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184 Driving and Operating
Steering
Caution
To avoid damage to the steering system,
do not drive over curbs, parking barriers,
or similar objects at speeds greater than
3 km/h (1 mph). Use care when driving
over other objects such as lane dividers
and speed bumps. Damage caused by
misuse of the vehicle is not covered by
the vehicle warranty.
Electric Power Steering
The vehicle is equipped with an electric
power steering system, which reduces the
amount of effort needed to steer the
vehicle. It does not have power steering
fluid. Regular maintenance is not required.
If the power steering system overheats,
there will be a temporary reduced level of
steering assist until the system cools down.
For example, the system can overheat if the
steering wheel is held firmly for an
extended amount of time at the end of its
range of travel. The energy from the
additional power assist becomes heat.
Normal operation of the power steering
system will resume when the system
cools down.
If the power steering system malfunctions,
the power steering system will have no
steering assist and greater steering effort
may be required. See your dealer to resolve
the problem.
Curve Tips
.Reduce speed before entering a curve.
.Maintain a reasonable steady speed
through the curve.
.Wait until the vehicle is out of the curve
before accelerating gently into the
straightaway.
Steering in Emergencies
.There are some situations when steering
around a hazard may be more effective
than braking.
.Holding both sides of the steering wheel
allows you to turn 180 degrees without
removing a hand.
.The Antilock Brake System (ABS) allows
steering while braking.
Off-Road Recovery

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Driving and Operating 185
The vehicle's right wheels can drop off the
edge of a road onto the shoulder while
driving. Follow these tips:1. Ease off the accelerator and then, if there is nothing in the way, steer the
vehicle so that it straddles the edge of
the pavement.
2. Turn the steering wheel about one-eighth of a turn, until the right front
tire contacts the pavement edge.
3. Turn the steering wheel to go straight down the roadway.
Loss of Control
Skidding
There are three types of skids that
correspond to the vehicle's three control
systems:
.Braking Skid —wheels are not rolling.
.Steering or Cornering Skid —too much
speed or steering in a curve causes tires
to slip and lose cornering force.
.Acceleration Skid —too much throttle
causes the driving wheels to spin.
Antilock brakes help to avoid only the
braking skid. Defensive drivers avoid most skids by taking
reasonable care suited to existing conditions,
and by not exceeding those conditions. But
skids are always possible.
If the vehicle starts to skid, follow these
suggestions:
.Ease your foot off the accelerator pedal
and steer the way you want the vehicle
to go. The vehicle may straighten out,
but if it skids again from oversteer, be
ready to correct another skid if it occurs.
.Slow down and adjust your driving
according to weather conditions. Stopping
distance may be longer and vehicle
control may be affected when traction is
reduced by water, snow, ice, gravel,
or other material on the road. Learn to
recognize warning clues
—such as
enough water, ice, or packed snow on the
road to make a mirrored surface —and
slow down when you have any doubt.
.Try to avoid sudden steering, acceleration,
or braking, including reducing vehicle
speed by shifting to a lower gear. Any
sudden changes could cause the tires to
slide.
Off-Road Driving
Four-wheel-drive vehicles can be used for
off-road driving. Vehicles without four-wheel
drive and vehicles not equipped with All
Terrain (AT) or On-Off Road (OOR) tires must
not be driven off-road except on a level,
solid surface. For contact information about
the original equipment tires, see the
warranty manual.
One of the best ways for successful off-road
driving is to control the speed.
{Warning
When driving off-road, bouncing and
quick changes in direction can easily
throw you out of position. This could
cause you to lose control and crash. You
and your passengers should always wear
seat belts.
Off-Road Vehicle Features
If equipped, the following off-road features
may be available:
.Four-Wheel Steering: Provides the ability
to steer the vehicle with all four wheels,
reducing the turning diameter and
improving maneuverability of the vehicle.
See Four-Wheel Steering 0210.

