1999 LAND ROVER DISCOVERY change time

DRIVING AIDS
DESCRIPTION AND OPERATION 86-8-11
Operation
PDC System Operation
When the ignition switch is in position II and reverse gear is selected, the PDC sensors are automatically activated.
The PDC ECU only activates the system if reverse is selected for more than 1 second. This avoids nuisance audible
warnings when the gear selector lever is being moved between Drive and Park on vehicles with automatic
transmission.
When the system is activated, the PDC ECU illuminates the indicator LED in the PDC switch, switches on the
ultrasonic sensors and generates a single chime on the PDC sounder to indicate the system is active. If an object is
range of the sensors when the system is activated, a series of audible warnings are emitted by the PDC sounder
immediately.
If PDC operation is not required, it can be suspended temporarily by pressing the PDC switch. When reverse is
deselected and subsequently reselected, PDC will automatically become active again.
PDC can also be manually selected when not in reverse gear by pressing the PDC switch. A second press of the
switch is required to turn off the PDC or the PDC will be deactivated if reverse is selected and then deselected.
Sensor Operation
The PDC ECU processes the distance readings from the ultrasonic sensors to determine if there are any objects
within the detection areas. If there are no objects in the detection areas, there are no further audible warnings. If an
object is detected, repeated audible warnings are produced on the PDC sounder.
The maximum detection range is 1800 mm (70 in). When an object is detected, the time delay between the audible
warning tones decreases as the distance between the detected object and the vehicle decreases until, at
approximately 450 mm (17 in), the audible warning tone is continuous.
After the initial detection of an object, if there is no decrease in the distance between an object and the central sensors,
the time delay between the audible warnings remains constant. If an object is detected by one of the corner sensors
only, the audible warnings stop after about 5 seconds if there is no change in the distance between the object and the
corner sensor.

NAVIGATION SYSTEM
87-2 DESCRIPTION AND OPERATION
Description
General
The navigation system provides audio and visual route guidance to help the driver reach a selected destination. The
system is an optional fit consisting of a Traffic Pro navigation computer and antenna, manufactured by Harman/
Becker Automotive Systems, which are fitted in place of the In Car Entertainment (ICE) head unit and antenna.
Compact Disc (CD) and radio functions are incorporated into the navigation computer.
The navigation system allows the driver to choose between the shortest and fastest routes between the vehicle's
current position and a selected destination, and to select a stopover point in the journey and a route that avoids
motorways, ferries and toll roads. Directions to Points Of Interest (POI) e.g. airports, hospitals, petrol stations etc,
either local, national or in another country, can also be selected. A traffic jam function enables the driver to request
diversion instructions, around an obstructed part of the selected route, during the journey. A Traffic Management
Control (TMC) function, currently only available in some European countries, monitors traffic broadcasts and
automatically selects an alternative route during the journey if the original route is effected by a traffic jam, accident
or road works etc.
The position of the vehicle is determined by the navigation computer using a combination of vehicle sensor inputs and
radio signals from the 24 Global Positioning System (GPS) satellites orbiting the earth. The position of the vehicle is
then plotted on a digitised map, loaded into the navigation computer from a CD-ROM, to determine the journey route
and provide the route guidance.
The GPS satellite signals are used for initial determination of the vehicle's position and periodic position updates. The
vehicle sensor inputs are used to monitor the vehicle's direction of travel and distance travelled between position
updates from the GPS satellite signals. The vehicle sensor inputs consist of:
lA vehicle speed signal from the ABS ECU, to monitor the distance travelled and for automatic volume control.
lA reverse gear signal from the selector and inhibitor switch of the automatic gearbox, or reverse gear switch of
the manual gearbox, to enable the navigation computer to differentiate between forward and rearward movement
of the vehicle.
lA gyro in the navigation computer, to monitor changes of direction, i.e. steering inputs.
The signal from each GPS satellite contains information about satellite position, almanac data and time (almanac data
is the current status of the satellite). Signals from between five and 11 of the GPS satellites can be received at a given
point on the earth's surface at any one time. The number and quality of separate GPS satellite signals received also
varies with vehicle location. In hilly or tree lined areas, built up areas with tall buildings, multi-storey car parks,
garages, tunnels, bridges and during heavy rain/thunderstorms, signal reception of some or all of the GPS satellites
will be poor or non existent.
A minimum of three separate GPS satellite signals are required for the navigation computer to calculate a three
dimensional (3D) positional fix. When only two signals are being received, the navigation computer will calculate a
less accurate two dimensional (2D) positional fix. The more widely dispersed that the GPS satellites are, the more
accurate the positional fix. The navigation computer can store information from a maximum of 12 GPS satellites at
any one time. When more than three signals are stored, the navigation computer selects the three most widely
dispersed signals for the position calculation.
GPS Antenna and diplexer unit
The GPS antenna is installed at the rear of the roof on the centreline. A diplexer unit on the underside of the GPS
antenna amplifies the radio signals received from the GPS satellites and transmits them through separate dedicated
co-axial cable to the navigation computer for processing.

