Description
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14-3
The automatic transmission is a combination of a 3-element torque converter and triple-shalt electronically controlled
automatic transmission which provides 4 speeds forward and 1 speed reverse. The entire unit is positioned in line with
the engrne.
Torque Converter, Gears, and Clutches
The torque converter consists of a pump, turbine, and stator, assembled in sigle unit. The torque converter is connected to
the engine crankshaft so they turn torether as a unit as the engine turns. Around the outside of the torque convener is a
ring gear which meshes with the starter pinion when the engine is being started. The entire torque converter assembly
serves as a flywheel while transmitting power to the transmission mainshaft.
The transmission has three parallel shafts; the mainshaft. the countershaft, and the sub shaft. The mainshaft is in-line with
the engine crankshaft.
The mainshaft includes the 1st, and 2ndl4th clutches,and gear for 3rd, 2nd, 4th, reverse, and 1st. (3rd gear is integral with
the mainshaft, while reverse gear is integral with the 4th gear.)
The countershaft includes the 3rd clutch and gears for 3rd,2nd, 4th, reverse, 1st, and parking. Reverse and 4th gears can
be loched to the countershaft at its center,providing 4th gear or reverse, depending on which way the selector is moved.
The sub-shaft includes the 1st-hold clutch and gears fo 1st and 4th.
The gears on the mainshaft are in constant mesh with those on the countersahft and sub-shaft.When certain combinations
of gears in the transmission are engaged by clutches. power in transmitted from the mainshaft to the countershaft via the
sub-shaft to orovude oil, lo'1. E, E. and E.
Electronic Control
The electronic control svstem consists of the Transmission Control Module (TCM), sensors, and four solenoid valves.
Shilting and lock-up are electronically controlled for comfortable driving under all conditions.
The TCM is located below the dashboard, behind the lelt side kick panel on the driver's side.
Hydraulic Control
The valve bodies include the main valve body, the secondary valve body, the regulator valve body, the serbvo body, and
the lock-up valve body, through the respective separator plates, They are bolted to the torque converter housing,
The main valve body contains the manual valve, the 1-2 shift valve, the 2-3 shitt valve, the Clutch Pressure Control
lCPC) valve, the 4th exhaust valve, the reliel valve, and the ATF pump gears.
The secondary valve body contains the 4-3 kick-down valve, the 3-2 kick-down valve, the 2-3 orifice control valve, the
3-4 shift valve, the orilice control valve, the modulator valve, and the servo control valve.
The regulator valve body contains the pressure regulator valve, the lock-up control valve, the torque converter check
valve, and the cooler check valve.
The servo body contains the servo valve, which is integrated with shift fork shaft, the throttle valve B, and the accumula-
tors.
The lock-up valve body contains the lock-up shift valve and the lock-up timing B valve, and is bolted to the regulator valve
ooqy.
Fluid from the regulator passes through the manual valve to the various control valves.
Shift Control Mechanism
Input to the TCM from various sensors located throughout the car determines which shift control solenoid valve should
be activated. Activating a shitt control solenoid valve changes modulator pressure, causing a shift valve to move. This
pressurizes a line to one ol the clutches, engaging that clutch and its corresponding gear.
Lock-uD Mechanism
In @ position, in 2nd, 3rd and 4th, and @ position in 3rd, pressurized fluid can be drained lrom the back oI the tor-
que converter through a fluid passage, causing the lock-up piston to be held against the torque converter cover. As this
takes place, the mainshaft rotates at the same speed as the engine crankshaft. Together with hydraulic control, the TCM
optimizes the timing of the lock-up mechanism.
The lock-up valves controlthe range of lock-up according to lock-up control solenoid valves A and B, and throttle valve B.
When lock-up control solenoid valves A and B activate, modulator pressure changes. Lock-up control solenoid valves
A and B are mounted on the torque converter housing, and are controlled by the TCM.
