2003 NISSAN ALMERA N16 Automatic air conditioner

Edition: August 2003
Release: October 2003 (01)
Publication No.: SM3E00-1N16E1E
Reference No.: 7711347018
GENERAL INFORMATIONGI
MAINTENANCEMA
ENGINE MECHANICAL – QGEM-QG
ENGINE MECHANICAL – YDEM-YD
ENGINE LUBRICATION &
COOLING SYSTEMSLC
ENGINE CONTROL SYSTEM – QGEC - QG
ENGINE CONTROL SYSTEM – YDEC - YD
ACCELERATOR CONTROL,
FUEL & EXHAUST SYSTEMSFE
CLUTCHCL
MANUAL TRANSAXLEMT
AUTOMATIC TRANSAXLEAT
FRONT & REAR AXLEAX
FRONT & REAR SUSPENSIONSU
BRAKE SYSTEMBR
STEERING SYSTEMST
RESTRAINT SYSTEMRS
BODY & TRIMBT
HEATER & MANUAL AIR CONDITIONERHA
AUTOMATIC AIR CONDITIONERATC
STARTING & CHARGING SYSTEMSSC
ELECTRICAL SYSTEMEL
ALPHABETICAL INDEXIDX
ALMERA
MODEL N16 SERIES
NISSAN EUROPE S.A.S.
© 2003 NISSAN EUROPE S.A.S.
Produced in The Netherlands
Not to be reproduced in whole or in part
without the prior written permission of
Nissan Europe S.A.S., Paris, France.
QUICK REFERENCE INDEX

SERVICE DATA AND SPECIFICATIONSare contained at the end of each section for quick reference of
data.
The followingSYMBOLS AND ABBREVIATIONSare used:
SYMBOL ABBREVIATION SYMBOL ABBREVIATION
Tightening torque
2WD2-Wheel Drive
Should be lubricated with grease. Unless oth-
erwise indicated, use recommended multi-pur-
pose grease.A/CAir Conditioner
Should be lubricated with oil. P/S Power Steering
Sealing point SST Special Service Tools
Checking point SAE Society of Automotive Engineers, Inc.
Always replace after every disassembly. ATF Automatic Transmission Fluid
P
Apply petroleum jelly.
D1Drive range 1st gear
Apply ATF. D2Drive range 2nd gear
★Select with proper thickness. D
3Drive range 3rd gear
✩Adjustment is required. D
4Drive range 4th gear
SDS Service Data and Specifications OD Overdrive
LH, RH Left-Hand, Right-Hand 2
22nd range 2nd gear
FR, RR Front, Rear 2
12nd range 1st gear
M/T Manual Transaxle/Transmission 1
21st range 2nd gear
A/T Automatic Transaxle/Transmission 1
11st range 1st gear
MA
EM
LC
EC
FE
CL
MT
AT
AX
SU
BR
ST
RS
BT
HA
SC
EL
IDX
HOW TO USE THIS MANUAL
GI-11

NJMA0036
Shown below are Pre-delivery Inspection Items required for the new vehicle. It is recommended that
necessary items other than those listed here be added, paying due regard tothe conditions in each
country.
Perform applicable items on each model. Consult text of this section for specifications.
UNDER HOOD — engine off
Radiator coolant level and coolant hose connections for leaks
Battery fluid level, specific gravity and conditions of battery terminals
Drive belts tension
Fuel filter for water or dusts (Diesel only), and fuel lines and connections for leaks
Engine oil level and oil leaks
Clutch and brake reservoir fluid level and fluid lines for leaks
Windshield and rear window washer and headlamp cleaner reservoir fluid level
Power steering reservoir fluid level and hose connections for leaks
ON INSIDE AND OUTSIDE
Remove front spring/strut spacer (If applicable)
Operation of all instruments, gauges, lights and accessories
Operation of horn(s), wiper and washer
Steering lock for operation
Check air conditioner for gas leaks
Front and rear seats, and seat belts for operation
All moldings, trims and fittings for fit and alignment
All windows for operation and alignment
Hood, trunk lid, door panels for fit and alignment
Latches, keys and locks for operation
Weatherstrips for adhesion and fit
Headlamp aiming
Tighten wheel nuts (Inc. inner nuts if applicable)
Tire pressure (Inc. spare tire)
Check front wheels for toe-in
Install clock/voltmeter/room lamp fuse (If applicable)
Install deodorizing filter to air conditioner (If applicable)
Remove wiper blade protectors (If applicable)
UNDER BODY
Manual transmission/transaxle, transfer and differential gear oil level
Brake and fuel lines and oil/fluid reservoirs for leaks
Tighten bolts and nuts of steering linkage and gear box, suspension, propeller shafts and drive shafts
Tighten rear body bolts and nuts (Models with wooden bed only)
ROAD TEST
Clutch operation
Parking brake operation
Service brake operation
Automatic transmission/transaxle shift timing and kickdown
Steering control and returnability
Engine performance
Squeaks and rattles
ENGINE OPERATING AND HOT
Adjust idle speed
Automatic transmission/transaxle fluid level
Engine idling and stop knob operation (Diesel only)
FINAL INSPECTION
Install necessary parts (outside mirror, wheel covers, seat belts, mat, carpet or mud flaps)
Inspect for interior and exterior metal and paint damage
Check for spare tire, jack, tools (wheel chock), and literature
Wash, clean interior and exterior
: Not applicable to this model
PRE-DELIVERY INSPECTION ITEMS
MA-2

