2001 TOYOTA HIGHLANDER timing

TightenFix
A52459
Paint Mark7 Links
Timing Mark
Groove Paint Mark
Timing Marks
A52460
Raise
PinHook
Push
A52461
Engine
Front
A52462
- ENGINE MECHANICALVALVE CLEARANCE (2AZ-FE)
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2005 HIGHLANDER REPAIR MANUAL (RM1144U)
(4) Fix the camshaft with a wrench, then tighten the
sprocket bolt.
Torque: 54 NVm (551 kgfVcm, 40 ftVlbf)
NOTICE:
Be careful not to damage the valve lifter.
(k) Check that the timing chain paint marks are aligned with
the camshaft timing sprocket timing mark and the cam-
shaft timing gear timing mark. Also check the alignment
of the pulley groove and chain cover timing mark.
(l) Install the chain tensioner.
(1) Release the ratchet pawl, fully push in the plunger
and apply the hook to the pin so that the plunger
cannot spring out.
(2) Install a new gasket and the chain tensioner with the
2 nuts.
Torque: 9.0 NVm (92 kgfVcm, 80 in.Vlbf)
NOTICE:
When installing the tensioner, set the hook again if the
hook releases the plunger.

*The titles given inside the components are the names of the terminals (terminal codes) and are not treated as being
abbreviations.
2005 HIGHLANDER (EWD592U)
17
ABBREVIATIONS D
ABBREVIATIONS
The following abbreviations are used in this manual.
2WD = Two Wheel Drive Vehicles
A/C = Air Conditioning
A/T = Automatic Transaxle
ABS = Anti-Lock Brake System
ACIS = Acoustic Control Induction System
ACM = Active Control Engine Mount
BEAN = Body Electronics Area Network
CAN = Controller Area Network
EC = Electrochromic
ECU = Electronic Control Unit
ESA = Electronic Spark Advance
EVAP = Evaporative Emission
IC = Integrated Circuit
J/B = Junction Block
LH = Left-Hand
O/D = Overdrive
R/B = Relay Block
RH = Right-Hand
SFI = Sequential Multiport Fuel Injection
SRS = Supplemental Restraint System
SW = Switch
TEMP. = Temperature
TRAC = Traction Control
VSC = Vehicle Stability Control
VSV = Vacuum Switching Valve
VVT = Variable Valve Timing
w/ = With
w/o = Without

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2005 HIGHLANDER REPAIR MANUAL (RM1144U)
SFI SYSTEM (2AZ-FE)
DEFINITION OF TERMS
TermDefinition
Monitor descriptionDescription of what the ECM monitors and how it detects malfunctions (monitoring purpose and its details).
Related DTCsA group of diagnostic trouble codes that are output by the ECM based on the same malfunction detection logic.
Typical enabling condition
Preconditions that allow the ECM to detect malfunctions.
With all preconditions satisfied, the ECM sets the DTC when the monitored value(s) exceeds the malfunction
threshold(s).
Sequence of operation
The priority order that is applied to monitoring, if multiple sensors and components are used to detect the malfunc-
tion.
When a sensor is being monitored, the next sensor or component will not be monitored until the current sensor
monitoring is finished.
Required sensor/compo-
nentsThe sensors and components that are used by the ECM to detect malfunctions.
Frequency of operation
The number of times that the ECM checks for malfunctions per driving cycle.
ºOnce per driving cycleº means that the ECM detects the malfunction only one time during a single driving cycle.
ºContinuousº means that the ECM detects the malfunction every time an enabling condition is met.
DurationThe minimum time that the ECM must sense a continuous deviation in the monitored value(s) before setting a
DTC. This timing begins after the ºtypical enabling conditionsº are met.
Malfunction thresholdsBeyond this value, the ECM will conclude that there is a malfunction and set a DTC.
MIL operation
MIL illumination timing after a defect is detected.
ºImmediateº means that the ECM illuminates the MIL the instant the ECM determines that there is a malfunction.
º2 driving cyclesº means that the ECM illuminates the MIL if the same malfunction is detected again in the 2nd
driving cycle.

