3 7 8
ECM×××××
TCM×
ESP/TCS/ABS control unit
ABS actuator and electric unit (control unit)×××××
Steering angle sensor
4WD control unit×××
Combination meter×××××
PKIA6458E
Signals ECMABS actuator and
electric unit
(control unit)4WD control unit Combination meter
4WD mode indicator lamp signal T R
4WD warning lamp signalTR

TROUBLE DIAGNOSIS
BRC-37
[ABS]
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BRC

5. CHECK WHEEL SENSOR HARNESS
1. Turn ignition switch OFF and disconnect malfunctioning wheel
sensor connector and ABS actuator and electric unit (control
unit) connector.
2. Check continuity between terminals. (Also check continuity
when the steering wheel is turned right and left and when the
sensor harness inside the wheel house is moved.)
OK or NG
OK >> GO TO 6.
NG >> Repair or replace harness and connector that have malfunction.
6. CHECK WHEEL SENSOR
1. Replace wheel sensor that resulted in malfunction by self-diagnosis.
2. Reconnect connectors, drive vehicle at 30 km/h (19 MPH) or more for approximately 1 minute, and then
perform self-diagnosis.
Is above displayed on self-diagnosis display?
OK >> Wheel sensor has malfunction.
NG >>

Replace ABS actuator and electric unit (control unit).

Perform to self-diagnosis again, and make sure that the result shows “NO DTC IS DETECTED.
FURTHER TESTING MAY BE REQUIRED”.
SFIA2015E
Power supply circuit Signal circuit Ground circuit
WheelABS actua-
tor and
electric unit
(control
unit) har-
ness con-
nector E69Wheel sen-
sor har-
ness
connectorABS actua-
tor and
electric unit
(control
unit) har-
ness con-
nector E69Wheel sen-
sor har-
ness
connectorABS actuator and
electric unit (con-
trol unit) harness
connector E69
(Signal)Ground
Front RH
(E17)24 (W) 1 (W) 9 (B) 2 (B) 9 (B), 24 (W)
— Front LH
(E59)22 (L/W) 1 (L/W) 7 (L/Y) 2 (L/Y) 7 (L/Y), 22 (L/W)
Rear RH
(B130)28 (B/W) 1 (B/W) 13 (L/R) 2 (L/R) 13 (L/R), 28 (B/W)
Rear LH
(B126)26 (BR) 1 (BR) 11 (BR/W) 2 (BR/W) 11 (BR/W), 26 (BR)
Power supply circuit : Continuity should exist.
Signal circuit : Continuity should exist.
Ground circuit : Continuity should not exist.

BRC-50
[ESP/TCS/ABS]
PRECAUTIONS

[ESP/TCS/ABS]PRECAUTIONSPFP:00001
Precautions for Supplemental Restraint System (SRS) “AIR BAG” and “SEAT
BELT PRE-TENSIONER”
EFS004H7
The Supplemental Restraint System such as “AIR BAG” and “SEAT BELT PRE-TENSIONER”, used along
with a front seat belt, helps to reduce the risk or severity of injury to the driver and front passenger for certain
types of collision. Information necessary to service the system safely is included in the SRS and SB section of
this Service Manual.
WARNING:

To avoid rendering the SRS inoperative, which could increase the risk of personal injury or death
in the event of a collision which would result in air bag inflation, all maintenance must be per-
formed by an authorized NISSAN/INFINITI dealer.

Improper maintenance, including incorrect removal and installation of the SRS, can lead to per-
sonal injury caused by unintentional activation of the system. For removal of Spiral Cable and Air
Bag Module, see the SRS section.

Do not use electrical test equipment on any circuit related to the SRS unless instructed to in this
Service Manual. SRS wiring harnesses can be identified by yellow and/or orange harnesses or
harness connectors.
Precautions for Brake SystemEFS0019O

Recommended fluid is brake fluid “DOT 3” or “DOT 4”.

Do not reuse drained brake fluid.

Be careful not to splash brake fluid on painted areas; it may cause paint damage. If brake fluid is splashed
on painted areas, wash it away with water immediately.

Do not use mineral oils such as gasoline or kerosene. They will ruin rubber parts of hydraulic system.

Using a flare nut torque wrench, securely tighten brake tube
flare nuts.

When installing brake piping, be sure to check torque.

Before working, turn the ignition switch OFF and disconnect the
connectors for the ESP/TCS/ABS control unit and control unit or
the battery negative terminal.

Burnish the brake pad contact surfaces after refinishing or
replacing drums or rotors, after replacing pads or linings, or if a
soft pedal occurs at very low mileage. Refer to BR-31, "
BRAKE
BURNISHING PROCEDURE" .
WARNING:
Clean brakes with a vacuum dust collector to minimize risk of health hazard from powder caused
by friction.
Precautions for Brake ControlEFS0019P

During the ESP/TCS/ABS operation, the brake pedal vibrates lightly and its mechanical noise may be
heard. This is a normal condition.

Just after starting the vehicle after ignition switch ON, the brake pedal may vibrate or the motor operating
noise may be heard from the engine compartment. This is a normal status of the operation check.

