1995 LAND ROVER DISCOVERY lock

STEERING
9
FAULT DIAGNOSIS POWER STEERING SYSTEM - EXCESSIVE NOISE
1.Is fluid level correct?
YES - go to 3.
NO - Refill or drain to correct level. Bleed
system, check for leaks.
See Repair,
Power Steering System - Bleed
2.Is problem resolved?
YES - end
NO - continue.
3.Is pressure hose from pump to box touching
body in a hard foul condition?
YES - reroute hose away from body.
NO - go to 5.
4.Does noise remain?
YES - continue.
NO - end.
5.Is noise a whistle or hiss on full lock?
YES - noise is not a fault unless excessive.
Compare with other vehicles
NO - go to 8.
6.Is noise excessive?
YES - continue.
NO - end.
7.Change steering box and/or pump.
8.Is noise a squeal on full lock?
YES - check/reset drive belt tension.
See
ENGINE, Repair, Drive Belt
NO - go to 10.
9.Does squeal remain?
YES - drive belt contaminated, change belt.
NO - end.
10.Is noise a continuous moan?
YES - bleed PAS system.
See Repair, Power
Steering System - Bleed
NO - go to 13.
11.Does moan remain?
YES - do figure 8 manoeuvres.
NO - end.
12.Does moan remain?
YES - continue
NO - end.13.Is noise an intermittent "grunt"?
YES -
See Power Steering System - Grunt
NO - continue.
14.Is it a clunking noise?
YES - reset drive belt tension.
See ENGINE,
Repair, Drive Belt
NO - contact local technical office.
15.Does noise remain?
YES - Suspect suspension or drive train.
NO - end.
POWER STEERING SYSTEM - GRUNT
Steering box grunts intermittently when turning
from lock to lock:
1.Is fluid level correct?
YES - go to 3.
NO - refill or drain to correct level. Bleed
system, check for leaks.
See Repair,
Power Steering System - Bleed
2.Does grunt remain?
YES - continue
NO - end.
3.Is correct low pressure hose ANR 3152, steering
box to reservoir fitted?
YES - go to 5.
NO - Fit correct hose.
4.Does grunt remain?
YES - continue
NO - end.
5.Purge box by doing figure 8 manoeuvres e.g. on
car park, followed by 10 minutes normal road
use.
6.Does grunt remain?
YES - Contact local technical office
NO - end.

57STEERING
10
FAULT DIAGNOSIS VISUAL AND SAFETY CHECKS
WARNING: Before taking vehicle out on
the public highway for road test, it is
important that the following basic visual
checks are carried out to ensure that the vehicle
complies with legal requirements.
Tyres and wheel rims
1.Check and adjust tyre pressures.
See
GENERAL SPECIFICATION DATA,
Information, Tyre Pressures
Note that this information refers to standard tyres
fitted as original equipment.
2.Check condition of tyres. Inspect for signs of
uneven wear, damage and feathering. Check
tread depth.
3.Ensure that the tyre make, type and general
condition are common across each axle.
4.Check wheel rims for signs of damage and
excessive run out.
5.Carry out road test.
See Road Test Procedure
ROAD TEST PROCEDURE
General steering/handling problems can usually be
classified into one of the categories listed and ARE
GENERALLY RELATED TO THE AGE, CONDITION
AND USE OF THE VEHICLE.
WARNING: Ensure that all road tests are
conducted by suitably qualified drivers in
a safe and legal manner, and where local
traffic conditions allow.
1.Carry out visual and safety checks.
See Visual
and Safety Checks
Confirm general nature of complaint with customer,
simulating where possible the conditions under which
the problem occurs. Carry out following road test
procedure to establish the problem.2.Steering load assessment - drive at 16 km/h (10
mph). Put 90°turn input into steering wheel,
check self centering. The self centering should
be equal on each lock BUT not necessarily
return to exactly straight ahead without
assistance from the driver.
3.Steering assessment - drive at 64 km/h (40 mph)
on a staight FLAT road (no camber), check for
steering veer. The vehicle should follow a
straight path with NO tendency to follow a
curved path. If vehicle veers towards the kerb,
vehicle may be 'camber sensitive'. A small
amount of veer in direction of camber is
acceptable.
4.Directional stability assessment - drive at 112
km/h (70 mph) or maximum legal speed on a
straight flat road. Carry out a normal lane
change. Vehicle should quickly settle into a new
straight path.
5.Braking assessment (medium effort) - drive at 96
km/h (60 mph) on a straight flat road. Apply
steady medium braking effort, noting any
tendency to veer. Carry out brake test three
times, if a veer is consistently noted carry out a
braking efficiency test on a rolling road.
6.Braking assessment (full effort) - drive at 96
km/h (60 mph) on a straight flat road. Apply full
braking effort, noting any tendency to veer. Carry
out brake test three times, if a veer is
consistently noted carry out a braking efficiency
test on a rolling road.
If the symptom described by the customer is stiff
steering or steering niggle, carry out stiff steering
procedure.
See Stiff Steering Checklist
If not proceed with basic checks and adjustments.
See Visual Check and Basic Adjustments