NAVIGATION SYSTEM
87-4 DESCRIPTION AND OPERATION

Inputs and Outputs
In addition to the vehicle sensor and the antenna inputs, the navigation computer also receives the following:
lA permanent battery feed from the passenger compartment fusebox, to power the navigation function.
lAn ignition switched battery feed from the passenger compartment fusebox, to power the navigation, radio and
CD functions when the ignition switch is in positions I and II.
lAn illumination power feed for switch illumination and LCD backlighting when the exterior lights are on.
Navigation computer outputs consist of those for the ICE system speakers and to the auxiliary CD autochanger, where
fitted.
Security Code
The navigation computer is programmed with a five digit security code selected from numbers 1 to 7. If the battery or
the navigation computer are disconnected, the code is requested on the LCD the first time the navigation computer
is switched on after reconnection; this also occurs if a different removable panel is fitted.
The code is entered using the appropriate multifunction buttons. The navigation computer automatically starts to
operate when the fifth digit of the correct code is entered. If an incorrect code is entered, CODE is displayed on the
LCD to prompt another entry attempt. If an incorrect code is entered three times in succession, WAIT is displayed on
the LCD and the unit is disabled for approximately 60 minutes. If the navigation computer is switched off, the
remaining disabled time will resume when the power is restored.
Automatic Volume Control (AVC)
The AVC feature automatically increases and decreases the audio volume with increases and decreases of vehicle
road speed. The AVC feature, also known as the GAL setting, uses the vehicle speed signal from the ABS ECU and
can be turned off or adjusted to start at a different vehicle speed. The GAL setting is accessed through the User Menu
and can be set to between 0 and +15, where 0 is off and +1 to +15 progressively increase the vehicle speed at which
AVC starts to operate.

NAVIGATION SYSTEM
DESCRIPTION AND OPERATION 87-5
System Settings Menu
The system settings menu provides access to features that can be changed to suit market and personal preferences
and to navigation system operating features. On European systems, the system settings menu also includes
computer games and a currency converter. While the navigation computer is in the navigation mode, the system
settings menu can be accessed by pressing the Nav button. Using the RH rotary control, the following features can
be selected and adjusted:
lTIME – Allows the navigation system clock to be set to local time as opposed to the Greenwich Mean Time (GMT)
transmitted from the GPS satellites. The local time setting is necessary for correct navigation on routes with time
restrictions and for Estimated Time of Arrival (ETA) calculations. The time can only be adjusted in 30 minute
steps.
lSAVE POSITION– Allows the current vehicle position to be saved and allocated a name in the navigation
destination memory.
lGAMES – Provides access to a selection of computer games.
lLANGUAGE– Allows the navigation system language and voice (where applicable) to be changed.
lANIMATIONS– Allows the LCD animations to be switched on and off.
lMEASURING UNIT – Allows the route guidance distances displayed on the LCD to be switched between metric
and Imperial units.
lANNOUNCEMENT ETA – Allows the route guidance ETA announcement to be switched on and off.
lCALCULATE EURO – Provides access to a currency converter.
User Menu
The user menu provides access to further features that can be changed to suit personal preferences. While the
navigation computer is in navigation, radio or CD modes, the user menu can be accessed by pressing and holding
the tone button for more than 2 seconds. The user menu is displayed over two screens, which can be toggled between
using the ⇒ multifunction button. Using the appropriate multifunction button or the RH rotary control, the following
settings can be selected and adjusted:
Screen 1
lGal – Automatic volume control setting (see above).
lTel – If a handsfree telephone system is connected to the navigation computer, allows either mute (telephone
mute mode) or audio signal (telephone conversation via the ICE speakers) to be selected.
lLcd – The LCD can be set to appear negative, positiveor automatic. In automatic, the display will be positive or
negative, depending on the setting of the exterior lamps.
lLed – A Light Emitting Diode (LED) in the display can be set to off or blinking. When set to blinking, the LED
flashes when the navigation computer is switched off.
lM/S – Radio reception can be set to Stereo, Mono or Auto, to suppress interference and reflections and so
optimise reception. Stereo is for exceptionally good reception conditions. Mono is for poor reception conditions.
In auto, the normal setting, the navigation computer automatically switches between stereo and mono depending
on reception conditions.
Screen 2
lNav – Sets how audio navigation instructions are delivered. In onl, other audio sources are suppressed and only
the navigation instruction is output to the speakers. In mixed, the volume of any other audio source is reduced
and the volume of the navigation announcement is the same as the original audio source +/– 6 dB (adjustable).
In independ, the audio source and navigation announcement can be set to independent volume levels.
lAux – Used to switch auxiliary CD AF connections between Aux mode on and Aux mode off. If no CD
autochanger is installed, an external cassette or CD player can be connected to the navigation computer and
powered by switching on the auxiliary CD AF connections.
lCmp – Allows a compass to be shown on the LCD when route guidance is not active.
lBeV – Used to adjust the signal tone volume. Signal tones sound to confirm storage confirmation etc. and can
be set between 0 (quiet) and +5 (loud).