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186 Driving and Operating
.Underbody Camera System: Provides a
view of the area underneath the vehicle
to avoid obstacles during off-roading
events. SeeSurround Vision System 0247.
Before Driving Your Vehicle Off-Road
Read all the information about
four-wheel-drive vehicles in this manual.
Know the local laws that apply to off-road
driving.
Have all necessary maintenance and service
work completed.
Charge the vehicle and check inflation
pressure in all tires, including the spare,
if equipped.
Loading the Vehicle for Off-Road Driving
Caution
Placing tall or oversized items near or
against the spoiler or the lamp above the
truck bed can result in vehicle damage.
To prevent vehicle damage, properly store
cargo in the truck bed away from the
spoiler and the lamp using the cargo
tie-downs.
{Warning
.Unsecured cargo on the load floor can
be tossed about when driving over
rough terrain. You or your passengers
can be struck by flying objects. Secure
the cargo properly.
.Keep cargo in the cargo area as far
forward and as low as possible. The
heaviest things should be on the floor,
forward of the rear axle.
.Heavy loads on the roof raise the
vehicle's center of gravity, making it
more likely to roll over. You can be
seriously or fatally injured if the
vehicle rolls over. Put heavy loads
inside the cargo area, not on the roof.
For more information about loading the
vehicle, see Vehicle Load Limits 0193 and
Tires 0344.
Environmental Concerns
Always use established trails, roads, and
areas that are reserved for public off-road
recreational driving. Obey all posted
regulations.
Do not damage shrubs, flowers, trees,
grasses, or disturb wildlife.
Driving on Hills
Driving safely on hills requires good
judgment and an understanding of what the
vehicle can and cannot do.
{Warning
Many hills are simply too steep for any
vehicle. Driving down hills can cause loss
of control. Driving across hills can cause a
rollover. You could be injured or killed.
Do not drive on steep hills.
Before driving on a hill, assess the
steepness, traction, and obstructions. If the
terrain ahead cannot be seen, get out of the
vehicle and walk the hill before driving
further.
When driving on hills:
.Use L (Low) mode and keep a firm grip on
the steering wheel.
.Maintain a slow speed.
{Warning
Driving to the top of a hill at high speed
can cause a crash. There could be a
drop-off, embankment, cliff, or even (Continued)

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Driving and Operating 187
Warning (Continued)
another vehicle. You could be seriously
injured or killed. As you near the top of a
hill, slow down and stay alert.
.When possible, drive straight up or down
the hill.
.Slow down when approaching the top of
the hill.
.Use headlamps even during the day to
make the vehicle more visible.
.Never go downhill forward or backward
with the vehicle in N (Neutral). The brakes
could overheat and you could lose
control.
.When driving down a hill, keep the
vehicle headed straight down. Use L (Low)
mode to slow the vehicle and help keep
the vehicle under control.
{Warning
Do not coast downhill in N (Neutral) or
with the vehicle turned off. SeeHill and
Mountain Roads 0190 for tips on
maximizing regenerative braking and
minimizing the load on the brake system. (Continued)
Warning (Continued)
Heavy braking when going down a hill
can cause your brakes to overheat and
fade. This could cause loss of control and
you or others could be injured or killed.
Apply the brakes lightly when descending
a hill and use a low mode to keep vehicle
speed under control.
.Avoid turns that take the vehicle across
the incline of the hill. Driving across an
incline puts more weight on the downhill
wheels, which could cause a downhill
slide or a rollover.
.Loose gravel, muddy spots, or even wet
grass can cause the tires to slip sideways,
downhill. If the vehicle slips sideways, it
can hit an object or a rut and potentially
roll over.
.Hidden obstacles can make the steepness
of the incline more severe. If a rock is
driven across with the uphill wheels, or if
the downhill wheels drop into a rut or
depression, the vehicle can tilt even more.
.If an incline must be driven across, and
the vehicle starts to slide, turn downhill.
This should help straighten out the
vehicle and prevent side slipping.
{Warning
Getting out of the vehicle on the
downhill side when stopped across an
incline is dangerous. If the vehicle rolls
over, you could be crushed or killed.
Always get out on the uphill side of the
vehicle and stay well clear of the
rollover path.
Driving in Mud, Sand, Snow, or Ice
Use L (Low) mode when driving in mud.
Keep the vehicle moving to avoid getting
stuck.
Traction changes when driving on sand. On
loose sand, such as on beaches or sand
dunes, the tires tend to sink into the sand.
This affects steering, accelerating, and
braking. Drive at a reduced speed and avoid
sharp turns or abrupt maneuvers.
Traction is reduced on hard-packed snow and
ice, and it is easy to lose control. Reduce
vehicle speed when driving on hard-packed
snow and ice.