STEERING
11
FAULT DIAGNOSIS STIFF STEERING CHECKLIST
NOTE: Having completed visual checks
and steering assessment and confirmed
that vehicle steering load is incorrect carry
out the following procedure in order shown.
Steering wheel 'torque to turn' loads
1.Raise vehicle so both front wheels free.
2.With engine off, centralise steering wheel, and
remove air bag, if fitted or steering wheel pad.
Using torque wrench on column nut, check
torque required to turn the steering wheel one
turn in each direction.
3.Record readings obtained in each direction.
Compare figures obtained with the specified
figures:
Without ABS
4.40 Nm.
With ABS4.65 Nm.
NOTE: If figures are in excess of those
specified carry out steering box tie bar
reset below. If figures are as specified.
See Visual Check and Basic Adjustments
Steering box tie bar reset
1.Loosen the three tie bar fixings one complete
turn.
2.Drive vehicle carefully a short distance (within
the dealership) applying full lock in both
directions in order to settle steering components.
Drive vehicle over speed bumps and include
harsh braking if possible.
WARNING: Do not drive on public
highway.
3.Near end of 2. ensure vehicle is driven in a
straight line on level ground and halted.
4.Tighten panhard rod mounting arm nut,
110 Nm.
5.Tighten the two fixings tie bar to steering box,81
Nm.
6.Recheck steering wheel torque to turn. If torque
reading is still greater than specified, carry out
steering shaft universal joint lubrication.Lower steering shaft universal joint lubrication
1.Check lower steering shaft is correctly phased.
See Repair, Lower Steering Shaft and
Universal Joints
2.Lubricate universal joints with an anti-seizure
type penetrating spray. Work the joints to ensure
full penetration of the spray by driving vehicle
and steering from lock to lock.
3.If steering stiffness still persists carry out swivel
pin preload setting.
Swivel pin preload setting
The swivel pin preload setting must be checked and
set following the workshop manual procedure.
1.NON ABS vehicles.
See FRONT AXLE AND
FINAL DRIVE, Overhaul, Front Stub Axle,
Constant Velocity Joint and Swivel Pin
Housing Non ABS
Note that a pull load of 1.16 - 1.46 kg is required
after the axle shaft and swivel housing seal have
been removed.
2.ABS vehicles.
See FRONT AXLE AND FINAL
DRIVE, Overhaul, Front Stub Axle, Constant
Velocity Joint and Swivel Pin Housing ABS
Note that a torque to turn of 2.0 - 2.8 Nm is
required after the axle shaft and swivel housing
seal have been removed.
3.If steering stiffness still persists carry out
steering column alignment.

