2001 NISSAN ALMERA N16 coolant temperature

SEF217Z
SEF454Y
SEF455Y
Idle Air Volume LearningNJEC0562DESCRIPTIONNJEC0562S01ªIdle Air Volume Learningº is an operation to learn the idle air vol-
ume that keeps each engine within the specific range. It must be
performed under any of the following conditions:
+Each time IACV-AAC valve, throttle body or ECM is replaced.
+Idle speed or ignition timing is out of specification.
PRE-CONDITIONINGNJEC0562S02Before performing ªIdle Air Volume Learningº, make sure that all of
the following conditions are satisfied.
Learning will be cancelled if any of the following conditions are
missed for even a moment.
+Battery voltage: More than 12.9V (At idle)
+Engine coolant temperature: 70 - 99ÉC (158 - 210ÉF)
+PNP switch: ON
+Electric load switch: OFF
(Air conditioner, headlamp, rear window defogger)
On vehicles equipped with daytime light systems, set lighting
switch to the 1st position to light only small lamps.
+Cooling fan motor: Not operating
+Steering wheel: Neutral (Straight-ahead position)
+Vehicle speed: Stopped
+Transmission: Warmed-up
For A/T models with CONSULT-II, drive vehicle until ªFLUID
TEMP SEº in ªDATA MONITORº mode of ªA/Tº system indi-
cates less than 0.9V.
For A/T models without CONSULT-II and M/T models, drive
vehicle for 10 minutes.
OPERATION PROCEDURENJEC0562S03With CONSULT-IINJEC0562S03011. Turn ignition switch ªONº and wait at least 1 second.
2. Turn ignition switch ªOFFº and wait at least 10 seconds.
3. Start engine and warm it up to normal operating temperature.
4. Check that all items listed under the topic ªPRE-CONDITION-
INGº (previously mentioned) are in good order.
5. Turn ignition switch ªOFFº and wait at least 9 seconds.
6. Start the engine and let it idle for at least 28 seconds.
7. Select ªIDLE AIR VOL LEARNº in ªWORK SUPPORTº mode.
8. Touch ªSTARTº and wait 20 seconds.
9. Make sure that ªCMPLTº is displayed on CONSULT-II screen.
If ªINCMPº is displayed, ªIdle Air Volume Learningº will not be
carried out successfully. In this case, find the cause of the
problem by referring to the NOTE below.
10. Rev up the engine two or three times. Make sure that idle
speed and ignition timing are within specifications.
ITEM SPECIFICATION
Idle speed M/T: 700±50 rpm
A/T: 800±50 rpm (in ªPº or ªNº position)
Ignition timing M/T: 8±5É BTDC
A/T: 10±5É BTDC (in ªPº or ªNº position)
Without CONSULT-IINJEC0562S03021. Turn ignition switch ªONº and wait at least 1 second.
BASIC SERVICE PROCEDUREQG
Inspection Procedure (Cont'd)
EC-55

CONSULT-II or GST (Generic Scan Tool) Examples: P0340, P1320, P0705, P0750, etc.
These DTCs are prescribed by ISO 15031-6.
(CONSULT-II also displays the malfunctioning component or system.)
+1st trip DTC No. is the same as DTC No.
+Output of a DTC indicates a malfunction. However, Mode II and GST do not indicate whether the
malfunction is still occurring or has occurred in the past and has returned to normal.
CONSULT-II can identify malfunction status as shown below. Therefore, using CONSULT-II (if avail-
able) is recommended.
A sample of CONSULT-II display for DTC is shown below. DTC or 1st trip DTC of a malfunction is displayed
in SELF-DIAGNOSTIC RESULTS mode of CONSULT-II. Time data indicates how many times the vehicle was
driven after the last detection of a DTC.
If the DTC is being detected currently, the time data will be ª0º.
If a 1st trip DTC is stored in the ECM, the time data will be ª[1t]º.