(cont'd)
The following symptoms can be caused
by improper repair or assembly
Checkthese items on the
PROBABLE CAUSE DUE TO
IMPROPER REPAIR Llst
Items on the
NOTES List
Vehicle creeps in E] position.R1, R2
Vehicle does not move in l&l or Lql position.R4
Transmittion locks up in E] position.R3, R12
Excessive drag in transmission.R6K,R
Excessive Vibration, rpm related.R7
Noise with wheels moving only.R5
Msin soal pops out,R8
Various shifting problems.R9, R1O
Harsh upshifts.Rl l
Symptom-to-Gomponent Ghart
Hydraulic System (cont'd)
14-92
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PROBABLE CAUSE DUE TO IMPROPER REPAIR
R1lmproper clutch clearance.
R2.lmproper gear clearance.
R3.Parking brake lever installed upside down.
R4.One-way (sprag) clutch installed upside down.
R5.Reverse selector hub installed uoside down.
R6.ATF pump binding.
R7.Torque converter not fully seated in ATF pump.
R8.Main seal improperly installed.
R9.Springs improperly installed.
R10.Valves improperly installed.
R11Ball check valves not installed.
R12.Shift tork bolt not installed.
NOTES
See flushing procedure, page 14-172 and 173.
B.Set idle rpm in gear to specilied idle speed. lf still no good, adjust motor mounts as outlined in enginesection of service manual.
c.lf the large clutch piston O-.ing is broken, inspect the piston groove for rough machining.
D.lf the clutch pack is seized or is excessively worn, inspect the other clutches lor wear, and check the
orifice control valves and throttle valves for free mov€ment.
E.lf throttle valve B is stuck. insDect the clutches for wear.
lf the 1 - 2 shift valve is stuck closed, the transmission will not upshitt. lf stuck open, the transmissionhas no lst gear.
H.lf the 2-3 orilice control valve is stuck, inspect the 2nd and 3rd clutch packs for wear.
lf the orifice control valve is stuck. inspect the 3rd and 4th clutch packs for wear.
J.lf the clutch pressure control valve is stuck closed, the transmission will not shift out oI 1st gear.
lmproper alignment or main valve body and torque converter housing may cause ATF pump seizure.
The symptoms are mostly an rpm-related ticking noise or a high-pitched squeak.
lf the ATF strainer is clogged with particles of steel or aluminum, inspect the ATF pump and differentialpinion shaft. lf both are OK and no cause for the contamination is found, replace the torque converter.
M.lf the 1st clutch feed pipe guide in the right side cover is scored by the mainshaft, inspect the ball bear-
ing lor excessive movement in the transmission housing. lf OK, replace the right side cover as it is dent-
ed. The O-ring under the guide is probably worn.
N.Replace the mainshaft if the bushing for the 4th feed pipe is loose or damaged.lf the 4th feed pipe is damaged or out of round, replace the right side cover.Replace the sub-shaft il the bushing for the 1st-hold teed pipe is loose or damaged.lf the 1st-hold teed pipe is damaged or out of round, replace it.
Replace the mainshaft iI the bushing for the lst feed pipe is loose or damaged.lf the 1st leed pipe is damaged or out of round, replace it.
A worn or damaged sprag clutch is mostly a result of shifting the transmission in El or LDll position
while the wheels rotate in reverse, such as rocking the vehicle in snow.
P.Inspect the trame for collision damage.
Inspect lor damage and wear:1. Reverse selector gear teeth chamfers.2. Engagement teeth chamfers of countershaft 4th and reverse gear.
3. Shift fork for scuff marks in center.4. Differential pinion shaft tor wear under pinion gears.
5. Bottom of 3rd clutch for swirl marks.Replace items 1 . 2, 3 and 4 iI worn or damaged. lf transmission makes clicking, grinding or whirringnoise, also replace mainshaft 4th gear, reverse idler gear, and countershatt 4th gear in addition to '1,
2,3or4.It differential pinion shalt is worn, overhaul differential assembly, and replace ATF strainer, and thoroughly
clean transmission, tlush torque conveder, cooler and lines.lf bottom ot 3rd clutch is swirled and transmission makes gear noise, replace the countershaft and final
onven qear.