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DATA LIST/ACTIIVE TEST/SYSTEM CHECK/SYSTEM CHECK
1. DATA LIST
HINT:
Using the hand-held tester DATA LIST allows switch, sensor, actuator and other item values to be read with-
out removing any parts. Reading the DATA LIST early in troubleshooting is one way to shorten labor time.
NOTICE:
In the table below, the values listed under ºNormal Conditionº are reference values. Do not depend
solely on the these reference values when deciding whether a part is faulty or not.
(a) Warm up the engine.
(b) Turn the ignition switch OFF.
(c) Connect the hand-held tester or the OBD II scan tool to the DLC3.
(d) Turn the ignition switch ON.
(e) Turn ON the hand-held tester or the OBD II scan tool.
(f) Enter the following menus: DIAGNOSIS / ENHANCED OBD II / DATA LIST.
(g) According to the display on tester, read the ºDATA LISTº.
Hand-held Tester DisplayMeasurement Item/Range
(Display)Normal Condition*Diagnostic Note
INJECTORInjection period/
Minimum: 0 ms, Maximum: 32.64 msIdling: 1.92 to 3.37 ms-
IGN ADVANCEIgnition timing advance/
Minimum: -64 deg., Maximum: 63.5 deg.Idling: BTDC 5 to 15 deg.-
CALC LOADCalculated load by ECM/
Minimum: 0 %, Maximum: 100 %
Idling: 3.3 to 26.7 %

Racing without load (2500 rpm):
12.0 to 14.7 %
-
MAFAir flow rate from MAF meter/
Minimum: 0 gm/s, Maximum: 655 gm/s

Idling:
0.58 to 4.67 gm/second

Racing without load (2,500 rpm):
3.33 to 9.17 gm/second
If value is approximately 0.0 gm/s:

Mass air flow meter power
source circuit open

VG circuit open or short
If value is 160.0 gm/s or more:

EVG circuit open
ENGINE SPDEngine Speed/
Minimum: 0 rpm, Maximum: 16,383 rpmIdling:
550 to 750 rpm-
COOLANT TEMPCoolant temperature/
Minimum: -40C, Maximum: 140CAfter warming up: 80 to 95°C
(176 to 203°F)

If value is -40C (-40F): sensor
circuit is open

If value is 140C (284F) or
more:
sensor circuit is shorted
INTAKE AIRIntake air temperature/
Minimum: -40C, Maximum: 140CEquivalent to ambient temperature
(after cold soak)

If value is -40C (-40F): sensor
circuit is open

If value is 140C (284F) or
more:
sensor circuit is shorted
THROTTLE POSAbsolute throttle position sensor/
Minimum: 0 %, Maximum: 100 %
Throttle fully closed: 6 to 16 %

Throttle fully open: 64 to 98 %Read value with ignition switch ON
(do not start engine)
CTP SWClosed throttle position switch/
ON or OFF
Throttle fully closed: ON

Throttle open: OFF-
VEHICLE SPDVehicle speed/
Minimum: 0 km/h, Maximum: 255 km/hVehicle stopped: 0 km/h (0 mph)Speed indicated on speedometer
ACCEL POS #1
Accelerator pedal position sensor No.1
output voltage/
Minimum: 0 V, Maximum: 5 V
Accelerator released:
0.5 to 1.1 V

Accelerator depressed:
2.6 to 4.5 V
Read value with ignition switch ON
(do not start engine)
ACCEL POS #2
Accelerator pedal position sensor No. 2
output voltage/
Minimum: 0 V, Maximum: 5 V
Accelerator released:
1.2 to 2.0 V

Accelerator depressed:
3.4 to 5.3 V
Read value with ignition switch ON
(do not start engine)