SEF698X
Freeze Frame Data and 1st Trip Freeze Frame DataNJEC0031S0102The ECM records the driving conditions such as fuel system status, calculated load value, engine coolant
temperature, short term fuel trim, long term fuel trim, engine speed, vehicle speed, absolute throttle position,
base fuel schedule and intake air temperature at the moment a malfunction is detected.
Data which are stored in the ECM memory, along with the 1st trip DTC, are called 1st trip freeze frame data.
The data, stored together with the DTC data, are called freeze frame data and displayed on CONSULT-II or
GST. The 1st trip freeze frame data can only be displayed on the CONSULT-II screen, not on the GST. For
details, see EC-84.
Only one set of freeze frame data (either 1st trip freeze frame data or freeze frame data) can be stored in the
ECM. 1st trip freeze frame data is stored in the ECM memory along with the 1st trip DTC. There is no prior-
ity for 1st trip freeze frame data and it is updated each time a different 1st trip DTC is detected. However, once
freeze frame data (2nd trip detection/MI on) is stored in the ECM memory, 1st trip freeze frame data is no
longer stored. Remember, only one set of freeze frame data can be stored in the ECM. The ECM has the fol-
lowing priorities to update the data.
Priority Items
1Freeze frame data Misfire Ð DTC: P0300 - P0304 (0300 - 0304)
Fuel Injection System Function Ð DTC: P0171 (0171), P0172 (0172)
2 Except the above items (Includes A/T related items)
3 1st trip freeze frame data
For example, the EGR malfunction (Priority: 2) was detected and the freeze frame data was stored in the 2nd
trip. After that when the misfire (Priority: 1) is detected in another trip, the freeze frame data will be updated
from the EGR malfunction to the misfire. The 1st trip freeze frame data is updated each time a different mal-
function is detected. There is no priority for 1st trip freeze frame data. However, once freeze frame data is
stored in the ECM memory, 1st trip freeze data is no longer stored (because only one freeze frame data or
1st trip freeze frame data can be stored in the ECM). If freeze frame data is stored in the ECM memory and
freeze frame data with the same priority occurs later, the first (original) freeze frame data remains unchanged
in the ECM memory.
Both 1st trip freeze frame data and freeze frame data (along with the DTCs) are cleared when the ECM
memory is erased. Procedures for clearing the ECM memory are described in ªHow to Erase Emission-related
Diagnostic Informationº. Refer to EC-68.
ON BOARD DIAGNOSTIC SYSTEM DESCRIPTIONQG
Emission-related Diagnostic Information (Cont'd)
EC-59

+The time required for each diagnosis varies with road surface conditions, weather, altitude, individual driv-
ing habits, etc.
Zone A refers to the range where the time required, for the diagnosis under normal conditions*, is the
shortest. Zone B refers to the range where the diagnosis can still be performed if the diagnosis is not
completed within zone A.
*: Normal conditions refer to the following:
þ Sea level
þ Flat road
þ Ambient air temperature: 20 - 30ÉC (68 - 86ÉF)
þ Diagnosis is performed as quickly as possible under normal conditions.
Under different conditions [For example: ambient air temperature other than 20 - 30ÉC (68 - 86ÉF)], diag-
nosis may also be performed.
Pattern 1:
+The engine is started at the engine coolant temperature of þ10 to 35ÉC (14 to 95ÉF) (where the volt-
age between the ECM terminals 70 and 58 is 3.0 - 4.3V).
+The engine must be operated at idle speed until the engine coolant temperature is greater than 70ÉC
(158ÉF) (where the voltage between the ECM terminals 70 and 58 is lower than 1.4V).
+The engine is started at the fuel tank temperature of warmer than 0ÉC (32ÉF) (where the voltage
between the ECM terminal 82 and ground is less than 4.1V).
Pattern 2:
+When steady-state driving is performed again even after it is interrupted, each diagnosis can be conducted.
In this case, the time required for diagnosis may be extended.
