6E–248 ENGINE DRIVEABILITY AND EMISSIONS
CUTS OUT, MISSES SYMPTOM
DEFINITIONS: Steady pulsation or jerking that follows
engine speed; usually more pronounced as engine load
increases.
Step Action Value(s) Yes No
1Was the “On-Board Diagnostic (OBD) System Check”
performed?—Go to Step 2Go to OBD
System Check
2 1. Perform a bulletin search.
2. If a bulletin that addresses the symptom is found,
correct the condition as instructed in the bulletin.
Was a bulletin found that addresses the symptom?—Verify repair Go to Step 3
3 Was a visual/physical check performed?
—Go to Step 4Go to Visual /
physical Check.
4 Check the ECM grounds to verify that they are clean
and tight. Refer to the ECM wiring diagrams in
Electrical Diagnosis.
Was a problem found?—Verify repair Go to Step 5
5 Check for a loose or short circuit of ignition coil
module voltage feed.
Was a problem found?—Verify repair Go to Step 6
6 Check for a loose or short circuit of ignition coil
module ground.
Was a problem found?—Verify repair Go to Step 7
7 Visually/physically inspect all spark plug high-tension
cables. Check for the following conditions:
Verify that the resistance of all spark plug high-
tension cables are less than the specified value.
Verify that the all spark plug high-tension cables are
correctly fitted to eliminate cross-fitting.
Verify that the all spark plug high-tension cables are
not arcing to ground.
Spraying the spark plug high-tension cables with a
light mist of water may help locate an intermittent
problem.
Was a problem found?#1 cyl. 4.4k
#2 cyl. 3.6k
#3 cyl. 3.1k
#4 cyl. 2.8kVerify repair Go to Step 7
8 Check the CKP sensor wire, shield wire, or installation
condition.
Was a problem found?—Verify repair Go to Step 9
9 Monitor “B1S1 (Bank 1 Sensor 1) Status” on the Tech
2.
Is the “B1S1 (Bank 1 Sensor 1) Status” in the rich
condition?—Go to Step 10Go to Step 11
6E–262 ENGINE DRIVEABILITY AND EMISSIONS
BACKFIRE SYMPTOM
DEFINITIONS: Fuel ignites in the intake manifold, or in the ex haust system, making a loud popping noise.
Step Action Value(s) Yes No
1Was the “On-Board Diagnostic (OBD) System Check”
performed?—Go to Step 2Go to OBD
System Check
2 1. Perform a bulletin search.
2. If a bulletin that addresses the symptom is found,
correct the condition as instructed in the bulletin.
Was a bulletin found that addresses the symptom?—Verify repair Go to Step 3
3 Was a visual/physical check performed?
—Go to Step 4Go to Visual /
physical Check.
4 Check for proper ignition voltage output with the spark
tester.
Was a problem found?—Verify repair Go to Step 5
5 1. Remove the spark plugs and check for gas or oil
fouling cracks, wear, improper gap, burned
electrodes, heavy deposits, or improper heat
range.
2. If spark plugs are fouled, the cause of fouling must
be determined before replacing the spark plugs.
Was a problem found?—Verify repair Go to Step 6
6 Visually/physically inspect all spark plug high-tension
cables. Check for the following conditions:
Verify that the resistance of all spark plug high-
tension cables are less than the specified value.
Verify that the all spark plug high-tension cables are
correctly fitted to eliminate cross-fitting.
Verify that the all spark plug high-tension cables are
not arcing to ground.
Spraying the spark plug high-tension cables with a
light mist of water may help locate an intermittent
problem.
Was a problem found?#1 cyl. 4.4k
#2 cyl. 3.6k
#3 cyl. 3.1k
#4 cyl. 2.8kVerify repair Go to Step 7
7 Check the fuel pressure. Refer to 6E-108 page “Fuel
System Diagnosis” .
Was a problem found?—Verify repair Go to Step 8
8 Check for an intermittent ignition system malfunction:
Intermittent CKP 58X signal
Intermittent ignition feed circuit or sensor ground
circuit to the crankshaft position sensor.
Was a problem found?—Verify repair Go to Step 9
9 Refer to 6E-108 page Fuel System Diagnosis to
determine if there is a problem with fuel delivery.
Was a problem found?—Verify repair Go to Step 10
SHEET METAL 2B-3
Important Operations - Removal
1. Washer Nozzle Tube
1) Open the hood.
2) Support the hood.
3) Remove the windshield washer nozzle tube.
2. Hood Hinge Bolts
Before removing
the hinges from the engine hood, scribe a
mark showing location of
the hinges to facilitate installation in
the original position.
RTW32BSH000101
Important Operations - Installation
3. Engine Hood
Check the engine hood and fender. (1)
Clearance : 4.0 mm (0.16 in)
Height (step) : Flushness
Adjust clearance with the hinges on the engine hood.
Adjust height (step) with the hood rests (1).
Engine Hood Striker
Apply a light coat of grease to the striker.
1-34 HEATER AND AIR CONDITIONING
9) Check for refrigerant leaks by using a HFC-134a leak
detector.