The stopping distance may be longer than that of vehicles without ABS when the vehicle drives on rough,
gravel, or snowy (fresh deep snow) road.

If a malfunction is indicated by the ABS warning lamp, or other warning lamps, collect the necessary infor-
mation from the customer (what symptoms are present under what conditions) and find out the possible
causes before starting the service. Besides the electrical system inspection, check the booster operation,
brake fluid level, and oil leaks.

If the tyre size and type are used in a improper combination, or the brake pads are not NISSAN genuine
parts, the stopping distance or steering stability may deteriorate.

If there is a radio, antenna, or antenna lead-in wire (including wiring) near the control unit, the ESP/TCS/
ABS function may have a malfunction.

If aftermarket parts (car stereo, CD player, etc.) have been installed, check harnesses for pinches, open,
and improper wiring.
SBR820BA

BRC-52
[ESP/TCS/ABS]
ON-VEHICLE SERVICE

ON-VEHICLE SERVICEPFP:00000
Adjustment of Steering Angle Sensor Neutral PositionEFS0019R
In case of doing work that applies to the list below, make sure to adjust neutral position of steering angle sen-
sor before running vehicle.
×: Required
–: Not required
CAUTION:
To adjust neutral position of steering angle sensor, make sure to use CONSULT-II.
(Adjustment cannot be done without CONSULT-II.)
1. Stop vehicle with front wheels in straight-ahead position.
2. Connect CONSULT-II and CONSULT-II CONVERTER to data link connector on vehicle, and turn ignition
switch ON (do not start engine).
CAUTION:
If CONSULT-II is used with no connection of CONSULT-II CONVERTER, malfunctions might be
detected in self-diagnosis depending on control unit which carry out CAN communication.
3. Touch “ABS”, “WORK SUPPORT” and “ST ANGLE SENSOR ADJUSTMENT” on CONSULT-II screen in
this order. Refer to BRC-79, "
CONSULT-II BASIC OPERATION PROCEDURE" .
4. Touch “START”.
CAUTION:
Do not touch steering wheel while adjusting steering angle
sensor.
5. After approximately 10 seconds, touch “END”. (After approxi-
mately 60 seconds, it ends automatically.)
6. Turn ignition switch OFF, then turn it ON again.
CAUTION:
Be sure to carry out above operation.
7. Run vehicle with front wheels in straight-ahead position, then
stop.
8. Select “DATA MONITOR”, “SELECTION FROM MENU”, and “STR ANGLE SIG” on CONSULT-II screen.
Then make sure “STR ANGLE SIG” is within 0 ±3.5 deg. If value is more than specification, repeat steps 1
to 7.
9. Erase memory of ESP/TCS/ABS control unit and ECM.
10. Turn ignition switch OFF.
Situation Adjustment of Steering Angle Sensor Neutral Position
Removing/Installing ESP/TCS/ABS control unit−
Replacing ESP/TCS/ABS control unit−
Removing/Installing steering angle sensor×
Removing/Installing steering components×
Removing/Installing suspension components×
Change tyre to new ones–
Tyre rotation–
Adjusting wheel alignment×
SFIA0371E

SYSTEM DESCRIPTION
BRC-53
[ESP/TCS/ABS]
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BRC

SYSTEM DESCRIPTIONPFP:00000
System DiagramEFS0019X
ESP FunctionEFS0019W
1. The Electronic Stability Program is called the ESP for short. ESP is indicated as ESP on CONSULT-II
screen.
2. In addition to the ABS/TCS function, ESP detects a driver's steering operation amount and brake opera-
tion amount from steering angle sensor and pressure sensor. Using the information from yaw rate/side G
sensor and wheel sensors, ESP judges the driving condition (conditions of understeer and oversteer) to
improve the stability by controlling brake on 4 wheels and engine output.
3. During ESP operation, SLIP indicator lamp flashes to inform the driver of the operation.
CAUTION:

During ESP operation, body and the brake pedal lightly vibrate and their mechanical noise may be
heard. This is a normal condition.

If vehicle is rotated on a turn table, or rolled and rocked on a ship, the ABS warning lamp,
ESP OFF indicator lamp, and SLIP indicator lamp may turn on. In this case, start engine on a nor-
mal road again. If the ABS warning lamp, ESP OFF indicator lamp, and SLIP indicator lamp turn
off after the restart, it is normal.

When driving in a steep slope such as a bank, ABS warning lamp, ESP OFF indicator lamp, and
SLIP indicator lamp may turn on. In this case, start the engine on a normal road again. If ABS
warning lamp, ESP OFF indicator lamp, and SLIP indicator lamp turn off after the restart, it is nor-
mal.
TCS FunctionEFS0019V
1. With the wheel sensor signals from 4 wheels, the ESP/TCS/ABS control unit detects a wheel spin. If a
wheel spins, the control unit controls brake fluid pressure to the spinning wheel, and cuts the fuel to the
engine. It also closes the throttle valve to reduce the engine torque. Furthermore, throttle position is con-
trolled to the appropriate engine torque.
2. If a wheel spins, the TCS system works and function by applying brake fluid pressure to the spinning
wheel.
SFIA2012E