1990 VOLKSWAGEN TRANSPORTER steering wheel

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VEHICLE OPERATION

For
best roadability adjust your load to the
maximum allowed tongue load. To be sure

measure
tongue load of loaded trailer on
bathroom
scales.

Check
that
both sides of your trailer can be

seen
from the driver's seat. If necessary in­
stall extended rear-view mirrors.

Check
proper working of vehicle and
trailer lights.

Check
cold
tire
pressure of both vehicle

and
trailer.

Be
sure trailer safety chains are properly

connected
from trailer to the hitch on the

vehicle.
Leave enough slack in the chains
to permit turning corners.

Trailer
towing
tips
Your
vehicle handles differently when tow­ ing a trailer because of the additional
weight. Safety, performance and economy
will greatly depend on how carefully you
load
your trailer and operate your "rig."
Before
you actually tow your trailer, prac­
tice turning, stopping and reversing in an
area
away from
traffic
until
you learn the
feel of your vehicle and trailer
unit.

Reversing
is
difficult
and requires practice.

Steering
while reversing is generally oppo­
site of
that
when backing your vehicle with­
out a trailer.

Observe
speed limits. In some areas

speeds
for vehicles towing trailers are lower than for regular vehicles.
Maintain a greater distance between your

vehicle
and the one in
front.
You will need more room to stop.

When
passing remember
that
you cannot
accelerate
as fast as you normally would

because
of the added load. Make sure you
have
enough room to
pass.
After passing
allow plenty of room for your trailer before

changing
lanes again.

Avoid
jerky starts or sudden acceleration.
Slow
down in crosswinds and on rougi"

roads.
Be especially carefull when
pas­

sing
other vehicles and trucks.

When
parking always block the wheels o: both vehicle and trailer. Do not park
with
a
trailer on a slope. If it cannot be avoided dc
so
only after the following:
• Apply brakes.
• Have someone place wheel blocks
under both vehicle and trailer wheels.
• With wheel blocks in place slowly re­

lease
brakes
until
wheel blocks absorb the

load.

• Apply parking brake.
•
Place
transmission in
"P"
for automatic
or in
first
or reverse gear for manual trans­
mission.

74


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VEHICLE
OPERATION

WARNING continued
•
The permanently engaged allwheel-
drive
will
provide
good
performance on relatively wet or slippery
roads.
Be
sure
to use these features and advantages
wisely. Do not let the excellent traction
which your VW
SYNCRO
offers lead

you
to underestimate the difficulties
and risks involved in negotiating wet or
slippery
roads. Always drive defen­

sively
and adapt vehicle operation and
driving speed to road and
traffic
condi­

tions.
Driving Off-Road
WARNING
The Vanagon/Transporter
Syncro
is not an off-road or all
terrain
vehicle. Use of
this or any other vehicle under off-road
conditions
requires special skills and knowledge. The off-road operation of
this or any other
vehicle
can
lead
to per­
sonal
injury.

•
Driver and all
passengers
must
wear

safety belts at all times.

•
Keep your thumbs and fingers on
the outside of the steering wheel.
Potholes
or rocks can
jerk
the
wheel

from your grip; it really hurts if a spoke
catches
you on the way around.

Off-Road
Driving
Driving off-road places extra demands
on

your vehicle and on you, the driver.
If
under

exceptional
circumstances
you
judge
it

safe
and
appropriate
to
leave
the
paved highway,
first
make sure
that
your vehicle

is
in top
mechanical condition. Make cer­

tain
that
all
vehicle systems
are
function­ ing normally,
in
particular,
for
example,

that
the engine, especially the cooling
sys­

tem,
is
operating properly and
that
trans­
mission,
brakes and steering are function­ ing normally. Tires must have adequate

tread,
be
free
of
damage
and be
adequately inflated.

Before
driving over
difficult
terrain, such as

mud,
sand,
water, snow
or
steep
slopes,

we recommend engaging
the
differentia lock*
at low
speed.
Important
information
regarding
the
differential lock
is on
page

33/34.

Whenever
you
operate your
car you
should
be
well
and fit, but
your physical

and
mental condition
are
especially
im­

portant
when driving
off
the road.

As
a
general rule
you
should
go
only where others have gone before.