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Driving and Operating 189
.After exiting the water, repeatedly and
gently apply the brakes to dry them off
and restore effectiveness.
If Something Goes Wrong
If during your off-road experience a warning
light or warning message displays on the
instrument cluster, or if the vehicle sustains
damage, stop driving as soon as it is safe to
do so. Correct the condition if possible
before continuing driving. If a warning light
or message appears, or if the condition
cannot be corrected, see your dealer. See
Vehicle Messages0135.
If the vehicle is operating with reduced
acceleration or reduced propulsion, stop
your off-road experience and drive slowly to
an accessible point for further assistance.
The vehicle should be taken to your dealer
for service as soon as possible. See
Propulsion Power Messages 0136 and
Propulsion Power is Limited Light 0115.
{Warning
A vehicle with driveline damage may roll
when shifted into P (Park). Always set
the Electric Parking Brake before
inspecting for driveline damage or when
(Continued)
Warning (Continued)
securing the vehicle on a flatbed tow
truck. SeeElectric Parking Brake 0205
and
Transporting a Disabled Vehicle 0378.
After Driving Your Vehicle Off-Road
Be sure to switch out of Off-Road Mode or
Terrain Mode to return to normal driving.
See Driver Mode Control 0209.
Remove any brush or debris that has
collected on the underbody or chassis,
or under the hood. Clean the lens of the
underbody camera. These accumulations can
be a fire hazard.
The extreme conditions of off-road driving
require more frequent maintenance service.
See "Severe Conditions Requiring More
Frequent Maintenance" and "Additional
Required Services —Severe Service" on
Maintenance Schedule 0389.
After operation in mud or sand, have the
brake linings cleaned and checked. These
substances can cause glazing and uneven
braking. Check the body structure, driveline, steering,
suspension, wheels, tires, and other vehicle
systems for damage, or have these
inspections done by your dealer.
{Warning
Lifting a vehicle and getting under it to
do maintenance or repairs is dangerous
without the appropriate safety equipment
and training. If a jack is provided with
the vehicle, it is designed only for
changing a flat tire. If it is used for
anything else, you or others could be
badly injured or killed if the vehicle slips
off the jack. If a jack is provided with the
vehicle, only use it for changing a
flat tire.
Driving on Wet Roads
Rain and wet roads can reduce vehicle
traction and affect your ability to stop and
accelerate. Always drive slower in these
types of driving conditions and avoid driving
through large puddles and deep-standing or
flowing water.

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Driving and Operating 191
Driving on steep hills or through mountains
is different than driving on flat or rolling
terrain. Be sure to:
.Use regenerative braking to help slow the
vehicle or maintain speed by keeping the
vehicle in gear and limiting the initial
battery charge to 80% or less. See
Regenerative Braking0206.
.When braking is necessary, use frequent,
light taps of the brake pedal. This
maximizes regenerative braking and
minimizes the load on the vehicle brake
system.
.Keep the vehicle serviced and in good
shape.
.Check all fluid levels, brakes, tires, and
cooling system.
.Drive at speeds that keep the vehicle in
its own lane. Do not swing wide or cross
the center line.
.Be alert on top of hills; something could
be in your lane (e.g., stalled car, crash).
.Pay attention to special road signs (e.g.,
falling rocks area, winding roads, long
grades, passing or no-passing zones) and
take appropriate action.
Winter Driving
Driving on Snow or Ice
Caution
To avoid damage to the wheels and
brake components, always clear snow and
ice from inside the wheels and
underneath the vehicle before driving.
Snow or ice between the tires and the road
creates less traction or grip, so drive
carefully. Wet ice can occur at about 0°C
(32°F) when freezing rain begins to fall.
Avoid driving on wet ice or in freezing rain
until roads can be treated.
For Slippery Road Driving:
.Turn off cruise control.
.If enabled, turn off One-Pedal Driving. See
One-Pedal Driving 0203.
.If turned off, turn on the Traction Control
System (TCS) and Electronic Stability
Control (ESC). See Traction Control/
Electronic Stability Control 0207.
.Select the Snow/Ice driver mode. See
Driver Mode Control 0209.
.Accelerate gently. Accelerating too quickly
causes the wheels to spin and makes the
surface under the tires slick.
.Allow greater following distance and
watch for slippery spots. Icy patches can
occur on otherwise clear roads in shaded
areas. The surface of a curve or an
overpass can remain icy when the
surrounding roads are clear. Avoid sudden
steering maneuvers and braking while
on ice.
.The Antilock Brake System (ABS) improves
vehicle stability during hard stops, but
the brakes should be applied sooner than
when on dry pavement. See Antilock
Brake System (ABS) 0204.
.Avoid using the Regen on Demand
paddle. See Regenerative Braking 0206.
Blizzard Conditions
If you become stranded or cannot continue
driving due to winter storm conditions, stop
the vehicle in a safe place and signal for
help. If possible, use Roadside Assistance
Program 0399. Stay with the vehicle unless
there is help nearby.

