1990 VOLKSWAGEN TRANSPORTER engine oil

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VEHICLE
CARE
General notes

The original equipment tires
and
wheel
rims
on
your
vehicle comply with
all

applicable
Federal Motor Vehicle Safety

Standards.

If you
wish
to
equip
your
vehicle with tires
or wheels other than those installed
at the

factory, please note
the
following:

•
If
you plan
to
install other than the
ori­

ginal
equipment tires
and
wheel rims,

ask
your
Volkswagen dealer.

•
For
technical reasons
it is not
possi­

ble
in
every
case
to use
wheels from
other vehicles
-
under certain condi­
tions
not
even wheels from
the
same
vehicle
model.

•
Wheel rims
and
wheel bolts
or lug

nuts are matched to fit
your
Volkswagen.

•
When installing different wheels
(for

example,
wheels with winter tires),
the

correct wheel bolts
or
lug nuts with
the
proper length
and
conical shape must
be used. The secure fit of the wheels and
the proper functioning
of the
brake system are dependent upon this.
•
Using tires and/or wheels which have
not been approved
by
the manufacturer
for
your
vehicle
type
can be detrimental
to vehicle safety.

•
If
wheel trim discs
or a
front
spoiler
are

installed,
make
sure the airflow for cooling
the brakes
is not
obstructed.

•
Before
you
plan
on
exchanging steel
wheels, light alloy wheels,
or
snow tires
already mounted on wheel rims, consult

your
Volkswagen dealer. He has the tech­
nical
information necessary
to
advise
you which wheel rims and wheel bolts
or
lug
nuts are compatible with the original
factory installations.
WARNING
•
The
use of the wheel rims and wheel
bolts
or
lug nuts that do not meet
speci­

fications
of the
original factory
install­

ed equipment will affect the safe oper­
ation
of
your
vehicle and may cause an
accident and personal
injury.
Tire specifications

Tire
specifications
are
imprinted
on the
sidewall
of
the tires.
If in
doubt, check with

your
Volkswagen dealer.

All
passenger car and some light trucks tires must conform
to
Federal Safety
Requirements
in
addition
to
these
grades.

Treadwear

The treadwear grade
is a
comparative
rating
based
on the
wear rate
of the
tire
when tested
on a
government test course. For example,
a
tire graded
150
would wear
one
and a
half
(IV2)
times
as
well
as a
tire
graded 100.
The
relative performance
of

tires depends
on
actual conditions
of use,
however,
and may
depart significantly
from
the
norm
due to
variations
in
driving
habits,
service practices
and
differences
in road characteristics and
climate.

Traction A, B, C

The traction grades, from highest
to
lowest,
are A, B and C and
represent
the

tire's ability
to
stop
on wet
pavement
as
measured
on
government test surfaces
of

asphalt
and concrete. Atire marked
C
may
have poor traction performance.


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[VEHICLE
CARE

DIFFICULT
OPERATING
CONDITIONS

Driving
under
difficult
conditions

The
vehicle construction and equipment is
designed
for normal operating conditions.

This
also applies to the frequency and the extent of service requirements as stated in
the Maintenance brochure.
If you are planning to drive your vehicle
under
difficult
operating conditions (for

example,
continuous trailer towing, very hot or cold weather, very dusty conditions,
poor fuel quality etc.) you may
want
to
make
special preparations such as chang­
ing to appropriate oil viscosity, having your

car
thoroughly inspected. Furthermore,
the maintenance should be matched to
the operating conditions (see page 95).
Operating
your
vehicle
outside
the

USA
or
Canada

Government
regulations in the United

States
and
Canada
require
that
automo­

biles
meet specific emission regulations

and
safety standards. Therefore, vehicles

built
for the USA and
Canada
differ
from

vehicles
sold in other countries.
If you plan to take your vehicle outside the
continental limits of the United States or
Canada,
there is the possibility
that

• unleaded fuels for vehicles
with
cataly­
tic converter may not be available;
• fuel may have a considerably lower
octane rating. Improper fuel may cause
engine damage;
• service may be inadequate due to lack
of proper service facilities, tools or testing
equipment;
• replacement parts may not be readily

available.

Volkswagen
cannot be responsible for
mechanical
damage
that
could result

because
of inadequate fuel, service or
parts availability.
Certain
Volkswagen models are available
for delivery in Europe under our
tourist
delivery and
return
shipment program.

For
details consult your Volkswagen

dealer
or
write
to:

USA
Volkswagen United States, Inc. Tourist Delivery
P.O.
Box 3951
Troy, MJ 48007-3951

Canada
Volkswagen
Canada,
Inc. Tourist Delivery 1940 Eglinton Avenue
East

Scarborough,
Ontario
M1L2M2

If you bought your vehicle abroad an:

want
to bring it back home, be sure M inquire about shipping and forwardin:
requirements, as well as current impc

and
customs regulations
first.