STEERING
1
ADJUSTMENT POWER STEERING BOX
Service repair no - 57.10.13
WARNING: Adjustments of steering box
should not be required while in warranty
period. If box is stiff or tight and within
warranty, it must be returned to manufacturer. No
attempt must be made to introduce backlash.
1.Apply park brake, select 'P' in automatic
transmission and chock wheels. Support chassis
front on axle stands.
2.Remove engine undertray.
3.Disconnect drag link from steering drop arm.
4.Check torque to turn.
See Fault diagnosis,
Stiff Steering Checklist
5.Centralise steering box.See Centralise
Steering Box
NOTE: Only check for no backlash when
steering box is in central position.
NOTE: If steering wheel is not straight, it
should be repositioned.
See Repair,
Steering Wheel
The adjustment of the steering box ensures
any preload or end float present on centre is
removed.
6.The adjustment is obtained by rocking the drop
arm about centre whilst an assistant slowly
tightens the steering box adjuster screw.
7.Tighten the locknut when all backlash has been
removed.
8.Repeat the check for backlash. If backlash exists
loosen locknut and repeat adjustment
procedure.
9.Turn steering wheel lock to lock and check no
tightness exists.
10.Ensure front wheels are aligned and in straight
ahead position.
See Front Wheel Alignment
11.Adjust drag link 924 mm between ball joint
centres.
12.Connect drag link. Tighten to
40 Nm.
13.Lower vehicle to ground level and remove
chocks.
14.Road test vehicle.
See Fault diagnosis, Road
Test Procedure
NOTE: If steering wheel is not in straight
ahead position when vehicle is travelling
in a straight line, drag link length is
incorrect and is pushing drop arm away from
central position.
Drag link adjust
15.Right hand drive vehicles - if steering wheel is to
right, drag link is too long. If steering wheel is to
left drag link is too short.
Left hand drive vehicles - if steering wheel is to
right, drag link is too short. If steering wheel is to
left drag link is too long.
16.Adjust drag link until steering wheel points
straight ahead when vehicle is travelling in a
straight line.
CENTRALISE STEERING BOX
1.To centralise the box, insert a suitable peg (hole
size 8.06 mm) into the rear of the drop arm and
into the steering box casing to enable rapid and
accurate setting on centre.

57STEERING
2
ADJUSTMENT STEERING LOCK STOPS
Service repair no - 57.65.03
Check
1.Measure clearance between tyre wall and radius
arm at full lock. This must be 20 mm.
Adjust
2.Loosen stop bolt locknut.
3.Turn stop bolt as required.
4.Tighten locknut.
5.Check clearance between tyre wall and radius
arm on each lock.
NOTE: Alternatively lock stop adjustment
may be carried out using following
procedure.
Check
1.Measure stop bolt protrusion as shown in
RR1697M. This must be 40.5 mm.
Adjust
2.Loosen stop bolt locknut.
3.Turn stop bolt as required.
4.Tighten locknut.
5.Check wheel position at full lock.

57STEERING
2
REPAIR POWER STEERING BOX
Service repair no - 57.10.01
General precautions
1.Whenever any part of system, is removed or
disconnected, utmost cleanliness must be
observed.
2.Disconnected ports and hoses must be plugged
to prevent ingress of dirt. If metal sediment is
found in system, establish cause rectify and
flush system.
3.Do not start engine until reservoir is full as pump
will be damaged.
4.Metric pipe fittings are used with 'O' ring pipe
ends on fittings to steering box.
5.Follow normal 'O' ring replacement procedure
whenever pipes are disconnected.
6.Ensure compatible metric components when
fitting replacement pipes.
CAUTION: Before removing any parts of
steering linkage, it is imperative that road
wheels are positioned straight ahead.
Then steering wheel removed to prevent rotary
coupler being wound up or damaged.
CAUTION: After refitting steering linkage
parts follow correct procedure to ensure
that road wheels, steering box and
steering wheel are correctly positioned relative to
each other when in straight ahead condition. If
steering wheel requires repositioning, ensure that
drive pegs on rotary coupler are correctly
positioned before steering wheel is replaced.
This ensures drive pegs locate in their holes in
rear of steering wheel.
After final alignment connect rotary coupler
multiplug, tighten steering wheel securing nut and
fit air bag - if fitted or steering wheel trim pad.
NOTE: When drag link is disconnected
from steering box, travel available at
steering wheel to each full lock is not
equal.
Remove
1.Site vehicle on level surface.
2.Open bonnet[hood].
3.Remove filler cap from power steering fluid
reservoir.
4.Clean steering box.
5.Disconnect feed and return pipes from steering
box.
6.Plug open pipes and steering box ports to
prevent ingress of dirt.
7.Support chassis front on axle stands. Or raise
vehicle on a hoist.
WARNING: Ensure wheels are chocked,
parking brake is applied, and low range
selected.