R.Be very careful not to damage the torque converter housing when replacing the main ball bearing. You
may also damage the ATF pump when you torque down the main valve body. This will result in ATFpump seizure if not detected. Use proper tools.
S.Install the main seal llush with the torque converter housing. lf you push it into the torque converterhousing until it bottoms out. it will block the fluid return passage and result in damage.
T.Harsh downshifts when coasting to a stop with zero throttle may be caused by a bent-in throttle valve
retainer/cam stopper. Throttle cable adjustment may clear this problem.
Throttle cable adjustment is essential tor proper operation ol the transmission. Not only does it affectthe shift points if misadjusted, but also the shift quality and lock up clutch operation.A cable adjusted too long will result in throttle pressure being too low for the amount of engine torqueinput into the transmission and may cause clutch slippage. A cable adjusted too short will result in toohiqh throttle pressure which may cause harsh shifts, erratic shifts and torque converter hunting.
Pressure Testing
a While testing, be careJulot the rotating front wheels.
a Make sule litts, iacks, and safety stands are placed
properly (see section 1).
CAUTION: Befoie testing, be sure the transmission fluid
is filled to the proper level.
'1. Raise the vehicle {see section 'll.
2. Warm up the engine (the radiator fan comes on),
then stop the engine and connect a tachometer.
3. Connect the special tool to each inspection hole(s).
TOROUE: 18 N.m l1-8 kgt.m, 13lbf.ftl
CAUTION: Connect the A/T pressure gauge secure-
ly, be sure not to allow dust and olher foreign pani-
cles to enter the inspection hole.
A/T PRESSURE GAUGESET W/PANEL07406 -0020400
A/T LOW PRESSUREGAUGE W/PANEI.07406-OO70300
A/T PRESSURE HOSE,2210 mmOTMAJ _PY4O1 1A{4 Required}
A/T PRESSURE HOSEADAPTER07MAJ -PY40120
l4 Requiredl
NOTE: Use the A/T Pressure Gauge Set (07406-
OO2O0O3) or A/T Low Pressure Gauge (07406-
OOTOOOO), and the A/T pressure gauge hoses and adap-
ters shown above.
4. Start the engine, and measure the respective pres
sures as follows.
a Line Pressure
a Clutch Pressure
a Clutch Low/High Pressure
a Throttle B Pressure
5. Install a new sealing washer and the sealing bolt in
the inspection hole and tighten to the specified
torque.
TOROUE:18 N.m (1.8 kgf.m, 13lbf.ft)
NOTE: Do not reuse old sealing washers; alwaysreplace washers.
Line Pressure Measurement
-1. Set the parking brake, and block both rear wheels
securely.
-2. Run the engine at 2,000 rpm
3. Shift to S or @ position.
4. lMeasure line pressure.
LINE PRESSUREINSPECTION HOLE
LOCK-UP CONTROLSOLENOID VALVEASSEMBLY
PRESSURESHIFT LEVER
POST ONSYMPTOMPROBABLE CAUSEFLUID PRESSURE
StandardService Limit
LineNo,BNo (or low)
Irne pressure
Torque converter,
ATF pump, pressure
regulator, torque
converter check
830 88o kPa
(8.5 9.O kgf/cm' ,
1 20 130 psi)
78O kPa(8.O kgf/cm' , 1 10 psi)
NOTE: Higher pressures may be indicated if measurements are made in shitt lever positions other than S or f, position.
{cont'd )
14-99
Transmission
Removal
. Make sure lifts, iacks and salety stands are placed
properly, and hoist brackets are attached to lhe cor-
rect position on the engine (see section 11.
. Apply parking brake and block real wheels, so vehi-
cle will nol roll off stands and fall on you while work-
ing under it.
CAUTION: Use fender covers to avoid damaging paint-
ed surtaces.
