1997 TOYOTA TACOMA oil viscosity

11 8FUNCTIONS OF ENGINE OIL
Engine oil has the primary functions of lubri-
cating and cooling the inside of the engine,
and plays a major role in maintaining the
engine in proper working order. ENGINE OIL CONSUMPTION
It is normal that an engine should con-
sume some engine oil during normal
engine operation. The causes of oil
consumption in a normal engine are
as follows.
Oil is used to lubricate pistons, piston
rings and cylinders. A thin film of oil isleft on the cylinder wall when a piston
moves downwards in the cylinder.
High negative pressure generated
when the vehicle is decelerating sucks
some of this oil into the combustion
chamber. This oil as well as some part
of the oil film left on the cylinder wall is
burned by the high temperature com-
bustion gases during the combustionprocess.
Oil is also used to lubricate the stems
of the intake valves. Some of this oil is
sucked into the combustion chamber
together with the intake air and is
burned along with the fuel. High tem- perature exhaust gases also burn the
oil used to lubricate the exhaust valve stems.
The amount of engine oil consumed de-
pends on the viscosity of the oil, the
quality of the oil and the conditions the
vehicle is driven under.
More oil is consumed by high- speed driving
and frequent acceleration and deceleration.
A new engine consumes more oil, since its
pistons, piston rings and cylinder walls have
not become conditioned.
When judging the amount of oil con-
sumption, note that the oil may become
diluted and make it difficult to judge the
true level accurately.
As an example, if a vehicle is used for re-
peated short trips, and consumes a normal
amount of oil, the dipstick may not show
any drop in the oil level at all, even after
1000 km (600 miles) or more. This is be-
cause the oil is gradually becoming diluted
with the fuel or moisture, making it appear
that the oil level has not changed. The diluting ingredients evaporate out
when the vehicle is then driven at high
speeds, as on an expressway, making itappear that oil is excessively consumed
after driving as high speeds.
IMPORTANCE OF ENGINE OIL LEVEL CHECK
One of the most important points in proper vehicle maintenance is to keep the engine
oil at the optimum level so that oil function
will
not be impaired. Therefore, it is essen-
tial that the oil level be checked regularly.
Toyota recommends that the oil level bechecked every time you refuel the vehicle.
Failure to check the oil level
regularly could lead to serious
engine trouble due to insufficient oil.
NOTICE
For detailed information on the oil level
check, see Checking the engine oil levelº
in Chapter 7-2.
Facts about engine oil consumption

131
Make sure you have ethylene-glycol
antifreeze in the radiator.
Do not use alcohol type antifreeze.
NOTICE
Check the condition of the battery and cables. Cold temperatures reduce the capacity of
any battery, so it must be in top shape to provide enough power for winter starting.Chapter 7-3 tells you how to visually in-
spect the battery. Your Toyota dealer and
most service stations will be pleased tocheck the level of charge.
Make sure the engine oil viscosity is
suitable for the cold weather.
See Chapter 7-2 for recommended vis-
cosity.
Leaving a heavy summer oil in your
vehicle during winter months may cause
harder starting. If you are not sure about
which oil to use, call your Toyota dealer- he will be pleased to help. Keep the door locks from freezing. Squirt lock de-icer or glycerine into the
locks to keep them from freezing. To open
a frozen lock, try heating the key before in-serting it. Use a washer fluid containing an anti-
freeze solution.
This product is available at your Toyota
dealer and most auto parts stores. Follow
the manufacturer's directions for how
much to mix with water.
Do not use engine antifreeze or any
other substitute because it may
damage your vehicle's paint.
NOTICE
Do not use your parking brake when there is a possibility it could freeze. When parking, put the transmission into
Pº (automatic) or into first or reverse
(manual) and block the front wheels. Do
not use the parking brake, or snow or wa-
ter accumulated in and around the parkingbrake mechanism may freeze, making it
hard to release. Keep ice and snow from accumulating
under the fenders.
Ice and snow built up under your fenders
can make steering difficult. During bad winter driving, stop and check under the
fenders occasionally. Depending on where you are driving,
we recommend you carry some emer- gency equipment.
Some of
the things you might put in the ve-
hicle are tire chains, window scraper, bag of sand or salt, flares, small shovel, jump- er cables, etc.
Winter driving tips

178
Be careful not to scratch the glass
surface with the wiper frame.
When closing the engine hood,
check to see that you have not for-
gotten any tools, rags, etc.
Here is a list of parts and tools you will
need on performing do-it-yourself main-
tenance. Rememver all Toyota parts are
designed in metric sizes, so your tools
must be metric. Checking the engine oil level Parts (if level is low): Engine oil API SH, Energy-Conserv-
ing IIº multigrade or ILSAC multigrade
having viscosity proper for your cli- mate
Tools: Rag or paper towel
Funnel (only for adding oil)
Checking the engine coolant level Parts (if level is low): Ethylene-glycol antifreeze
Demineralized or distilled water
Tools: Funnel (only for adding coolant)
Checking brake fluid Parts (if level is low): SAE J1703 or FMVSS No. 116 DOT 3 brake fluid
Tools: Rag or paper towel
Funnel (only for adding fluid) Checking power steering fluid Parts (if level is low):
Automatic transmission fluid DEX- RON [
-II or III
Tools: Rag or paper towel
Funnel (only for adding fluid)
Checking battery condition Non-maintenance batteriesÐ
Tools: Warm water
Baking soda
Grease
Conventional wrench (for terminal clamp bolts)
Parts and tools

