1996 TOYOTA LAND CRUISER Diff

IN0H2−01
Z00796
SUPPORT POSITIONRear ......................................... Under rear differential
Safety stand ...........................................................\
...............
JACK POSITION
SCREW
TYPE JACK POSITION
Front
Front ........................................ Under front differential
IN−8
−
INTRODUCTION REPAIR INSTRUCTIONS
1996 LAND CRUISER (RM451U)
VEHICLE LIFT AND SUPPORT LOCATIONS
o
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IN0IO−01
BO4111
Negative Cable
−
INTRODUCTION FOR ALL OF VEHICLES
IN−9
9
Author: Date:
1996 LAND CRUISER (RM451U)
FOR ALL OF VEHICLES
PRECAUTION
1. FOR VEHICLES EQUIPPED WITH SRS AIRBAG AND
SEAT BELT PRETENSIONER
(a) The LAND CRUISER is equipped with an SRS (Supple-
mental Restraint System), such as the driver airbag and
front passenger airbag assembly.
Failure to carry out service operations in the correct se-
quence could cause the supplemental restraint system to
unexpectedly deploy during servicing, possibly leading to
a serious accident.
Further, if a mistake is made in servicing the supplemental
restraint system, it is possible the SRS may fail to operate
when required. Before servicing (including removal or
installation of parts, inspection or replacement), be sure
to read the following items carefully, then follow the cor-
rect procedure described in this manual.
(b) GENERAL NOTICE (1) Malfunction symptoms of the supplemental re-straint system are difficult to confirm, so the diag-
nostic trouble codes become the most important
source of information when troubleshooting. When
troubleshooting the supplemental restraint system,
always inspect the diagnostic trouble codes before
disconnecting the battery (See page DI−240).
(2) Work must be started after 90 seconds from the
time the ignition switch is turned to the ”LOCK” posi-
tion and the negative ( −) terminal cable is discon-
nected from the battery.
(The supplemental restraint system is equipped
with a back−up power source so that if work is
started within 90 seconds of disconnecting the neg-
ative (−) terminal cable from the battery, the SRS
may deploy.)
When the negative (−) terminal cable is discon-
nected from the battery, memory of the clock and
audio systems will be cancelled. So before starting
work, make a record of the contents memorized by
the each memory system. Then when work is fin-
ished, reset the clock and audio systems as before.
To avoid erasing the memory of each memory sys-
tem, never use a back− up power supply from anoth-
er battery.
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V08127
IN−14
−
INTRODUCTION FOR ALL OF VEHICLES
14
Author: Date:
1996 LAND CRUISER (RM451U)
2. WHEN TOWING FULL −TIME 4WD VEHICLES
Use one of the methods shown below to tow the vehicle.
If the vehicle has trouble in the chassis and drive train, use method 1 \
(flat bed truck).
TransmissionTransfer(w/oASS)
~
Parking
ShiftLever
ShiftLever Center
Center
Towing Method Brake
Position PositionDifferential
Differential
Lock Switch
CDFlatSed Truck
~
IN0309
@WheelLiftType Truck with
Dollies FREE
Applied
lipIIRangeIIHIIPosition OFF(Normal)
~
Driving
ii-;~
@TowingwithRope
L~
ReleasedlINIIRangeIIN/IPosition
OFFt
IN0312
HINT:Donotuse anytowing methods otherthanthose shown above.
Forexample, thetowing method shownbelowisdangerous, sodo not use it.
NO
~
IN0313
During towing withthistowing method, thereisadanger of thedrivetrain
heating upand causing breakdown, orofthe front wheels flyingoffthe
dolly.
\127
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Important Points in the Customer Problem Analysis
 What −−−−− Vehicle model, system name
 When −−−−− Date, time, occurrence frequency
 Where −−−−− Road conditions
 Under what conditions? −−−−− Running conditions, driving conditions, weather conditions
 How did it happen? −−−−− Problem symptoms
(Sample) Engine control system check sheet.
ENGINE CONTROL SYSTEM Check Sheet
Customer’s Name
Driver’s Name
Data Vehicle
Brought in
License No.
Model and Model
Year
Frame No.
Engine Model
Odometer Reading
km
miles
Problem Symptoms
Engine does
not Start
Difficult to
Start
Poor Idling
Poor
Drive ability
Engine Stall
Others
Engine does not crankNo initial combustionNo complete combustion
Engine cranks slowly
Other
Incorrect first idleIdling rpm is abnormalHigh ( rpm)Low ( rpm)
Rough idling
Other
HesitationBack fireMuffler explosion (after− fire)Surging
Knocking
Other
Soon after startingAfter accelerator pedal depressed
After accelerator pedal released
During A/C operation
Shifting from N to D
Other
Data Problem
ConstantSometimes ( times per day/month)
Inspector’s
Name
CUSTOMER PROBLEM ANALYSIS CHECK
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INTRODUCTION HOW TO TROUBLESHOOT ECU CONTROLLED
SYSTEMSIN−19
1996 LAND CRUISER (RM451U)
1. CUSTOMER PROBLEM ANALYSIS
In troubleshooting, the problem symptoms must be confirmed accurately an\
d all preconceptions must be
cleared away in order to give an accurate judgment. To ascertain just what the problem symptoms are, it is
extremely important to ask the customer about the problem and the conditions at t\
he time it occurred.