Always
obey applicable
Federal,
State
and
local regulations
and
above
all re­

spect
and protect the environment. Do
not

scar
the
land, avoid unnecessary wheel
spinning and other driving behavior which

will
create
ruts
and destroy vegetation.
Be

careful when parking and when standing

with
a hot
engine. The catalytic converter

with
which your vehicle
is
equipped devel­

ops
very high temperatures which can set
dry grass and brush
on
fire. Respect
the

wildlife, leave animals
to
themselves
and

do not destroy their areas
of
refuge. Above
all,
be
considerate and operate your vehi­

cle
sensibly and safely. Nature
is a
natural
resource
which belongs
to
all
of
us.
'where applicable


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VEHICLE CARE
TIRES/WHEELS
New tires

New
tires
do not
possess
maximum trac­

tion
and
should
be
driven
at
moderate
speeds
and
with
caution
for the
first
100
miles (160 kilometers).
Tire traction

WARNING
When driving on wet or slushy roads, a wedge of
water
may build up
between

the tires and the road. This phenome­ non is known as aquaplaning or hydro­
planing and may cause
partial
or
com­

plete
loss
of traction, vehicle control or
stopping ability. Always reduce speed

on
wet roads.
Tire service life
The service
life
of
your tires depends
for

the most
part
on the following factors:

Tire pressures
WARNING
•
Incorrect
tire
pressures cause

increased
tire
wear
and adversely

affect
road holding of the vehicle, lead­ ing to
loss
of control and personal
injury.

•
Incorrect
tire
pressures can also
lead to
sudden
deflation, resulting
in
an
accident and personal injury.

Check
your
tire
pressures twice
a
month,
and especially before taking
a
long
trip.
Be

sure
not to
forget
to
check
the
spare tire.
Always check
tire
pressures when the tires are cold. When
the
tires
are
warm,
the
pressure
will
be
higher.
Do not
reduce
the

pressure
of
warm tires.

Use
an accurate
tire
pressure gauge when
checking inflation pressures.
Do not

exceed
the
maximum
tire
inflation pres­ sure listed
on the
tire
sidewalk Cold
tire

inflation pressure means: when
a
vehicle

has
been standing
for at
least
3
hours
or

driven
for
less than 1 mile.
Always include the spare
tire
during
a
pres­ sure check.

Driving habits
Fast
cornering, heavy acceleration
and

hard braking all increase
tire
wear.

Wheel balancing

The
front
wheels
on new
vehicles
are
balanced.
When driving, however, various
conditions can cause
a
wheel
to
become
unbalanced.
This may
be
noticed as vibra­
tions
in the
steering.

Since
tire
imbalance
can
cause wear
or

the steering, suspension
and
tires,
you

should have your wheels rebalanced.
A

wheel should always
be
balanced
if a
nev,

tire
has
been mounted
or a
tire
was re­
paired.

114


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VEHICLE CARE

Snow
chains

Snow
chains
can be used on the rear ./heels only.

Dnly use chains
with
fine pitch links pro­
dding no more than V2 in/15 mm
from
tire

"ead
and side walls, including tensioner.
.'/heels
must
rotate
freely
in all
steering
positions
with
chains mounted
to
prevent
damage
to
body, axle
or
brake compo­
nents.
Drive slowly and follow the chain
manufacturer's instructions.

Remove
chains when roads are free
of

snow. Otherwise, they can
be
damaged
and impair vehicle handling.
Syncro models only

Conventional snow chains may
not be

used
with
205/70
x
14 tires on
5V2
J
x 14

wheels which
are
mounted
on
your

vehicle.
The
use
of
conventional snow
chains
is
only possible
on
smaller tires (e.g. 185
R
14C). Ask your VW dealer.
Where possible, snow chains should
be

fitted
to
all four wheels.
If
only two chains are available, these must be
fitted
to
the rear wheels.

Cable
type chains may also be
fitted
on all
standard tires
and
wheels (including
205/70
x
14 tires on 5Vz
J x
14 wheels), however, they should only be used when
road conditions require them. Always
remove snow chains when road condi­
tions improve. Be sure
to
follow all state and local regulations pertaining to the use
of snow chains.

WARNING

To
prevent personal
injury,
wear
pro­

tective gloves when fitting cable
chains
on your wheels. Always follow
the instructions
of
the manufacturer.


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TECHNICAL
DESCRIPTION

FRONTWHEEL SUSPENSION
• Independent upper and lower control
arm
• Stabilizer
•
Coil
springs • Shock absorbers
Syncro • Independent wheel suspension by

means
of double wishbones
with
coil
springs and telescopic shock absorbers.
• Double
jointed
shafts
• Stabilizer bar
•
Viscous
coupling

Steering
•
Rack
and pinion
• Safety steering column REAR WHEEL SUSPENSION
• Independent semi-trailing arms
with

integrated axle support
•
Coil
springs
• Shock absorbers
Syncro • Independent wheel suspension by way
of diagonal arm axle
with
coil springs and

telescopic
dampers.
• Double
jointed
drive shafts
• Differential lock as optional extra.
BRAKES

• Hydraulic dual-circuit power-assisted
brake system
with
pressure regulator for rear wheel circuit. Front wheels
with
disc

brakes,
rear wheels
with
self-adjusting
drum brakes.
• Parking brake for rear wheels.
Body/Chassis • All steel unitized body
• Frame plates reinforced
with
side and

cross
members.