Make
sure the vehicle meets Unite:

States
emission regulations and safe:

standards.
Otherwise it may prove tc:

costly
or even impossible to add the eqi : ment necessary to bring the vehicle in::

compliance
with
these regulations a-:

standards.

Canadian
regulations require
that
any c= not complying to standards has to

shipped
back to the car's country of oric -
at the owner's expense.


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t'/INTER
DRIVING

VEHICLE CARE

Remember
the following points when
criving in the
winter:

• Winter weather is particularly hard on
ne battery. We recommend having the cattery
checked,
preferably by a
Volks­

wagen dealer, before the cold weather starts - see page 110.
If the vehicle is
left
standing for several
iveeks
at extremely low temperatures, the

rattery
should be removed - see page 111
=or
further
details. • Have the antifreeze concentration in
the cooling system checked before the cold weather starts - see page 107.
• The engine oil must have the correct
viscosity grade for the outside tempera­
tures to be expected - see page 98.
• The best way to protect the bodywork is
to wash and wax it frequently, especially in
winter - see page 90.
• Always use a windshield washer
fluid

with
antifreeze for the windshield and rear
window washer system in winter - see page 112. • Use a scraper to remove snow and ice

from
the windows - see page 91.
• On winter roads the use of winter tires
or all-weather tires
will
improve handling;
this also applies to vehicles
with
all-wheel
drive - see pages 78 and 118.
• When driving in the mountains in winter
it is best to take along a set of snow chains.

Snow
chains may be compulsory for some
mountain roads, and this restriction also

applies
to vehicles
with
all-wheel drive -

see
pages 78 and 119.
121


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DO-IT-YOURSELF-SERVICE
FUSES

A
failure in the electrical system may be
caused
by a burned fuse.

Fuses
are arranged in one centralized

unit.
The
unit
is located on the
left
side under the dashboard behind a cover.

Removing
cover:

Detach cover at
front,
swing downwards
and take it off.

Installing
cover:

Hang
cover in the eyes of fuse box
bracket, swing it upwards and press it

firmly
into
position.
Replacing
a
fuse

Before
replacing
a fuse,
turn
off all
lights

and accessories and
remove
the
ignition
key to
avoid
damaging
the
electrical

system.
• Consult the fuse listing on the following
page to
find
out which fuse belongs to the
component
that
has failed.
• Remove blown fuse
with
the plastic clip
located on cover in
front
of fuse box.
Three spare fuses can be attached to the
bottom
of the fuse panel. It is good plan­ning to keep a supply of spare fuses on

hand.
They are available at your Volks­
wagen dealer.
• Replace the blown fuse which can be
recognised by the
burnt
metal strip,
with
a
fuse of equal ampere rating. If a
fuse
blows
repeatedly,
do not
keep
or

replacing
it. The cause of the
short
cir­

cuit
or
overload
must
be found. On nc

account
should fuses be
patched
up

with
tin
foil
or
wire
as
this
may cause serious
damage
elsewhere
in the
electrj

cal
circuit
or cause a
fire.

WARNING
Do not use a
fuse
of
higher
amperage,

because
this
could
damage
the
elec­

trical
part
and
fire
can
result.

128


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DO-IT-YOURSELF-SERVICE

LIFTING
VEHICLE

The vehicle should
never
be lifted or
jacked
up from underneath the engine
oil
pan, the transmission housing, or the

front
or rear axle.
This
could lead to serious damage.
The same lifting points as illustrated for the hoist also apply when using a floor jack. To
avoid damage to the underbody or chassis

frame,
it is necessary to insert a rubber pad between the floor jack and the lift

points.

Lifting
with workshop hoist
and with floor jack

Make
sure there is sufficient clearance
between pads and vehicle before driving
vehicle on to hoist.
WARNING
When removing components such as engine block, transmission housing,

fuel
tank, wheels,
front
or rear axle, anchor vehicle to hoist or add corre­
sponding weights to maintain the cen­
ter of
gravity.
Otherwise the vehicle
might tilt or slip off the hoist, causing
serious damage or personal
injury.
•
To reduce the risk of serious perso­

nal
injury
and vehicle damage, lift
vehicle only at the special workshop hoist and floor jack lift points illustra­

ted.
Failure to lift vehicle at these points could cause the vehicle to tilt or
fall

from a lift when, for example,
heavy
components such as the engine block
or transmission are removed result­
ing
in a change in vehicle weight and

balance.

•
If you must lift
your
vehicle with a
floor jack to work underneath, be sure
the vehicle is safely supported on
stands
intended for this purpose.
Lifting
points

Front

At the
front
jacking point.
Rear

At rear cross member.
The vehicle must be lifted only at the lift
points illustrated.

Lifting
with vehicle jack Refer to the "Changing a wheel" on page

125.

