I
lllustrated Index
INOTE:
. Apply liqujd gasket to the mating surfaces ot the right
side cover and oil pump housing before installing
them.
. Use liquid gasket,
0003.
. Clea n the oil pan
installing it.
B18Bl engine:
Part No. 087'18 - 0001 or 08718 -
gasket mating surfaces before
Lubricate all internal parts with engine oil during
reassemDly.
6x1.0mm12 N.m {1.2 kg{.m,8.7 lbt.ft}
6x1.0mm11 N.m 11.1 kg'f.m,8 lbt.ftl
OIL SCREEN
DEAIN PLUG4il N.m 14.5 kgt m,33 tbtft)
BAFFLE PLATE
6x1.0mm1'l N.m (1.1 kgt.m,8 rbr.ftl
OIL PAN
O.FING
CAP
DOWEL PINS
WASHERReplace.
GASKETReplace.
6x1.0mm11 N.m (1.1 kgl.m, 8 lbl.ft)
12 x 1.0 mm103 Nm 110.5ks{.m,76lbf.ft}
MANUAL TRANSMISSIONFLYWHEEL
12 x 1.0 mm74 N.m 17.5 kgf.m,54lbf.tr)Torque sequence, page 7-7
AUTOMATIC TRANSMISSION
WASHERcovERsGASKETReplace.
11 x 1.5 mm76 N.m17.8 kgt m, 56 lbtft)Apply engine oilto the boltthreads and the washers.NOTE: After torquingeach cap, turn crankshaftto check for binding.
ORIVE PLATECheck for cracks.
Apply liquid gasketto block mating surface.
CRANKSHAFTEnd play, page 7-12Runout, Taper, andOut-of'Round, page 7-13Installation, page 7-26
MAIN AEARINGRadialclearance, page 7 8Selection, page 7'8NOTE: New main bearingsmust be selected by matchingcrank and block identificationmarkrngs.
I
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OIL SEALlnstallation, page 7
RIGHTSIDE COVER
THRUST WASHERSGrooved sides face outward.NOTE: Thrust washer thicknessis fixed and must not be changedby grinding or shamming.
8 x 1.25 mm21 N..n l2.1kga'r, ,17 tbf.ft)
OIL SEALInstallation, page 8-1 1Apply engineorl.Replace.
Apply liquid gasket
to block matingsurface,
6x1.0mm11 N.m t1.lilh{.m,I lbf.ft}(cont'd)
/
li
l
Main Bearings
Clearance
2.
3.
1.
4.
To check main bearing-to-iournal oil clearance,
remove the main caps and bearing halves.
Clean each main iournal and bearing half with a
clean shop towel.
Place one strip of plastigage across each main iour-
na l-
NOTE: lf the engine is still in the car when you bolt
the main cap down to check clearance, the weight
of the crankshaft and flywheel will flatten the plasti'
gage further than just the torque on the cap bolt,
and give you an incorrect reading. For an accurate
reading, support the crank with a jack under the
counterweights and check only one bearing at a
trme.
Reinstall the bearing caps and cap bridge (B18C1,
B18C5 engines only)then torque the bolts.
Bl8Bl engine: 77 N'm (7.8 kgt.m.56lbf.ft)
B18Cl,818C5 engines:
No. 1,5 cap bolts 73 N.m (7.4 kgf.m,56lbnftl
No. 2. 3, 4 cap bolts 64 N.m {6.5 kgf m. 49 lbf ftl
NOTE: Do not rotate the crankshaft during inspec-
tro n.
Remove the cap bridge (818C1, 818C5 engines
only), caps and bearings again, and measure the
widest part of the plastigage.
Main Bearing-to-Journal Oil Clearance:
Standard lNew):
No. 1, 2, 4, 5: 0.024 - 0.042 mm
10.0009 -0.0017 in)
Service Limit:0.050 mm (0.0020 in)
No.3:0.030 - 0.048 mm
10.0012 - 0.0019 inl
Service Limit:0.060 mm {0.0024 inl
PLASTIGAGE STRIP
lf the plastigage measures too wide or too narrow,
{remove the engine if it's still in the car), remove the
crankshaft, and remove the upper half of the bear-
ing. lnstall a new, complete bearing with the same
color code (select the color as shown in the right
column), and recheck the clearance.
CAUTION: Do not file, shim. or scrape the bearings
or the caps to adiust clearance.
lf the plastigage shows the clearance is still incor-
rect, try the next larger or smaller bearing (the color
listed above or below that one), and check again.