NAVIGATION SYSTEM
87-6 DESCRIPTION AND OPERATION
Service Menu
The service menu provides access to details of the navigation computer hardware and software, and can be accessed
when the navigation computer is in radio mode, by simultaneously pressing the NAV button and the 10 multifunction
buttons. The following items can then be scrolled through by pressing the Nxt (next) and Prv (previous) multifunction
buttons, or turning the RH rotary control:
lModel No.
lSerial No.
lChanger Reset
lGAL
lRadio Software
lRadio Bolo
lNavi Rom
lNavi Flash
lRTC Value
When Changer Reset is displayed, the CD autochanger (where fitted) can be reset by pressing the appropriate
multifunction button.
When the End multifunction button is pressed, the navigation computer quits the service menu and returns to radio
mode.
Garage Menu
Garage menu enables the navigation system to be tested and calibrated, and also contains a route navigation
demonstration. The garage menu is entered from the main navigation menu, as follows:
1Press the Nav button to access the system settings.
2Press and hold multifunction button 3, then press multifunction button 5 to display the garage menu.
The garage menu contains the following, which can be accessed using the RH rotary control:
lCALIBRATION RIDE – Used to calibrate the navigation computer, to enable route navigation.
lGPS INFO– Provides functional test of antenna by checking GPS reception. If functioning correctly, displays the
number of satellites being received, the date, time (Greenwich Mean Time) and the type of positional fix currently
possible.
lCALIBRATION– Allows vehicle specific calibration data to be entered, e.g. tyre size. Also allows current
calibration to be deleted prior to re-calibrating.
NOTE: Only known calibration data should be entered. The navigation computer cannot make route
calculations if incorrect data is entered.
lSENSORS– Allows wheel speed, reverse gear and gyro sensor inputs to be checked.
lVERSION– Displays navigation computer hardware and software details.
lSPEECH TEST– Performs a test of the navigation computer audio output.
lMODULE TEST– Performs a test routine on the internal components of the navigation computer.
lDEMO – Allows a route navigation demonstration to be run.
To quit the garage menu, press the Nav button.