ATC-1
AUTOMATIC AIR CONDITIONER
J AIR CONDITIONER
CONTENTS
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SECTION
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AUTOMATIC AIR CONDITIONER
PRECAUTIONS .......................................................... 4
Precautions for Supplemental Restraint System
(SRS) “AIR BAG” and “SEAT BELT PRE-TEN-
SIONER” .................................................................. 4
Precautions for Working with HFC-134a (R-134a) ..... 4
General Refrigerant Precautions .............................. 4
Lubricant Precautions .............................................. 5
Precautions for Refrigerant Connection ................... 5
FEATURES OF NEW TYPE REFRIGERANT
CONNECTION ...................................................... 5
O-RING AND REFRIGERANT CONNECTION ..... 6
Precautions for Servicing Compressor ..................... 7
Precautions for Service Equipment .......................... 7
RECOVERY/RECYCLING EQUIPMENT .............. 7
ELECTRONIC LEAK DETECTOR ........................ 8
VACUUM PUMP ................................................... 8
MANIFOLD GAUGE SET ...................................... 8
SERVICE HOSES ................................................. 8
SERVICE COUPLERS .......................................... 9
REFRIGERANT WEIGHT SCALE ........................ 9
CALIBRATING ACR4 WEIGHT SCALE ................ 9
CHARGING CYLINDER ........................................ 9
Precautions for Leak Detection Dye ......................... 9
IDENTIFICATION ................................................ 10
IDENTIFICATION LABEL FOR VEHICLE ........... 10
Wiring Diagrams and Trouble Diagnosis ................ 10
PREPARATION ..........................................................11
Special Service Tools .............................................. 11
HFC-134a (R-134a) Service Tools and Equipment .... 11
REFRIGERATION SYSTEM ..................................... 15
Refrigerant Cycle ................................................... 15
REFRIGERANT FLOW ....................................... 15
FREEZE PROTECTION ..................................... 15
Refrigerant System Protection ............................... 15
REFRIGERANT PRESSURE SENSOR (WITH
GASOLINE ENGINE) .......................................... 15
DUAL-PRESSURE SWITCH (WITH DIESEL
ENGINE) ............................................................. 15
PRESSURE RELIEF VALVE ............................... 15
CSV613 Variable Displacement Compressor ......... 16GENERAL INFORMATION ................................. 16
DESCRIPTION .................................................... 16
Component Layout ................................................. 19
LUBRICANT .............................................................. 20
Maintenance of Lubricant Quantity in Compressor ... 20
LUBRICANT ........................................................ 20
LUBRICANT RETURN OPERATION .................. 20
LUBRICANT ADJUSTING PROCEDURE FOR
COMPONENTS REPLACEMENT EXCEPT
COMPRESSOR .................................................. 21
LUBRICANT ADJUSTING PROCEDURE FOR
COMPRESSOR REPLACEMENT ....................... 21
AIR CONDITIONER CONTROL ............................... 22
Overview Air Conditioner LAN Control System ...... 22
System Construction .............................................. 22
OPERATION ........................................................ 22
TRANSMISSION DATA AND TRANSMISSION
ORDER ............................................................... 23
AIR MIX DOOR CONTROL (AUTOMATIC TEM-
PERATURE CONTROL) ..................................... 23
FAN SPEED CONTROL ...................................... 24
INTAKE DOOR CONTROL ................................. 24
OUTLET DOOR CONTROL ................................ 24
MAGNET CLUTCH CONTROL ........................... 24
SELF-DIAGNOSTIC SYSTEM ............................ 24
Overview of Control system .................................... 24
Control Operation ................................................... 25
DISPLAY SCREEN .............................................. 25
AUTO SWITCH ................................................... 25
TEMPERATURE DIAL (POTENTIO TEMPERA-
TURE CONTROL) ............................................... 25
A/C SWITCH ....................................................... 25
DEFROSTER (DEF) SWITCH ............................. 25
MODE SWITCH .................................................. 25
FAN SWITCH ...................................................... 25
OFF SWITCH ...................................................... 25
FRESH (FRE) SWITCH ...................................... 25
RECIRCULATION (REC) SWITCH ..................... 26
REAR WINDOW DEFOGGER SWITCH ............. 26
Fail-safe Function ................................................... 26