NOTE: lf the oroDer clearance cannot be obtained
by using the appropriate larger or smaller bearings.
reolace the crankshaft and start over.
Selection
CAUTION: lf the codes ale indecipherable because of
an accumulation oI dirt and dust, do not scrub them
with a wire bru6h or scraper. Clean lhem only with sol-
vent or detergent.
Crankshaft Bore Code Location
Letters have been stamped on the end of the block as a
code for the size of each of the 5 main iournal bores
Use them, and the numbers or bars stamped on the
crank {codes for main journal size), to choose the correct
Dean nqs,
FLYWHEEL END
Main JouhalCode Locations (Numbe.s or Bars)
Bearing ldentif ic.tionColor code ison the edge ofthe bearing.
Larger crank bore
acD
"""""""" Smallerbearingithicker)
Green
Elack
B'ownBlackElue
Smaller Smallermain bearingjournal lthacker)
Oil Seal
Installation
The seal surface on the block should be dry.
Apply a light coat of oil to the crankshaft and
the lip of the seal.
1. Drive in tlywheel end seal against right side cover.
NOTE: Drive the end seal in squarely.
DRIVER07749 - 0010000
Confirm that clearance is equal all the way around
with a feeler gaug€.
Clearance: 0.5 - 0.8 mm {0.02 - 0.03 inl
RIGHT SIDECOVER
lnstallation (engine removal not
requiredl
The seal surface on the block should be dry.
Apply a light coat of grease to the crankshaft and
to the lip of seal.
1. Using the special tool, drive in the timing pulley-
end seal until the driver bottoms against the oil
pump.
When the seal is in place, clean any excess grease
off the crankshalt and check that the oil seal lip is
not distoned.
SEAL DRIVER07LAD. PR4O1OAlnstall seal with thepan numberfacing out.
Using the special tool, drive in the flywheel end seal
untilthe driver bottoms aqainst block.
NOTE: Align the hole in the driver attachment with
the pin on the crankshaft.
DRIVER077{9 - 0010000
DRIVER ATT07948 - 5800101lnstall sealwith thenumber side facinqou!.
'tvA,)/ )
DBIVER ATTACHMENT07948 - 5800101Install sealwith thepan number sidefacang out.
[7Fd
NOTE: Refer to right column and 8-11
tion of the oil pump side oil seal.
for installa-
The scan tool indicates Diagnostic Trouble Code (DTC) P0500r A low voltage problem in the Vehicle Speed
Sensor (VSS) circuit.
Intermittent failure, system is OKat this time. Check for ooor con-neciions or loose wires at C112IVSSI and ECM.
ECM CONNECTORS
A (32P)
LGlIBRN/8LK)
c (31Pt
vss{ORN)
Wire side of female terminals
The MIL has been reported on.DTC P0500 is stored.
Probleft veritication:1. Test drive the car.2. Check the vehicle speed withthe scan tool,
ls the correct speed indicated?
Check lor an open in the ECM:1. Turn the ignition switch OFF.2. Block the rear wheels and setthe parking brake.3. Jack up the front of the car andsuppon it with safety stands.4. Turn the ignition switch ON (ll).
5. Block the right front wheeland slowly rotate the left front
6. Measure voltage betweenECM connector terminals C18and A9.
Substitute a known-good ECMand recheck. H symptom/indica-tion goes away, replace tho origi-nalECM.
Does the voltage pulse 0 Vand 5 V or battery voltage?
Check lor a shori in th€ ECM:1. Turn the ignition switch OFF.2. Disconnect the ECM connector C (31P).
3. Turn the ignition switch ON (lli.4. Block the right front wheeland slowly rotate the left front
5. Measure voltage between ECMconnector lerminals C18 andA9.
Substitute a known-good ECMand lecheck. lf symptom/indica-tion goos away. rsplaco the origi-nalECM.
Does the vohage pulse 0 Vand 5 V or battery voltage?
Repair short in the wireb€tween ECM {C18} end VSS,TCM, or cruise control unit.Repeir open in the wirebetween ECM (C18) aod VSS.ff wire is OK, replace the VSS.
ra 17 18 19 20t6 ]t 13r19
LG1{BRN/BLKIvss(ORNI
23563910 1156
12i5r92022 23 2a11 1213 1/tr6ts/zt
25262Aa9,/2724," ,/ ,,:
1 1-85
Description
Clutches
t
{
The four-speed automatic transmission uses hydraulically-actuated clutches to engage or disengage the transmission gears.