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192 Driving and Operating
If you stay in your vehicle while waiting,
signal for help and keep everyone in the
vehicle safe by turning on the hazard
warning flashers and tying a red cloth to an
outside mirror.
To conserve battery energy while waiting
for help, run the vehicle for only short
periods as needed to warm the vehicle and
then shut the vehicle off and partially close
the window. Moving about to keep warm
also helps. For additional tips to help
conserve battery energy in cold weather, see
Driving for Better Energy Efficiency0181.
If the Vehicle Is Stuck
Slowly and cautiously spin the wheels to
free the vehicle when stuck in sand, mud,
ice, or snow. See “Rocking the Vehicle to Get
It Out” later in this section.
The Traction Control/Electronic Stability
Control can often help to free a stuck
vehicle. See Traction Control/Electronic
Stability Control 0207. If TCS/ESC cannot
free the vehicle, see “Rocking the Vehicle to
Get it Out” following.
{Warning
If the vehicle’s tires spin at high speed,
they can explode, and you or others
could be injured. Spin the wheels as little
as possible and avoid going above
56 km/h (35 mph).
For information about using tire chains on
the vehicle, see Tire Chains0361.
Rocking the Vehicle to Get It Out
Turn the steering wheel left and right to
clear the area around the front wheels. Turn
the TCS off. Shift back and forth between
R (Reverse) and a forward gear, spinning the
wheels as little as possible. To prevent
battery wear, wait until the wheels stop
spinning before shifting gears. Slowly
spinning the wheels in the forward and
reverse directions causes a rocking motion
that could free the vehicle. If that does not
get the vehicle out after a few tries, it
might need to be towed out using recovery
hooks if equipped.
Recovery Hooks
If equipped, there are recovery hooks at the
front of the vehicle. Use them if the vehicle
is stuck in sand, mud, ice, or snow to pull
the vehicle back to the road and continue
driving.
{Warning
Never pull on recovery hooks from the
side. The hooks could break and you and
others could be injured. When using
recovery hooks, always pull the vehicle
from the front.
Caution
Never use recovery hooks to tow the
vehicle. The vehicle could be damaged,
and the repairs would not be covered by
the vehicle warranty.

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204 Driving and Operating
used to hold the vehicle after coming to a
stop, and a noise may be noticed when the
brakes apply.
When driving on slippery roads, it is
recommended to turn off One-Pedal Driving
for maximum vehicle stability. SeeWinter
Driving 0191.
One-Pedal Driving is a useful feature when
towing a trailer, however, using the brake
pedal may be required to slow down and
hold the vehicle with large loads or steep
hills. Trailer brakes are only activated with
the brake pedal but trailer brake lights will
be functional during substantial deceleration
or when the vehicle is stopped. See Trailer
Towing 0297.
While using One-Pedal Driving, the Electric
Parking Brake (EPB) may apply in some
circumstances. This can occur when:
.The driver exits the vehicle.
.The vehicle has remained stationary for
five minutes.
To resume driving, press the accelerator
pedal, and the EPB will automatically
disengage.
Drive Systems
Four-Wheel Drive
This vehicle is equipped with advanced
electric four-wheel drive (e4WD). The e4WD
system delivers power to all four wheels,
and the system adjusts automatically to the
driving conditions. The e4WD system
continuously varies the drive power to the
front and rear wheels to maximize driving
efficiency and improve driving dynamics.
Your vehicle has exceptional driving
capability, but care must always be taken to
adjust driving style to the traffic and road
conditions.
Torque Vectoring
If equipped, the torque vectoring feature of
e4WD enhances vehicle performance by
focusing the vehicle torque to the optimal
wheel(s).
The vehicle e4WD settings may be
customized for the driver mode selected. See
Driver Mode Control 0209 for more
information.
Brakes
Antilock Brake System (ABS)
The Antilock Brake System (ABS) helps
prevent a braking skid and maintain steering
while braking hard.
If there is a problem with ABS, this warning
light stays on. See Antilock Brake System
(ABS) Warning Light 0116.
ABS does not change the time needed to
get a foot on the brake pedal and does not
always decrease stopping distance. If you
get too close to the vehicle ahead, there will
not be enough time to apply the brakes if
that vehicle suddenly slows or stops. Always
leave enough room ahead to stop, even
with ABS.
Using ABS
Do not pump the brakes. Just hold the brake
pedal down firmly. Hearing and feeling ABS
operate is normal.