AIR CONDITIONER CONTROL
ATC-23
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TRANSMISSION DATA AND TRANSMISSION ORDER
Amplifier data is transmitted consecutively to each of the door motors following the form shown in figure below.
Start: Initial compulsory signal sent to each of the door motors.
Address: Data sent from the auto amplifier is selected according to data-based decisions made by the air mix
door motor, mode door motor and intake door motor.
If the addresses are identical, the opening angle data and error check signals are received by the door motor
LCUs. The LCUs then make the appropriate error decision. If the opening angle data is usual, door control
begins.
If an error exists, the received data is rejected and corrected data received. Finally, door control is based upon
the corrected opening angle data.
Opening angle:
Data that shows the indicated door opening angle of each door motor.
Error check:
Procedure by which sent and received data is checked for errors. Error data is then compiled. The error check
prevents corrupted data from being used by the air mix door motor, mode door motor and intake door motor.
Error data can be related to the following problems.
●Unusual electrical frequency
●Poor electrical connections
●Signal leakage from transmission lines
●Signal level fluctuation
Stop signal:
At the end of each transmission, a stop operation, in-operation, or internal problem message is delivered to
the auto amplifier. This completes one data transmission and control cycle.
AIR MIX DOOR CONTROL (AUTOMATIC TEMPERATURE CONTROL)
The air mix door is automatically controlled so that in-vehicle temperature is maintained at a predetermined
value by: The temperature setting, ambient temperature, in-vehicle temperature and amount of sunload.
RHA351H
RHA352H

ATC-24
AIR CONDITIONER CONTROL
FAN SPEED CONTROL
Blower speed is automatically controlled based on temperature setting, ambient temperature, in-vehicle tem-
perature, intake temperature, amount of sunload and air mix door position.
With FAN switch set to AUTO, the blower motor starts to gradually increase air flow volume.
When engine coolant temperature is low, the blower motor operation is delayed to prevent cool air from flow-
ing.
INTAKE DOOR CONTROL
The intake doors are automatically controlled by: The temperature setting, ambient temperature, in-vehicle
temperature, intake temperature, amount of sunload and ON-OFF operation of the compressor.
OUTLET DOOR CONTROL
The outlet door is automatically controlled by: The temperature setting, ambient temperature, in-vehicle tem-
perature, intake temperature and amount of sunload.
MAGNET CLUTCH CONTROL
The ECM controls compressor operation using input signals from the refrigerant pressure sensor (with QG
engine), throttle position sensor and auto amplifier.
SELF-DIAGNOSTIC SYSTEM
The self-diagnostic system is built into the auto amplifier (LCU) to quickly locate the cause of problems.
Overview of Control systemEJS001Z7
The control system consists of input sensors, switches, the automatic amplifier (microcomputer) and outputs.
The relationship of these components is shown in the diagram below:
RJIA0687E

AIR CONDITIONER CONTROL
ATC-25
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Control OperationEJS001Z8
DISPLAY SCREEN
Displays the operational status of the system.
AUTO SWITCH
The compressor, intake doors, air mix doors, outlet doors and blower speed are automatically controlled so
that the in-vehicle temperature will reach, and be maintained at the set temperature selected by the operator.
TEMPERATURE DIAL (POTENTIO TEMPERATURE CONTROL)
Increase or decrease the set temperature.
A/C SWITCH
The compressor is ON or OFF.
(Pressing the A/C switch when the AUTO switch is ON will turn off the A/C switch and compressor.)
DEFROSTER (DEF) SWITCH
Positions the air outlet doors to the defrost position. Also positions the intake doors to the outside air position.
MODE SWITCH
Control the air discharge outlets.
FAN SWITCH
Manually controls the blower speed. Five speeds are available for manual control (as shown on the display
screen).
OFF SWITCH
The compressor and blower are OFF, the intake doors are set to the outside air position, and the air outlet
doors are set to the foot position.
FRESH (FRE) SWITCH
OFF position: Interior air is recirculated inside the vehicle.
ON position: Outside air is drawn into the passenger compartment.
(When RECIRCULATION switch is ON, the FRESH switch turns OFF automatically.)
RJIA1675E

ATC-26
AIR CONDITIONER CONTROL
RECIRCULATION (REC) SWITCH
OFF position: Outside air is drawn into the passenger compartment.
ON position: Interior air is drawn into the passenger compartment.
(When the FRESH switch is ON or the compressor is turned from ON to OFF, the RECIRCULATION switch
turns OFF automatically.)
REAR WINDOW DEFOGGER SWITCH
When illumination is ON, rear window is defogged.
Fail-safe FunctionEJS001Z9
If fail-safe request signal is sent from AV control unit, or if communication error exists between auto amplifier
and AV control unit for at least 30 seconds, air conditioner is controlled under following conditions.
Compressor : ON
Air inlet : Fresh
Air outlet : AUTO
Blower fan speed : AUTO
Set temperature : Setting before communication error occurs