143


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GAS
STATION
INFORMATION

1 -
Jack
and tools, see page 123.

2
- Windshield washer container, capacity 4.3 qt/4.2 liters.

3
-
Fuse
box, see page 128.
4 - Brake
fluid
reservoir, see page 108.

5
- Spare wheel, see page 124.
6 - Battery, see page 109.
7 -
Fuel
filler neck (rear wheel drive), capacity 16 gal/60 liters.
8 -
Rear
window washer container, capacity 1.1 qt/1.0 liters.
9 -
Fuel
filler neck (syncro), capacity 18.5 gal/70 liters.
10 - Air cleaner, see page 103.
11 - Power steering
fluid
reservoir, see page 103.
12 - Engine oil dipstick/oil filler neck, see page 99.

13
- Coolant
refill
tank, see page 105.
14 - ATF dipstick, see page 102.
157


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ALPHABETICAL
INDEX

page

Accessories
122

Air
cleaner 103

Air
Conditioner 54 All-wheel-drive 75
Alternator warning
light
44

Ashtrays
64
Assist
handles and coat hooks ... 67
Automatic safety belts 14
Automatic Transmission 35
Automatic Transmission Fluid .... 102 Auxiliary Heater 57, 60
Battery 109
Battery charging 110

Brake
fluid reservoir 108

Brake
warning
light
43
Brakes
29

Break-in
period 69

Bulb
chart 130

Bulb
replacing 130
Buzzer
7,35

Capacities
147

Catalytic
converter 144

Central
locking system 8
Cigarette lighter 63
Child
safety 15

Chime
7,35

Cleaning
products 89

Climate
controls 51
Clock
41 page

Coolant
temperature gauge .... 41

Cooling
system 104

Consumer
information 152
Corrosion
protection 94

Cruise
control 49

Curtains
27

Cup
holder 66

Dashboard
4

Data
146
Defogging/defrosting 52 Differential lock 33

Dimensions
148
Do-it-yourself service 123

Doors
9

Economically
driving 72

Electric
windows 12

Emergency
equipment 70
Emergency
flasher 46

Emergency
starting 136

Emergency
towing 138

Emission
Control System 144
Engine
code letter 151

Engine
compartment lid 97

Engine
cooling 41,104
Engine
exhaust 144

Engine
number 151

Engine
oil changing 100
pace

Engine
oil checking 9?

Engine
oil grades 9E

Expansion
tank 105

Fan
41, 10c

Folding
table 65

Foreign
country driving 120 Front seats 20

Fuel
economy 72

Fuel
gauge 42
Fuel
injection 142

Fuel
supply 86

Fuel
tank 85

Fuses
12E

Gas
Station
Information
156

Gasoline
additives 86
Gearshift lever 32

Glove
compartment 64
Headlight dimmer and flasher .... 48 Headlights 13C
Headlight adjustment 134
Headlight switch 46

Head
restraints 19 HeatingA/entilation 51
High beam 45,48
Horn 4
Identification label and number ... 151
Ignition/steering lock 38
Indicator lights 43


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ALPHABETICAL INDEX
page
Introduction 2
Instrument illumination 46
Instrument panel 4 Instruments 40
Interior light 63,133
Jack and tools 123 Jack points 126
Keys 7
Kickdown 37
Lane changer 48
License plate lights 133 Lifting vehicle 140
Light switch 46 Light alloy wheels 92
Lights 46,130
Locks 7
Lubricants 98
Luggage compartment 28
Maintenance 95
Maintenance booklet 2
Manual Transmission 32 Manual Transmission Oil 102
Mirrors 13
Notes to owner 2 page
Octane rating 86
Oil change 100
Oil filter changing 101 Oil pressure warning light 43
OXS (Oxygen sensor) 144
Parking 31,145
Parking brake 31 Pedals 29
Power steering 103
Power windows 12
Radio 5, 135
Rear lid 11 Rear seat bench/bed combination 26
Rear view mirrors 13
Rear window defogger 47
Rear window wiper/washer 50
Refill Tank 105
Reverse 32
Roof rack 68
Safe driving hints 70
Safety belts 14
Safety belts warning light 18
Safety compliance sticker 151
Seats 20 Secondary heat exchanger 53
Selector lever 35 page
Service manuals 152 Side marker lights 132
Sliding door 10 Sliding roof 62
Sliding windows 12
Snow chains 119 Spare wheel 124
Spark plugs 146
Speedometer 40
Speed ranges 69
Starter switch 38 Starting procedures 39
Steering lock 38
Stopping engine 39
Sunroof 62 Sun visors 67
Switches 46
Swivel seats 22 Syncro Differential lock 33
Driving with the-all-wheel-drive . . 75
Snow chains 119
Technical Information 142 Towing 139
Tachometer 41
Tail lights 132
Technical data 146


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