57STEERING
4
REPAIR
Refit
15.Position steering box to chassis side member,
ensuring locating peg is engaged. Tighten bolts
to
81 Nm.
16.Fit pinch bolt and nut securing universal joint to
power steering box. Tighten to
25 Nm.
17.Position tie bar, tighten bolts and nut to81 Nm,
starting with tie bar to mounting nut, then
loosen nut and bolts by one complete turn.
18.Check steering box, adjust if necessary.See
Adjustment, Power Steering Box
19.Refit drag link to drop arm tighten nut to40 Nm.
20.Fit undertray.
21.Lower vehicle to ground.
22.Remove plugs and refit pipes to steering box.
Tighten 16mm thread to
20 Nm.
14mm thread to15 Nm.
23.Remove filler cap. Fill reservoir to oil level mark
on dipstick. Use recommended fluid.
See
LUBRICANTS, FLUIDS AND CAPACITIES,
Information, Recommended Lubricants and
Fluids
and bleed power steering system.See
Power Steering System - Bleed
24.Recheck fluid level and replace cap.
25.With engine running, test steering system for
leaks by holding steering in both full lock
directions.
CAUTION: Do not maintain this pressure
for more than 30 seconds in any one
minute, to avoid oil overheating and
possible seal damage.
26.Test drive vehicle: using both full lock directions,
to settle steering components. If possible, drive
vehicle over speed bumps and include harsh
braking.
WARNING: Do not test drive vehicle on
public highway.
27.Drive vehicle in a straight line on level ground
and stop.
28.Tighten tie bar to mounting nut to
110 Nm.
29.Tighten bolts securing tie bar to81 Nm.
30.Ensure steering wheel is correctly aligned when
wheels are positioned straight ahead.
31.If necessary reposition steering wheel.
See
Steering Wheel
32.Road test vehicle.

STEERING
5
REPAIR POWER STEERING SYSTEM - BLEED
Service repair no - 57.15.02
1.Ensure fluid in reservoir reaches dipstick
maximum.
2.Run engine to normal operating temperature.
3.Recheck and correct reservoir fluid level.
NOTE: During instructions 4 to 6, maintain
maximum fluid level in reservoir. Do not
increase engine speed or move steering
wheel.
4.With engine at idle speed, loosen bleed screw.
When fluid seeps past bleed screw retighten
screw.
5.Check fluid level.
6.Clean away fluid around bleed screw.
7.Check hose connections, pump and steering box
for fluid leaks by holding steering on full lock in
both directions.
CAUTION: Do not maintain this pressure
for more than 30 seconds in any one
minute to avoid overheating fluid and
possibly damaging seals.
8.Carry out road test.POWER STEERING FLUID RESERVOIR
Service repair no - 57.15.08
Remove
1.Remove undertray.
2.Position drain tin beneath reservoir.
3.Loosen mounting bracket clamp bolt, raise
reservoir to gain access to pipe clamps.
4.Loosen clamps, disconnect feed and return
hoses from reservoir, allow fluid to drain.
CAUTION: Plug the connections.
5.Remove reservoir.
CAUTION: Discard fluid drained from
system. Do not allow fluid to contact
paintwork, if spilled, remove fluid and
clean area with warm water.