208
ENGINE LUBRICATION Oil capacity (drain and refill), L (qt., Imp. qt.):
Two-wheel drive models 2RZ-FE engine
With filter 5.5 (5.8, 4.8)
Without filter 4.8 (5.0, 4.2)
5VZ-FE engine
With filter 5.4 (5.7, 4.8)
Without filter 5.1 (5.4, 4.5)
Four-wheel drive models 3RZ-FE engine
With filter 5.4 (5.7, 4.8)
Without filter 4.7 (5.0, 4.1)
5VZ-FE engine With filter 5.2 (5.5, 4.6)
Without filter 4.9 (5.2, 4.3)
Oil grade:
API SH, Energy-Conserving IIº multi-
grade engine oil or ILSAC multigrade en-
gine oil is recommended. Recommended oil viscosity (SAE):
COOLING SYSTEM
Total capacity, L (qt., Imp. qt.):
Two-wheel drive models With manual transmission
2RZ-FE engine
8.0 (8.5, 7.0)
5VZ-FE engine 9.7 (10.3, 8.5)
With automatic transmission
2RZ-FE engine 7.8 (8.2, 6.9)
5VZ-FE engine 9.5 (10.0, 8.4) Four-wheel drive models With manual transmission
3RZ-FE engine
8.3 (8.8, 7.3)
5VZ-FE engine 10.1 (10.7, 8.9)
With automatic transmission
3RZ-FE engine 8.2 (8.7, 7.2)
5VZ-FE engine 10.0 (10.5, 8.8)
Coolant type: With ethylene-glycol antifreeze (Do not use alcohol type.)
BATTERY Open voltage* at 20 C (68 F):
12.7 V Fully charged 12.3 V Half charged
11.9 V Discharged
*Voltage that is checked 20 minutes after
the key is removed with all the lights
turned off Charging rates: 5 A max.

209
CLUTCH
Pedal freeplay, mm (in.):
5' 15 (0.2 '0.6)
Fluid type: SAE J1703 or FMVSS No. 116 DOT 3
MANUAL TRANSAXLE
Oil capacity, L (qt., Imp. qt.):
2RZ-FE engine 2.6 (2.7, 2.3)
3RZ-FE engine 2.5 (2.6, 2.2)
5VZ-FE engine
Two-wheel drive models 2.6 (2.7, 2.3)
Four-wheel drive models 2.2 (2.3, 1.9)
Oil type:
Multipurpose gear oil API GL-4 or GL-5
Recommended oil viscosity:
SAE 75W-90 AUTOMATIC TRANSMISSION Fluid capacity (drain and refill), L (qt., Imp. qt.):
Two-wheel drive models 2RZ-FE engine
Up to 2.4 (2.5 2.1)
5VZ-FE engine Up to 1.6 (1.7, 1.4)
Four-wheel drive models Up to 2.0 (2.1, 1.8)
Fluid type:
Automatic transmission fluid D-II or DEXRON [
III (DEXRON [
II)
TRANSFER
Oil capacity, L (qt., lmp. qt.): 1.0 (1.1, 0.9)
Oil type: Multipurpose gear oil API GL-4 or
GL-5 Recommended oil viscosity: SAE 75W-90 DIFFERENTIAL
Oil capacity, L (qt., lmp. qt.):
Two-wheel drive models
2RZ-FE engine 1.35 (1.4, 1.2)
5VZ-FE engine 2.55 (2.7, 2.2)
Four-wheel drive models Front A.D.D. 1.15 (1.2, 1.0)
Except A.D.D. 1.1 (1.2, 1.0)
Rear Short wheel base
With rear differential lock system 2.65 (2.8, 2.3)
Without rear differential lock system 2.55 (2.7, 2.2)
Extra long wheel base
With rear differential lock system 2.95 (3.1, 2.6)
Without rear differential lock system 2.05 (2.2, 1.8)
Oil type: Hypoid gear oil API GL-5

210
Recommended oil viscosity:
Front A.D.D.
SAE 75W-90
Except A.D.D. Above -18 C (0 F)
SAE 90
Below -18 C (0 F)
SAE 80W or 80W-90
Rear Above -18 C (0 F)
SAE 90
Below -18 C (0 F)
SAE 80W or 80W-90 CHASSIS LUBRICATION Wheel bearings:
Lithium base wheel bearing grease, NLGI No. 2
Front drive shaft thrust bushings:
Synthetic oil and lithium soap basechassis grease, NLGI No. 1
Propeller shafts:
SpidersLithium base chassis grease, NLGI No. 2
Slide youke and double cardan joint
Molybdenum-disulfide lithiumbase chassis grease, NLGI No. 2
BRAKES Minimum pedal clearance when de- pressed with the pressure of 490 N (50
kgf, 110 lbf) with the engine running, mm(in.): 72 (2.8)
Pedal freeplay, mm (in.):
3' 6 (0.12 '0.24)
Pad wear limit, mm (in.):
1.0 (0.04)
Lining wear limit, mm (in.):
1.0 (0.04)
Parking brake adjustment when pulled with the force of 196 N (20 kgf, 44 lbf):
12'18 clicks
Fluid type:
SAE J1703 or FMVSS No. 116 DOT 3 STEERING Wheel freeplay:
Less than 30 mm (1.2 in.)
Power steering fluid type: Automatic transmission fluid DEXRON [
II or III