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- DIAGNOSTICSSFI SYSTEM (3MZ-FE)(From August, 2004)
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DATA LIST/ACTIVE TEST
1. DATA LIST
HINT:
Using the hand-held tester DATA LIST allows switch, sensor, actuator and other item values to be read with-
out removing any parts. Reading the DATA LIST early in troubleshooting is one way to shorten labor time.
NOTICE:
In the table below, the values listed under ºNormal Conditionº are reference values. Do not depend
solely on these reference values when deciding whether a part is faulty or not.
(a) Warm up the engine.
(b) Turn the ignition switch OFF.
(c) Connect the hand-held tester or the OBD II scan tool to the DLC3.
(d) Turn the ignition switch ON.
(e) Turn ON the hand-held tester.
(f) Enter the following menus: DIAGNOSIS / ENHANCED OBD II / DATA LIST.
(g) According to the display on tester, read the ºDATA LISTº.
Hand-held Tester DisplayMeasurement Item/Range
(Display)Normal Condition *Diagnostic Note
INJECTOR
Injection period of the No. 1 cylin-
der/
Minimum: 0 ms, Maximum: 32.64
ms
Idling: 1.5 to 2.8 ms'
IGN ADVANCE
Ignition timing advance for No. 1
cylinder/
Minimum: -64 deg., Maximum:
63.5 deg.
Idling: BTDC 5 to 25°'
CALC LOADCalculated load by ECM/
Minimum: 0 %, Maximum: 100 %
Idling: 10.4 to 15.6 %

Running without load (2,500
rpm): 12.1 to 18.2 %
'
MAF
Air flow rate from MAF meter/
Minimum: 0 gm/s, Maximum: 655
gm/s
Idling: 2.0 to 3.7 gm/s

Running without load (2,500
rpm): 2.4 to 4.3 gm/s
If value is approximately 0.0 gm/s:

Mass air flow meter power
source circuit open

VG circuit open or short
If value is 160.0 gm/s or more:

E2G circuit open
ENGINE SPD
Engine speed/
Minimum: 0 rpm, Maximum:
16,383 rpm
Idling: 580 to 750 rpm'
COOLANT TEMP
Coolant temperature/
Minimum: -40C, Maximum:
140CAfter warming up: 80 to 97°C
(176 to 207°F)
If value is -40C (-40F): sensor
circuit is open
INTAKE AIR
Intake air temperature/
Minimum: -40C, Maximum:
140CEquivalent to ambient temp.
(after cold soak)
circuit is oen

If value is 140C (284F or
more): sensor circuit is shorted
THROTTLE POSAbsolute throttle position sensor/
Minimum: 0 %, Maximum: 100 %
Throttle fully closed: 10 to 24 %

Throttle fully open: 64 to 96 %Read value with ignition switch ON
(do not start engine)
CTP SWClosed throttle position switch/
ON or OFF
Throttle fully closed: ON

Throttle open: OFF'
VEHICLE SPD
Vehicle speed/
Minimum: 0 km/h, Maximum: 255
km/h
Actual vehicle speedSpeed indicated on speedometer
ACCEL POS #1
Accelerator pedal position sensor
No.1 output voltage/
Minimum: 0 V, Maximum: 5 V
Accelerator pedal released:
0.5 to 1.1 V

Accelerator pedal depressed:
2.6 to 4.5 V
Read value with ignition switch ON
(do not start engine)

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FAIL-SAFE CHART
If any of the following codes are recorded, the ECM enters fail-safe mode.
DTC No.Fail-Safe OperationFail-Safe Deactivation Conditions
P0031
P0032
P0037
P0038
Turn off heaterIgnition switch OFF
P0100
P0102
P0103Ignition timing is calculated from engine speed and throttle
angleºPassº condition detected
P0110
P0112
P0113
Intake air temperature is fixed at 20°C (68°F)ºPassº condition detected
P0115
P0116
P0117
P0118
Engine coolant temperature is fixed at 80°C (176°F)ºPassº condition detected
P0120
P0121
P0122
P0123
P0220
P0222
P0223
P0604
P0606
P0607
P0657
P2102
P2103
P2111
P2112
P2118
P2119
P2135
If Electronic Throttle Control System (ETCS) has malfunc-
tion, ECM cuts off current to throttle control motor. Throttle
control valve returns to predetermined opening angle
(approximately 16
) by force of return spring. ECM then
adjusts engine output by controlling fuel injection (intermit-
tent fuel-cut) and ignition timing in accordance with acceler-
ator pedal opening angle to enable vehicle to continue at
minimal speed.
If accelerator pedal is depressed firmly and slowly, vehicle
can be driven slowly. If accelerator pedal is depressed
quickly, vehicle may speed up and slow down erratically.
ºPassº condition is detected and then ignition switch is turned
OFF, fail-safe operation will stop and system will return to
normal condition
P0325
P0327
P0328
Maximum timing retardationIgnition switch OFF
P0351
P0352
P0353
P0354
Fuel is cutºPassº condition detected
P2120
P2121
P2122
P2123
P2125
P2127
P2128
P2138Accelerator pedal position sensor has two (main and sub)
sensor circuits. If malfunction occurs in either of sensor
circuits, ECM detects abnormal signal voltage difference
between two sensor circuits and switches to limp mode. In
limp mode, remaining circuit is used to calculate accelerator
pedal opening to allow vehicle to continue driving.
If both circuits malfunction, ECM regards opening angle of
accelerator pedal to be fully closed. In this case, throttle
valve will remain closed as if engine is idling.
ºPassº condition is detected and then ignition switch is turned
OFF, fail-safe operation will stop and system will return to
normal condition