140


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I TECHNICAL
DESCRIPTION

ENGINE
MANUAL
TRANSMISSION

AUTOMATIC
TRANSMISSION

• Four stroke gasoline engine in rear.
• Four cylinder horizontally opposed.
• Crankshaft
with
four main bearings.
• Liquid cooling system, thermostatically
controlled.
• Thermoswitch operated electric fan. • Pressure oil feed
with
gear - type
pump and
full
flow
filter.

• Self-adjusting hydraulic valve filters.
• AFC (Airflow controlled) fuel injection.
•
Paper
element air cleaner.
• Exhaust emission control system
with

activated charcoal
filter
in the fuel system.
• Breakerless electronic ignition. • Single plate, dry clutch.
• Synchronized four speed transmission

and'
differential in one housing
with
com­

mon lubrication.
•
Rear
wheel drive,
with
two constant
velocity joints per drive shaft.
Syncro • Hydraulically operated single plate

clutch.

• Baulk synchronised 4-speed manual
transmission
with
additional Low-speed
traction gear (4+L transmission).
• Permanent four-wheel drive through

viscous
coupling.
• Manually operated differential lock for
rear final drive available as optional extra. • Hydrodynamic torque converter an:
planetary gearing
with
three forward an:
one reverse gear.
• Final drive in separate housing.
•
Rear
wheel drive,
with
two constar:
velocity joints per drive shaft.


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TECHNICAL
DESCRIPTION

FRONTWHEEL SUSPENSION
• Independent upper and lower control
arm
• Stabilizer
•
Coil
springs • Shock absorbers
Syncro • Independent wheel suspension by

means
of double wishbones
with
coil
springs and telescopic shock absorbers.
• Double
jointed
shafts
• Stabilizer bar
•
Viscous
coupling

Steering
•
Rack
and pinion
• Safety steering column REAR WHEEL SUSPENSION
• Independent semi-trailing arms
with

integrated axle support
•
Coil
springs
• Shock absorbers
Syncro • Independent wheel suspension by way
of diagonal arm axle
with
coil springs and

telescopic
dampers.
• Double
jointed
drive shafts
• Differential lock as optional extra.
BRAKES

• Hydraulic dual-circuit power-assisted
brake system
with
pressure regulator for rear wheel circuit. Front wheels
with
disc

brakes,
rear wheels
with
self-adjusting
drum brakes.
• Parking brake for rear wheels.
Body/Chassis • All steel unitized body
• Frame plates reinforced
with
side and

cross
members.

143


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TECHNICAL
DESCRIPTION

EMISSION
CONTROL SYSTEM
In the
interest
of
clean
air Pollution of our environment has become

a
problem
that
is of increasing concern to
all of us. We urge you to
join
us in our ef­

forts
for cleaner air in controlling the pollu­
tants emitted from the automobile.

You
can make a significant contribution to
keeping our air clean by:
• Always using lead free gasoline.
• Not
letting
your vehicle idle
unnecessa­

rily.
• Following the recommended preven­
tive maintenance schedule contained in
the maintenance booklet.
• Not removing or altering the emission
control system.
• Taking the precautions described
below to prevent damage to the emission
control system in your vehicle.

Volkswagen
warrants the Emission
Con­
trol
System in your new vehicle under the
terms and conditions set
forth
in the War­ ranty booklet.

Your
Volkswagen is equipped
with
such a
system,
which contains the following major components.
Catalytic
converter

The catalytic converter is an efficient
"clean-up"
device
built
into
the exhaust system of the vehicle. The catalytic conver­
ter burns the undesirable pollutants in the exhaust gas before it is released
into
the
atmosphere.
The
exclusive
use of
unleaded
fuel
is cri­
tically
important
for the
life
of the
cataly­

tic
converter
and
proper
functioning
of
the
engine.

The
catalytic
converter
will
be
perma­
nently
damaged
by
•
exceeding
the "max"
marking
when

adding
engine
oil (see
page
99)
• push or tow
starting
your
vehicle

•
misfiring
of the
engine

•
turning
off the
ignition
while
the

vehicle
is
moving
or
•
other
unusual
operating
conditions. Do not
continue
to
operate
your
vehicle

under
these
conditions, as
otherwise

fuel
can
reach
the
catalytic
converter.

This could
result
in
overheating
of the
converter,
requiring
its
replacement.

For
maintenance intervals refer to your
Maintenance booklet.

Oxygen
Sensor (OXS)
The oxygen sensor, installed in the exhaust manifold, continuously
senses

the oxygen content of the exhaust and

signals
the information to an electronic
control
unit.

Carbon
canister

The vehicle is equipped
with
a carbon canister to prevent fuel vapor from
esca­
ping
into
the atmosphere.
The vapor is passed
into
the carbon canister, where it is retained when the
engine is turned off. When the engine is running, a valve allows air
into
the canister,
and the fuel vapor is passed to the engine
for combustion.
The system does not require any main­
tenance.

144


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