*1: Depress the accelerator pedal until vehicle speed is 90 km/h (56 MPH), then release the accelerator pedal
and keep it released for more than 10 seconds. Depress the accelerator pedal until vehicle speed is 90 km/h
(56 MPH) again.
*2: Checking the vehicle speed with CONSULT-II or GST is advised.
Suggested transmission gear position for A/T models
Set the selector lever in the ªDº position with ªODº ON.
Suggested upshift speeds for M/T models
Shown below are suggested vehicle speeds for shifting into a higher gear. These suggestions relate to fuel
economy and vehicle performance. Actual upshift speeds will vary according to road conditions, the weather
and individual driving habits.
Gear changeACCEL shift point
km/h (MPH)
1st to 2nd 15 (9)
2nd to 3rd 35 (22)
3rd to 4th 50 (31)
4th to 5th 70 (43)
Test Value and Test Limit (GST only Ð not applicable to CONSULT-II)NJEC0031S0104The following is the information specified in Mode 6 of ISO 15031-5.
The test value is a parameter used to determine whether a system/circuit diagnostic test is ªOKº or ªNGº while
being monitored by the ECM during self-diagnosis. The test limit is a reference value which is specified as the
maximum or minimum value and is compared with the test value being monitored.
Items for which these data (test value and test limit) are displayed are the same as SRT code items (14 test
items).
These data (test value and test limit) are specified by Test ID (TID) and Component ID (CID) and can be dis-
played on the GST screen.
X: Applicable Ð: Not applicable
SRT item Self-diagnostic test itemTest value (GST display)
Test limit Application
TID CID
CATALYST Three way catalyst function01H 01H Max. X
02H 81H Min. X
ON BOARD DIAGNOSTIC SYSTEM DESCRIPTIONQG
Emission-related Diagnostic Information (Cont'd)
EC-65

Actual work procedures are explained using a DTC as an example. Be careful so that not only the DTC, but
all of the data listed above, are cleared from the ECM memory during work procedures.
MODELS WITHOUT EURO-OBD SYSTEMNJEC0031S07DTC and 1st Trip DTCNJEC0031S0701The 1st trip DTC (whose number is the same as the DTC number) is displayed for the latest self-diagnostic
result obtained. If the ECM memory was cleared previously, and the 1st trip DTC did not reoccur, the 1st trip
DTC will not be displayed.
If a malfunction is detected during the 1st trip, the 1st trip DTC is stored in the ECM memory. If the same mal-
function is not detected in the 2nd trip (meeting the required driving pattern), the 1st trip DTC is cleared from
the ECM memory. If the same malfunction is detected in the 2nd trip, both the 1st trip DTC and DTC are stored
in the ECM memory. In other words, the DTC is stored in the ECM memory when the same malfunction occurs
in two consecutive trips. If a 1st trip DTC is stored and a non-diagnostic operation is performed between the
1st and 2nd trips, only the 1st trip DTC will continue to be stored. For fail-safe items, the DTC is stored in the
ECM memory even in the 1st trip.
Procedures for clearing the DTC and the 1st trip DTC from the ECM memory are described in ªHow to Erase
Emission-related Diagnostic Informationº, EC-71.
When a (1st trip) DTC is detected, check, print out or write down and erase (1st trip) DTC and Freeze Frame
data as specified in ªWork Flowº procedure Step II, refer to EC-96. Then perform ªDTC Confirmation Proce-
dureº or ªOverall Function Checkº to try to duplicate the problem. If the malfunction is duplicated, the item
requires repair.
How to Read DTC and 1st Trip DTC
DTC and 1st trip DTC can be read by the following methods.
Without CONSULT-II
ECM displays the DTC by a set of four digit numbers with MI illumination in the diagnostic test mode II (Self-
diagnostic results). Example: 0100, 0115, 0340, 1335, etc.