Important Point in the Problem Analysis:
The following 5 items are important points in the problem analysis. Past pr\
oblems which are thought to be
unrelated and the repair history, etc. may also help in some cases, so as much information as possible s\
hould
be gathered and its relationship with the problem symptoms should be corre\
ctly ascertained for reference
in troubleshooting. A customer problem analysis table is provided in Diagnostics section for each system
for your use.
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DIAGNOSTIC TROUBLE CODE CHECK PROCEDURE
Diagnostic Trouble
Code Check (Make a
note of and then clear) Confirmation
of Symptoms
Diagnostic Trouble
Code Check
Problem Condition
Diagnostic Trouble
Code Display Problem symptoms
exist
Same diagnostic
trouble code is
displayed Problem is
still occurring in the diagnostic
circuit
Normal code is
displayed The problem is still occurring in a place
other than in the diagnostic circuit
(The diagnostic trouble code displayed
first is either for a past problem or it is a
secondary problem)
No problem
symptoms exist
The problem occurred in the diagnostic
circuit in the past
Normal Code Display Problem symptoms
existNormal code is
displayed The problem is still occurring in a place
other than in the diagnostic circuit
No problem
symptoms exist
Normal code is
displayed The problem occurred in a place other
than in the diagnostic circuit in the past
IN−20−
INTRODUCTION HOW TO TROUBLESHOOT ECU CONTROLLED
SYSTEMS
1996 LAND CRUISER (RM451U)
2. SYMPTOM CONFIRMATION AND DIAGNOSTIC TROUBLE CODE CHECK
The diagnostic system in the LAND CRUISER fulfills various functions. The first functio\
n is the Diagnostic
Trouble Code Check in which a malfunction in the signal circuits to the ECU is stored in co\
de in the ECU
memory at the time of occurrence, to be output by the technician during troubl\
eshooting. Another function
is the Input Signal Check which checks if the signals from various switc\
hes are sent to the ECU correctly.
By using these check functions, the problem areas can be narrowed down qui\
ckly and troubleshooting can
be performed ef fectively. Diagnostic functions are incorporated in the following systems in the LAND CRUIS-
ER.
SystemDiagnostic Trouble
Code CheckInput Signal Check(Sensor Check)Diagnostic Test
Mode (Active Test)
1. Engine
(with Check Mode)
2. Automatic T ransmission
(with Check Mode)
3. Anti− Lock Brake System
4. Supplemental Restraint System
5. Cruise Control System
In diagnostic trouble code check, it is very important to determine whethe\
r the problem indicated by the diag-
nostic trouble code is still occurring or occurred in the past but returned to\
normal at present. In addition,
it must be checked in the problem symptom check whether the malfunction \
indicated by the diagnostic
trouble code is directly related to the problem symptom or not. For this reason, the \
diagnostic trouble codes
should be checked before and after the symptom confirmation to determine the curre\
nt conditions, as shown
in the table below. If this is not done, it may, depending on the case, result in unnecessary troubleshooting
for normally operating systems, thus making it more difficult to locate the problem, or in repairs not pertinent
to the problem. Therefore, always follow the procedure in correct order an\
d perform the diagnostic trouble
code check.
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V07268
VIBRATION METHOD: When vibration seems to be the major cause.
CONNECTORS
WIRE HARNESS
PARTS AND SENSOR 1
Slightly shake the connector vertically and horizontally.
Slightly shake the wire harness vertically and horizontally.
The connector joint, fulcrum of the vibration, and body
through portion are the major areas to be checked thorough-
ly.
Apply slight vibration with a finger to the part of the sensor
considered to be the pr oblem cause and check that the mal-
function occurs. Shake Slightly
Swing SlightlyVibrate Slightly
HINT:
Applying strong vibration to relays may result in open relays.