When hydraulic pressure is introduced into the clutch drum. the clutch piston is applied. This presses the friction discs
and steel plates together, locking them so they don't slip. Power is then transmitted through the engaged clutch pack
to its hub-mounted gear.
Likewise, when hydraulic pressure is bled from the clutch pack, the piston releases the friction discs and steel plates,
and they are free to slide past each other while disengaged. This allows the gear to spin independently on its shaft, trans-
mrrrng no power.
lsr Clutch
The 1 st clutch engages/disengages 1st gear, and is located at the end of the msinshaft, just behind the right side cover.
The 1st clutch is supplied hydraulic pressure by its ATF feed pipe within the mainshaft.
l st-hold clurch
The '1 st-hold clutch engages/disengages 'lst-hold or E] position, and is located at the middle of the sub-shaft. The 1st-
hold clutch is supplied hydraulic pressure by its ATF feed pipe within the sub-shaft.
2nd Clutch
The 2nd clutch engages/disengages 2nd gear, and is located at the middle of the mainshaft. The 2nd clutch is joined
back-to-back to the 4th clutch. The 2nd clutch is supplied hydraulic pressure through the mainshaft by a circuit connected
to the internal hydraulic circuit.
3rd ClutchThe 3rd clutch engages/disengages 3rd gear, and is located at the end of the counte.shaft, opposite the right side cover.
The 3rd clutch is supplied hydraulic pressure by its ATF feed pipe within the countershaft.
4th Clutch
The 4th clutch engages/disengages 4th gear, as well as reverse gear, and is located at the middle of the mainshaft.
The 4th clutch is joined back-to-back to the 2nd clutch. The 4th clutch is supplied hydraulic pressure by its ATF feed
oiDe within the mainshaft.
One-way Clutch
The one-way clutch is positioned between the parking gear and the countershaft 1st gear. with the parking gear splined
to the countershalt. The countershaft 1st gear provides the outer race, and the parking gear provides the inner race sur-
face. The one-way clutch locks up when power is transmitted from the msinshaft 1st gear to the countershaft I st gear.
The 1st clutch and gears remain engaged in the 1st, 2nd. 3rd, and 4th gear ranges in the Lqd, Lq9.l or La position.
However, the one-way clutch disengages when the 2nd, 3rd, or 4th clutches/gears are applied in the E, lDll o, Eposition. This is because the increased rotational speed of the gears on the countershatt over-ride the locking "speed
range" ot the one-way clutch. Thereatter, the one-way clutch free-wheels with the lst clutch still engaged.
COUiITERSHAFT lST GEAR
FREE
-".--)
LOCKS
F
LOCKS FREE
PARKING GEAR
NOTE:View from right side cover side.
14-6
NOTES
See flushing procedure, page 14-172 and 173.
B.Set idle rpm in gear to specilied idle speed. lf still no good, adjust motor mounts as outlined in enginesection of service manual.
c.lf the large clutch piston O-.ing is broken, inspect the piston groove for rough machining.
D.lf the clutch pack is seized or is excessively worn, inspect the other clutches lor wear, and check the
orifice control valves and throttle valves for free mov€ment.
E.lf throttle valve B is stuck. insDect the clutches for wear.
lf the 1 - 2 shift valve is stuck closed, the transmission will not upshitt. lf stuck open, the transmissionhas no lst gear.
H.lf the 2-3 orilice control valve is stuck, inspect the 2nd and 3rd clutch packs for wear.
lf the orifice control valve is stuck. inspect the 3rd and 4th clutch packs for wear.
J.lf the clutch pressure control valve is stuck closed, the transmission will not shift out oI 1st gear.
lmproper alignment or main valve body and torque converter housing may cause ATF pump seizure.
The symptoms are mostly an rpm-related ticking noise or a high-pitched squeak.
lf the ATF strainer is clogged with particles of steel or aluminum, inspect the ATF pump and differentialpinion shaft. lf both are OK and no cause for the contamination is found, replace the torque converter.
M.lf the 1st clutch feed pipe guide in the right side cover is scored by the mainshaft, inspect the ball bear-
ing lor excessive movement in the transmission housing. lf OK, replace the right side cover as it is dent-
ed. The O-ring under the guide is probably worn.
N.Replace the mainshaft if the bushing for the 4th feed pipe is loose or damaged.lf the 4th feed pipe is damaged or out of round, replace the right side cover.Replace the sub-shaft il the bushing for the 1st-hold teed pipe is loose or damaged.lf the 1st-hold teed pipe is damaged or out of round, replace it.