With CONSULT-II
CONSULT-II displays the DTC in ªSELF-DIAG RESULTSº mode. Examples: P0100, P0115, P0340, P1335,
etc.
(CONSULT-II also displays the malfunctioning component or system.)
+1st trip DTC No. is the same as DTC No.
+Output of a DTC indicates a malfunction. However, ECM in the diagnostic test mode II (Self-diag-
nostic results) (If so equipped) does not indicate whether the malfunction is still occurring or has
occurred in the past and has returned to normal. CONSULT-II can identify malfunction status as
shown below. Therefore, the use of CONSULT-II (if available) is recommended.
A sample CONSULT-II display for DTC and 1st trip DTC is shown below. DTC or 1st trip DTC of a malfunc-
tion is displayed in the SELF-DIAGNOSTIC RESULTS mode of CONSULT-II. Time data indicates how many
times the vehicle was driven after the last detection of a DTC.
If the DTC is being detected currently, the time data will be ª0º.
If a 1st trip DTC is stored in the ECM, the time data will be ª[1t]º.
SEF992X
Freeze Frame Data and 1st Trip Freeze Frame DataNJEC0031S0702The ECM records the driving conditions such as fuel system status, calculated load value, engine coolant
temperature, short term fuel trim, long term fuel trim, engine speed, vehicle speed, throttle valve opening, base
fuel schedule and intake air temperature at the moment a malfunction is detected.
Data which are stored in the ECM memory, along with the 1st trip DTC, are called 1st trip freeze frame data.
The data, stored together with the DTC data, are called freeze frame data and displayed on CONSULT-II. For
details, see EC-84.
ON BOARD DIAGNOSTIC SYSTEM DESCRIPTIONQG
Emission-related Diagnostic Information (Cont'd)
EC-70

MI Fuel mixture condition in the exhaust gas Air fuel ratio feedback control condition
ON Lean
Closed loop system
OFF Rich
*Remains ON or OFF Any condition Open loop system
*: Maintains conditions just before switching to open loop.
To check the heated oxygen sensor 1 (front) function, start engine in the Diagnostic Test Mode II and warm
it up until engine coolant temperature indicator points to the middle of the gauge.
Next run engine at about 2,000 rpm for about 2 minutes under no-load conditions. Then make sure that the
MI comes ON more than 5 times within 10 seconds with engine running at 2,000 rpm under no-load.
OBD System Operation Chart (With Euro-OBD
Models Only)
NJEC0033RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN MI, 1ST TRIP DTC, DTC, AND DETECTABLE ITEMSNJEC0033S01+When a malfunction is detected for the first time, the 1st trip DTC and the 1st trip freeze frame data are
stored in the ECM memory.
+When the same malfunction is detected in two consecutive trips, the DTC and the freeze frame data are
stored in the ECM memory, and the MI will come on. For details, refer to ªTwo Trip Detection Logicº on
EC-57.
+The MI will go off after the vehicle is driven 3 times with no malfunction. The drive is counted only when
the recorded driving pattern is met (as stored in the ECM). If another malfunction occurs while counting,
the counter will reset.
+The DTC and the freeze frame data will be stored until the vehicle is driven 40 times (driving pattern A)
without the same malfunction recurring (except for Misfire and Fuel Injection System). For Misfire and Fuel
Injection System, the DTC and freeze frame data will be stored until the vehicle is driven 80 times (driv-
ing pattern C) without the same malfunction recurring. The ªTIMEº in ªSELF-DIAGNOSTIC RESULTSº
mode of CONSULT-II will count the number of times the vehicle is driven.
+The 1st trip DTC is not displayed when the self-diagnosis results in ªOKº for the 2nd trip.
SUMMARY CHARTNJEC0033S02
Items Fuel Injection System Misfire Other
MI (goes off) 3 (pattern B) 3 (pattern B) 3 (pattern B)
DTC, Freeze Frame Data (no display) 80 (pattern C) 80 (pattern C) 40 (pattern A)
1st Trip DTC (clear) 1 (pattern C), *1 1 (pattern C), *1 1 (pattern B)
1st Trip Freeze Frame Data (clear) *1, *2 *1, *2 1 (pattern B)
For details about patterns ªBº and ªCº under ªFuel Injection Systemº and ªMisfireº, see EC-78.