1 . Disconnect the battery negative (- ) and positive { + )
cables from the battery.
2. Remove the intake air duct and air cleaner housing
assemoty.
AIR CLEANERHOUSING ASSEMBLY
Remove the starter motor cables and cable holder
from the starter motor.
MOTOR CABLECABLE HOLDER
STARTER MOTOR'/,/ \
STARTER MOTOR CABI-E
14-104
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5.
Remove the transmission ground cable from the
transmission hanger.
Disconnect the lock-up control solenoid valve con-
nector and the shift control solenoid valve connec-
tor, then remove the harness clamp on the lock-up
control solenoid harness from the harness s1ay.
HARNESS CLAMP
TRANSMISSIOIGROUND CABLE
Disconnect the vehicle speed sensor (VSS), main-
shalt speed sensor and countershalt speed sensor
connecrors.
{
6.
VEHICLE SPEED
VEHICLE SPEED
ll t2tor coNNEcroR
V
MAINSHAFT SPEEDSENSOR CONNECTOR
MAINSHAFTSPEED SENSORCOUNTERSHAFTSPEED SENSOR{
fO) COUNTERSHAFT REVERSE GEAR COLLAR(, NEEDLE BEARING
@ couNTERSHAFT REVEBsE GEAR(4 LOCK waSHER Replace.
G) REVERSE sHtFr FoRK
G) REVERSE SELECTOR
O REVERSE SELEcToR HUB
@ coUNTERSHAFT 4TH GEAR
O NEEDLE BEARING
tE DISTANCE COLLAR, 28 mm Setective part(} COUNTERSHAFT 2ND GEAR
[, THBUST NEEDLE BEARING
@ coUNTERSHAFT 3RD GEAR
[E NEEDI.E BEARING(' COUNTERSHAFT 3RD GEAR COLLAR
@ THRUST NEEDLE BEARING(, SPLINED WASHER
@ 3RD cLUTcH ASSEMBLY
t0 O-RINGS Replace.
@ couNTERSHAFT(?]) SNAP RING
@ THRUST WASHER
@ THRUST NEEDLE BEARING
Q} MAINSHAFT 4TH GEAR
@ NEEDLE BEARINGS
@ THRUST NEEDLE BEARING
@ MAINSHAFT 4TH GEAR coLLAR
€O 2ND/4TH cLUTcH ASSEMBLY
@ O-RINGS Reptace.
@ THRUST WASHER.36.S x 55 mm Setective part
C]) THRUST NEEoLE BEARING
@ MAINSHAFT 2ND GEAR
@ NEEDLE BEARING
0t THRUST NEEDLE BEARTNG
@ MAINSHAFT
@ SEALTNG RtNGs, 35 mm
€D SEAL|NG R|NG. 29 mm
@ NEEDLE B€ARING
@ sET RING
@ lsT.HoLD cLUTCH ASSEMBLY
@ o-RtNGs Reptace.
(, THRUST WASHER
@ THRUST NEEDLE BEARING
@ NEEDLE BEARING
@ SUB-SHAFT 4TH GEAR(O THRUST NEEDLE BEARING
@ sUB-SHAFT 4TH GEAR coLLAR
@ SUB-SHAFT
@ SUB-SHAFT NEEDLE EEARING
@ NEEDLE BEARTNG sToP
@ ATF GUTDE cAp Reptace.
@ REVERSE IDLER GEAR sHAFT/HoLDER
@ NEEDLE BEARING
(i) sHrFT coNTRoL soLENotD vALvE A/B
@ sHrFT coNTRoL soLENotD vALVE FTLTER/GASKETReplace.
@ TRANSMISSIoN HANGER
.5, TRANSMISSIoN MoUNT BRACKET
@) REVERSE TDLER GEAR
@ otL SEAL Replace.
@ THRUST SHIM, SO mm Setective part
@ TRANSMTSSTON HOUSTNG GASKET Reptace.