NAVIGATION SYSTEM
87-8 DESCRIPTION AND OPERATION
Calibration Routine
1Park the vehicle outside in an area clear of high buildings, trees etc.
NOTE: The more open the surrounding area is, the faster the system will acquire sufficient GPS satellite signals to
begin calibration. To minimise the calibration time, the vehicle should not be moved again until the calibration
ride.
2Turn the ignition switch to position II. If the navigation computer does not come on, press the navigation
computer ON button.
3If necessary, use the navigation computer multifunction buttons to enter the security code.
4Turn the ignition switch to position 0 and remove the ignition key.
5Press the navigation computer ON button.
6Call up the SENSORS screen on the LCD:
lIf the navigation CD-ROM has not been installed before, press and hold multifunction button 1 then press
multifunction button 10.
lIf the navigation CD-ROM has been installed before, use the garage menu as detailed above.
7Turn the LH rotary control to minimum volume.
8Wait for 30 minutes. If necessary, the vehicle can be left unattended and locked.
NOTE: Land Rover recommend a minimum of 30 minutes be allowed to elapse in order to ensure that only a short
distance need be driven to achieve calibration.
9After the 30 minutes have elapsed, ensure the navigation computer LCD shows a GPS almanac figure of 27 or
higher.
10Start the vehicle engine and allow to idle.
11Install the navigation CD-ROM.
12Wait until the navigation computer LCD prompts for a language to be selected. Turn the RH rotary control to
scroll through the options, highlight the required language and press the RH rotary control to select.
13The navigation computer LCD will prompt for a voice to be selected. Turn the RH rotary control to scroll through
the options, highlight the required voice and press the RH rotary control to select.
14Wait until the navigation computer LCD advises "language has been loaded OK". Press the RH rotary control to
confirm the language and voice selections.
15The navigation computer LCD will default to the CALIBRATION RIDE screen and should show the
CALIBRATION RIDE CAN START message. The GPS data and the road speed counter will also be shown.
16Drive the vehicle over a road route approximating that shown below (it is not necessary to copy the route
exactly). Calibration is complete when the navigation computer LCD switches to show DESTINATION & POI
and the satellite graphic. If all the pre calibration ride conditions were complied with, calibration is typically
achieved within 3 miles (5 km) and usually occurs when the vehicle returns to the start point. However,
calibration may be achieved earlier in the journey and, if it is, there is no need to complete the remainder of the
calibration route.
17After calibration is achieved, return to the dealership, park the vehicle and stop the engine.
18Turn the ignition switch to position I.
19Use the system settings menu to set the navigation computer to local time and the required units of measure:
aPress the Nav button.
bTurn the RH rotary control to scroll through the displayed menu, highlight TIME and press the RH rotary
control to select. Press the + or – multifunction button to adjust the time in 30 minute steps. Select the 24
hour clock and confirm by pressing the OK multifunction button.
cIf metric units of measure are required, go to step e) (the navigation computer defaults to metric units of
measure).
dIf Imperial units of measure are required, turn the RH rotary control to scroll through the displayed menu,
highlight MEASURING UNIT and press the RH rotary control to select. Turn the RH rotary control to
highlight IMPERIAL and press the RH rotary control to select.
ePress the Nav button to return to the destination menu.
20Calibration is complete. The navigation system is ready for use.
NOTE: The accuracy of the system will automatically be fine tuned when a further journey is made, but this is not
required as part of the calibration procedure.
NOTE: In European countries, the territory will have to be set the first time the navigation system is used, and the
first time a destination in another country is selected. The first time the navigation system is used or a destination
in another country is selected, a map is displayed with the default/current territory highlighted. To change the
territory: Press the RH rotary control to display the territory list; turn the RH rotary control to scroll through the
list and highlight the required territory; press the RH rotary control to confirm the selection.

NAVIGATION SYSTEM
87-14 DESCRIPTION AND OPERATION
Description
General
Where fitted, the CARiN III and Trafficmaster system combines a satellite navigation system (CARiN III) with a real-
time traffic information system (Trafficmaster).
The satellite navigation system provides computer generated audible and visual route guidance information to enable
the driver to reach a desired destination. The system allows the driver to choose between road navigation and off-
road navigation, and to incorporate waypoints. Road navigation also allows the driver to choose between using minor
or major roads and the quickest or shortest route. Directions to hospitals, museums, monuments, hotels etc. are also
available. The computer uses map information stored on a CD-ROM to determine the best route for the journey and
provide the driver with details of directions and approaching junctions. The current position of the vehicle is
determined using a combination of vehicle sensor inputs and the Global Positioning System (GPS).
The Trafficmaster system displays live traffic flow information on the road navigation map screens. Traffic speed is
indicated on the maps by colour coded roads and arrows. The traffic flow information is relayed from a network of
sensors covering motorways and trunk roads. Data from the sensors is updated on a three minute cycle, 24 hours a
day, 365 days a year.
The navigation system consists of the following components:
lNavigation computer
lGPS antenna
lDisplay unit
lSwitch pack
lNavigation speaker
lTrafficmaster monitor ECU
lTrafficmaster antenna
Navigation Computer
The navigation computer is located in a bracket under the RH front seat, immediately behind the CD autochanger.
The navigation computer contains all the hardware and software required for control of the navigation system,
including the GPS receiver and a solid state piezo gyro. Using the gyro, and inputs from the GPS antenna and the
vehicle K bus, the navigation computer determines the vehicle’s current position, direction and speed.
The navigation computer also houses a CD-ROM drive. The drive is used to read map data from country specific CD’s
and also to load software into the computer. A button, adjacent to the CD slot, is provided to eject the CD from the
unit. If the ignition is on, one press of the button will eject the CD. If the ignition is off, two presses are required, one
to wake up the system and the second to eject the CD. Access to the CD-ROM drive is from the rear of the RH front
seat.