IN−22
−
INTRODUCTION HOW TO TROUBLESHOOT ECU CONTROLLED
SYSTEMS
1996 LAND CRUISER (RM451U)
3. SYMPTOM SIMULATION
The most dif ficult case in troubleshooting is when there are no problem symptoms occurring. In such\
cases,
a thorough customer problem analysis must be carried out, then simulate \
the same or similar conditions and
environment in which the problem occurred in the customer’s vehicle. No matter how much experience a
technician has, or how skilled he may be, if he proceeds to troubleshoot without c\
onfirming the problem
symptoms he will tend to overlook something important in the repair operation an\
d make a wrong guess
somewhere, which will only lead to a standstill. For example, for a problem which only occurs \
when the en-
gine is cold, or for a problem which occurs due to vibration caused by the road during\
driving, etc., the prob-
lem can never be determined so long as the symptoms are confirmed with t\
he engine hot condition or the
vehicle at a standstill. Since vibration, heat or water penetration (moisture) is l\
ikely cause for problem which
is difficult to reproduce, the symptom simulation tests introduced here are ef\
fective measures in that the ex-
ternal causes are applied to the vehicle in a stopped condition.
Important Points in the Symptom Simulation Test:
In the symptom simulation test, the problem symptoms should of course be c\
onfirmed, but the problem area
or parts must also be found out. To do this, narrow down the possible problem circuits according to the symp-
toms before starting this test and connect a tester beforehand. After that, \
carry out the symptom simulation
test, judging whether the circuit being tested is defective or normal and also confirming the \
problem symp-
toms at the same time. Refer to the problem symptoms table for each syst\
em to narrow down the possible
causes of the symptom.
FI2331
FI2332
FI2330
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−
INTRODUCTION HOW TO TROUBLESHOOT ECU CONTROLLED
SYSTEMSIN−25
1996 LAND CRUISER (RM451U)
5. PROBLEM SYMPTOMS TABLE
The suspected circuits or parts for each problem symptom are shown in th\
e table below. Use this table to
troubleshoot the problem when a ”Normal” code is displayed in the \
diagnostic trouble code check but the
problem is still occurring. Numbers in the table indicate the inspection order in which the circuits or parts
should be checked.
HINT:
When the problem is not detected by the diagnostic system even though the pr\
oblem symptom is present,
it is considered that the problem is occurring outside the detection ran\
ge of the diagnostic system, or that
the problem is occurring in a system other than the diagnostic system.
Symptom
Suspected AreaSee page
Engine does not crank (Does not start)
No initial combustion (Does not start)
No complete combustion (Does not start) 1. Starter and starter relay
1. ECM power source circuit
2. Fuel pump control circuit
3. ECM
1. Starter signal circuit
2. Fuel pump control circuit 1. Fuel pump control circuit
DI−147
DI−151
IN−29
PROBLEM SYMPTOMS TABLE
1. Compression
2. Fuel pump control circuit 1. A/C signal circuit
2. Fuel pump control circuit 1. A/C signal circuit (Compressor circuit)
2. ECM power source circuit 1. Starter signal circuit
2. Fuel pump control circuit1. Starter signal circuit
2. Fuel pump control circuit
3. Compression
idling)
High engine idle speed (Poor idling) Hot engine
Cold engine (Difficult to start) Engine cranks normally (Difficult to start)
AC−88 DI−144
DI−151
EM−3 DI−151
 Problem Symptom Page
Indicates the page where the flow chart for each circuit
is located.
 Circuit Inspection, Inspection Order
Indicates the circuit which needs to be checked for each problem
symptom. Check in the order indicated by the numbers.
 Circuit or Part Name
Indicates the circuit or part which needs to be checked.
ST−2
ST−17
DI−144
DI−151
DI−144
DI−151
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IN04Q−07
−
INTRODUCTION TERMS
IN−33
33
Author: Date:
1996 LAND CRUISER (RM451U)
TERMS
ABBREVIATIONS USED IN THIS MANUAL
AbbreviationsMeaning
ABSAnti−Lock Brake System
ACAlternating Current
ACCAccessory
ACISAcoustic Control Induction System
ACSDAutomatic Cold Start Device
A.D.D.Automatic Disconnecting Differential
A/FAir−Fuel Ratio
AHCActive Height Control Suspension
ALRAutomatic Locking Retractor
ALTAlternator
AMPAmplifier
ANTAntenna
APPROX.Approximately
A/TAutomatic Transmission (Transaxle)
AT FAutomatic Transmission Fluid
AUTOAutomatic
AUXAuxiliary
AV GAverage
AV SAdaptive Variable Suspension
BABrake Assist
BACSBoost Altitude Compensation System
BATBattery
BDCBottom Dead Center
B/LBi−Level
B/SBore−Stroke Ratio
BTDCBefore Top Dead Center
BVSVBimetallic Vacuum Switching V alve
Calif.California
CBCircuit Breaker
CCoCatalytic Converter For Oxidation
CDCompact Disc
CFCornering Force
CGCenter Of Gravity
CHChannel
COMB.Combination
CPECoupe
CPSCombustion Pressure Sensor
CPUCentral Processing Unit
CRSChild Restraint System
CTRCenter
C/VCheck Valve
CVControl Valve
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