@ DowEL PtN
@ SNAP RING
@ SUB-SHAFT TRANSMlsstoN HoustNG BEARTNG
@ MA|NSHAFT TRANsMtssroN HoustNG BEARTNG
@ CoUNTERSHAFT TRANSMIssloN HoUsING BEARING
@ DIFFERENTIAL ASSEMBLY
@ oll- SEAL Replace.
E9 CONNECTOR BRACKET
TOROUE SPECIFICATIONS
I
Bolt/Nur No.Torque ValueSizeRemarks
6A
6B
10A
12r
'12 N.m {1.2 kgf.m, 8.7 tbf.ft)14 N.m (1.4 kgl.m, 1O tbf.ft)44 N.m {4.5 kgf 'm, 33 tbf .ft}
49 N.m (5.O kgf.m, 36 lbf.tt)
6 x 1.O mm
6 x 1.0 mm
10 x 1.25 mm
12x1.25mm
14-111
Right Side Cover
Removal
NOTE:
a Clean all parts thoroughly in solvent or carburetor cleaner' and dry with compressed alr'
a Blow out all Passages.
a When removing the transmission right side cover, replace the following:
. Right side cover gasket
. Lock washers. O rings. Each sha{t locknut
. Conical spring washers
. Sealing washers
RIGHT SIDE COVER
GASKETBeplace.
J
mm BOLTS6x1.0
,c
B,
MAINSHAFTReplace.LOCKNUT
RIGHT SIDE COVER
CONICAL SPRING WASHER
COUNTERSHAFTLOCKNUTSUB-SHAFT LOCKNUTReplace.
CONICALSPRINGWASHERReplace.Replace.1ST CLUTCH ASSEMBLY
PARKING BRAKE LEVERCONICALWASHERReplace.
SPRING
J
\-_7
SUB-SHAFT 1
PARKING GEAR
ONE-WAY CLUTCH
1ST GEAR
NEEOLE BEARING
1ST GEAR COLLAR
SEALINGWASHERSReplace.
JOINT BOLT
otPsTtcK
SEALING WASHERSReplace.
t
'::-Pf.a
THROTTLE CONTROLDRUM
1ST GEAB
ATF COOLER LINES
'. .)
14-114
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1.
2.
Remove the 13 bolts securing the right side cover,
then remove the right side cover.
Slip the special tool onto the mainshaft as shown.
MAINSHAFT HOLDEROTGAB PFsO1O1
Engage the parking brake pawl with the parking gear.
Align the hole of the sub-shaft 'lst gear with the hole
of the the transmission housing, then insert a pin to
lock the sub-shaft while removing the sub-shaft
locknut.
MAINSHAFTCOUNTERSHAFT LOCKNUTLOCKNUT Reptace.Replace.
PIN8 mm pin.
commerciallyavailable
SUB.SHAFTLOCKNUTReplace.
Align the holes.
CONICAL SPRINGWASHERSReplace.
5. Cut the lock tabs oI the each shaft locknut using achiselas shown. Then remove the locknut from eachshatt.
NOTE:
a lvlainshaft and countershaft locknuts have left,hand threads.
a Clean the old countershaft locknut, it is used topress the parking gear on the countershaft.a Always wear salety glasses.
CAUTION: Keep all of the chiseled paiticles out ofthe transmission.
ll fcH,sEL
Jl{*---,o"*",r
@--.**,o,
6. Remove the lock pin that was installed to hold thesub-shaft.
7. Remove the special tool from the mainshatt afterremoving the locknut.
8. Remove the 'lst clutch and mainshaft 'lst gear assembly from the mainshaft.
9. Remove the sub-shaft 1st gear
10. Remove the parking brake pawl,
11. Using a universal two jaw puller, remove the park-
Ing gear, one-way clutch and countershalt 1st gear
assemoty.
PARKING GEAR
brake lever from the controlRemove the parking
shaft.
Remove the ATF cooler lines.
Remove the ATF dipstick.
13. Remove the throttle control drum lrom the throttle
control shaft.
14.
t5.
14-115