A fully charged system is indicated by the sight glass on
the receiver/drier being free of any bubbles (Refer to
"Reading Sight Glass").
Check the high and low pressure value of the manifold
gauge. (Refer to “CHECKING REFRIGERANT SYSTEM
WITH MAINFOLD GAUGE” in SERVICE
INFORMATION.)
Immediately after charging refrigerant, both high and low
pressures are slightly high and to the left of the gauge, but they
settle down to the guide pressure valves as shown below:
Ambient temperature; 3035C (8695F)
Guide pressure
High-pressure side;
Approx. 1373
1670 kPa (14
17 kg/cm
2 / 199
242 PSI)
Low-pressure side;
Approx. 127
245 kPa (1.3
2.5 kg/cm
2 / 18
36 PSI)
10) Close the low pressure hand valve and charge valve of the
refrigerant container.
11) Stop the air conditioning and the engine.
12) Disconnect the high and low pressure hoses from the
manifold gauge fittings.
HEATER AND AIR CONDITIONING 1-35
Reading Sight Glass
High and low
pressure pipe
temperature The high pressure
pipe is hot and the
low pressure pipe
is cold. There is a
distinct difference
in temperature
between them. The high pressure
pipe is warm and
the low pressure
pipe is cool. There
is no great
difference in
temperature
between them. There is little
difference in
temperature
between the high
pressure pipe and
the low pressure
pipe. The high pressure
pipe is hot and the
low pressure pipe
is slightly warm.
There is a
difference in
temperature
between them.
Sight glass
condition Almost transparent.
A flow of bubbles
can be seen, but
they disappear
when the throttle is
opened.
A flow of bubbles
always can be
seen. It appears
sometimes
transparent, and
sometimes frothy.
Something like fog
faintly can be seen.
Evan at idle with
the fan at "HI" (with
the window fully
open), the bubbles
cannot be seen.
Air conditioning
cycle condition
OK NG
(Not enough
refrigerant) NG
(Almost no
refrigerant) NG
(Too much
refrigerant)
The sight glass provides accurate diagnosis only under the following conditions.
If the vehicle can be tested under these conditions, check the sight glass appearance and compare to the chart.
* Engine speed Idling
* A/C switch "ON"
* Blower fan operating at highest speed
* Air source selector lever at "RECIRC"
* Temperature control knob at coldest position
* Ambient temperature below 35
C (95
F) and humidity below 70% (See NOTE 1)
* High side pressure less than 1470 kPa (15 kg/cm
2 / 213 PSI) (See NOTE 2)
NOTE 1
If the vehicle cannot be moved to a testing location that meets these specifications, then the sight glass cannot be
used for diagnosis. You must discharge and recover the refrigerant, then recharge the system with the specified
amount of refrigerant. Then continue checking the system performance.
NOTE 2
If the high side pressure is greater than stated, the sight glass cannot be used for diagnosis. You must discharge
and recover the refrigerant, then recharge the system with the specified amount of refrigerant. Then continue
checking system performance.
3B-8 POWER-ASSISTED STEERING SYSTEM
6. Fully close the shutoff valve. Record the highest
pressures.
If the pressure recorded is within 9300-9800 kPa
(95-100 kg/cm
2/1350-1420 psi), the pump is
functioning within its specifications.
If the pressure recorded is higher than 9800 kPa
(100 kg/cm
2/1420 psi), the valve in the pump is
defective.
If the pressure recorded is lower than 9300 kPa (95
kg/cm
2/1350 psi), the valve or the rotating group in
the pump is defective.
7. If the pump pressures are within specifications,
leave the valve open and turn (or have someone
else turn) the steering wheel fully in both directions.
Record the highest pressures and compare with the
maximum pump pressure recorded in step 6. If this
pressure cannot be built in either side of the powe
r
steering unit, the power steering unit is leaking
internally and must be replaced.
8. Shut the engine off, remove the testing gauge.
9. Reconnect the pressure hose, check the fluid level
and make the needed repairs.
10. If the problem still exists, the steering and fron
t
suspension must be thoroughly examined.
Maintenance
The hydraulic system should be kept clean and fluid
level in the reservoir should be checked at regula
r
intervals and fluid added when required. Refer to
Recommended Fluids and Lubricants in General
Information section for the type of fluid to be used and
the intervals for filling.
If the system contains some dirt, flush it as described in
this section. If it is exceptionally dirty, the pump must be
completely disassembled before further usage. (The
steering unit cannot be disassembled.)
All tubes, hoses, and fittings should be inspected for
leakage at regular intervals. Fittings must be tight. Make
sure the clips, clamps and supporting tubes and hoses
are in place and properly secured.
Power steering hoses and lines must not be twisted,
kinked or tightly bent. Air in the system will cause
spongy action and noisy operation. When a hose is
disconnected or when fluid is lost, for any reason, the
system must be bled after refilling. Refer to Bleeding the
Power Steering System in this section.
Inspect belt for tightness.
Inspect pulley for looseness or damage. The pulle
y
should not wobble with the engine running.