For details about patterns ªAº and ªBº under ªOtherº, see EC-80.
*1: Clear timing is at the moment OK is detected.
*2: Clear timing is when the same malfunction is detected in the 2nd trip.
ON BOARD DIAGNOSTIC SYSTEM DESCRIPTIONQG
Malfunction Indicator (MI) (Cont'd)
EC-76

EXPLANATION FOR DRIVING PATTERNS FOR ªMISFIRE DETERIORATION>º, ªFUEL INJECTION SYSTEMº
NJEC0033S04Driving Pattern BNJEC0033S0401Driving pattern B means the vehicle operation as follows:
All components and systems should be monitored at least once by the OBD system.
+The B counter will be cleared when the malfunction is detected once regardless of the driving pattern.
+The B counter will be counted up when driving pattern B is satisfied without any malfunction.
+The MI will go off when the B counter reaches 3. (*2 in EC-77)
Driving Pattern CNJEC0033S0402Driving pattern C means the vehicle operation as follows:
1) The following conditions should be satisfied at the same time:
Engine speed: (Engine speed in the freeze frame data)±375 rpm
Calculated load value: (Calculated load value in the freeze frame data)´(1±0.1) [%]
Engine coolant temperature (T) condition:
+When the freeze frame data shows lower than 70ÉC (158ÉF), ªTº should be lower than 70ÉC (158ÉF).
+When the freeze frame data shows higher than or equal to 70ÉC (158ÉF), ªTº should be higher than or
equal to 70ÉC (158ÉF).
Example:
If the stored freeze frame data is as follows:
Engine speed: 850 rpm, Calculated load value: 30%, Engine coolant temperature: 80ÉC (176ÉF)
To be satisfied with driving pattern C, the vehicle should run under the following conditions:
Engine speed: 475 - 1,225 rpm, Calculated load value: 27 - 33%, Engine coolant temperature: more than 70ÉC
(158ÉF)
+The C counter will be cleared when the malfunction is detected regardless of driving pattern C.
+The C counter will be counted up when driving pattern C is satisfied without the same malfunction.
+The DTC will not be displayed after C counter reaches 80.
+The 1st trip DTC will be cleared when C counter is counted once without the same malfunction after DTC
is stored in ECM.
ON BOARD DIAGNOSTIC SYSTEM DESCRIPTIONQG
OBD System Operation Chart (With Euro-OBD Models Only) (Cont'd)
EC-78

ENGINE CONTROL COMPONENT PARTS/CONTROL
SYSTEMS APPLICATION
NJEC0034S02
ItemDIAGNOSTIC TEST MODE
WORK
SUP-
PORTSELF-DIAGNOSTIC
RESULTS
D ATA
MONI-
TORD ATA
MONI-
TOR
(SPEC)ACTIVE
TESTDTC & SRT
CONFIRMATION
DTC*1FREEZE
FRAME
DATA*2SRT
STA-
TUSDTC
WORK
SUP-
PORT
ENGINE CONTROL COMPONENT PARTS
INPUTCamshaft position sensor
(PHASE)XEngine
speed
XEngine
speed
XEngine
speed
X
Crankshaft position sensor
(POS)X*3
Mass air flow sensor X X X
Engine coolant temperature
sensorXXXXX
Heated oxygen sensor 1
(front)X X X X*3 X*3
Heated oxygen sensor 2
(rear)X*3 X X X*3 X*3
Vehicle speed sensorXXXX
Throttle position sensor X X X
EGR temperature sensor*4 X*3 X X
Intake air temperature sensor X*3 X X X
Knock sensor X
Ignition switch (start signal) X X
Closed throttle position
switch*4X*3 X X
Closed throttle position switch
(throttle position sensor sig-
nal)XX
Air conditioner switch X X
Refrigerant pressure sensor X X
Park/Neutral position (PNP)
switchX*3 X X
Power steering oil pressure
switchXX
Electrical load X X
Heater fan switch X X
Battery voltage X X
ON BOARD DIAGNOSTIC SYSTEM DESCRIPTIONQG
CONSULT-II (Cont'd)
EC-82

5) System readiness test (SRT) codes
6) Test values
7) Distance traveled while MI is activated.