Replace the mainshaft iI the bushing for the lst feed pipe is loose or damaged.lf the 1st leed pipe is damaged or out of round, replace it.
A worn or damaged sprag clutch is mostly a result of shifting the transmission in El or LDll position
while the wheels rotate in reverse, such as rocking the vehicle in snow.
P.Inspect the trame for collision damage.
Inspect lor damage and wear:1. Reverse selector gear teeth chamfers.2. Engagement teeth chamfers of countershaft 4th and reverse gear.
3. Shift fork for scuff marks in center.4. Differential pinion shaft tor wear under pinion gears.
5. Bottom of 3rd clutch for swirl marks.Replace items 1 . 2, 3 and 4 iI worn or damaged. lf transmission makes clicking, grinding or whirringnoise, also replace mainshaft 4th gear, reverse idler gear, and countershatt 4th gear in addition to '1,
2,3or4.It differential pinion shalt is worn, overhaul differential assembly, and replace ATF strainer, and thoroughly
clean transmission, tlush torque conveder, cooler and lines.lf bottom ot 3rd clutch is swirled and transmission makes gear noise, replace the countershaft and final
onven qear.
R.Be very careful not to damage the torque converter housing when replacing the main ball bearing. You
may also damage the ATF pump when you torque down the main valve body. This will result in ATFpump seizure if not detected. Use proper tools.
S.Install the main seal llush with the torque converter housing. lf you push it into the torque converterhousing until it bottoms out. it will block the fluid return passage and result in damage.
T.Harsh downshifts when coasting to a stop with zero throttle may be caused by a bent-in throttle valve
retainer/cam stopper. Throttle cable adjustment may clear this problem.
Throttle cable adjustment is essential tor proper operation ol the transmission. Not only does it affectthe shift points if misadjusted, but also the shift quality and lock up clutch operation.A cable adjusted too long will result in throttle pressure being too low for the amount of engine torqueinput into the transmission and may cause clutch slippage. A cable adjusted too short will result in toohiqh throttle pressure which may cause harsh shifts, erratic shifts and torque converter hunting.
Limited Slip Differential (818C5 engine)
Description
t
f1t
1. Function
Operation of the limited slip differential is dependent upon the eight pinion gears that are in mesh with the two sidegears. They transfer the driving power to the driving axles as well as permjt the outside wheel to turn more times thanthe inside wheel when the vehicle goes around a turn. All gears are helically cut so that this differential action is limitedby the friction created between each gear and differential carrier when either wheel slips.
2. Construction
The unit consists of the two side gears, four short pinion gears, four long pinion gears, two thrust washers, a centerwasher, and a carrier that houses the gears and washers. One shon and one long pinion gear are in mesh with eachother and are allowed to walk around the side oears.
w
I
I
I
+
@
a,
e Differentiatcarrier
a Thrust washer
@ Left side gear
O Center washerg Right side gear
O Pinion gear ong)O Pinion gea r (short)
Ooeration
. Straight-load driving
The differential carrier and gears rotate together as a unit when both wheels rotates at the same speed. Turningeffon from the final driven gears are directly transmitted to both wheets.
(cont'd)
l,'a
15-21
Limited Slip Differential (B18C5 engine)
Description (cont'd)
When roundang a curve
When the vehacle rounds a curye, tne differential allows the outer wheel to rotate a little faster than the inner wheel.
when this takes p|ace. the short and |ong pinion gears rotate, and wa|k around the side gears in the directions
shown. lf, for example. the right shaft is rotated in a counterclockwise direction with the differential carrier held sta-
tionary, the force is transmitted through the right side gear, short pinion gears and long pinion gears to the left side
gear, causing the left shaft to rotate in a clockwise direction. This allows the outer wheel to turn more times than the
inner wheel when the vehicle goes around a turn.
PINION GEARILONG)
When limiting differential action
The limited slip differential acts to limit the differential action when either wheel slips on ice or snow or on turn. This
is done by using the friction created between each gear and differential carrier:"''
(1) The pinions are forced against the differential carrier by the force as they are- rotated and repelled outward.
(2) The ends of the pinion gears are held firmly against the differential carrier due to the side thrust from the heli-
callY cut gears.
CARRIEB
TTFT SHAFT
RIG}IT SHAFT
With the pinion gears locked, the torque applied to the slipping wheel is reduced 8nd the torque delivered to the
other wheel is increased.
tzl
t15-22
RIGHT SIDE GEAR
PINION GEARS