Inspect hoses so they are not touching any othe
r
parts of the vehicle.
Inspect fluid level and fill to the proper level.
Fluid Level
1. Run the engine until the power steering fluid
reaches normal operating temperature, about 55
C (130
F), then shut the engine off.
2. Check the level of fluid in the reservoir.
3. If the fluid level is low, add power steering fluid as
specified in General Information to the proper level
and install the receiver cap.
4. When checking the fluid level after the steering
system has been serviced, air must be bled from
the system. Refer to Bleeding the Power Steering
System in this section.
Bleeding The Power Steering System
When a power steering pump or unit has been installed,
or an oil line has been disconnected, the air that has
entered the system must be bled out before the vehicle
is operated. If air is allowed to remain in the powe
r
steering fluid system, noisy and unsatisfactory operation
of the system may result.
Bleeding Procedure
When bleeding the system, and any time fluid is added
to the power steering system, be sure to use only powe
r
steering fluid as specified in General Information.
1. Fill the pump fluid reservoir to the proper level and
let the fluid settle for at least two minutes.
2. Start the engine and let it run for a few seconds. Do
not turn the steering wheel. Then turn the engine
off.
3. Add fluid if necessary.
4. Repeat the above procedure until the fluid level
remains constant after running the engine.
5. Raise and support the front end of the vehicle so
that the wheels are off the ground.
6. Start the engine. Slowly turn the steering wheel right
and left, lightly contacting the wheel stops.
7. Add power steering fluid if necessary.
8. Lower the vehicle, set the steering wheel at the
straight forward position after turning it to its full
steer positions 2 or 3 times, and stop the engine.
9. Check the fluid level and refill as required.
10. If the fluid is extremely foamy, allow the vehicle to
set a few minutes, then repeat the above procedure.
Flushing The Power Steering System
1. Raise and support the front end of the vehicle off
the ground until the wheels are free to turn.
2. Remove the fluid return line at the pump inlet
connector and plug the connector port on the pump.
Position the line toward a large container to catch
the draining fluid.
3. While running the engine at idle, fill the reservoi
r
with new power steering fluid. Turn the steering
wheel in both directions. Do not contact or hold the
steering wheel to the wheel stops. This will cause
the pump to go to pressure relief mode, which ma
y
cause a sudden fluid overflow at the reservoir.
3B-48 POWER-ASSISTED STEERING SYSTEM
13. Align the each snap stud of driver air bag to the hole
of steering wheel. (with SRS air bag)
060R300030
060R300020
14. Push the SRS air bag area1 and area2. At that time
confirm the audible noise of each stud. (with SRS ai
r
bag)
060R300036
15. Enable the SRS (Refer to "Enabling the SRS" in this
section). (with SRS air bag)
16. Install driver knee bolster (reinforcement).
17. Install instrument panel lower cover then Install the
engine hood opening lever.
18. Connect the SRS connector. (with SRS air bag)
19. Connect the battery "-" terminal cable. (with SRS ai
r
bag)
20. Turn the ignition switch to "ON" while watching
warning light and check the light should flash 7 times
and then go off. If lamp does not operate correctly,
refer to Restraints section.
7D1-14 TRANSFER CONTROL SYSTEM
Operational limits (4H
4L) (Vehicle speed, engine speed, and transmission position not specified)
Item 4WD
lamp 4L lampNeutral
lamp Check
4WD
warning
light 4WD
switch Actuator
detection
(limit)
switches
LS1, LS2,
LS3. and
LS4
1 = on
2 = off Transfer
4WD
switch Transfer
neutral
switch SOF
actuator
switch
Or
Axle
dummyRemarks
4H On Off Off Off Open 0,0,1,1 Closed Open Closed -----
4H start
of
operation On Off Off Off 4L
position
for 0.1
second 0,0,1,1 Closed Open Closed -----
10
second
display
during
limitation On Blinking
(4HZ) Off Off Open 0,0,1,1 Closed Open Closed No
operation
during
limitation
Go to 4H
after 10
seconds
On Off Off Off Open 0,0,1,1 Closed Open Closed -----
Operational limits (4L
4H) (Vehicle speed, engine speed, and transmission position not specified)
Item 4WD
lamp 4L lampNeutral
lamp Check
4WD
warning
light 4WD
switch Actuator
detection
(limit)
switches
LS1, LS2,
LS3. and
LS4
1 = on
2 = off Transfer
4WD
switch Transfer
neutral
switch SOF
actuator
switch
Or
Axle
dummyRemarks
4L On On Off Off No
operation1,1,0,1 Closed Open Closed -----
4L start of
operation On On Off Off 4H
position
for 0.1
second 1,1,0,1 Closed Open Closed -----
10
second
display
during
limitation On Blinking
(4HZ) Off Off Open 1,1,0,1 Closed Open Closed No
operation
during
limitation
Go to 4L
after 10
seconds
On On Off Off No
operation1,1,0,1 Closed Open Closed -----
Under some conditions, a secondary operational indication may be received when the 4Hz operational indication
is present.