8) Others
WORK SUPPORT MODENJEC0034S04
WORK ITEM CONDITION USAGE
TP SW/TP SEN IDLE POSI ADJ+FOLLOW THE BASIC INSPECTION INSTRUCTION IN
THE SERVICE MANUAL.When adjusting the idle throttle
position
FUEL PRESSURE RELEASE+FUEL PUMP WILL STOP BY TOUCHING ªSTARTº
DURING IDLING.
CRANK A FEW TIMES AFTER ENGINE STALLS.When releasing fuel pressure
from fuel line
IDLE AIR VOL LEARN+THE IDLE AIR VOLUME THAT KEEPS THE ENGINE
WITHIN THE SPECIFIED RANGE IS MEMORIZED IN
ECM.When learning the idle air volume
SELF-LEARNING CONT+THE COEFFICIENT OF SELF-LEARNING CONTROL
MIXTURE RATIO RETURNS TO THE ORIGINAL
COEFFICIENT.When clear the coefficient of self-
learnign control value
TARGET IDLE RPM ADJ*+IDLE CONDITION When setting target idle speed
TARGET IGNITION TIMING ADJ*+IDLE CONDITION When adjusting target ignition tim-
ing
After adjustment, confirm target
ignition timing with a timing light.
+If once the ªTARGET IDLE
RPM ADJº has been done, the
Idle Air Volume Learning proce-
dure will not be completed.
*: This function is not necessary in the usual service procedure.
SELF DIAGNOSTIC MODENJEC0034S05DTC and 1st Trip DTCNJEC0034S0501Regarding items of ªDTC and 1st trip DTCº, refer to
ªTROUBLE DIAGNOSIS Ð INDEXº, EC-10.
Freeze Frame Data and 1st Trip Freeze Frame DataNJEC0034S0502
Freeze frame data
item*Description
DIAG TROUBLE
CODE
[PXXXX]+Engine Control component part/control system has a trouble code, it is displayed as ªPXXXXº. (Refer to
ªAlphabetical & P No. Index for DTCº, EC-10.)
FUEL SYS-B1+ªFuel injection system statusº at the moment a malfunction is detected is displayed.
+One mode in the following is displayed.
ªMODE 2º: Open loop due to detected system malfunction
ªMODE 3º: Open loop due to driving conditions (power enrichment, deceleration enrichment)
ªMODE 4º: Closed loop - using oxygen sensor(s) as feedback for fuel control
ªMODE 5º: Open loop - has not yet satisfied condition to go to closed loop
CAL/LD VALUE [%]+The calculated load value at the moment a malfunction is detected is displayed.
COOLANT TEMP [ÉC]
or [ÉF]+The engine coolant temperature at the moment a malfunction is detected is displayed.
L-FUEL TRIM-B1 [%]+ªLong-term fuel trimº at the moment a malfunction is detected is displayed.
+The long-term fuel trim indicates much more gradual feedback compensation to the base fuel schedule
than short-term fuel trim.
S-FUEL TRIM-B1 [%]+ªShort-term fuel trimº at the moment a malfunction is detected is displayed.
+The short-term fuel trim indicates dynamic or instantaneous feedback compensation to the base fuel
schedule.
ON BOARD DIAGNOSTIC SYSTEM DESCRIPTIONQG
CONSULT-II (Cont'd)
EC-84