INSTRUMENTS
DESCRIPTION AND OPERATION 88-43
Compass
The mirror's compass display is activated when the ignition switch is turned to position 'II'. If the compass has been
previously calibrated, the current direction of the vehicle will be shown in the LED display at the upper RH side of the
mirror's reflective surface. The display is able to indicate one of eight compass points (i.e. N, NE, E, SE, S, SW, W or
NW).
The compass mirror circuit board contains a microchip which is able to determine changes in vehicle direction due to
the changes in the earth's magnetic field. The circuit board is located in the stem of the mirror so that it follows the
changes in the vehicles direction and is not affected by adjustment of the mirror itself.
Because of changes in the lines of magnetic influence, the compass is set for operation in one of fifteen different zones
depending on the current location of the vehicle. If the vehicle is to be driven in a different zone, the compass will have
to be reset for operation in that zone. To determine the correct zone for a particular location on the planet, refer
to the maps provided in the Owner's Handbook. The mirror's default setting is zone 8 which is suitable for central
European countries (Germany, Austria, Italy etc.).
The compass should be set to the correct zone using the following procedure:
1Switch the ignition to position 'II'.
aIf the compass displays one of the eight compass point directions, proceed to step '3'.
bIf the compass displays 'C' then proceed to step '2'.
cIf the display does not show either of the above, then the calibration button on the underside of the mirror
should be pressed and held for approximately 6 seconds, using a small probe (e.g. paper clip or ballpoint
pen). The compass should now enter the set mode and 'C' should be shown in the display.
2To calibrate the compass, the vehicle must be driven slowly (5 mph (8 km/h) or less) in a circle until the display
shows a direction (usually 1 or 2 revolutions). The mirror can calibrate itself during normal driving, but this will
take considerably longer.
3Set the compass to the relevant zone of magnetic influence by pressing the calibration button on the underside
of the mirror for approximately 3 seconds, using a small probe, until a number is shown in the display. If the zone
is being entered for the first time, the default zone setting '8' should be displayed. If the zone is being reset from
a previous entry, the previous zone setting number will be displayed.
The calibration button should now be pressed and released with single presses, using a small probe, until the
desired zone number appears in the display.
After approximately 10 seconds, the compass display should return correctly set to the required zone.
Note the degree of magnetic variation from one zone to another is only very slight. Recalibration of the compass is
not normally necessary unless several zone changes are undertaken.
Automatic dimming
The mirror's automatic dimming function operates when the ignition switch is turned to the 'II' position.
A light sensor is contained at the upper centre of the mirror which detects the intensity of light from the headlights of
following vehicles in dark or low light conditions. When the light intensity is sufficiently high, the mirror automatically
adjusts the brightness of the reflected light by photochromatically changing the mirror's reflective properties and so
preventing glare affecting the driver.
When reverse gear is selected, the power supply for the mirror's photochromatic function is opened so that the mirror
defaults to its normal reflective properties while the reversing operation is in progress.
Another light sensor is located on the rear of the mirror so that the unit can detect the difference between strong
ambient light and that attributable to following vehicle headlights. To check operation of the light dimming function of
the mirror, use the following procedure:
1Turn ignition switch to position 'II', and ensure reverse gear is not selected.
2Cover the sensor on the back of the mirror.
3Shine a bright light on the front (reflective side) of the mirror; the mirror should darken.