A71007
MAF Meter Crankshaft Position Sensor
Actual Valve TimingCorrection Target Valve Timing
Feedback
Duty Control ECM
OCV
Vehicle Speed SignalECT Sensor Throttle Position Sensor
Camshaft Position Sensor
- DIAGNOSTICSSFI SYSTEM (2AZ-FE)
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2005 HIGHLANDER REPAIR MANUAL (RM1144U)
DTC P0010 CAMSHAFT POSITION ºAº ACTUATOR
CIRCUIT (BANK 1)
CIRCUIT DESCRIPTION
The Variable Valve Timing (VVT) system includes the ECM, the Oil Control Valve (OCV) and the VVT control-
ler. The ECM sends a target duty-cycle control signal to the OCV. This control signal, sent to the OCV, regu-
lates the oil pressure applied to the VVT controller. Camshaft timing control is performed based on engine
operation conditions such as intake air volume, throttle position and engine coolant temperature.
The ECM controls the OCV based on the signals output from several sensors. The VVT controller regulates
the intake camshaft angle using oil pressure through the OCV. As a result, the relative position between the
camshaft and the crankshaft is optimized. Also, the engine torque and fuel economy improve, and exhaust
emissions decrease. The ECM detects the actual valve timing using signals from the camshaft position sen-
sor and the crankshaft position sensor. The ECM performs feedback control and verifies target valve timing.
DTC No.DTC Detection ConditionTrouble Area
P0010Open or short in OCV circuit

Open or short in OCV circuit

OCV

ECM
05EST-05

A87978
C2
OCV
1
2ECM
OC1+
OC1- E9
E9 16
15 G-W
G-R
- DIAGNOSTICSSFI SYSTEM (2AZ-FE)
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2005 HIGHLANDER REPAIR MANUAL (RM1144U)
WIRING DIAGRAM
INSPECTION PROCEDURE
HINT:
Read freeze frame data using the hand-held tester or the OBD II scan tool. Freeze frame data records the
engine conditions when a malfunction is detected. When troubleshooting, freeze frame data can help deter-
mine if the vehicle was running or stopped, if the engine was warmed up or not, if the air-fuel ratio was lean
or rich, and other data from the time the malfunction occurred.
Hand-held tester:
1 PERFORM ACTIVE TEST USING HAND-HELD TESTER (OCV OPERATION)
(a) Start the engine and warm it up.
(b) Connect the hand-held tester to the DLC3.
(c) Turn ON the ignition switch. Push the hand-held tester main switch.
(d) Enter the following menus: DIAGNOSIS
/ ENHANCED OBD II / ACTIVE TEST / VVT CTRL B1.
(e) Using the hand-held tester, operate the OCV and check the engine speed.
Standard:
Tester OperationSpecified Condition
OCV is OFFNormal engine speed
OCV is ONRough idle or engine stall
OK CHECK FOR INTERMITTENT PROBLEMS
(See page 05-9)
NG
2 INSPECT CAMSHAFT TIMING OIL CONTROL VALVE ASSY (OCV) (See page
10-2)
OK: OCV has no contamination and moves smoothly.
NG REPLACE CAMSHAFT TIMING OIL CONTROL
VALVE ASSY
OK